CN110280773A - A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110280773A CN110280773A CN201910660766.5A CN201910660766A CN110280773A CN 110280773 A CN110280773 A CN 110280773A CN 201910660766 A CN201910660766 A CN 201910660766A CN 110280773 A CN110280773 A CN 110280773A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of low-temperature self-propagating composite material.Specifically include that the graphene powder of nano-lamellar structure, Al powder, the Fe of micron level2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder, preparation method include mist projection granulating and vacuum-sintering.The invention has the beneficial effects that the compound certain lubricant of material composition, cooling agent, coolant, wetting agent, can reduce the melting temperature of reaction system, it is improved in alloy matrix aluminum interface motion and spreading wetting.With the material that can change thermit reaction system heat burst size.It is prepared by the inner wall self-lubricating wear-resistant coating for being less than 50mm aluminium alloy cylinder like members suitable for diameter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to prepare the low-temperature self-propagating composite powder material technical field of graphene self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, tool
Body is related to a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy has many advantages, such as that density is small, intensity is high, moulding processability is good, is widely used in manufacturing various cylinder classes portion
Part.But its lower hardness wears no resistance, and poor corrosion resistance limits its application.By the modified method in different surfaces, can make
These disadvantages of aluminium alloy are improved.Modified aluminium alloy surface treatment method mainly has both at home and abroad at present: plating, anodization, heat
The methods of spraying, laser melting coating, differential arc oxidation.And be wherein electroplated, anodization, differential arc oxidation are for the wear-resisting painting of cylinder like members inner wall
Layer protects more appropriate technology, and thermal spraying and laser melting coating etc. have by internal diameter ruler the preparation of aluminium alloy cylinder inner wall wear-resistant coating
Very little (35~100mm of diameter) is limited, to its mechanics of alloy matrix aluminum (aluminium alloy temperature capability is less than 660 DEG C) thermal damage's heat affecting
The limitation of performance and intensity.
SHS process coating technology, essence be using reaction system exothermic reaction to the self-heating of system with
And a kind of technology for carrying out synthetic material from conduction in system.Reactant in reaction system is once drawn by external heat source
It fires, will rapidly be spread from reaction zone to the region not reacted in a manner of combustion wave in reaction system.With conventional spray
Apply technology of preparing compare, SHS process coating technology in small size cylinder like members inner wall prepares coating rapid heat dissipation, be not required to spray
Painting particle accelerates, ignition device structure is simple, generates the features such as flue dust is few.
Self-propagating high-temperature technology can carry out wear-resistant coating preparation for different inner diameters size cylinder like members, but limitation is reflection
System temperature is excessively high, and Al and Fe2O3 are the basis of self-propagating high-temperature synthetic coating, the Fe and Al2O3 that the two reaction generates
Wetability is bad, reacts highest adiabatic temperature up to 3509K, is not only higher than oxidized aluminum alloy object or the fusing point of Al2O3
(2313K), and it is much higher than the boiling point (2723K) of Al, Al can largely evaporate in reaction process, not only form a large amount of gas in the coating
Hole, and cause reaction product proportion unbalance.For aluminium alloy cylinder matrix, its fusing point is lower, and aluminium alloy is being higher than 660 DEG C i.e. hair
Raw serious mechanical properties decrease, it is therefore necessary to which existing self-propagating high-temperature coating forming technique is improved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is: for the aluminium alloy cylinder like members inner wall wear-resistant coating protection of small size (35~100mm of diameter)
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material is provided.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material is provided, is included the following steps:
Graphene powder is first uniformly mixed by step 1 with Al powder, and the graphene is lamellar structure, graphene with
The mass percent of Al is (0.1~0.5): (99.5~99.9)；
Fe is added2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder are mixed
Powder；Preferably, the mass percent of Cu and Ti is (92~98): (8~2)；Most preferably 95:5；
In mixed-powder the mass percent of each component be (12~18) graphene and Al:(62~65) Fe2O3: (7
~9) ZnO:(1~3) SiO2: the B of (1~3)2O3: the Cu-Ti of (2~17)；
Step 2, by above-mentioned mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and heat, heating temperature be 82~85 DEG C, so
After carry out mist projection granulating, then carry out vacuum-sintering, obtain low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
Preferably, the lamellar spacing of the lamellar structure is 1~5nm.
