CN110285743A - Checking fixture and testing method for measuring the groove width of the inner ring ring and the distance between the relative outer shoulders - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a checking device for measuring the groove width of an inner ring ring and the distance between relative outer shoulders. The positioning sleeve is used for inserting workpieces, and the bottom surface of the outer shoulder of the workpiece is only located on the upper end surface of the flange side, and a standard gauge block is placed on the upper end surface of the flange side as a measurement reference. The right wedge block and the left wedge block are paired and inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece, and the joint surface of the two is an inclined plane with the same inclination angle α and opposite directions. The outer wall of the right wedge block and the left wedge block facing the inner hole of the workpiece is a cylindrical surface, and the radius of the arc is equal to the radius of the inner hole of the workpiece. There is an outer convex shoulder with a width of L4 in the middle of the left wedge block, and L4 is smaller than the inner hole of the workpiece. Ring groove width K. The present invention also relates to a detection method using the above-mentioned inspection tool, which converts the size of the workpiece to be inspected into the height dimension of the left wedge block relative to the standard gauge block for detection. The invention is particularly suitable for use on the production site, thus greatly improving the timeliness of detection and effectively reducing scrap in batches.

Description

Checking fixture and testing method for measuring the groove width of the inner ring ring and the distance between the relative outer shoulders

technical field

The invention belongs to a technical solution in the technical field of length measurement. Specifically, the invention relates to a checking tool for measuring the groove width of an inner ring ring and the distance between relative outer shoulders. The invention also relates to a testing method using the checking tool .

Background technique

Shaft sleeves, gears, ratchets, and sprockets are common mechanical parts. These rotating wheels and sleeve parts are all positioned and installed with inner holes. In the project, for some wheels and sleeve parts that have axial positioning requirements and the inner diameter is less than 30mm, the circlip structure is preferred. With cooperation, this kind of axial positioning structure is simple and reliable, and can achieve the expected purpose. In reality, the positioning accuracy of the circlip mainly depends on two aspects. One is the embedded position accuracy of the circlip on the supporting shaft. Since the structural dimensions of the shaft are all external length dimensions, it is easy to control and can be directly and accurately measured with a commercially available general length measuring tool. , so the embedded position of the circlip on the supporting shaft is controllable and easy to measure. The second is the size of the ring groove in the inner hole of small-caliber wheels and disk parts. Because the commercially available general measuring tools cannot be inserted into the inner hole for measurement, and the position and size between the ring groove and the external related structure are separated by the outer wall, this position The size cannot be directly measured with commercially available conventional measuring tools. Accurate measurements can be made using a three-coordinate measuring instrument under realistic technical conditions. However, this kind of precision instrument has high requirements on the measurement environment, takes a long time and costs a lot, so it is not suitable for mass production testing. For the wheel and sleeve parts whose internal diameter is less than 30mm and the internal and external structures have positional accuracy requirements, the industry generally uses special calipers for qualitative detection in the production process, supplemented by sampling with a three-coordinate measuring instrument for verification measurement. This combined measurement method can guide production, but its timeliness is poor, and it is prone to quality problems of small batch size out of tolerance.

Contents of the invention

The invention mainly solves the problem of difficult measurement of the position and size between the bevel gear inner hole ring groove and the inner and outer structures of the automobile differential, and proposes a simple structure, easy manufacture, convenient use, high measurement accuracy, and can accurately measure the inner hole The inspection tool for the distance between the ring groove and the relative outer shoulder, the present invention is also equipped with a corresponding detection method.

The present invention achieves technical goals through the following technical solutions.

It is a checking tool for measuring the groove width of the inner ring ring and the distance between the relative outer shoulders. It includes a base, a positioning sleeve, a right wedge, a left wedge, a dial gauge, a gauge frame and a gauge block. The meter frame is fixed on the base with a vertical bar, and the cantilever end of the cross bar is equipped with a dial indicator facing downward. A vertical positioning sleeve is placed on the plane at the other end of the base. The improvement is that the positioning sleeve is a round sleeve with the flange side on the upper end surface, and the workpiece is inserted vertically in the inner hole of the positioning sleeve, and the outer shoulder bottom surface of the workpiece is only located on the upper end surface of the flange side, as the measurement reference A standard gauge block with a height of L0 is also placed on the end face of the flange. The right wedge block and the left wedge block are paired and inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece. The joint surface of the block-shaped right wedge block and the left wedge block is an inclined plane. The outer wall of the right wedge block and the left wedge block facing the inner hole of the workpiece is a cylindrical surface, and the radius of the arc is equal to the radius of the inner hole of the workpiece. There is an outer convex shoulder with a width of L4 in the middle of the left wedge block, and L4 is smaller than the inner hole of the workpiece. Ring groove width K.

