CN110277798A - A kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter - Google Patents
A kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under static (α β) coordinate system: firstly, using the direct calculating current reference instruction of instantaneous power and compared with inverter side electric current；Secondly, introducing trapper F in calculating current reference instruction(s)To eliminate influence of the power grid offset to filtering；Inverter is controlled finally, generating modulating wave by PIR controller and SVPWM under α β coordinate.The optimal control method not only can simplify coordinate transform and decoupling computation work, but also can reduce calculation amount brought by positive sequence voltage/current separation process, the complexity of simplified partial system under rotation (dq) coordinate system.Meanwhile rejection ability to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output harmonic wave is also improved, reduce the total harmonic distortion factor of grid-connected inverters electric current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic combining inverter control technology fields, are based on LCL type photovoltaic more particularly, to one kind
The PIR optimal control method of inverter.
Background technique
Photovoltaic power generation has become one of the new energy of people's extensive concern and application, and gird-connected inverter is sent out as photovoltaic
The important electricity interface that electricity networks, there are grid-connected voltage imbalance, low-order harmonic, causes under synchronous rotating frame
Export electric current occur Severe distortion problem, conventional method be select LCL type three-phase photovoltaic inverter rotating coordinate system under PI,
PR, Repetitive Control, to reach the inhibition to harmonic current.But individually PI, PR, Repetitive Control are difficult simultaneously
Meet the dynamic property of system and the requirement of stability, and the coordinate transform under rotating coordinate system is compared with decoupling computation
It is complicated.Meanwhile certain methods need phaselocked loop and separate to voltage/current is positive and negative, and coordinate transform is cumbersome, and
Calculation amount is larger, increases difficulty in computation.
Therefore, how to simplify the complexity of system and inhibit harmonic wave, while improving output current quality is art technology
The problem of personnel's urgent need to resolve.
Currently, the mainstream of grid-connected current controls proportional (PI) control, resonance (PR) control and ratio resonance (PIR) control
System etc., the controller of development are also widely used in power network harmonic wave management field: " protecting electrical power system and the control of the 17th phase in 2012
System " in " research of LCL gird-connected inverter New type of current double-loop control strategy " and " electrical measurement and the instrument " of the 21st phase in 2014
" the improvement PR control strategy research based on LCL type three-phase grid-connected inverter " proposes novel grid-connected inverter current two close cycles control
System strategy realizes the high performance control to grid-connected current using repetition PR Compound Control Strategy, but to high-frequency signal inhibitory effect
It is not fine；" photovoltaic inverter grid-connected current harmonics suppressing method " is controlled using PI in 9th phases " Electrified Transmission " in 2018
Method proposes that combined harmonic inhibits strategy, can inhibit the low-order harmonic of grid-connected current to a certain degree, reduces steady-state error, but
Algorithmic procedure is comparatively laborious；" the IEEEInternationalConference onApplied Super of 6th phase in 2015
Conductivity and Electro-magnetic Devices " in " Grid-connected photovoltaic
Systemusing compoundcurrent control ofthe novel repetitive andPI " use limited arteries and veins
Responding digital filter is rushed as repetitive controller, and efficiently uses PI control technology, effectively inhibits current harmonics, but
High frequency treatment will appear distortion phenomenon；In 9th phase in 2012 " IEEETransactions on Power Electronics "
《Enhanced Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controller for
Unbalanced GridVoltage Conditions " and the 21st phase in 2014 " electrical measurement and instrument " in " one kind be suitable for not
Modified control strategy research under balance grid condition " performance that analyzes double synchronous (DSRF) controllers, in dq
It combines conventional PI control to obtain the output electric current of three-phase equilibrium under coordinate system, but needs divide positive and negative to voltage/current
From, and calculation amount is larger；" photovoltaic is simultaneously under unbalanced electric grid voltage in 23rd phases " electric power system protection and control " in 2016
Net inverter sliding formwork direct voltage/power control strategy " it proposes to be based on sliding formwork control, to eliminate negative-sequence current as control target
Improvement direct voltage/power control strategy, but also need phaselocked loop and separated to voltage/current is positive and negative, and sit
Mark transformation is cumbersome, increases difficulty in computation.