Further, in step 1 Al powder granularity be 10~15nm, graphene and Al powder in liquid medium (for example,
Alcohol) in ball milling mixing, rotational speed of ball-mill be 5~9rpm/s, the ball milling mixing time be 7~10 hours；Ultrasonic wave disperses after ball milling
Processing 2~3 hours, ultrasonic wave dispersion frequency are 20~25Hz；After ultrasonic wave decentralized processing at 60~90 DEG C drying and processing 2~
3 hours, obtain the mixed-powder that granularity is 1~3 μm.
Further, Fe in step 12O3Powder size is 1~3 μm, and ZnO powder granularity is 1 μm, SiO2Powder size
It is 1~2 μm, B2O3Powder size is 1~2 μm, and Cu-Ti powder size is 1 μm.
Further, polyvinyl alcohol and the mass ratio of mixed-powder after mixing are 5~8% in step 2, stirring rate
330~380rpm/min.
Further, the low-temperature self-propagating composite material is powder materials, and granularity is 15~20 μm.
Further, the time of heating and stirring is carried out as 30~60min after mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol, stir
Rate is 300~500rpm/min.
Further, in step 2, the vacuum degree of vacuum-sintering reaction is 1 × 10-3Pa, sintering temperature are 810~830 DEG C,
10~15 DEG C/min of sintering temperature heating rate with high-purity argon gas is protection gas in sintering process, and sintering time is 1~2 hour.
The invention has the advantages that
1) present invention proposes compound certain cooling agent, coolant and can change thermit reaction system heat burst size
Material.It is prepared by the inner wall wear-resistant coating for being less than 50mm aluminium alloy cylinder like members suitable for diameter.Compared to self-propagating high-temperature synthetic coating
Technology, the present invention propose addition Cu+5%Ti and Al2O3It can be soaked, improve coating compactness and bond strength.SiO2、
B2O3Fusing point is lower, in cladding melts condensation process with other oxides generate silicate sturcture, be in glass or enamel state,
Reduce coating porosity.ZnO is a kind of fluxing agent, can reduce the melting temperature of reaction system, improves it in alloy matrix aluminum
Interface motion and spreading wetting.
2) novel carbonaceous solid lubricant of the graphene as nano thin-layer, is modified nanometer aluminium powder using it,
Both it can play and improve nanometer aluminium powder and Fe2O3Reaction contact area and exothermic heat of reaction energy, graphene can also be played and applied
Dispersed precipitate friction process forms the characteristic of carbonaceous self-lubricating film in layer, reduces coating coefficient of friction, reduces wear rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the microscopic appearance schematic diagram of low-temperature self-propagating composite material；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described
Embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is general
Logical technical staff every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to what the present invention protected
Range.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material is provided, is included the following steps:
Graphene powder is first uniformly mixed by step 1 with Al powder, and the graphene is lamellar structure, graphene with
The mass percent of Al is 0.1:99.9；
Fe is added2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder are mixed
Powder, wherein the mass percent of Cu and Ti is 95:5；
The Fe of the mass percent of each component is 12 in mixed-powder graphene and Al:622O3: the SiO of 7 ZnO:12:
1 B2O3: 17 Cu-Ti；
Step 2, by above-mentioned mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and heat, heating temperature be 82 DEG C, then into
Then row mist projection granulating carries out vacuum-sintering, obtain low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment step are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material is provided, is included the following steps:
Graphene powder is first uniformly mixed by step 1 with Al powder, and the graphene is lamellar structure, graphene with
The mass percent of Al is 0.2:99.8；
Fe is added2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder are mixed
Powder, wherein the mass percent of Cu and Ti is 96:4；
The Fe of the mass percent of each component is 14 in mixed-powder graphene and Al:632O3: the SiO of 8 ZnO:22:
2 B2O3: 11 Cu-Ti；
Step 2, by above-mentioned mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and heat, heating temperature be 83 DEG C, then into
Then row mist projection granulating carries out vacuum-sintering, obtain low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
The lamellar spacing of the lamellar structure is 1~5nm.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment step are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material is provided, is included the following steps:
