CN110280275A - A kind of Fe doping four three nanosized nickel rods of selenizing/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, preparation method and applications - Google Patents

A kind of Fe doping four three nanosized nickel rods of selenizing/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, preparation method and applications Download PDF

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CN110280275A
CN110280275A CN201910521779.4A CN201910521779A CN110280275A CN 110280275 A CN110280275 A CN 110280275A CN 201910521779 A CN201910521779 A CN 201910521779A CN 110280275 A CN110280275 A CN 110280275A
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吴正翠
黄建松
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Anhui Normal University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Fe to adulterate four three nanosized nickel rods of selenizing/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, preparation method and applications.The preparation method comprises the following steps: Se powder and reducing agent being dissolved in ammonium hydroxide and the mixed solution of deionized water, nickel foam inclination is placed in mixed solution, obtains the nickel foam of presoma through hydro-thermal reaction;Iron salt dissolved is put into the nickel foam of presoma in the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol and NaClO again, obtains product through solvent thermal reaction.Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes low temperature liquid phase synthetic method, by Fe3+Ion doping is to Ni3Se4In the lattice of classification nanostructure, method is simple, at low cost;The advantages that reacting the big active area of elctro-catalyst, good conductivity as oxygen evolution reaction (OER), evolving hydrogen reaction (HER) and total moisture solution;Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is able to achieve efficient total moisture solution at higher current densities, and it is low, outstanding stability is shown under high current density.

Description

A kind of Fe doping four three nanosized nickel rods of selenizing/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, system Preparation Method and its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to preparation method of nano material and electro-catalysis cross-application fields, and in particular to a kind of four selenium of Fe doping Change three nanosized nickel rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, preparation method and applications.
Background technique
Electro-catalysis water decomposition generates cleaning and recyclable fuel includes Oxygen anodic evolution reaction (OER) and cathode hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).The progress of the technology needs active, stable and cheap elctro-catalyst to reduce overpotential and accelerate moving for OER and HER Mechanics.3d transistion metal compound accurately controls the good catalytic performance of its Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes acquisition due to that can pass through, and is considered It is ideal water decomposition elctro-catalyst.Wherein, nickel based compound, such as nickelous selenide, have unique electronic structure, it is cheap and It is easily obtained, is explored as OER and HER elctro-catalyst.
However, selenizing nickel material higher overpotential in electro-catalysis water decomposition increases energy consumption, after long-time service It is easy to change in structure, limits its practical application in electro-catalysis water decomposition.Heterogeneous cation doping nickelous selenide can be adjusted Its electronic structure is saved, exposed active sites are increased, OER and total moisture solution performance can be obviously improved.In selenides, Ni3Se4Than it He is selenides such as NiSe and NiSe2With higher electric conductivity, has and improve the active potentiality of electro-catalysis water decomposition.But about change Learn the Ni of doping3Se4For being rarely reported for electro-catalysis total moisture solution application.Therefore a kind of specific cation is constructed meticulously to mix Miscellaneous Ni3Se4Nanostructure, regulates and controls pattern and electronic structure, and enhancing electric conductivity increases active sites to realize electro-catalysis water outstanding Degrading activity and stability have great importance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Fe to adulterate four three nanosized nickel rods of selenizing/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material And preparation method thereof, using low temperature liquid phase synthetic method, Fe is synthesized as conductive substrates using nickel foam and adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer Piece hierarchical array structural material, the synthetic method are simple, at low cost.
The present invention also provides a kind of Fe to adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is anti-as analysis oxygen Answer the application of (OER), evolving hydrogen reaction (HER) or total moisture solution reaction elctro-catalyst.
