CN110277635B - Three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source - Google Patents
Three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source Download PDFInfo
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- CN110277635B CN110277635B CN201910521243.2A CN201910521243A CN110277635B CN 110277635 B CN110277635 B CN 110277635B CN 201910521243 A CN201910521243 A CN 201910521243A CN 110277635 B CN110277635 B CN 110277635B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
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Abstract
The utility model provides a three frequency multipolar navigation measurement and control antenna feed, it includes dual-frenquency dual circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed and loop antenna. The dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source comprises a coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna, a partition plate type circular polarizer and a coaxial waveguide converter, and is used for transmitting and receiving L and S dual-frequency, left-hand and right-hand dual-circular polarization waves. The loop antenna includes: the coaxial line is connected with the ultrahigh frequency radio wave transmitter and used for outputting ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals to be transmitted; the conductive ring is connected with the coaxial line and used for transmitting the ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals transmitted from the coaxial line and uniformly transmitting the ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals to the parabolic antenna; and the support rod is connected with the coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna and is used for supporting the coaxial line and the conductive ring.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to antenna feeds, and more particularly to a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed.
Background
Due to the development of satellite loads, particularly the requirements of global satellite search and rescue loads, the current navigation measurement and control antenna has been developed from the original L-band single-frequency to L, S, UHF (ultra-high frequency) band three-frequency, single-circular polarization to double-circular polarization, linear polarization and other forms. The navigation satellite uses the ground navigation measurement and control antenna. Because of low frequency and high gain requirement, the ground measurement and control antenna generally uses a parabolic antenna, and the core of the ground measurement and control antenna is an antenna feed source. The traditional measurement and control antenna feed source is mostly single-frequency single-circular polarization, so that for satellite loads, the measurement and control task of the whole load can be met by multiple antennas, and the requirements for fields and personnel are increased.
There are two types of conventional feed sources, microstrip and dipole antennas. The microstrip antenna has the characteristics of higher integration level, low cost, small volume and light weight. However, in the microwave frequency band, due to the characteristics of the dielectric plate, the antenna has large loss and narrow bandwidth (generally not more than 10%), and can only be used in dot frequency.
The oscillator type antenna mainly utilizes the unit oscillator as a radiation unit of the feed source, so that the loss caused by a microstrip antenna medium is avoided, and the feed source efficiency is higher. However, the bandwidth of the oscillator unit is limited, and the axial symmetry of the radiation pattern is poor, which results in low polarization discrimination.
The two feed sources both adopt the principle of linear polarization synthesis, and a power divider and a 90-degree phase shifter are added at the rear end, so that the performance of the whole feed source is further restricted, and the feed source can only be used in single frequency and single polarization. The antenna has the frequency of 1.5-2.2 GHz, is difficult to meet the requirement of L, S simultaneous high-performance measurement and control antenna, and has the simultaneous double circular polarization, and the axial ratio requirement is less than 1.5 dB.
In addition, for measurement and control of global search and rescue satellite loads, the ground antenna is required to have the transmission capability of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) linearly polarized waves (frequency 405MHz, linear polarization, 100W).
With the development of microwave technology, especially the maturity of waveguide type feed source design technology of broadband circular polarizer and radiator, it is possible to make the measurement and control antenna of broadband circular polarizer covering L, S frequency band at the same time. The technology of a broadband clapboard type circular polarizer, a coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna and a coaxial waveguide converter is comprehensively adopted, the matching bandwidth and the radiation efficiency of the antenna are ensured, and a highly integrated double-circular-polarization L, S dual-frequency measurement and control parabolic antenna is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source, which includes a dual-frequency dual-circular-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source and a loop antenna. The dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source comprises a coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna, a partition plate type circular polarizer and a coaxial waveguide converter, and is used for transmitting and receiving L and S dual-frequency, left-hand and right-hand dual-circular polarization waves. The loop antenna includes: the coaxial line is connected with the ultrahigh frequency radio wave transmitter and used for outputting ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals to be transmitted; the conductive ring is connected with the coaxial line and used for transmitting the ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals transmitted from the coaxial line and uniformly transmitting the ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals to the parabolic antenna; and the support rod is connected with the coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna and is used for supporting the coaxial line and the conductive ring.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, both ends of the conductive ring are connected to the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial line, respectively.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the support rod is disposed on a bottom surface of the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna.
According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure, the dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source and the conductive circular ring are made of non-conductive materials, and conductive materials are coated on the surface of the dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source and the conductive circular ring.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dual-frequency dual circularly polarized navigation measurement and control antenna feed and the conductive ring are made of conductive materials.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the circumference of the conductive circular ring is 0.45 λ to 0.48 λ, and the outer diameter of the conductive circular ring is λ/12 to λ/16, where λ is an operating wavelength of the loop antenna.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the height of the support rod is λ/6 to λ/8.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the support rod is made of a wave-transparent material.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna has a diameter of 0.4 λ to 0.5 λ.