The above method is all to realize in ideal conditions, and coordinate transform is cumbersome, increases difficulty in computation, in practical electricity
In being applied under net Voltage unbalance, the networking electric current of usual photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can occur asymmetrical three-phase, harmonic content increase with
And the problem of electric current fluctuates is exported, slight or serious current distortion problem is still resulted in, so that output electric current matter
It measures poor.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of based on LCL type photovoltaic for prior art deficiency and defect
The PIR optimal control method of inverter.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, comprising the following steps:
The three-phase electricity flow valuve and power grid three-phase voltage value that S1, acquisition inverter side inductance export, and converted by Clark
The current actual value i under α β coordinate system is obtained afterwardslαWith ilβ, grid-connected voltage actual value ugαWith ugβ；
Accordingly result is calculated by instantaneous power formula in S2, the current signal that will acquire current inner loop, and as simultaneously
The current reference value i of net inverter outputα-refWith iβ-ref, and with current actual value ilαWith ilβCompare, obtains current error value
iψWith
S3, by current error value iψWithPIR controller made of input is improved in conjunction with PR controller as PI controller
In, obtain output control amount uεWith uη；
The three-phase voltage value that S4, acquisition capacitive side export, and the capacitor under α β coordinate system is obtained after Clark is converted
Voltage actual value ucαWith ucβ；
S5, control amount and grid-connected voltage actual value ugαWith ugβAnd the capacitance voltage actual value u gotcαWith ucβIt compares
The practical control amount for relatively obtaining net-connected controller obtains u by anti-Clark inverse transformationabc, tune is generated finally by SVPWM
Wave processed, controls gird-connected inverter with reaching.
Further, gird-connected inverter state space equation under step S1 two-phase stationary coordinate system are as follows:
Wherein, r=α, β, LlAnd LgFor inverter side and grid side inductance, ugFor three-phase voltage, ekFor the three-phase of power grid
Each phase voltage, C are capacitor, ucFor capacitance voltage, wherein k=a, b, c.
Further, the open loop of LCL type filter under two-phase stationary coordinate system can be obtained based on the state space equation
Transmission function are as follows:
At this point, system resonance angular frequency can be obtained are as follows:
Similarly, if not considering filter capacitor, single inductance L-type filter can be obtained are as follows:
Wherein, L=Ll+Lg。
Further, the current reference value i that step S2 is exported based on instantaneous power principle gird-connected inverterα-refWith iβ-ref
Are as follows:
Wherein, F(s)=(s2+w)/(s2+as+w2), w=314rad/s, m=2.5t-0.5, m are that current reference adjusts system
Number, range are 0≤m≤1.
Existing unmodified PIR is obtained using traditional PI and PR controller in step S3, it is usually used at this time
PR and PIR function are as follows:
Still further, follow-on PIR controller can be designed according to step S3:
Wherein,N=2n+1, ζ=0.0001.
Still further, a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter set forth above, feature
It is, the modified PIR controller design, in systems 1,3,5,7 subwaves, that is, 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 350Hz open loop
Transmission function Gopen(S)And the transmission function G under grid disturbancerd(S)With closed loop transfer function, Gclose(S)It is respectively as follows:
Gopen(S)=GPIR(S)Gd(S)GLCL(S)
Wherein, Gd(s)=Udc/ (Ts+1), T are inverter switching frequency.
The invention has the benefit that
1, the present invention simplifies traditional approach and exists by applying the PIR controller based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
Under dq coordinate system, complicated coordinate transform and decoupling computation process.