A kind of Fe provided by the invention adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material preparation method, packet Include following steps:
(1) Se powder and reducing agent are dissolved in ammonium hydroxide and the mixed solution of deionized water, are stirred by ultrasonic, obtain solution A, Then solution A is transferred in reaction kettle, nickel foam inclination is placed in solution A, hydro-thermal reaction is carried out, naturally cools to room Temperature, washing, dry, the obtained nickel foam for having presoma;
(2) by iron salt dissolved in ethyl alcohol and the mixed solution of NaClO, solution B is obtained, is then transferred to solution B instead It answers in kettle, the nickel foam for having presoma prepared by step (1) is tiltedly placed in solution B, solvent thermal reaction is carried out, to the end of reacting Cooled to room temperature afterwards, washing, dry, obtained Fe doping Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material.
Further, in step (1), the ratio between amount of substance of the Se powder and reducing agent be 1:2.3-2.8, preferably 1: 2.5。
The reducing agent is NaBH4;The molysite is Fe (NO3)3·9H2O。
In step (1), the volume ratio of the ammonium hydroxide and deionized water is 5-15:35-25;The selenium powder is in solution A Concentration is 20-30mM, preferably 25mM.
In step (1), the condition of the hydro-thermal reaction is to react 8-12h, preferably 120 DEG C reaction 8h at 120 DEG C.
In step (1), the nickel foam is using preceding needing to be cleaned, specific cleaning method are as follows: first uses 6M salt acid soak 15min removes the oxidation film of outer layer, then uses deionized water and washes of absolute alcohol, and when use is cut into 2 × 3cm size.
In step (1), the hydro-thermal reaction carries out in the stainless steel cauldron of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining;The washing Are as follows: it is first washed with deionized 3-5 times, then is washed 3-5 times with dehydrated alcohol;The drying are as follows: in 55-60 DEG C of vacuum oven Dry 6-12h.
In step (2), concentration of the molysite in solution B is 20-30mM, preferably 25.8mM.
In step (2), the ratio between volume of the ethyl alcohol and NaClO is 150~180:1, preferably 160:1.
In step (2), the condition of the solvent thermal reaction is to react 4-8h at 140 DEG C, reacts 6h at preferably 140 DEG C.
In step (2), the solvent thermal reaction carries out in the stainless steel cauldron of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining;The washing Are as follows: it is first washed with deionized 3-5 times, then is washed 3-5 times with dehydrated alcohol;The drying are as follows: in 55-60 DEG C of vacuum oven Dry 6-12h.
The present invention also provides a kind of Fe being prepared such as above-mentioned preparation method to adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet point Grade array structure materials, the Fe adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material pattern is in average diameter To grow the nanometer sheet that lateral dimension is 180~200nm in the nanometer rods of 50~70nm
The present invention also provides the Fe to adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is anti-as analysis oxygen The application for the elctro-catalyst for answering (OER) or evolving hydrogen reaction (HER) or total moisture solution to react.
The Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is anti-as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) or liberation of hydrogen Answer the elctro-catalyst of (HER) in application, method particularly includes: Ni is adulterated with the Fe3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array knot Structure material is as working electrode, with platinum filament (OER reaction) or carbon-point (HER reaction) and Ag/AgCl electrode respectively as to electrode And reference electrode, electrolyte are 1.0M KOH solution, carry out electro-chemical test using CHI760E electrochemical workstation.Linearly sweep Polarization curve (LSV) is retouched in 2.0mVs-1Sweep speed under carry out, ohm compensation be 90%.By being surveyed under constant voltage Constant current density time curve obtains stability.Electrochemical surface area (ECSA) without obvious faraday region difference by sweeping (2,4,6,8,10 and 12mVs is retouched under rate-1) cyclic voltammetry measurement electrochemical double layer capacitor (Cdl) assessed;Electrochemistry Impedance (EIS) open-circuit voltage in the frequency range of 100kHz to 0.1Hz is tested.With business RuO2It is supported on Pt/C Electrode is used as in nickel foam, the performance for testing OER and HER respectively, which is used as, to be compared.