According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the parabolic antenna is 1.8m to 10 m.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna of a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna of a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed coaxial multi-loop horn antenna according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a loop antenna in a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is an isometric view of a conductive ring and a coaxial line in a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of a conductive ring and a coaxial line in a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is an overall schematic diagram of a tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed assembled with a parabolic antenna according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
For further expanding the measurement and control capability of global search and rescue satellite loads, a feed source high-power transmitting function of UHF wave band and linear polarization needs to be added on the basis of a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source. In order to improve the integration level, the highly integrated dual-circular-polarization LS and linear-polarization UHF three-frequency measurement and control parabolic antenna feed source is formed by expanding the annular antenna on the back plate on the basis of the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna on the basis of not influencing the original feed source performance of L, S.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a three-frequency multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed, which includes a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed and a loop antenna.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source includes a partition type circular polarizer 1, a coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna 2 and a coaxial waveguide converter 3, and is used for transmitting and receiving L and S dual-frequency, left-handed and right-handed dual-circular polarization waves.
The coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2 includes a circular waveguide 21 and a coaxial multi-loop outer wall 22 (see fig. 2, 3 and 4). Since the radiation direction of the loop antenna 4 is omnidirectional, in order to further improve the radiation efficiency, the backward radiation of the loop antenna 4 is reflected and suppressed by the coaxial multi-loop outer wall 22. At the same time, this component also provides support for the mounting of the loop antenna 4.
The partition plate type circular polarizer sequentially comprises in the axial direction: a square waveguide connected to the circular waveguide 21; the baffle ladder is positioned on the central axis of the square waveguide; the clapboard type circular polarizer can realize the functions of L and S double-frequency, left-hand and right-hand double-circular polarization and transceiving.
The coaxial waveguide converter includes: the coaxial probe is used for converting electromagnetic waves in the rectangular waveguide into signals of a coaxial line and is convenient to connect with the rear end.
The loop antenna 4 is overlapped at the front part of the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2 of the dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the loop antenna 4 includes: a coaxial line 42 connected to the uhf radio wave transmitter for outputting an uhf radio wave signal to be transmitted; the conductive circular ring 41 is connected with the coaxial line and used for transmitting UHF wave band signals transmitted from the coaxial line and uniformly transmitting electromagnetic waves to the parabolic antenna; and a support rod 43 connected to the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna for supporting the coaxial line and the conductive ring. The loop antenna 4 further comprises a coaxial line flange 44 (see fig. 6).
The conductive ring 41 has two ends connected to the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial line 42, respectively (see fig. 6 and 7), and the connection may be made by welding.
The support rod 43 is disposed on the bottom surface of the coaxial multiple loop waveguide horn antenna 2.
In order to ensure mass productivity, the partition type circular polarizer 1, the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2, the coaxial waveguide converter 3 and the loop antenna 4 of the antenna feed source provided by the present disclosure may be made of a non-conductive material, and a conductive material is coated on the surface of a plastic. However, in order to ensure good electrical performance, the partition type circular polarizer 1, the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2, the coaxial waveguide transformer 3 and the loop antenna 4 of the present disclosure may also be precisely machined from a conductive material. According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, these components may be made of plastic and coated with a conductive metal on the surface, or directly machined from a metallic material.
As shown in fig. 6, the UHF transmitter signal is transmitted to the conductive ring 41 through the coaxial line 42, and is converted into linearly polarized wave to be radiated to space through the conductive ring 41. The conductive ring 41 is mounted on the coaxial multi-ring outer wall 22 through four support rods 43, which on one hand provide support for the conductive ring 41 and on the other hand reflect the backward radiation of the conductive ring 42, thereby further improving the radiation efficiency of the loop antenna 4.
As shown in fig. 9, since the loop antenna 4 is installed at the focal point of the parabolic antenna 5, the parabolic antenna 5 reflects the electromagnetic wave of the loop antenna 4 to form a plane wave which is radiated forward to form a high-gain antenna beam. The diameter of the parabolic antenna is 1.8 m-10 m.
As shown in fig. 1, since the loop antenna 4 has a circular shape and a large diameter and is located far from the circular waveguide port of the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2, it has no influence on the circularly polarized signal of L, S band transmitted therein.
As described above, the loop antenna of the present disclosure is designed as a stacked structure joined together by the conductive circular ring 41, the coaxial line 42, the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2. This has the advantage that the whole antenna feed can be easily manufactured and installed by a separate method, although the structure thereof is complicated, and the structural integration of the whole antenna feed is high. Antennas made according to the present disclosure are superior in bandwidth, signal transmission efficiency, power capacity, and gain compared to microstrip-type or vibrator-type antenna feeds using dielectric materials.