2, The present invention reduces calculation amounts brought by positive sequence voltage under dq coordinate system/current separation process, can part letter
The complexity of change system.Meanwhile rejection ability to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output harmonic wave is also improved, it reduces to a certain extent
The total harmonic distortion factor of grid-connected inverters electric current.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is three-phase LCL type gird-connected inverter topology diagram；
Fig. 2 is LCL type filter model block diagram under α β coordinate system；
Fig. 3 is the Bode diagram of L-type and LCL type filter transfer function；
Fig. 4 is LCL type photovoltaic inverter grid-connected control structure frame diagram under α β coordinate system；
Fig. 5 is active and reactive power with m value change curve；
Fig. 6 is tradition PR and does not improve PIR Bode diagram；
Fig. 7 is transmission function and closed loop transmitting under the open-loop transfer function and grid disturbance of 1,3,5,7 subwaves in system
Function Bode diagram；
Fig. 8 is unbalanced electric grid voltage waveform diagram；
Fig. 9 is power waveform figure under unbalanced electric grid voltage；
Figure 10 is that the lower tradition PR of dq system controls lower grid-connected current figure；
Figure 11 is that the lower tradition PR of dq system controls lower A phase grid-connected current harmonic content figure；
Figure 12 is not improve PIR under α β system to control lower grid-connected current figure；
Figure 13 is not improve PR under α β system to control lower A phase grid-connected current harmonic content figure；
Figure 14 is that the lower modified PIR of α β system controls lower grid-connected current figure；
Figure 15 is that the lower modified PIR of α β system controls lower A phase grid-connected current harmonic content figure；
Table 1 is system emulation parameter value table；
Table 2 is tradition PR, does not improve PIR and improve the PIR controller grid-connected current amplitude Mag and total THD of waveform and compare
Table.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
A kind of PIR Optimal Control Strategy based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is present embodiments provided, i.e., in static coordinate
The lower control characteristic for combining both traditional PI and PR controller of system, improves existing PIR controller.Firstly, utilizing wink
When the direct calculating current reference instruction of power and compared with inverter side electric current；Secondly it introduces and draws in calculating current reference instruction
Enter trapper to eliminate influence of the power grid offset to filtering；SVPWM, this mistake are finally realized by PIR controller under α β coordinate
The calculating of Cheng Wuxu phaselocked loop and the separation of voltage and current positive-negative sequence, reduces computation complexity compared with dq coordinate to a certain degree.
This solution simplifies coordinate transforms and decoupling computation, and improve the rejection ability to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output current harmonics,
Reduce the total harmonic distortion factor of grid-connected current.Finally, passing through the simulating, verifying validity of theory analysis and control strategy.
In this example, the dead resistance on inverter side and grid side route is ignored herein, wherein LlAnd LgIt is inverse
Become device side and grid side inductance, ugFor three-phase voltage, ekFor each phase voltage of three-phase of power grid, C is capacitor, ucFor capacitance voltage,
Wherein k=a, b, c.Its topological structure is as shown in Figure 1, can obtain state inverter model under static coordinate by Fig. 1 are as follows:
Wherein r=α, β.LCL type filter model block diagram is based on as shown in Fig. 2, can acquire under rest frame at this time
Transmission function between LCL type photovoltaic inverter grid-connected electric current and output voltage are as follows:
At this point, system resonance angular frequency can be obtained are as follows:
Similarly, if not considering filter capacitor, single inductance L-type filter can be obtained are as follows:
Wherein, L=Ll+Lg.As shown in figure 3, corresponding L-type and LCL type filter transfer function can be obtained using MATLAB
Bode diagram, it is known that it is almost the same in the gain of both low-frequency ranges signal as L and suitable LCL type filter inductance value；And
In high band, LCL type filter attenuation speed becomes faster, and becomes -60 dB/dec, and L-type filter attenuation speed is constant, still for -
20dB/dec.Therefore LCL filter has more significant attenuating to high-frequency signal relative to L-type filter.
As shown in figure 4, LCL type photovoltaic inverter grid-connected control structure frame, optimization under α β coordinate system in the present embodiment
System control strategy specifically:
The voltage and current of three phase network is converted, by Clark to obtain the voltage u in α β coordinateαβWith magnitude of current iαβ。
Current reference value i is sought using instantaneous powerαβ-refAnd with power grid feedback current iαβIt makes comparisons, is controlled by designing improved PIR
Device processed generates uαβ-ref, and with network voltage feedback interference compensation term uαβWith capacitive side voltage ucαβCompare, to reduce system control
Error caused by device processed influences.Finally, the transformed control amount of anti-Clark is carried out sampling and arteries and veins by updating delay link
Width modulation, and stability contorting is carried out to gird-connected inverter.
It is sought below from interior current reference value, the design of tradition PR and PIR controller, PIR controller optimization design are to system
It is whole to carry out.