The Fe adulterates Ni3Se4The electro-catalysis that nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is reacted as total moisture solution Agent in application, method particularly includes: with the Fe adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material respectively as Anode and cathode is assembled in dual-electrode electrolysis slot, tests linear scan polarization curve (LSV) and perseverance under 90% ohm of compensation Current density time stability under constant voltage.As a comparison, your gold being supported in nickel foam in dual-electrode electrolysis slot had studied Belong to RuO2LSV polarization curve as anode and Pt/C as cathode.
Fe provided by the invention adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, Fe doping have adjusted Ni3Se4Electronic structure, significantly enhance the electric conductivity and mass transfer behavior of material.Fe3+Ion doping enters Ni3Se4It is brilliant Lattice can expose bigger catalytic active site, improve the practical contact interface area between electrolyte, ensure that quick boundary Surface charge transfer, is conducive to electrocatalytic reaction.Metal cation is overlapping by the d-d track of intracell, realize charge from Lewis acidity is promoted in domain, promotes the absorption and activation of water, increases the electrophilicity of absorption oxygen, then passes through nucleophilic attack shape At O-OH species, O is further generated by the deprotonation of electrophilic inductive effect2.Charge delocalization turns to oxygen between cation Reversible adsorption provides donor-receptor chemisorption position, is conducive to OER catalysis reaction.In strong alkaline electrolytes, catalyst surface Oxide layer is formd in electrolytic process or surface hydroxide layer is actual active sites, more high conductivity under surface Fe adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical structure can speed up electrode and metal oxide or metal hydroxides shell Between electronics transfer.At the same time, the thin oxide shell layer in surface or hydroxide shell can stablize Fe as protective layer Adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical structure.The a large amount of solid solid interfaces being formed in situ promote the chemistry of oxygen and hydrogen intermediate to inhale It is attached, OER activity can not only be promoted and HER behavior can be promoted, to have excellent total moisture solution electrocatalysis characteristic.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses NaBH by simple chemical liquid phase reaction4It restores Se powder and forms Se2-Ion, with The Ni reaction of foam nickel surface generates NiSe seed, and under the coordination of ammonium hydroxide molecule, NiSe seed oriented growth obtains selenium Change nanosized nickel rods predecessor.Further ClO-Ion is by the Ni in NiSe2+Partial oxidation is at Ni3+, form Ni3Se4, nanometer rods portion Dissolution is divided to be epitaxially grown to a nanometer chip architecture, while Fe3+Ion is coupled into Ni3Se4In lattice, fabricated in situ Fe3+Ion The Ni of doping3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure.OER, HER and total moisture solution elctro-catalyst provided by the present invention The application of material, low with overpotential under high current density, stability is good and preparation process is environmental-friendly, simply, at low cost Honest and clean feature.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) of predecessor NiSe nanometer stick array structural material prepared by embodiment 1 Figure;
Fig. 2 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material X-ray powder Last diffraction (XRD) figure;
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) of predecessor NiSe nanometer stick array structural material prepared by embodiment 1 Figure;
Fig. 4 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material scanning electron Microscope (SEM) figure;
Fig. 5 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material energy dispersion X Ray (EDX) spectrum;
Fig. 6 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material transmitted electron Microscope (TEM) figure;
Fig. 7 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material high-resolution is brilliant Glazing bar line (HRTEM) image;
Fig. 8 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) that Fe prepared by comparative example 1 adulterates NiSe nanometer stick array structural material Figure;
Fig. 9 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4Prepared by nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure and comparative example 1 The OER polarization curve of Fe doping NiSe nanometer stick array structure.
Figure 10 is that Fe prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates Ni3Se4It is prepared by nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure and comparative example 1 Fe doping NiSe nanometer stick array structure HER polarization curve.
