CN110273684A - Method plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column - Google Patents
Method plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 164
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/16—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by fire-setting or by similar methods based on a heat effect
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/18—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by electricity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, interionic strong movements moment is made full use of to generate high temperature, the characteristic of high pressure, " U formula " drilling well is drilled through on ground, " U formula " drilling well number is L/d, L is the working face of coal seam length that underlies, d is wells spacing, " U formula " drilling well is divided into the left vertical section of " U formula " drilling well, " U formula " drilling well horizontal segment and the right vertical section three parts of " U formula " drilling well, two vertical sections in left and right, which are each passed through two residual exploiting fields, to be left coal column arrival and underlies coal seam thick and hard roof, horizontal segment is parallel with advance of the face direction in the coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies.One well double-purpose, two-way operation, to underliing coal seam thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field leaves coal column and carries out presplitting, forming shock wave makes thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field leave coal column generation crack and extends, achieve the purpose that cutting down thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field leaves the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, to realize coal mine lasting exploit, keep the safety in production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, belong to
Coal mining technology field.
Background technique
China's coal-mine mostly uses working from top down method, i.e., first adopts and adopt coal seam of underliing after covering coal seam.Underlie seam mining
When, can by interlayer thick and hard roof and on cover residual exploiting field and leave coal column group, influenced coal work by compound strong mine pressure.
Compound strong mine pressure is mainly derived from :(a) thick and hard roof: due to natural geological conditions, the coal seam of underliing in many mining areas
The thick and hard roof that there are thickness is big, intensity is high, joint fissure agensis, integrality are good；(b) coal column is left in residual exploiting field: new China
The coal winning technology in initial stage of founding China falls behind relatively, for the safety in production of the stability, safeguard work face of guarantee country rock, can stay and set
Part pillar overlying rock；In the recovery process of modern high mechanization, by constructing and other mining conditions are limited,
Staying for part coal column is set unavoidably；When using barrier system coal-mining method, part coal column can leave and not adopt.This is resulted in coal seam
After exploitation, residual exploiting field, which has, largely leaves coal column.
When exploitation by thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field leave the compound strong mine pressure influence of coal column underlied coal seam when, will cause work
Make face mine pressure to show strongly, working face wall caving is serious, and goaf top plate is caving acutely and with loud noise, and force piece pressure increases
Add obviously, hydraulic support pushed down, the destruction of tunnel individual prop also happen occasionally, and first/periodic weighting step of stope thick and hard roof
Away from also will increase, and gather a large amount of energy, when stope thick and hard roof suddenly across falling when, the energy of accumulation will abrupt release go out
Come, to cause violent dynamic impact problem disaster, causes equipment damage, casualties seriously endangers mine safety production.
The prediction and preventing and controlling that compound strong mine pressure caused by coal column is left in thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field are more difficult, currently
The control method of the compound strong mine pressure of the working face of coal seam that underlies for leaving coal column influence for thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field has: a, passive
Control methods: (1) direction of extraction, the arrangement orientation of the working face of coal seam that underlies are adjusted, to avoid the concentration that coal column is left in residual exploiting field
Stress influence area, but working face is still influenced by thick and hard roof pressure, is not tackled the problem at its root；(2) reinforce the coal that underlies
The supporting of layer working face, but when Face Ground Pressure Behavior is strong, it is difficult to guarantee by the technical measures of simple strengthening supporting
Safety in production, and support cost is high；(3) working face of coal seam that underlies that coal column is influenced is being left by thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field,
It stays and sets bigger coal column, but cause the significant wastage of coal resources；B, active control: (1) in thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field
It leaves and carries out explosion in coal column, but construction work amount is big, it is quick-fried to be easy initiation gas particularly with highly gassy mine for poor controllability
Fried, there are security risks；(2) coal column is left using hydrofracturing thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field, but consumes a large amount of water resource,
And the chemical reagent during fracturing in high pressure fracture liquid is easy pollution subsurface environment.By the control method of the above compound strong mine pressure
As can be seen that passive control methods effect is bad, do not solve the problems, such as really；Active control job location mostly in working face or
In tunnel, coal work is influenced, and fracturing thick and hard roof respectively and residual exploiting field is needed to leave coal column, complex steps.Therefore, need
Find a kind of high-efficient, easy to control, good abatement thick and hard roof of effect and method that the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in residual exploiting field
Carry out the safety in production in safeguard work face.