Graphene powder is first uniformly mixed by step 1 with Al powder, and the graphene is lamellar structure, graphene with
The mass percent of Al is 0.4:99.6；
Fe is added2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder are mixed
Powder, wherein the mass percent of Cu and Ti is 95:5；
The Fe of the mass percent of each component is 16 in mixed-powder graphene and Al:642O3: the SiO of 8 ZnO:22:
2 B2O3: 4 Cu-Ti；
Step 2, by above-mentioned mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and heat, heating temperature be 84 DEG C, then into
Then row mist projection granulating carries out vacuum-sintering, obtain low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
Example 4:
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment step are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material is provided, is included the following steps:
Graphene powder is first uniformly mixed by step 1 with Al powder, and the graphene is lamellar structure, graphene with
The mass percent of Al is 0.5:99.5；
Fe is added2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder are mixed
Powder, wherein the mass percent of Cu and Ti is 92:8；
The Fe of the mass percent of each component is 18 in mixed-powder graphene and Al:652O3: the SiO of 9 ZnO:32:
3 B2O3: 2 Cu-Ti；
Step 2, by above-mentioned mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and heat, heating temperature be 82~85 DEG C, so
After carry out mist projection granulating, then carry out vacuum-sintering, obtain low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
The lamellar spacing of the lamellar structure is 5nm.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material, includes the following steps:
Graphene powder is first uniformly mixed by step 1 with Al powder, and the graphene is lamellar structure, graphene and Al's
Mass percent is (0.1~0.5): (99.5~99.9)；
Fe is added2O3Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, B2O3Powder and Cu-Ti alloy powder, which are uniformly mixed, obtains mixed-powder；
In mixed-powder the mass percent of each component be (12~18) graphene and Al:(62~65) Fe2O3: (7~9)
ZnO:(1~3) SiO2: the B of (1~3)2O3: the Cu-Ti of (2~17)；
Step 2, by above-mentioned mixed-powder and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and heat, heating temperature be 82~85 DEG C, then into
Then row mist projection granulating carries out vacuum-sintering, obtain low-temperature self-propagating composite material.
2. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lamella knot
The lamellar spacing of structure is 1~5nm.
3. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: Al in step 1
The granularity of powder is 10~15nm, and graphene and Al the powder ball milling mixing in liquid medium, rotational speed of ball-mill is 5~9rpm/s,
The ball milling mixing time is 7~10 hours；Ultrasonic wave decentralized processing 2~3 hours after ball milling, ultrasonic wave dispersion frequency be 20~
25Hz；After ultrasonic wave decentralized processing at 60~90 DEG C drying and processing 2~3 hours, obtaining granularity is 1~3 μm of mixed-powder.
4. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1
Fe2O3Powder size is 1~3 μm, and ZnO powder granularity is 1 μm, SiO2Powder size is 1~2 μm, B2O3Powder size is 1
~2 μm, Cu-Ti powder size is 1 μm.
5. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: gather in step 2
Vinyl alcohol and the mass ratio of mixed-powder after mixing are 5~8%, 330~380rpm/min of stirring rate.
6. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low temperature is certainly
Sprawling composite material is powder materials, and granularity is 15~20 μm.
7. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: mixed-powder with
The time that heating and stirring are carried out after polyvinyl alcohol is 30~60min, and stirring rate is 300~500rpm/min.
8. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2, very
The vacuum degree of empty sintering reaction is 1 × 10-3Pa, sintering temperature are 810~830 DEG C, 10~15 DEG C of sintering temperature heating rate/
Min with high-purity argon gas is protection gas in sintering process, and sintering time is 1~2 hour.
9. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1,
The mass percent of the Cu and Ti of Cu-Ti alloy powder are (92~98): (8~2).
10. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature self-propagating composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1,
The mass percent of the Cu and Ti of step 1Cu-Ti alloy powder are 95:5.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112746271A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-05-04 | 东南大学 | Laser cladding wide-temperature-range self-lubricating gear and preparation method thereof |
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