Figure 11 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 23Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material OER linear polarization Curve graph (illustration is the polarization curve under high current density);
Figure 12 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 23Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material OER current density Time plot;
Figure 13 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 23Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is swept under speed in difference Capacitance current figure;
Figure 14 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 23Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material impedance diagram;
Figure 15 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 33Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material HER linear polarization Curve graph (illustration is the polarization curve under high current density);
Figure 16 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 33Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material HER current density Time plot;
Figure 17 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 43Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is in two electrode systems The polarization curve of total moisture solution (illustration is the polarization curve under high current density);
Figure 18 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 43Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is in two electrode systems The current density time plot of total moisture solution;
Figure 19 is that Fe adulterates Ni in embodiment 53Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material dry electricity of one section 1.5V The figure (figure that illustration is the amplification of two electrodes) of pond driving.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Fe doping Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material preparation method, comprising the following steps:
(1) nickel foam (NF) that a piece of area is 2 × 3cm is put into 6M hydrochloric acid and impregnates 15min, then use deionized water It is respectively washed with dehydrated alcohol 3 times.It measures 15mL ammonium hydroxide to be added in 25mL deionized water, after mixing evenly, accurately weighs 1mmol Se powder and 2.5mmol NaBH4Above-mentioned mixed solution is added, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic, red tan solution is then transferred to 50mL Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) be liner stainless steel cauldron in, the nickel foam pre-processed is tiltedly put into solution, 120 DEG C bakings 8h is reacted in case.To cooled to room temperature after reaction, the nickel foam A that black sample is covered1With deionized water and nothing Water-ethanol respectively cleans 3 times, and obtained predecessor sample puts 60 DEG C of dry 10h in a vacuum drying oven.
(2) it first measures 40mL dehydrated alcohol to be added in clean small beaker, then pipettes 0.25mL liquor natrii hypochloritis addition In dehydrated alcohol, stir evenly;Weigh 1mmol Fe (NO3)3·9H2O is added above-mentioned mixed solution, after stirring and dissolving, by solution It is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron that 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is liner, then nickel foam A1It is tiltedly put into solution, at 140 DEG C 8h is reacted in baking oven.Cooled to room temperature after complete reaction will cover the nickel foam deionized water and anhydrous second of sample Alcohol respectively cleans 3 times, obtained sample A260 DEG C of dry 10h in a vacuum drying oven are put, Fe doping Ni can be obtained3Se4Nanometer Stick/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material.
The structure and morphology characterization of product:
Discriminating materials are carried out to 1 gained predecessor of embodiment and final product with X-ray powder diffraction instrument (XRD), respectively As shown in Figure 1, 2.Fig. 1 shows that predecessor is hexagonal phase NiSe (JCPDS no.75-0610) and orthorhombic phase NiSe (JCPDS No.29-0935 mixed phase).Fig. 2 shows diffraction maximum and monoclinic system Ni all on final product3Se4Coincide (JCPDS no.18-0890)。
Morphology analysis is carried out to 1 gained predecessor of embodiment and final product with scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively such as Fig. 3, shown in 4.Fig. 3 show predecessor be nanometer stick array structure, Fig. 4 show final sample be it is in the same size, be evenly distributed Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical structure.
Final product ingredient is analyzed using energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) spectrum.As shown in figure 5, the success of Fe element Ground is coupled in sample, is 4.6% according to the doping that atomic percent calculates Fe element.
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of final product as shown in fig. 6, show that the diameter of nanometer rods is 50-70nm, The lateral dimension of nanometer sheet is 180-200nm.
High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) image of final product as shown in fig. 7, interplanar distance is 0.22nm, Corresponding to Ni3Se4(211) crystal face.