Plasma state is that one kind is different from solid-state, liquid and gaseous state of aggregation, when certain liquid are excited by outside energy
Liquid phase plasma is generated, the characteristic of high temperature, high pressure is generated using interionic strong movements moment, forming shock wave produces rock mass
Raw crack simultaneously extends.It has been widely used in oil/gas drilling, exploitation at present, and the cutting of metal orients broken sillar.However
The technology of the compound strong mine pressure of plasma abatement (is especially cut down in plasma ground " U formula " thick in technical field of coal exploitation
Resist plate stubbornly and the compound strong mine pressure aspect of coal column left in residual exploiting field) application it is seldom.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide to leave coal column compound strong for a kind of plasma ground " U formula " abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field
The method of mine pressure, it is not only high-efficient, easy to control, effect is good, strong flexibility, it is dustless, without making an uproar, can be to avoid the disadvantage of preceding method
And deficiency.If working seam leaves coal column group and interlayer thick and hard roof by above covering residual exploiting field, and residual exploiting field is left in coal column group
It is stable there are two, when coal column is left at 40 meters~200 meters of interval, " U formula " drilling well can be selected, carries out two-way work from ground
Industry achievees the purpose that cut down thick and hard roof and leaves the compound strong mine pressure of coal column.
The present invention makes full use of interionic strong movements moment to generate the characteristic of high temperature, high pressure, drills through " U formula " on ground
Drilling well, " U formula " drilling well number are L/d, and L is the working face of coal seam length that underlies, and d is wells spacing, and " U formula " drilling well is divided into " U
The left vertical section of formula " drilling well, " U formula " drilling well horizontal segment and the right vertical section three parts of " U formula " drilling well, two vertical sections in left and right are worn respectively
It crosses two residual exploiting fields and leaves coal column arrival and underlie coal seam thick and hard roof, horizontal segment pushes away in the coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies with working face
It is parallel into direction.One well double-purpose, two-way operation are formed to coal seam thick and hard roof is underlied and residual exploiting field leaves coal column and carries out presplitting
Shock wave makes thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field leave coal column generation crack and extends, and reaches abatement thick and hard roof and coal is left in residual exploiting field
The purpose of the compound strong mine pressure of column is kept the safety in production to realize coal mine lasting exploit.
The present invention provides a kind of method plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, tools
Body the following steps are included:
Step 1: passing through high-tension cable for plasma pulse controller, plasma generator, electrode securing device, liquid phase
The connection of discharge plasma electrode；Plasma pulse controller is connect by conducting wire with data collecting instrument；It is transmitted by signal
Line connects data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, demodulation probe；By dual-purpose water pipe by water tank, high-pressure pump, cooler, etc.
Plasma generator connects to form complete loops, the cooling control valve control switch of plasma generator；It will by dual-purpose water pipe
High-pressure pump, pressure gauge, high-pressure water nozzle connection, high-pressure water nozzle control valve control switch；And it is connected with ground power supply system；
Step 2: determine that coal column is left on ground and residual exploiting field, the position for the coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies and distance relation, in residual exploiting field
It leaves the ground right above coal column and drills through " U formula " drilling well, " U formula " drilling well number is L/d, and L is the working face of coal seam length that underlies,
D is wells spacing, and " U formula " drilling well is divided into the left vertical section of " U formula " drilling well, " U formula " drilling well horizontal segment and the right vertical section of " U formula " drilling well
Three parts, two vertical sections in left and right, which are each passed through two residual exploiting fields, to be left coal column arrival and underlies coal seam thick and hard roof, and horizontal segment exists
The coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies is interior parallel with advance of the face direction, and is controlling the intersection of two vertical sections and horizontal segment all
Directive wheel is installed, first " U formula " drilling well is known as " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well, and second " U formula " drilling well is known as " U
Formula " detection drilling well；Ground above " U formula " drilling well or so two vertical sections, a set of first step connection of each setting in left and right etc.