As a further improvement, the oblique angle α of the left wedge-shaped block is 4°-7°, the big end of which faces upwards, and the small end faces downwards. The oblique angle α of the right wedge is the same as that of the left wedge, and when paired, the large end of the right wedge is downward and the small end is upward.

As a further improvement, the axial cross-section of the outer convex shoulder in the middle of the left wedge block is rectangular, and the maximum radius of the outer convex shoulder is equal to the maximum radius of the ring groove of the inner hole of the workpiece.

As a further improvement, the distance between the upper edge of the outer convex shoulder in the axial middle of the left wedge block and the top surface of the big end is the design value L1.

As a further improvement, the height L0 of the gauge block is determined by the design dimension L of the inner annular groove of the standard workpiece relative to the outer shoulder and the design dimension L1 of the left wedge.

As a further improvement plan, the detection method using the above-mentioned inspection tool includes the detection of the distance between the inner ring groove of the workpiece and the outer shoulder distance and the detection of the width of the inner ring groove. The specific detection steps are as follows:

A. Detection of the distance between the inner ring groove of the workpiece and the outer shoulder

a1. Insert the workpiece to be inspected into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve, and the bottom surface of the outer shoulder of the workpiece is only at the flange edge of the positioning sleeve;

a2. The left wedge-shaped block is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece with the small end facing down, and the right wedge-shaped block is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece with the small end facing upward. When the upper edge of the outer convex shoulder is close to the upper edge of the inner hole ring groove, the left wedge block is wedged tightly and positioned by lifting the right wedge block;

a3. The dial indicator first sets the zero position with the standard gauge block with a height of L0, and then moves to the top surface of the left wedge block to measure L2. In the structure, L2=L1+L, the difference between L2 and the standard value L0 is the workpiece The manufacturing error of the distance L between the inner ring groove and the outer shoulder;

B. Detection of the groove width of the inner ring of the workpiece

b1. Push down the right wedge block under the above working conditions, and when the lower edge of the outer convex shoulder of the left wedge block moves down is at the bottom edge of the ring groove of the inner hole of the workpiece, the left wedge block is plugged tightly by lifting the right wedge block ;

b2. Use a dial gauge to measure the top of the left wedge to obtain the L3 size;

b3. The groove width of the inner ring of the workpiece is K=L4+L5, where L5=L2—L3, so K=L4+(L2—L3).

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

1. The structure of the inspection tool is simple, easy to manufacture, convenient to use, and the accuracy of quantitative measurement results is high;

2. Convert the indirect dimension between the inner and outer structures of the workpiece and the width of the groove of the inner ring into the measurement of the height difference of the left wedge. This kind of external dimension measurement is easy and efficient;

3. This inspection tool belongs to the category of conventional length measuring tools. It has low requirements for inspection conditions and is suitable for on-site inspection in production. Due to the nearby inspection and good timeliness, the problem of batch out-of-tolerance can be avoided.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention, in which the inspection tool is used to detect the position size between the inner and outer structures of the workpiece.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at U in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic partial top view of the left wedge block and the right wedge block paired into the inner hole of the workpiece.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention used to detect the groove width of the annular ring in the workpiece.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure in FIG. 4T.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the workpiece to be inspected in the embodiment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below according to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