(i) current reference value is sought meeting following mathematical relationship in:
Wherein, F(s)=(s2+w2)/(s2+as+w2), w=314rad/s, m=2.5t-0.5, m are current reference adjusting
Coefficient, range are 0≤m≤1；
If if grid-connected P, Q fluctuation is smaller in (i) when m=1；When m=0, grid-connected P, Q have fluctuation and it is larger；When 0 < m < 1,
In between the two.Therefore need to select suitable m according to the actual situation, as can be seen from FIG. 5, when time t=0.5s, select at this time
The current reference adjustment factor m most preferably 0.75 selected.
(ii) tradition PR and PIR controller design
Now tradition PR and PIR controller usually use proportion of utilization K at presentP, integral KiWith improper integral link KrTo realize
Adjusting to grid-connected current, Bode diagram as shown in fig. 6, usually PR and PIR transmission function are as follows:
(iii) PIR controller optimization design
The PI controller and PR controller that the present embodiment combines tracking direct current signal relatively good are further to PIR controller
It optimizes, obtains transmission function are as follows:
(iv) after PIR obtains improvement, in systems 1,3,5,7 subwaves, that is, 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 350 Hz open loops
Transmission function Gopen(S)And the transmission function G under grid disturbancerd(S)With closed loop transfer function, Gclose(S)It is respectively as follows:
Gopen(S)=GPIR(S)Gd(S)GLCL(S)
Wherein, Gd(s)=Udc/ (Ts+1), T are inverter switching frequency.At this point, system closed loop amplitude-frequency characteristic is unit increasing
Benefit, phase-frequency characteristic are zero phase-shift, and relatively good control performance may be implemented.Corresponding Bode diagram is as shown in Figure 7.
The present embodiment optimizes the PIR in text based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in MATLAB/Simulink simulation software
Control method carries out building simulation model, and system emulation parameter value is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Grid-connected voltage current vs' simulation result of system is as shown in Fig. 8~15.Wherein figure is 8~9 unbalanced power grids electricity
Networking voltage and power waveform are depressed, after Figure 10~15 are different controls and improve under PIR control, grid-connected current waveform and A
Phase grid-connected current harmonic content.As shown in figure 9, after 0.3 time changing is active with reactive power reference, grid-connected current hair
Raw mutation, obtains the simulation result of Fig. 8~15, in which:
(i) Figure 10~11 are under rotating coordinate system using the grid-connected current waveform of tradition PR control and the reality of harmonic content
Test analogous diagram.Shown that traditional PR has been used to control in rotating coordinate system by simulation result, A phase grid-connected current harmonic content is
6.35%, total harmonic distortion factor is higher, higher than the 5% of Grid-connection standards.
(ii) Figure 12~13 are under rest frame using unmodified PIR, that is, general PIR control grid-connected current waveform
And the experiment simulation figure of harmonic content.Shown to use unmodified PIR control strategy under rest frame by simulation result
Optimizing design scheme in, A phase grid-connected current harmonic content be 4.54%, total harmonic distortion factor is relative in rotating coordinate system
It has used traditional PR control method smaller, lower than the 5% of Grid-connection standards, as shown in figure 13, has met the requirement of Grid-connection standards.
(iii) Figure 14~15 are under rest frame using the grid-connected current waveform and harmonic content of improved PIR control
Experiment simulation figure.Shown that it is grid-connected to obtain A phase using improved PIR control strategy under rest frame by simulation result
Current harmonic content is only 1.51%, and total harmonic distortion factor is relative to having used traditional PR control and static in rotating coordinate system
It is all small using unmodified PIR control strategy method under coordinate system, far below the 5% of Grid-connection standards, as shown in figure 15, meet
The grid-connected requirement of this example.
(iv) table 2 is that grid-connected current amplitude Mag (unit A) and the total THD of waveform compares under each phase voltage of unbalanced power grid
(result is percentage) controls each phase grid-connected current harmonic wave using improved PIR under rest frame as can be seen from the table
Content is below the above two.Therefore the Optimal Control Strategy has good validity and feasibility.