The following describes specific parameters and technical effects of the dual-band dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed provided by the present disclosure in detail with a specific preferred embodiment. However, the examples selected are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Taking a global search and rescue satellite frequency of 405MHz as an example for explanation, in order to ensure the radiation efficiency of the loop antenna 4, the perimeter of the conductive loop 41 is generally 0.45 to 0.48 λ (λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna). The outer diameter of the conductive annular ring 41 is related to the efficiency and bandwidth of the loop antenna 4 and is typically taken to be λ/12 to λ/16. In order to ensure that the conductive ring 41 does not affect the normal operation of the rear-end coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2 in the L, S frequency band and ensure that the coaxial multi-loop outer wall 22 suppresses the backward radiation of 405MHz signals in the UHF band, the supporting rod 43 is generally between λ/6 and λ/8. The material of the supporting rod 43 is generally selected from wave-transparent materials, such as Polycarbonate (PC) and polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe). The outer diameter of the coaxial multi-ring outer wall 22 influences suppression of backward radiation of the annular antenna 4, when the outer diameter is too small, suppression capability is insufficient, when the outer diameter is too large, shielding of the parabolic antenna is caused, compromise selection is needed, and the diameter of the parabolic antenna is generally selected to be 0.4-0.5 lambda. To ensure continuous wave power capability greater than 100W, the coaxial line 42 is selected as a high quality 50 ohm N flanged coaxial cable. The supporting rod 43 and the coaxial line 42 are connected with the rear end coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna 2 by a screw method. The parabolic aerial 5 is a metal parabolic aerial with a diameter of 2.4 meters. The gain of the integral parabolic antenna 5 is greater than 20.1dB and the efficiency is about 55% under the above parameter selection.
For further expanding the measurement and control capability of global search and rescue satellite loads, the feed source function of UHF wave band and linear polarization needs to be added on the basis of the dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source. According to the antenna feed source, the high-power UHF emission measurement and control capability of the antenna is improved through the integrated loop antenna 4 under the condition that electromagnetic waves of L, S wave bands of the rear-end coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna are not affected. The integration level of the whole antenna is improved, meanwhile, the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved, the matching bandwidth and the radiation efficiency of the antenna are guaranteed, and a highly integrated L, S, UHF tri-frequency multi-polarization measurement and control parabolic antenna feed source is formed. Compared with the traditional antenna, the antenna not only improves the performance of the whole antenna, but also realizes the use of three frequencies, two circles and linear polarization, replaces the functions of three or even five separated antennas in the past, is a novel navigation measurement and control antenna with low cost, low loss, high integration level, high polarization discrimination rate and good axial ratio characteristic, and has wide military and civil prospects.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art, based on the foregoing disclosure, and are still within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a three frequency multipolar navigation measurement and control antenna feed, its characterized in that, three frequency multipolar navigation measurement and control antenna feed includes:
the dual-frequency dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed source comprises a coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna, a partition plate type circular polarizer and a coaxial waveguide converter, and is used for transmitting and receiving L and S dual-frequency, left-handed and right-handed dual-circular polarization waves; and
a loop antenna, the loop antenna comprising:
the coaxial line is connected with the ultrahigh frequency radio wave transmitter and is used for outputting ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals to be transmitted;
the conductive circular ring is connected with the coaxial line and used for transmitting the ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals transmitted from the coaxial line and uniformly transmitting the ultrahigh frequency radio wave signals to the parabolic antenna; and
and the supporting rod is connected with the coaxial multi-ring waveguide horn antenna and is used for supporting the coaxial line and the conductive ring.
2. The feed source of the tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna of claim 1, wherein two ends of the conductive ring are respectively connected with the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial line.
3. The feed source of the tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna of claim 1, wherein the support rods are disposed on a bottom surface of the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna.
4. The feed of claim 1, wherein the dual-band dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed and the conductive ring are made of non-conductive material and coated with conductive material.
5. The feed of claim 1, wherein the dual-band dual-circular polarization navigation measurement and control antenna feed and the conductive ring are made of conductive materials.
6. The feed source of the tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna of claim 1, wherein the circumference of the conductive ring is 0.45 λ -0.48 λ, and the outer diameter of the conductive ring is λ/12- λ/16, where λ is the operating wavelength of the loop antenna.
7. The feed source of the tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna of claim 6, wherein the height of the support rod is λ/6- λ/8.
8. The feed of claim 7, wherein the support rods are made of a wave-transparent material.
9. The feed source of the tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna of claim 8, wherein the diameter of the coaxial multi-loop waveguide horn antenna is 0.4 λ -0.5 λ.
10. The feed source of the tri-band multi-polarization navigation measurement and control antenna of claim 9, wherein the diameter of the parabolic antenna is 1.8m to 10 m.
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| US7722144B2 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2010-05-25 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Fluid ejection device |
| CN201754430U (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2011-03-02 | 苏州艾福电子通讯有限公司 | Tri-frequency circularly polarized multilayer micro-strip antenna |
| CN103457033B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-04-13 | 上海交通大学 | compact broadband circular polarizer |
| CN104600431B (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2017-04-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of broadband feed |
| KR101733947B1 (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-08 | 한국항공우주연구원 | Waveguide-type Monopulse Feed |
| CN205752548U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-11-30 | 南京中网卫星通信股份有限公司 | A kind of multiband integrated satellite communication antenna feed |
| US10297920B2 (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2019-05-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Compact dual circular polarization multi-band waveguide feed network |
| CN107910650A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏贝孚德通讯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of dual-band antenna feed system and dual-band antenna |
| CN109728445B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-09-18 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Three-frequency-band measurement and control remote-sensing guard multifunctional composite feed source |
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