The workpiece 8 to be inspected in this embodiment is a bevel gear equipped with a car differential. The width dimension K of the ring groove in the inner hole of the workpiece 8 and the distance L between the ring groove and the outer shoulder have precision requirements. Since the workpiece 8 is only 25mm in diameter on the one hand, the built-in ring groove width K cannot be measured with a commercially available length measuring tool. To solve these problems, a method for measuring the inner ring groove and the relative outer shoulder as shown in Figure 1 was invented. The distance inspection tool includes a base 1, a positioning sleeve 2, a right wedge 3, a left wedge 4, a dial indicator 5, a gauge frame 6 and a gauge block 7. The meter frame 6 is fixed on the base 1 with a vertical bar, and the cantilever end of the cross bar is equipped with a dial indicator 5 facing downwards. The other end plane of the base 1 is placed with a vertical positioning sleeve 2 . The positioning sleeve 2 is a round sleeve with the flange side on the upper end face, and the workpiece 8 is vertically inserted in the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 2, and the outer shoulder bottom surface of the workpiece 8 is only located on the upper end face of the flange side, and the flange used as the measurement reference A standard gauge block 7 with a height of L0 is also placed on the end surface of the side. The height L0 of the gauge block 7 is determined by the design dimension L of the distance between the inner ring groove of the standard workpiece 8 and the design dimension L of the right wedge block 4 relative to the outer shoulder. L1 is determined, and L0 of the standard gauge block 7 in this embodiment is composed of design dimension L1 and design dimension L. The right wedge block 3 and the left wedge block 4 are paired and inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece as shown in Figure 3, the joint surface of the bar-shaped right wedge block 3 and the left wedge block 4 is a slope, and the slope of the two pieces is inclined. The angles α are equal and opposite in direction, and the oblique angle α=4° in this embodiment. During installation, the left wedge-shaped block 4 big ends are upwards, and the small end is downward, and the paired right wedge-shaped block 3 then has the large end downwards, and the small end is installed upwards. In order to improve the matching quality, the outer walls of the right wedge block 3 and the left wedge block 4 facing the inner hole of the workpiece 8 are all cylindrical surfaces, and the radius of the arc is equal to the radius of the inner hole of the workpiece 8 . In order to facilitate positioning and detection, a convex shoulder 4.1 with a width of L4 is provided in the middle of the left wedge block 4. The axial cross-section of the convex shoulder 4.1 is rectangular, and its maximum radius is equal to the maximum radius of the inner ring groove of the workpiece 8. In this embodiment, the outer convex shoulder 4.1 in the axial middle of the left wedge block 4 has a width L4, and the distance between the top edge of the outer convex shoulder 4.1 and the top surface of the big end is the design value L1. In the structure, the outer convex shoulder 4.1 width L4 in the axial middle of the left wedge block 4 is smaller than the width K of the inner ring groove of the workpiece 8, and the difference is L5. The relationship is shown in Figure 5. The width K of the inner ring groove of the workpiece 8 =L4+L5.

The actual detection method using the above-mentioned inspection tool includes the detection of the distance between the inner ring groove of the workpiece 8 and the detection of the outer shoulder and the detection of the inner ring groove. The specific detection steps are as follows:

A. Detection of the distance between the inner ring groove of the workpiece 8 and the outer shoulder

a1. Insert the workpiece 8 to be detected into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 2. The bottom surface of the outer shoulder of the workpiece 8 is only located at the flange edge of the positioning sleeve 2. Since the upper edge of the ring groove of the inner hole of the workpiece 8 has a structural dimension L to the bottom surface of the outer shoulder limit and therefore must be detected;

a2. The left wedge-shaped block 4 is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece 8 with the small end facing downward, and the right wedge-shaped block 3 is paired with the small end facing upward, and the outer convex shoulder 4.1 located in the middle of the left wedge-shaped block 4 is snapped into the inner hole of the workpiece 8. In the ring groove, when the top of the outer convex shoulder 4.1 is close to the upper edge of the ring groove of the inner hole, the left wedge block 4 is wedged and positioned by lifting the right wedge block 3;

a3. The dial indicator 5 first sets the zero position with the standard gauge block 7 with a height of L0, and then moves to the top surface of the left wedge-shaped block 4 to measure L2. It can be seen from Figure 1 that L2=L0=L1+L, that is, the measured value L2 is equal to L0, which is the most ideal quality. In fact, there is an error in L when machining the groove of the inner annular ring, so the actual measured L2 is not equal to L0. If the error between the two does not exceed the set value, it is judged as a qualified product, and vice versa. unqualified products;

B. Detection of the groove width of the inner ring of the workpiece 8

b1. Push the right wedge block 3 downward under the above working conditions, and when the lower edge of the outer convex shoulder 4.1 of the left wedge block 4 that moves down is at the bottom of the inner hole ring groove of the workpiece 8, lift the right wedge block 3 to wedge Tighten the left wedge block 4, this working condition is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5;

b2. Measure the top of the left wedge 4 with the dial indicator 5 to obtain the L3 size;

b3. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the width of the ring groove in the workpiece 8 is K=L4+L5, where L5=L2-L3, so K=L4+(L2-L3).

The inspection fixture disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and convenient use. The inspection tool of this structure converts the position dimension of the internal and external structure of the workpiece into the height dimension of the left wedge 4 relative to the gauge block 7 for measurement, and then compares the measured data with the standard gauge block 7 to accurately obtain the position dimension. In reality, due to the structural limitation of the ring groove in the small aperture, commercially available measuring tools cannot extend into the hole to measure the width of the ring groove. The inspection tool of the present invention also converts the width of the ring groove in the inner hole into 4 relative gauge blocks of the left wedge 7 height dimensions to detect. Since the external height dimension can be accurately measured with commercially available measuring tools, it is easy to detect and has high efficiency. Reduce batch scrap.