The device of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in gas ions ground " U formula " abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field, and two covering devices are bored in " U formula "
Construction procedure is identical at left and right sides of well, therefore only does side explanation；
Step 3: by dual-purpose water pipe, high-pressure water nozzle, high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode,
Across " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section, " U formula " the plasma fracturing that second step drills through is arranged in through directive wheel and is bored
In front of the drilling well packer of well horizontal segment initial position, and make the drilling well packer of the flat section of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water
Expansion shut-in well, synchronous signal transmission line, demodulation probe pass through " U formula " detection drilling well vertical section and are arranged in second step brill through directive wheel
The initial position of " U formula " the detection drilling well horizontal segment taken；
Step 4: opening high-pressure water nozzle control valve, the water in water tank by dual-purpose water pipe through high-pressure pump, penetrate by high-pressure water nozzle
Enter in the flat section of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water, observed by pressure gauge, when water is full of " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well
When inside horizontal segment, high-pressure water nozzle control valve is closed；
Step 5: opening plasma generator, alternating current passes through plasma generator, high-tension cable, the firm dress of electrode
Set-discharge in water plasma electrode electric discharge after, electric energy is rapidly converted into impact energy, water-filled " U formula " plasma fracturing
Pressure in drilling well horizontal segment increases sharply, and the original crack for the coal seam thick and hard roof that makes to underlie starts to extend and generate new split
Gap；Demodulation probe receives the signal of discharge in water plasma electrode sending simultaneously, passes through signal transmssion line, signal amplifier
Data collecting instrument is passed to, and analyzes the reflection configuration delay time spread spectrum scenarios received, coal seam thick and hard roof is split to underliing
Gap developmental state is analyzed, and operates plasma pulse controller so as to adjust discharge frequency, until " U formula " plasma-induced
The thick and hard roof split around drilling well horizontal segment realizes fracturing；Close plasma generator；
Step 6: mobile high-voltage cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode and dual-purpose water pipe, spraying water with high pressure
The residual exploiting field of head and demodulation probe to " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section is left near coal column, " U formula " plasma
Residual exploiting field in fracturing drilling well vertical section leaves coal column roof and floor and is mounted on drilling well packer, and synchronizing moving signal transmits
Line, demodulation probe repeat the 4th step, the 5th step, until the residual exploiting field near " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section is left
Coal column realizes fracturing；Close plasma generator；
Step 7: recycling high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode and dual-purpose water pipe, spraying water with high pressure
Head and demodulation probe, then open plasma generator cools down control valve, and the water of water tank is by dual-purpose water pipe through high pressure
Pump, cooler, plasma generator return to water tank, after plasma generator cools down, close plasma
Body generator cools down control valve, finally blocks " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well；
Step 8: by " U formula " detection drilling well as next " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well, adjacent non-presplitting " U formula " is bored
Well repeats third step to the 7th step, until all " U formula " drilling wells that second step drills through are attached as next " U formula " detection drilling well
The completion of coal column whole fracturing is left in close thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field.
In above scheme, in second step, the spacing d of " U formula " drilling well is 6~10 meters；The diameter of " U formula " drilling well is that do is
155mm~335mm.
In above scheme, in second step, the angle a range on " U formula " drilling well or so vertical section and ground is in 75o~90o.
In above scheme, in second step, " U formula " drilling well level section is located at the intersection of thick and hard roof and overlying rock.
In above scheme, in third step, drilling well packer is located at 5~10 meters in front of directive wheel of plasma fracturing drilling well
In horizontal segment.
In above scheme, in third step, drilling well packer operating pressure is 30MPa~55MPa.
In above scheme, in third step, self-sealing, compression or combined type drilling packer is can be selected in drilling well packer.
In above scheme, in the 4th step, suitable electricity can be added in the flat section of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water of water-filling
Electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution are NaOH solution).
In above scheme, in the 5th step, discharge in water plasma electrode discharge voltage is 100kV~220kV, electric discharge frequency
Rate is 100Hz~600Hz.