Comparative example 1
(1) by 1mmol Se powder and 2.5mmol NaBH4It is dissolved in the mixed solution of 15mL ammonium hydroxide and 25mL deionized water In, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic, obtains solution A, solution A is then transferred to the stainless steel reaction that 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is liner In kettle, nickel foam inclination is placed in solution A, reacts 8h in 120 DEG C of baking ovens.To cooled to room temperature after reaction, The nickel foam A that black sample is covered1It is respectively cleaned 3 times with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, obtained predecessor sample is placed on very 60 DEG C of dry 10h in empty drying box;
(2) by 1mmol Fe (NO3)3·9H2O is dissolved in 40mL dehydrated alcohol, obtains solution B, then turns solution B It moves in the stainless steel cauldron that 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is liner, the nickel foam for having presoma prepared by step (1) is tiltedly put In solution B, 8h is reacted in 140 DEG C of baking ovens, to cooled to room temperature after reaction, washing, dry, obtained Fe doping NiSe nanometer stick array structural material.
Morphology analysis is carried out to 1 gained final product of comparative example with scanning electron microscope (SEM).Fig. 8 shows finally to produce Object is nanometer stick array structure.
Fig. 9 is that the Fe that embodiment 1 obtains adulterates Ni3Se4What nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure and comparative example 1 obtained The OER polarization curve of Fe doping NiSe nanometer stick array structure.Show that Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Sample adulterates NiSe sample better than Fe.
Figure 10 is that the Fe that embodiment 1 obtains adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure and comparative example 1 obtain Fe doping NiSe nanometer stick array structure OER polarization curve.Show that Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Sample adulterates NiSe sample better than Fe Product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Fe doping Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst Using.
Concrete application method are as follows: the Fe that usable floor area is 0.5 × 0.5cm adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array Structural material is as working electrode, with platinum filament and Ag/AgCl electrode respectively as to electrode and reference electrode.In 1.0M KOH electricity Electro-chemical test is carried out under room temperature (25 DEG C) using CHI760E electrochemical workstation in electrolyte solution.With business RuO2Load On the basis of electrode, compare OER performance.Using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in 2.0mVs-1Sweep speed and ohm compensate For 90% lower acquisition polarization curve.As shown in figure 11, Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure has significant OER activity, it is only necessary to 220mV low overpotential can reach 100mAcm-2Current density, respectively than NiSe nanometer rods (its For the presoma of step (1) preparation in embodiment 1) and business RuO2The overpotential of catalyst small 99mV and 73mV;In addition, Fe Adulterate Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure can reach under the fairly small overpotential of 253mV and 264mV 500mA·cm-2And 800mAcm-2High current density.The current density time graph of Figure 12 shows that Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer Stick/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure shows good stability under low, high current density, after the test of 11h, electricity Current density is held in 96.8% or more.Figure 13 is the different capacitance current figures swept under speed, shows that Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Electric double layer electricity Holding is 3.4mFcm-2, 1.9mFcm greater than NiSe-2, therefore Fe adulterates Ni3Se4With bigger electrochemical surface area. The bright Fe of electrochemical impedance (EIS) chart of Figure 14 adulterates Ni3Se4Half circular diameter of nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure is small, Straight slope is big, illustrates that its resistance is small, has faster catalytic kinetics.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Fe doping Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is as evolving hydrogen reaction (HER) catalyst Using.
Concrete application method are as follows: the Fe that usable floor area is 0.5 × 0.5cm adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array Structural material is as working electrode, with carbon-point and Ag/AgCl electrode respectively as to electrode and reference electrode.In 1.0M KOH electricity Electro-chemical test is carried out under room temperature (25 DEG C) using CHI760E electrochemical workstation in electrolyte solution.It is lied prostrate using linear scan Peace method (LSV) is in 2.0mVs-1Sweep speed and ohm compensation lower obtained for 90%.As shown in figure 15, Fe adulterates Ni3Se4 Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure has outstanding HER activity, it is only necessary to which the low potential of 153mV can reach 10mA cm-2Current density, better than the 182mV of NiSe nanometer rods.Although business Pt/C electrode has lower under low current density Overpotential, but at higher current densities, material easily falls off and influences activity.In addition, Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet Hierarchical array structure can reach 100mAcm under the fairly small overpotential of 233mV and 269mV-2And 500mAcm-2It is big Current density.The current density time graph of Figure 16 shows that Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure it is low, Excellent stability is all shown under high current density, after the test of 11h, current density is held in 96.2% or more.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Fe doping Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material reacts elctro-catalyst as total moisture solution Application.