Claims (6)

1. A checking tool for measuring the width of the inner ring groove and the distance between the relative outer shoulders, which includes a base (1), a positioning sleeve (2), a right wedge (3), a left wedge (4), a percentage Meter (5), meter frame (6) and gauge block (7); the meter frame (6) is fixed on the base (1) with a vertical bar, and the cantilever end of the bar is equipped with a dial indicator with the meter head facing down ( 5); the other end of the base (1) is placed on a vertical positioning sleeve (2); the feature is that: the positioning sleeve (2) is a round sleeve with the flange side on the upper end surface, and the positioning sleeve (2) The workpiece (8) is inserted vertically in the inner hole, the bottom surface of the outer shoulder of the workpiece (8) is only located on the upper end surface of the flange, and a standard with a height of L0 is also placed on the upper end surface of the flange as the measurement reference. Gauge block (7); the right wedge block (3) and left wedge block (4) are paired and inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece (8), and the block-shaped right wedge block (3) and left wedge block (4) The joint surface of the two parts is a bevel, and the bevel angle α of the two parts is equal, and the direction is opposite; the outer wall of the right wedge block (3) and the left wedge block (4) facing the inner hole of the workpiece (8) is a cylindrical surface, and the radius of the arc is equal to The radius of the inner hole of the workpiece (8) is provided with an outer convex shoulder (4.1) with a width of L4 in the middle of the left wedge (4), and L4 is smaller than the width K of the inner ring groove of the workpiece (8). 2. The inspection tool for measuring the groove width of the inner ring ring and the distance between the relative outer shoulders according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oblique angle of the left wedge (4) is α=4°～7°, The big end of the right wedge faces upwards and the small end faces downward; the oblique angle α of the right wedge (3) is the same as that of the left wedge (4). When paired, the big end of the right wedge (3) faces downward and the small end up. 3. The inspection tool for measuring the width of the inner ring groove and the distance between the relative outer shoulders according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axial section of the outer convex shoulder (4.1) in the middle of the left wedge (4) It is rectangular, and the maximum radius of its outer convex shoulder (4.1) is equal to the maximum radius of the inner ring groove of the workpiece (8). 4. The inspection tool for measuring the groove width of the inner ring ring and the distance between the relative outer shoulders according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper side of the outer convex shoulder (4.1) in the axial middle of the left wedge block (4) The distance from the top surface of the big end is the design value L1. 5. The inspection tool for measuring the width of the inner ring groove and the distance between the relative outer shoulders according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height L0 of the gauge block (7) is determined by the inner ring recess of the standard workpiece (8). The design dimension L of the groove relative to the outer shoulder spacing and the design dimension L1 of the left wedge block (4) are determined. 6. The detection method using the above-mentioned inspection tool is characterized in that: the detection method includes the detection of the distance between the inner ring groove of the workpiece (8) relative to the outer shoulder and the detection of the width of the inner ring groove. The specific detection steps are as follows: A. Detection of the distance between the inner ring groove of the workpiece (8) and the outer shoulder a1. Insert the workpiece (8) to be inspected into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (2), and the bottom surface of the outer shoulder of the workpiece (8) is only at the flange edge of the positioning sleeve (2); a2. The left wedge (4) is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece (8) with the small end facing down, and the right wedge (3) is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece (8) with the small end facing upward, and the outer boss located in the middle of the left wedge (4) The shoulder (4.1) snaps into the groove of the inner ring of the workpiece (8). When the upper edge of the outer convex shoulder (4.1) is close to the upper edge of the inner ring groove, the left wedge (3) is lifted to make the left wedge (4) Positioned tightly by a wedge; a3. The dial indicator (5) first sets the zero position with the standard gauge block (7) with a height of L0, and then moves to the top surface of the left wedge (4) to measure L2. In the structure, L2=L1+L, L2 and The difference between the standard value L0 is the manufacturing error of the distance L between the inner ring groove of the workpiece (8) and the outer shoulder; B. Detection of the groove width of the inner ring of the workpiece (8) b1. Push down the right wedge (3) under the above working conditions, and when the lower side of the left wedge (4) protruding shoulder (4.1) is at the bottom of the inner hole ring groove of the workpiece (8), Wedge the left wedge (4) tightly by lifting the right wedge (3); b2. Use the dial indicator (5) to measure the top of the left wedge (4) to obtain the L3 size; b3. The groove width of the inner ring of the workpiece (8) is K=L4+L5, where L5=L2—L3, so K=L4+(L2—L3).