The plasma U formula that the present invention provides a kind of for implementing the above method, which cuts down thick and hard roof and leaves coal column, answers
Close the device of strong mine pressure, including plasma generator, plasma pulse controller, high-tension cable, electrode securing device, liquid
Phase discharge plasma electrode, data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, signal transmssion line, demodulation probe, water tank, high-pressure pump are cold
But device, pressure gauge, dual-purpose water pipe, high-pressure water nozzle, the cooling control valve of plasma generator, high-pressure water nozzle control valve；
Plasma pulse controller, plasma generator, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode pass through height
Voltage cable connection；Electric energy is passed through high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode by plasma generator
It is discharged, medium and high voltage cable is responsible for transmitting electric energy, and electrode securing device guarantees discharge in water plasma electrode
Normal work；
Plasma pulse controller, data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, demodulation probe pass sequentially through signal transmssion line connection；
Demodulation probe is responsible for receiving across coal/rock mass waveform signal, and Wave data is transferred to signal by signal transmssion line and is put
Big device after Wave data is amplified processing by signal amplifier, is finally transferred to data collecting instrument, and data collecting instrument will obtain
Wave data analyzed, judge coal/rock mass fracturing effect；
Water tank, cooler, plasma generator, by dual-purpose water pipe connects to form complete loops high-pressure pump, by it is equal from
Daughter generator cools down control valve T1Control switch；High-pressure pump is cooling through cooler again by dual-purpose water pipe by the water of water tank
Afterwards, it is transported to plasma generator, plasma generator cools down, and avoid plasma generator from overheating, and nothing
Method uses；High-pressure pump, pressure gauge, high-pressure water nozzle are connected by dual-purpose water pipe, pass through high-pressure water nozzle control valve T2Control is opened
It closes；The water of water tank is transported to high-pressure water nozzle by dual-purpose water pipe by high-pressure pump, is sprayed finally by high-pressure water nozzle.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention makes full use of interionic strong movements moment to generate the characteristic of high temperature, high pressure, and forming shock wave produces rock mass
Raw crack simultaneously extends, and drills through " U formula " drilling well, a well double-purpose, two-way operation, to coal seam thick and hard roof and the residual exploiting field of underliing on ground
Leave coal column and carry out presplitting, be not limited by a space, not under the influence of coal seam coal work, it is easy to operate, method is simple, dustless, nothing
It makes an uproar.And plasma ground " U formula " abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column method it is high-efficient, easy
Control, effect is good, strong flexibility, reduces thick and hard roof and leaves the integrality of coal column, reaches abatement thick and hard roof and residual adopts
Area leaves the purpose of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, the method for leaving the compound strong mine pressure of coal column with existing abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field
Compared to being the transformation of a kind of " extensive style " to " fine formula ", coal mine lasting exploit is realized, is kept the safety in production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that plasma ground " U formula " cuts down thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field and leave the device of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column and show
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is " U formula " plasma that plasma ground " U formula " cuts down thick and hard roof and the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in residual exploiting field
Body fracturing drilling well working condition section schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is " U formula " the detection brill that plasma ground " U formula " cuts down thick and hard roof and the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in residual exploiting field
Well working condition section schematic diagram；
" U formula " the drilling well arrangement of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in Fig. 4 plasma ground " U formula " abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field
Stereoscopic schematic diagram.
In figure: 1-plasma generator；2-plasma pulse controllers；3-high-tension cables；4-electrodes are firm
Device；5-discharge in water plasma electrodes；6-data collecting instruments；7-signal amplifiers；8-signal transmssion lines；9-inspections
Wave probe；10-water tanks；11-high-pressure pumps；12-coolers；13-pressure gauges；14-dual-purpose water pipes；15-high pressure water jets
Head；16-conducting wires；17-drilling well packers；18-directive wheels；19-" U formula " plasma fracturing drilling wells；191-" U formulas " etc.
Gas ions fracturing drilling well vertical section；192-flat the sections of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water；20-" U formula " detection drilling wells；201—
" U formula " detection drilling well vertical section；202-" U formula " detection drilling well horizontal segments；21-underlie coal seam；Leave coal column in 22-residual exploiting fields；
23-underlie coal seam thick and hard roof；24-ground；25-" U formula " drilling wells；The left vertical section of 25a-" U formula " drilling well；25b-" U formula "
The right vertical section of drilling well；25c-" U formula " drilling well horizontal segment；D-wells spacing；Do-drilling well diameter；L-underlies working face of coal seam
Length；The cooling control valve of T1-plasma generator；T2-high-pressure water nozzle control valve.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment, but is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of plasma U formula cuts down thick and hard roof and leaves the device of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, specifically include:
Plasma generator 1, plasma pulse controller 2, high-tension cable 3, electrode securing device 4, discharge in water etc. from
Daughter electrode 5, data collecting instrument 6, signal amplifier 7, signal transmssion line 8, demodulation probe 9, water tank 10, high-pressure pump 11 are cold
But device 12, pressure gauge 13, dual-purpose water pipe 14, high-pressure water nozzle 15, the cooling control valve T1 of plasma generator, high-pressure water nozzle
Control valve T2.
