CN110278163B - Method for airborne information processing and organization transmission of unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
Method for airborne information processing and organization transmission of unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for airborne information processing and organization transmission of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) The method adopts a terminal bandwidth constraint mode to serve as a basis for time-sharing transmission and data compression processing of various data, and simultaneously adopts an H.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression mode for providing input (2) for data compression processing, and adopts a reasonable compression mode for processing different data types; (3) A feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the data flow is dynamically adjusted; (4) Decomposing data into elements for transmission in a data transmission process by adopting an information decomposition mode; (5) And transmitting various data in a time-sharing transmission mode by using a link in a time-sharing way according to a bandwidth allocation strategy. The information processing and organizing method disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the real-time performance and the high efficiency of information transmission between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground station through means of terminal bandwidth constraint, data hybrid compression, a feedback mechanism, information decomposition, time-sharing transmission and the like.
Description
Field of the invention
The invention relates to a method for processing information and organizing transmission in the field of wireless data transmission and the field of unmanned aerial vehicle avionics.
Background
Along with the development of the times, unmanned aerial vehicles play more and more important roles in various fields, particularly in the military field, and have natural advantages in executing battle activities such as intelligence reconnaissance monitoring and batting. The key of unmanned aerial vehicle executive mission lies in advanced mission load, because these mission load can real-time transport service information to make the fighter can know the battlefield situation better, but the current situation of unmanned aerial vehicle airborne equipment of analysis still sees the phenomenon of developing the imbalance very easily: the unmanned aerial vehicle platform can carry more and more tasks, for example, a visible light CCD camera, a multi (high, super) spectrum camera, an infrared camera, a photoelectric reconnaissance aiming device, a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and the like, the detection fineness is higher and higher, and the generated data volume is larger and larger; however, the current wireless transmission mainly comprises a satellite communication link and a sight distance link, is limited by factors such as limited satellite resources and terrain shielding, and still uses a large amount of smaller transmission bandwidth in practical application, so that data detected by a task load encounters a bottleneck in ground transmission, how to solve the contradiction is to transmit information detected by a multi-task load to a ground station in real time and in high quality, and the problem is faced in many types of projects at present. The traditional mode that adopts fixed compression ratio, single compression algorithm, big data frame transmission etc. can't obtain better transmission real-time and data quality in using, and there is the overflow phenomenon in the data transmission process, hardly satisfies the requirement of data processing and ground use in the unmanned aerial vehicle avionics task system.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to provide an information processing and organization transmission method suitable for the field of avionic tasks of unmanned aerial vehicles, aiming at solving the problem that the existing satellite communication wireless transmission bandwidth cannot meet the real-time and efficient transmission of airborne task information of the unmanned aerial vehicles. The information processing and organizing method disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the real-time performance and the high efficiency of information transmission between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground station through means of terminal bandwidth constraint, data hybrid compression, a feedback mechanism, information decomposition, time-sharing transmission and the like. The invention aims to provide a method for information processing and organization transmission in the field of unmanned aerial vehicle avionics tasks, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Technical scheme
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for airborne information processing and organization transmission of an unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized in that an unmanned aerial vehicle system is built, and connection between a task load and an information processing unit and a satellite-based communication link is established; the task load comprises an SAR radar, photoelectric equipment and electronic reconnaissance equipment, and the parts are information sources; an information processing unit, which completes information collection, processing, organization and transmission; the satellite communication link is wireless transmission equipment; the specific airborne information processing and organization transmission of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the following steps:
(1) A terminal bandwidth constraint mode is adopted to serve as a basis for time-sharing transmission and data compression processing of various data, and meanwhile, input is provided for data compression processing;
(2) Adopting a H.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression mode to process different data types in a reasonable compression mode;
(3) A feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the data flow is dynamically adjusted;
(4) Decomposing data into elements for transmission in a data transmission process by adopting an information decomposition mode;
(5) And transmitting various types of data by utilizing a link in a time-sharing transmission mode according to a bandwidth allocation strategy.
Preferably, in the manner of end bandwidth constraint, the specific steps of performing end bandwidth fixed frequency constraint output on the received information by the information processing unit are as follows:
setting a satellite-based communication wireless transmission bandwidth and data sent by a task load, allocating an output bandwidth to each data to be processed and transmitted, and adjusting a compression rate and an output frequency according to the output bandwidth, wherein the following relations exist:
wherein M is k Representing the bandwidth value allocated to the kth data and a representing the link bandwidth value, for the incompressible data the allocated bandwidth should not be less than its original size.
