CN110273086A - Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and application thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110273086A CN110273086A CN201910680610.3A CN201910680610A CN110273086A CN 110273086 A CN110273086 A CN 110273086A CN 201910680610 A CN201910680610 A CN 201910680610A CN 110273086 A CN110273086 A CN 110273086A
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- aluminum alloy
- heat exchanger
- aluminium alloy
- alloy material
- alloy materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials technical fields, more particularly to a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and application thereof.The present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger, element including following weight percent, Mn:0.15~1.5wt%, Fe:0.14~0.17wt%, Si:0.06~0.12wt%, Cu:0.005~0.1wt%, Al:95.10~99.64wt% and inevitable impurity element;Content≤0.02wt% of every kind of impurity element, total content≤0.1wt% of impurity element.The present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and application thereof, preferred adjustment has been carried out by the ratio to Mn, Fe, Si, Cu in aluminium alloy, make aluminum alloy materials provided by the invention, the intensity for being provided with improvement is balanced with extrudability energy, while not influencing the intensity of aluminum alloy materials, the extrudability energy for improving aluminum alloy materials reduces the cost of aluminum alloy materials shaped.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials technical fields, more particularly to a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and its use
On the way.
Background technique
Heat exchanger in the industrial productions such as petroleum, chemical industry, light industry, pharmacy, the energy is commonly used as cryogen to heat
Perhaps liquid is vaporized into steam by high temperature fluid cooling or steam is condensed into liquid.With the continuous hair of energy saving requirement
Exhibition, heat exchanger are applied to various industries as a kind of energy-saving equipment more and more widely.Heat exchanger in the prior art is closed with aluminium
Golden material cannot still reach the balance between good intensity and extrudability energy, and a part of aluminum alloy materials are due to intensity
Not enough, lead to the quality dissatisfaction of the heat exchanger using the aluminum alloy material;Another part aluminum alloy materials are due to intensity mistake
Height leads to the heat exchanger processing forming difficulty using the aluminum alloy material, and manufacturing process is complicated, manufacturing cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and application thereof, which has the strong of improvement
It spends balanced with extrudability energy.
The present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger comprising the element of following weight percent, Mn:0.15
~1.5wt%, Fe:0.14~0.17wt%, Si:0.06~0.12wt%, Cu:0.005~0.1wt%, Al:95.10~
99.64wt% and inevitable impurity element;Content≤0.02wt% of every kind of impurity element, the total content of impurity element
≤ 0.1wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that Mn is 0.15~0.4wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that Mn is 1.0~1.5wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that aluminum alloy materials further comprise Mg:2.0~
2.8wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that aluminum alloy materials further comprise Zn:
0.006wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that aluminum alloy materials further comprise Ti:
0.003wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that aluminum alloy materials further comprise R:0.05~
0.1wt%;R is rare earth element.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, it is preferable that aluminum alloy materials include Ce:0.08wt%.
A kind of purposes of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention, which is characterized in that aluminum alloy materials are for making
Make the cooling fin of heat exchanger.
The present invention have the advantage that or the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger and application thereof, by Mn, Fe, Si, Cu in aluminium alloy
Ratio carried out preferred adjustment, make aluminum alloy materials provided by the invention, be provided with improvement intensity and extrudability can
Equilibrium improves the extrudability energy of aluminum alloy materials while not influencing the intensity of aluminum alloy materials, reduces aluminium alloy
The cost of material shaped.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiment of the present invention, clear, complete explanation is carried out to optimal technical scheme of the present invention, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Therefore, below to offer
Detailed description in the embodiment of the present invention is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of this hair
Bright selected embodiment.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are without creative labor
Every other embodiment obtained, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger comprising the element of following weight percent, Mn:0.15
~1.5wt%, Fe:0.14~0.17wt%, Si:0.06~0.12wt%, Cu:0.005~0.1wt%, Al:95.10~
99.64wt% and inevitable impurity element;Content≤0.02wt% of every kind of impurity element, the total content of impurity element
≤ 0.1wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger provided by the invention is carried out by the ratio to Mn, Fe, Si, Cu in aluminium alloy
Preferred adjustment, makes aluminum alloy materials provided by the invention, be provided with the intensity of improvement and extrudability can it is balanced, not
While influencing the intensity of aluminum alloy materials, the extrudability energy of aluminum alloy materials is improved, the processing of aluminum alloy materials is reduced
The cost of forming.Intensity and extrudability it is good it is balanced do not obtained by improved casting production process, directly
By determining what the exact extension of the constituent content of Mn, Fe, Si, Cu in aluminium alloy obtained.