Concrete application method are as follows: the Fe that 2 areas are 0.5 × 0.5cm is adulterated into Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet is classified battle array Array structure material in dual-electrode electrolysis slot, is tested complete respectively as cathode and anode assembling in 1.0M KOH electrolyte solution Water dispersible energy.Using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in 2.0mVs-1Sweep speed and ohm compensation lower obtained for 90% Polarization curve.As shown in figure 17, Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material has excellent electro-catalysis Total moisture solution activity, can reach 10mAcm under the voltage of 1.58V-2Current density, it is only necessary to the voltage energy of 1.94V Drive 500mAcm-2High current density.Although business RuO2With Pt/C composition electricity under low current density activity slightly Height, but 500mAcm is unable to reach because material easily falls off-2High current density.The current density time graph table of Figure 18 Bright Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structure shows good stability under low, high current density, After the test of 11h, current density is held in 93.5% or more.
Embodiment 5
By a kind of Fe doping Ni prepared by the present invention3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material be cut into 21 × 1cm size, in a cell respectively as cathode and anode assembling, electrolyte solution 1.0MKOH, with the dry electricity of a section 1.5V Pond drives its work, as a result as shown in figure 19.It can continue to generate bubble on two electrodes, it was demonstrated that Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/ Nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material can be used low-voltage and persistently drive total moisture solution.
It is above-mentioned that four three nanosized nickel rods of selenizing/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material, system are adulterated to a kind of Fe referring to embodiment The detailed description that Preparation Method and its application carry out, is illustrative without being restrictive, can enumerate according to limited range Several embodiments, therefore the change and modification in the case where not departing from present general inventive concept, should belong to protection scope of the present invention it It is interior.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Fe adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material preparation method, which is characterized in that described Preparation method the following steps are included:
(1) Se powder and reducing agent are dissolved in ammonium hydroxide and the mixed solution of deionized water, ultrasonic agitation obtains solution A, then Solution A is transferred in reaction kettle, nickel foam inclination is placed in solution A, is sealed, heating reaction, to natural after reaction It is cooled to room temperature, washs, dries, the nickel foam for having presoma is made;
(2) by iron salt dissolved in ethyl alcohol and the mixed solution of NaClO, solution B is obtained, solution B is then transferred to reaction kettle In, step (1) prepare the nickel foam for having presoma be tiltedly placed in solution B, sealing, heating reaction, to after reaction from It is so cooled to room temperature, washs, dries, Fe is made and adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the substance of the Se powder and reducing agent The ratio between amount be 1:2.3-2.8.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reducing agent is NaBH4;The molysite is Fe (NO3)3·9H2O。
4. preparation method according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that in step (1), the ammonium hydroxide and go The volume ratio of ionized water is 5-15:35-25;Concentration of the selenium powder in solution A is 20-30mM.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that in step (1), the heating reaction Condition be 120 DEG C at react 8-12h.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that in step (2), the molysite is molten Concentration in liquid B is 20-30mM.
7. preparation method according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that in step (2), the ethyl alcohol and The ratio between volume of NaClO is 150~180:1.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the condition of the heating reaction is 4-8h is reacted at 140 DEG C.
9. a kind of Fe that the preparation method as described in claim 1-8 any one is prepared adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer Piece hierarchical array structural material.
10. Fe according to claim 9 adulterates Ni3Se4Nanometer rods/nanometer sheet hierarchical array structural material is anti-as analysis oxygen The application for the elctro-catalyst for answering (OER) or evolving hydrogen reaction (HER) or total moisture solution to react.
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