Preferably, the information processing unit is divided into a data organization module and a compression processing module, wherein the compression processing module allocates bandwidth according to each data, compresses the input data, and realizes that the compression processing module outputs the data amount of each data as the allocated bandwidth value, and transmits the bandwidth value to the data organization module by taking a frame as a unit; and after receiving the data of one frame, the data organization module sends the data to the satellite communication link.
Preferably, in a way of h.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression, the specific method for processing different data types is as follows: compressing the data of the video class by using an H.264 algorithm; and compressing the image data by adopting a JPEG2000 algorithm. A feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the data flow is dynamically adjusted;
preferably, a feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the specific steps of dynamically adjusting the data flow are as follows: a feedback signal is added in a buffer area behind the compression processing module, when the compressed data amount exceeds a set value due to the change of the visual scene, the data organization module cannot take away the data in the buffer area in time, so that a high threshold value and a low threshold value can be set, when the data amount in the buffer area exceeds the high threshold value, the feedback signal is triggered, and when the compression processing module receives the feedback signal, the compression parameter is adjusted; and if the data volume in the buffer area is lower than the low threshold value, the compression processing module works according to the reference compression parameters.
Preferably, the specific manner of information decomposition is as follows:
setting a transmitting base number, calculating the proportional relation of each data through the allocated bandwidth during actual transmission, and then transmitting by the multiple of the transmitting base number.
Preferably, the specific steps of using the time-sharing transmission mode include transmitting various types of data by using a link in a time-sharing manner according to a bandwidth allocation strategy; the compression processing module distributes bandwidth according to each data, compresses the input data, realizes that the data volume of each kind of data output by the compression processing module is a distributed bandwidth value, and transmits the data to the data organization module by taking a frame as a unit; after receiving a frame of data, the data organization module divides the frame of data into a plurality of data packets by taking a sending base number as a unit, sends various types of data according to the bandwidth proportion, and can realize smooth data processing and transmission processes in the information processing unit.
Preferably, in the data organization module, the sending buffer sends data outwards at a fixed code rate, the data organization module writes data to the sending buffer in a circulating manner according to the proportion of bandwidth allocation, and the writing operation is suspended when the sending buffer is full; the cache has idle recovery write operations.
Effects of the invention
By using the method for processing the airborne information and organizing the transmission of the unmanned aerial vehicle, firstly, a basis is provided for time-sharing transmission and data compression processing of various data based on a terminal bandwidth constraint mode, the utilization rate of wireless bandwidth is improved, and meanwhile, input is provided for data compression processing; then, a H.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression mode is adopted, different compression modes are adopted for different data types, and the effectiveness of data processing is improved on the whole; meanwhile, a feedback mechanism adopted in the information internal processing process can effectively avoid the problem of data super-bandwidth generated by data compression, and solve the problem of data loss caused by wireless transmission data overflow; in addition, an information decomposition mode is adopted, data are decomposed into elements in the data transmission process, and the transmission instantaneity can be effectively improved by transmission in the element mode; and finally, transmitting various data in a time-sharing transmission mode by utilizing a link according to a bandwidth allocation strategy, so as to realize the effect of parallel transmission. The using method brings huge use values to the transmission of airborne information of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the information use of the ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the information acquisition and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system connection diagram.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of external interface data of the information processing unit.
Fig. 3 is an internal schematic diagram of the information processing unit.
FIG. 4 is a logic diagram of data compression processing.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a feedback mechanism.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of data organization and transmission.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of parallel data processing and transmission effects under a 2M link bandwidth.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
(1) And (3) system construction, namely connecting the task load, the information processing unit and the satellite communication link (as shown in figure 1). The task load comprises an SAR radar, photoelectric equipment and electronic reconnaissance equipment, and the parts are information sources; the information processing unit is used for completing information acquisition, processing, organization and transmission; the satellite communication link is wireless transmission equipment.
(2) A method for airborne information processing and organization transmission of an unmanned aerial vehicle specifically comprises the following steps:
(3) A terminal bandwidth constraint mode is adopted to provide a basis for time-sharing transmission and data compression processing of various data, and meanwhile, input is provided for data compression processing;
the information processing unit external interface is shown in fig. 2.
Setting a satellite communication wireless transmission bandwidth and data sent by a task load, allocating an output bandwidth to each data to be processed and transmitted, and adjusting the compression rate and the output frequency according to the output bandwidth. The following relationships exist:
wherein M is k Indicates the bandwidth value allocated to the kth data, and a indicates the link bandwidth value. It should be noted that for incompressible data, the allocated bandwidth should be no less than its original size.