Table 2
To sum up, the present invention proposes a kind of Optimal Control Strategy side PIR based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under rest frame
Case analyzes the PIR Optimal Control Strategy based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, realizes photovoltaic inversion under unbalanced power grid
The coordinated control of device power and power quality.The strategy not only simplifies coordinate transform and decoupling calculating process, while also more preferable
Ground inhibits harmonic wave to improve grid-connected current quality to the influence of grid-connected current quality.Retain simultaneously in improved PIR
The advantages of traditional PI and PR controller, grid-connected current THD under Voltage unbalance is reduced to a certain extent, improve
The dynamic property stability of system.
Example described above is only to absolutely prove preferred embodiment that is of the invention and being lifted, protection model of the invention
It encloses without being limited thereto.Those skilled in the art's made equivalent substitute or transformation on the basis of the present invention, in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, which comprises the following steps:
The three-phase electricity flow valuve and power grid three-phase voltage value that S1, acquisition inverter side inductance export, and obtained after Clark is converted
Current actual value i under α β coordinate systemlαWith ilβ, grid-connected voltage actual value ugαWith ugβ；
Accordingly result is calculated by instantaneous power formula in S2, the current signal that will acquire current inner loop, and as grid-connected inverse
Become the current reference value i of device outputα-refWith iβ-ref, and with current actual value ilαWith ilβ, compare to obtain current error value iψWith
S3, by current error value iψWithIn PIR controller made of input is improved in conjunction with PR controller as PI controller, obtain
To output control amount uεWith uη；
The three-phase voltage value that S4, acquisition capacitive side export, and the capacitance voltage obtained under α β coordinate system after Clark is converted is real
Actual value ucαWith ucβ；
S5, control amount and grid-connected voltage actual value ugαWith ugβAnd the capacitance voltage actual value u gotcαWith ucβIt compares
To the practical control amount of net-connected controller, u is obtained by anti-Clark inverse transformationabc, modulating wave is generated finally by SVPWM,
Gird-connected inverter is controlled with reaching.
2. a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Gird-connected inverter state space equation under step S1 two-phase stationary coordinate system are as follows:
Wherein, r=α, β, LlAnd LgFor inverter side and grid side inductance, ugFor three-phase voltage, ekFor each mutually electricity of three-phase of power grid
Pressure, C is capacitor, ucFor capacitance voltage, wherein k=a, b, c.
3. a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The open-loop transfer function of LCL type filter under α β coordinate system can be obtained based on the state space equation are as follows:
At this point, system resonance angular frequency can be obtained are as follows:
Similarly, if not considering filter capacitor, single inductance L-type filter can be obtained are as follows:
Wherein, L=Ll+Lg。
4. a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Step S2 obtains the current signal of current inner loop based on instantaneous power principle:
Wherein, F(s)=(s2+w2)/(s2+as+w2), w=314rad/s, m=2.5t-0.5, m are current reference adjustment factor, model
It encloses for 0≤m≤1.
5. a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Follow-on PIR controller transmission function is designed in step S3 are as follows:
Wherein,N=2n+1, ζ=0.0001.
6. a kind of PIR optimal control method based on LCL type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The modified PIR controller, in systems when 1,3,5,7 subwave, i.e. the transmitting of 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 350Hz open loop
Function Gopen(S)And the transmission function G under grid disturbancerd(S)With closed loop transfer function, Gclose(S)Are as follows:
Gopen(S)=GPIR(S)Gd(S)GLCL(S)
Wherein, Gd(s)=Udc/ (Ts+1), T are inverter switching frequency.
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| CN111769563A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-10-13 | 闽南理工学院 | LCL active power filter model and prediction control method thereof |
| CN111969599A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-20 | 电子科技大学 | Harmonic suppression method for output voltage of cascade electric energy management device |
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| CN104104110A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-15 | 国家电网公司 | Control method of single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with power quality adjustment function |
| CN109617115A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-12 | 湖南工业大学 | LCL type control method of grid-connected inverter based on PI+ Repetitive Control |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111769563A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-10-13 | 闽南理工学院 | LCL active power filter model and prediction control method thereof |
| CN111969599A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-20 | 电子科技大学 | Harmonic suppression method for output voltage of cascade electric energy management device |
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