Plasma pulse controller, plasma generator, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode are logical
Cross high-tension cable connection；Electric energy is passed through high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma by plasma generator
Electrode is discharged, and medium and high voltage cable is responsible for transmitting electric energy, and electrode securing device guarantees discharge in water plasma
The normal work of electrode；
Plasma pulse controller, data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, demodulation probe pass sequentially through signal transmssion line connection；
Demodulation probe is responsible for receiving across coal/rock mass waveform signal, and Wave data is transferred to signal by signal transmssion line and is put
Big device after Wave data is amplified processing by signal amplifier, is finally transferred to data collecting instrument, and data collecting instrument will obtain
Wave data analyzed, judge coal/rock mass fracturing effect；
Water tank, cooler, plasma generator, by dual-purpose water pipe connects to form complete loops high-pressure pump, by it is equal from
Daughter generator cools down control valve T1Control switch；High-pressure pump is cooling through cooler again by dual-purpose water pipe by the water of water tank
Afterwards, it is transported to plasma generator, plasma generator cools down, and avoid plasma generator from overheating, and nothing
Method uses；High-pressure pump, pressure gauge, high-pressure water nozzle are connected by dual-purpose water pipe, pass through high-pressure water nozzle control valve T2Control is opened
It closes；The water of water tank is transported to high-pressure water nozzle by dual-purpose water pipe by high-pressure pump, is sprayed finally by high-pressure water nozzle.It is described
Dual-purpose water pipe can both play the role of cooling plasma generator；The note in the drilling of plasma fracturing can also be played
The effect of water.
In the present invention, ground or so of the above-mentioned apparatus above " U formula " drilling well or so two vertical sections is respectively arranged a set of.
As shown in Fig. 2 ~ 4, when coal seam 21 of underliing is exploited, it will receive residual exploiting field and leave coal column 22 and the coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies
The influence of 23 compound strong mine pressures, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of method that the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in plasma ground " U formula " abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field, tool
Body the following steps are included:
Step 1: by high-tension cable 3 by plasma pulse controller 2, plasma generator 1, electrode securing device 4,
Discharge in water plasma electrode 5 connects；Plasma pulse controller 2 is connect by conducting wire 16 with data collecting instrument 6；Pass through
Signal transmssion line 8 connects data collecting instrument 6, signal amplifier 7, demodulation probe 9；By dual-purpose water pipe 14 by water tank 10,
High-pressure pump 11, cooler 12, the connection of plasma generator 1 form complete loops, the cooling control valve control of plasma generator
System switch；By dual-purpose water pipe 14 by high-pressure pump 11, pressure gauge 13, high-pressure water nozzle 15 is connected, high-pressure water nozzle control valve control
System switch；And it is connected with ground power supply system；
Step 2: determine that coal column 22 is left with residual exploiting field in ground 24, the position for the coal seam thick and hard roof 23 that underlies and distance relation,
The ground 24 that residual exploiting field leaves right above coal column 22 drills through " U formula " drilling well 25, and 25 numbers of " U formula " drilling well are L/d, and (L is to underlie
Working face of coal seam length, d are wells spacing), the spacing d of " U formula " drilling well 25 is 8 meters；The diameter of " U formula " drilling well 25 is that do is
275mm, " U formula " drilling well 25 divide for " U formula " drilling well left vertical section 25a, " U formula " drilling well horizontal segment 25c and " U formula " drilling well right side vertically
Section 25b three parts, the left vertical section 25a of " U formula " drilling well and the right vertical section 25b of " U formula " drilling well and angle a on ground are 90o, " U
The left vertical section 25a of formula " the drilling well and right vertical section 25b of " U formula " drilling well leaves coal column 22 across two residual exploiting fields and reaches coal seam of underliing
Thick and hard roof 23, " U formula " drilling well horizontal segment 25c are located at the intersection of coal seam thick and hard roof 23 and overlying rock of underliing, and underlie
22 advance of the face direction of coal seam is parallel, and in " U formula " drilling well left vertical section 25a and the right vertical section 25b of " U formula " drilling well and " U
Intersection's installation of formula " drilling well horizontal segment 25c has directive wheel 18, and first " U formula " drilling well 25 is known as " U formula " plasma-induced
Drilling well 19 is split, second " U formula " drilling well 25 is known as " U formula " detection drilling well 20；In 25 or so two vertical section 25a of " U formula " drilling well,
Thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field are cut down in ground 24 above 25b, the plasma ground " U formula " for preparing the connection of two sets of first steps respectively