Based on the processing mode, the information processing unit is divided into a data organization module and a compression processing module, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the compression processing module compresses the input data according to "bandwidth allocation of each data", so that the data amount of each data output by the compression processing module is an allocated bandwidth value, and the data amount is transmitted to the data organization module by taking a frame as a unit; and after receiving the data of one frame, the data organization module sends the data to the satellite communication link.
(4) Adopting a H.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression mode to process different data types in a reasonable compression mode;
because the data generated by the task load comprises image types and video types, the information processing unit adopts different processing modes for different data types according to the type identification of each type of data, and compresses the data of the video type by using an H.264 algorithm; and compressing the image data by adopting a JPEG2000 algorithm. A dataflow diagram is shown in fig. 4.
(5) A feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the data flow is dynamically adjusted;
in fact, during the use process, due to factors such as scene change, the amount of data output by the compression processing module often exceeds the set bandwidth value, which may result in two possible phenomena:
a) If the buffer area in the data organization module is larger, the exceeding data can be cached, so that the data transmission has a delay effect;
b) If the buffer area in the data organization module is small, the excess data will overflow, resulting in data loss.
Obviously, both phenomena cannot meet the actual use requirements, and the root of the problem phenomenon is that the compression processing module fixes compression related parameters after receiving the result of bandwidth allocation, and cannot respond to the influence caused by the change of the view. Therefore, a feedback measure needs to be taken for the compression processing module, the principle is shown in fig. 5, where a feedback signal is added to the compression processing module, when the compressed data amount exceeds a set value due to a view change, the data organization module cannot take away the data in the buffer area in time, so that a high threshold value and a low threshold value can be set, and when the data amount in the buffer area exceeds the high threshold value, the feedback signal is triggered. When receiving the feedback signal, the compression processing module adjusts the compression parameters, such as increasing the compression ratio and decreasing the frame rate, so as to decrease the size of the compressed data. And if the data volume in the buffer area is lower than the low threshold value, the compression processing module works according to the reference compression parameters.
(6) Decomposing data into elements for transmission in a data transmission process by adopting an information decomposition mode;
setting a transmitting base number, calculating the proportional relation of each data through the allocated bandwidth during actual transmission, and transmitting by the multiple of the transmitting base number.
(7) And transmitting various types of data by utilizing a link in a time-sharing transmission mode according to a bandwidth allocation strategy.
Comparing with the schematic diagram 3, wherein the compression processing module compresses the input data according to the "bandwidth allocation of each data", so that the data amount of each data output by the compression processing module is the allocated bandwidth value, and the data is transmitted to the data organization module by taking a frame as a unit; after receiving a frame of data, the data organization module divides the data into a plurality of data packets by taking the sending base number as a unit, and sends various data according to the bandwidth proportion, so that the smooth data processing and transmission process can be realized in the information processing unit.
As shown in fig. 6, the internal logic diagram of the data organization module sends data to the sending buffer at a fixed code rate, the data organization module circularly writes data to the sending buffer according to the proportion of bandwidth allocation, and the writing operation is suspended when the sending buffer is full; the cache has idle recovery write operations.
The task load, the information processing unit and the satellite communication link can adopt a simulator form;
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples
In this embodiment, the data sent by the selected task load is as follows:
SAR image, 1fps, image size: 1000 × 26000 (pixel);
visible video, 30fps, image size per frame: 1920 x 1080;
infrared video: 30fps, and the image size of each frame is: 640X 512;
electronic scout data: the data volume is 0.1Mbps;
setting the bandwidth of a satellite communication link to be 2Mbps;
first, each data bandwidth is allocated as follows:
SAR image: 0.5Mbps;
visible light video: 0.8Mbps;
infrared video: 0.5Mbps;
electronic scout data: 0.1Mbps;
then, the SAR image is set to be compressed in a JPEG2000 mode, the visible light video and the infrared video are compressed in an H.264 mode, and the electronic reconnaissance data are not compressed; the dynamic buffer size for feedback is set to 5 frames of images.
Finally, the primitive size of data transmission is set to 1KB, and according to the result of bandwidth allocation, 8KB of visible light video, 5KB of infrared video, and 5KB of SAR images are transmitted without transmitting 1KB of electronic scout data. The actual effect of receiving data of the satellite communication link through the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station and analyzing and checking data transmission is shown in fig. 7.
Experimental results show that by using the method for processing and organizing the airborne information of the unmanned aerial vehicle, firstly, a basis is provided for time-sharing transmission and data compression processing of various data based on a terminal bandwidth constraint mode, the utilization rate of wireless bandwidth is improved, and meanwhile, input is provided for data compression processing; then, a H.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression mode is adopted, different compression modes are adopted for different data types, and the effectiveness of data processing is improved on the whole; meanwhile, a feedback mechanism adopted in the information internal processing process can effectively avoid the problem of data super-bandwidth generated by data compression, and solve the problem of data loss caused by wireless transmission data overflow; in addition, an information decomposition mode is adopted, data are decomposed into elements in the data transmission process, and the transmission instantaneity can be effectively improved by transmission in the element mode; and finally, transmitting various data in a time-sharing transmission mode by utilizing a link according to a bandwidth allocation strategy, so as to realize the effect of parallel transmission. The using method brings huge use values to the transmission of the airborne information of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the information use of the ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the information acquisition and the like.
Claims (5)
1. A method for airborne information processing and organization transmission of an unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized in that: the unmanned aerial vehicle system is built, and connection between a task load and an information processing unit and a satellite communication link is built; the task load comprises an SAR radar, photoelectric equipment and electronic reconnaissance equipment, and the parts are information sources; an information processing unit, which completes information collection, processing, organization and transmission; the satellite communication link is wireless transmission equipment; the airborne information processing and organization transmission of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the following steps:
(1) A terminal bandwidth constraint mode is adopted to provide a basis for time-sharing transmission and data compression processing of various data, and meanwhile, input is provided for data compression processing;
(2) Adopting a H.264 and JPEG2000 mixed compression mode to process different data types in a reasonable compression mode;
(3) A feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the data flow is dynamically adjusted;
(4) Decomposing data into elements for transmission in a data transmission process by adopting an information decomposition mode;
(5) Transmitting various data in a time-sharing transmission mode by utilizing a link in a time-sharing manner according to a bandwidth allocation strategy;
the specific steps of the information processing unit performing the terminal bandwidth fixed frequency constraint output on the received information by adopting the terminal bandwidth constraint mode are as follows:
setting satellite communication wireless transmission bandwidth and data sent by task load, allocating an output bandwidth to each data to be processed and transmitted, and adjusting compression rate and output frequency according to the output bandwidth, wherein the following relations exist:
wherein M is k Representing the bandwidth value allocated to the kth data, A representing the link bandwidth value, and for the incompressible data, the allocated bandwidth should not be smaller than the original size;
the information processing unit is divided into a data organization module and a compression processing module, wherein the compression processing module distributes bandwidth according to each data, compresses the input data, realizes that the data volume of each kind of data output by the compression processing module is a distributed bandwidth value, and transmits the bandwidth value to the data organization module by taking a frame as a unit; after receiving a frame of data, the data organization module sends the data to the satellite communication link;
a feedback mechanism is adopted in the information internal processing and transmission process, and the specific steps of dynamically adjusting the data flow are as follows: adding a feedback signal to a buffer area behind the compression processing module, setting a high threshold value and a low threshold value, triggering the feedback signal when the data volume in the buffer area exceeds the high threshold value, and adjusting the compression parameter when the compression processing module receives the feedback signal; and if the data amount in the buffer area is lower than the low threshold value, the compression processing module works according to the reference compression parameters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein data for the video class is compressed using an h.264 algorithm; and compressing the image data by adopting a JPEG2000 algorithm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the information decomposition is performed in the following manner: setting a transmission base number, calculating the proportional relation of each data through the allocated bandwidth during actual transmission, and then transmitting by the multiple of the transmission base number.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of utilizing the time-sharing transmission method comprises the steps of transmitting various types of data by utilizing a link in a time-sharing manner according to a bandwidth allocation strategy; the compression processing module distributes bandwidth according to each data, compresses the input data, realizes that the data volume of each kind of data output by the compression processing module is a distributed bandwidth value, and transmits the data to the data organization module by taking a frame as a unit; after receiving a frame of data, the data organization module divides the frame of data into a plurality of data packets by taking a sending base number as a unit, sends various types of data according to the bandwidth proportion, and can realize smooth data processing and transmission processes in the information processing unit.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in the data organization module, the sending buffer sends data outwards at a fixed code rate, the data organization module writes data to the sending buffer in a cycle according to the proportion of bandwidth allocation, and the writing operation is suspended when the sending buffer is full; the cache has free to resume write operations.
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