The device of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left, two covering devices construction procedure at left and right sides of " U formula " drilling well is identical, therefore only does side and say
It is bright；
Step 3: by dual-purpose water pipe 14, high-pressure water nozzle 15, high-tension cable 3, electrode securing device 4, discharge in water plasma
Electrode 5 passes through " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section 191, is arranged in " the U formula " etc. that second step drills through through directive wheel 18
5 meters in front of the drilling well packer of 192 initial position of gas ions fracturing drilling well horizontal segment, and make " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well
The expansion shut-in well of drilling well packer 17 (operating pressure 40Mpa~50Mpa) of horizontal segment 192, synchronous signal transmission line 8, detection are visited
First 9, which pass through " U formula " detection drilling well vertical section 201, is arranged in " U formula " detection drilling well horizontal segment that second step drills through through directive wheel 18
202 initial position；
Step 4: opening high-pressure water nozzle control valve, the water in water tank 10 is by dual-purpose water pipe 14 through high-pressure pump 11, high pressure water
Spray head 15 is injected in the flat section 192 of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water, is observed by pressure gauge 13, when water full of " U formula " etc. from
When daughter fracturing drilling well 192 inside of horizontal segment, high-pressure water nozzle control valve is closed；
Step 5: opening plasma generator 1,180KV/320Hz passes through plasma generator 1, high-tension cable 3, electrode
Securing device 4, after discharge in water plasma electrode 5 discharges, electric energy is rapidly converted into impact energy, water-filled " U formula " etc. from
Pressure in daughter fracturing drilling well horizontal segment 192 increases sharply, and the original crack for the coal seam thick and hard roof 23 that makes to underlie starts to extend
And generate new crack；Demodulation probe 9 receives the signal of the sending of discharge in water plasma electrode 5 simultaneously, is passed by signal
Defeated line 8, signal amplifier 7 passes to data collecting instrument 6, and analyzes the reflection configuration delay time spread spectrum scenarios received, under
The fractured situation of volt coal seam thick and hard roof 23 is analyzed, and operates plasma pulse controller 2 so as to adjust electric discharge frequency
Rate (100Hz~600Hz), until the thick and hard roof 23 around the flat section 192 of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water realizes fracturing；
Step 6: plasma generator 1 is closed, mobile high-voltage cable 3, electrode securing device 4, discharge in water plasma electricity
Pole 5 and dual-purpose water pipe 14, high pressure spray head 15 and demodulation probe 9 arrive the residual of " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section 191
Exploiting field is left near coal column 22, and it is equal that 22 roof and floor of coal column is left in the residual exploiting field in " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section 191
Drilling well packer 17, and synchronizing moving signal transmssion line 8, demodulation probe 9 are installed, the 4th step, the 5th step, until " U are repeated
It leaves coal column 22 and realizes fracturing in residual exploiting field near formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section 191；
Step 7: plasma generator 1 is closed, recycling high-tension cable 3, electrode securing device 4, discharge in water plasma electricity
Pole 5 and dual-purpose water pipe 14, high pressure spray head 15 and demodulation probe 9, then the cooling control valve of open plasma generator, is stored up
The water of water pot 10 is by dual-purpose water pipe 14 through high-pressure pump 11, and cooler 12, plasma generator 1 returns to water tank 10, reciprocity
After plasma generator 1 cools down, the cooling control valve of plasma generator is closed, " U formula " plasma is finally blocked
Body fracturing drilling well 19；
Step 8: regarding " U formula " detection drilling well 20 as next " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well 19, adjacent non-presplitting " U
Formula " drilling well repeats third step to the 7th step, until all " U formulas " that second step drills through as next " U formula " detection drilling well 20
Thick and hard roof 23 and residual exploiting field near drilling well are left the whole fracturings of coal column 22 and are completed.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in skill of the invention
Art essence and principle within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column, it is characterised in that: this method
For: working seam leaves coal column group and interlayer thick and hard roof by above covering residual exploiting field, and residual exploiting field is left in coal column group and existed
The case where when two stable, coal column is left at 40 meters~200 meters of interval；Specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: passing through high-tension cable for plasma pulse controller, plasma generator, electrode securing device, liquid phase
The connection of discharge plasma electrode；Plasma pulse controller is connect by conducting wire with data collecting instrument；It is transmitted by signal
Line connects data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, demodulation probe；By dual-purpose water pipe by water tank, high-pressure pump, cooler, etc.
Plasma generator connects to form complete loops, the cooling control valve control switch of plasma generator；It will by dual-purpose water pipe
High-pressure pump, pressure gauge, high-pressure water nozzle connection, high-pressure water nozzle control valve control switch；And it is connected with ground power supply system；
Step 2: determine that coal column is left on ground and residual exploiting field, the position for the coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies and distance relation, in residual exploiting field
It leaves the ground right above coal column and drills through " U formula " drilling well, " U formula " drilling well number is L/d, and L is the working face of coal seam length that underlies,
D is wells spacing, and " U formula " drilling well is divided into the left vertical section of " U formula " drilling well, " U formula " drilling well horizontal segment and the right vertical section of " U formula " drilling well
Three parts, two vertical sections in left and right, which are each passed through two residual exploiting fields, to be left coal column arrival and underlies coal seam thick and hard roof, and horizontal segment exists
The coal seam thick and hard roof that underlies is interior parallel with advance of the face direction, and is controlling the intersection of two vertical sections and horizontal segment all
Directive wheel is installed, first " U formula " drilling well is known as " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well, and second " U formula " drilling well is known as " U
Formula " detection drilling well；Ground above " U formula " drilling well or so two vertical sections, a set of first step connection of each setting in left and right etc.
The device of the compound strong mine pressure of coal column is left in gas ions ground " U formula " abatement thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field, and two covering devices are bored in " U formula "
Construction procedure is identical at left and right sides of well, therefore only does side explanation；
Step 3: by dual-purpose water pipe, high-pressure water nozzle, high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode,
Across " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section, " U formula " the plasma fracturing that second step drills through is arranged in through directive wheel and is bored
In front of the drilling well packer of well horizontal segment initial position, and make the drilling well packer of the flat section of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water
Expansion shut-in well, synchronous signal transmission line, demodulation probe pass through " U formula " detection drilling well vertical section and are arranged in second step brill through directive wheel
The initial position of " U formula " the detection drilling well horizontal segment taken；
Step 4: opening high-pressure water nozzle control valve, the water in water tank by dual-purpose water pipe through high-pressure pump, penetrate by high-pressure water nozzle
Enter in the flat section of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water, observed by pressure gauge, when water is full of " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well
When inside horizontal segment, high-pressure water nozzle control valve is closed；
Step 5: opening plasma generator, alternating current passes through plasma generator, high-tension cable, the firm dress of electrode
Set-discharge in water plasma electrode electric discharge after, electric energy is rapidly converted into impact energy, water-filled " U formula " plasma fracturing
Pressure in drilling well horizontal segment increases sharply, and the original crack for the coal seam thick and hard roof that makes to underlie starts to extend and generate new split
Gap；Demodulation probe receives the signal of discharge in water plasma electrode sending simultaneously, passes through signal transmssion line, signal amplifier
Data collecting instrument is passed to, and analyzes the reflection configuration delay time spread spectrum scenarios received, coal seam thick and hard roof is split to underliing
Gap developmental state is analyzed, and operates plasma pulse controller so as to adjust discharge frequency, until " U formula " plasma-induced
The thick and hard roof split around drilling well horizontal segment realizes fracturing；Close plasma generator；
Step 6: mobile high-voltage cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode and dual-purpose water pipe, spraying water with high pressure
The residual exploiting field of head and demodulation probe to " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section is left near coal column, " U formula " plasma
Residual exploiting field in fracturing drilling well vertical section leaves coal column roof and floor and is mounted on drilling well packer, and synchronizing moving signal transmits
Line, demodulation probe repeat the 4th step, the 5th step, until the residual exploiting field near " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well vertical section is left
Coal column realizes fracturing；Close plasma generator；
Step 7: recycling high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode and dual-purpose water pipe, spraying water with high pressure
Head and demodulation probe, then open plasma generator cools down control valve, and the water of water tank is by dual-purpose water pipe through high pressure
Pump, cooler, plasma generator return to water tank, after plasma generator cools down, close plasma
Body generator cools down control valve, finally blocks " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well；
Step 8: by " U formula " detection drilling well as next " U formula " plasma fracturing drilling well, adjacent non-presplitting " U formula " is bored
Well repeats third step to the 7th step, until all " U formula " drilling wells that second step drills through are attached as next " U formula " detection drilling well
The completion of coal column whole fracturing is left in close thick and hard roof and residual exploiting field.
2. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in second step, the spacing d of " U formula " drilling well is 6~10 meters；The diameter of " U formula " drilling well be do be 155mm~
335mm。
3. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in second step, the angle a range on " U formula " drilling well or so vertical section and ground is in 75o~90o.
4. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in second step, " U formula " drilling well level section is located at the intersection of thick and hard roof and overlying rock.
5. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in third step, drilling well packer is located in front of directive wheel in 5~10 meters of the flat section of plasma fracturing Drilling Water.
6. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in third step, drilling well packer operating pressure is 30MPa~55MPa.
7. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in third step, self-sealing, compression or combined type drilling packer is can be selected in drilling well packer.
8. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
It is characterized in that: in the 4th step, electrolyte solution, the electrolysis is added in the flat section of " U formula " plasma fracturing Drilling Water of water-filling
Matter solution is NaOH solution.
9. the method according to claim 1 plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof and leave the compound strong mine pressure of coal column,
Be characterized in that: in the 5th step, discharge in water plasma electrode discharge voltage is 100kV~220kV, discharge frequency 100Hz
~600Hz.
10. one kind is for implementing the plasma U formula abatement thick and hard roof of any one of claim 1 ~ 9 the method and leaving coal
The device of the compound strong mine pressure of column, it is characterised in that: including plasma generator, plasma pulse controller, high-tension cable,
Electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode, data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, signal transmssion line, demodulation probe,
Water tank, high-pressure pump, cooler, pressure gauge, dual-purpose water pipe, high-pressure water nozzle, the cooling control valve of plasma generator, high pressure
Sprinkler head control valve；
Plasma pulse controller, plasma generator, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode pass through height
Voltage cable connection；Electric energy is passed through high-tension cable, electrode securing device, discharge in water plasma electrode by plasma generator
It is discharged, medium and high voltage cable is responsible for transmitting electric energy, and electrode securing device guarantees discharge in water plasma electrode
Normal work；
Plasma pulse controller, data collecting instrument, signal amplifier, demodulation probe pass sequentially through signal transmssion line connection；
Demodulation probe is responsible for receiving across coal/rock mass waveform signal, and Wave data is transferred to signal by signal transmssion line and is put
Big device after Wave data is amplified processing by signal amplifier, is finally transferred to data collecting instrument, and data collecting instrument will obtain
Wave data analyzed, judge coal/rock mass fracturing effect；
Water tank, cooler, plasma generator, by dual-purpose water pipe connects to form complete loops high-pressure pump, by it is equal from
Daughter generator cools down control valve T1Control switch；High-pressure pump is cooling through cooler again by dual-purpose water pipe by the water of water tank
Afterwards, it is transported to plasma generator, plasma generator cools down, and avoid plasma generator from overheating, and nothing
Method uses；High-pressure pump, pressure gauge, high-pressure water nozzle are connected by dual-purpose water pipe, pass through high-pressure water nozzle control valve T2Control is opened
It closes；The water of water tank is transported to high-pressure water nozzle by dual-purpose water pipe by high-pressure pump, is sprayed finally by high-pressure water nozzle.
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| CN114198100A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-18 | 太原理工大学 | Rock drilling high-temperature thermal cracking axial directional pre-splitting equipment |
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