Aluminium alloy of the invention includes Mn element, and Mn element, which both dissolves in, plays invigoration effect in αsolidsolution, can also be with
The intermetallic compound Al of Al formation disperse6Mn hinders crystal grain to grow up, to play the role of refining crystal grain, the refinement of crystal grain
It is also beneficial to increase intensity;But as Mn content > 1.5wt%, due to forming a large amount of bulky grain brittleness Al6Mn causes aluminium to close
Golden plasticity significantly reduces, and pressure machining characteristics decline, intensity also declines.On the other hand, Al6The electrode potential phase of Mn and matrix
Closely, the corrosion current very little of generation, therefore aluminium alloy has excellent corrosion resistance.Those skilled in the art by the prior art it is found that
In the range of Mn content is 0.15~1.5wt%, the intensity of aluminium alloy becomes with the increase of Mn content in what is gradually increased
Gesture.In order to obtain the equilibrium of good extrudability energy and appropriate intensity, it is preferable that Mn content is 0.15~0.4 wt%.
In heat treating castings microsegregation easily occurs for Mn, keeps the microdistribution of Mn uneven.Suitable Fe shape is added
At (Mn, Fe) Al6, the segregation of Mn is reduced, to refine crystal grain.But Fe level is excessively high, can reduce solubility of the Mn in Al;
And the content of Mn and Fe is simultaneously when reaching higher level, it may appear that a coarse compound Al6Mn, it is unfavorable to rolling.In order to
Obtain extrudability energy high-intensitive and appropriate, it is preferable that Mn content is 1.0~1.5wt%, Fe:0.14~0.17wt%.
Aluminium alloy of the invention includes Cu element, and the heating conduction of aluminium alloy is improved with the increase of Cu content, simultaneously
Cu also helps increase intensity of aluminum alloy.But Cu content increases, and the density of aluminium alloy increases, and brittleness increases, under extrudability
Drop, corrosion resistance reduce, solderability decline.The aluminium alloy has high thermal effectiveness and thermal stability, but the line of aluminium alloy is received
Contracting and hot cracking tendency are big, and casting character is poor, is also easy to produce fire check.In order to improve the mobility of aluminium alloy, improve its castability
Can, hot cracking tendency after casting is reduced, is commonly incorporated into suitable Si to form a certain amount of ternary eutectic tissue (α+Si+CuAl2);But
The addition of Si can damage the heating conduction of aluminium alloy simultaneously, and Si level is excessively high, also will increase the hot cracking tendency of aluminium alloy,
Reduce the casting character of aluminium alloy.Preferably, Si:0.06~0.12wt%, Cu:0.005~0.1wt%.
Aluminium alloy of the invention further comprises Mg:2.0~2.8wt%.Mg combination Si is for further increasing aluminium alloy
Intensity, while fatigue strength with higher is enabled aluminum alloy to, it is conducive to extend the service life of aluminum alloy materials.But Mg content
It is unsuitable excessively high, in case the extrudability to aluminium alloy has an adverse effect.
Aluminium alloy of the invention further comprises Zn:0.006wt%.It is strong that the addition of Zn can further increase aluminium alloy
Degree, but excessively high Zn level can have an adverse effect to the corrosion resistance of extrudability energy and aluminium alloy, cause to increase and process
Cost shortens the service life of aluminium alloy, while also will increase the density of aluminium alloy, increases production and transportation cost.
Aluminium alloy of the invention further comprises Ti:0.003wt%.Ti has the function of refining crystal grain, while also helping
In the corrosion resistance for improving aluminium alloy.The addition of Ti further increases the homogeneity of aluminum alloy materials, to increase aluminium
The intensity of alloy improves the corrosion resistance of aluminium alloy.
Aluminium alloy of the invention further comprises R:0.05~0.1wt%;R is rare earth element.It should be noted that R packet
Pure rare earth element is included but be not limited to, further includes the mischmetal of two kinds and two or more rare earth element compositions;It is dilute if mixing
Soil, then the sum of content of each rare earth element of mischmetal is 0.05~0.1wt%.
Rare earth element is added in aluminium alloy, and the gases such as rare earth element and hydrogen have stronger affinity, can largely adsorb and
Dissolved hydrogen can generate the high compound of fusing point, and Dispersed precipitate will not assemble shape in molten aluminum with the hydrogen that compound is formed
At bubble, the hydrogen content and pin hole rate of aluminium are substantially reduced;Meanwhile the atomic radius of rare earth element is 0.174~0.204mm, greatly
In Al atomic radius (0.143mm).
Rare earth element is more active, it is fused in Al liquid, easily fills up the surface defect of alloy phase, to reduce new and old
Surface tension on two-phase interface so that the speed of nucleus growth increases, while forming surface also between crystal grain and aluminium alloy
Active membrane prevents the crystal grain generated from growing up, makes the structure refinement of alloy.In addition, the compound that Al and rare earth are formed is in molten metal
As external crystallization nucleus when crystallization, the structure refinement of alloy is made because of the substantial increase of nucleus number.
Invigoration effect of the rare earth in aluminium alloy mainly have refined crystalline strengthening, limited solid solution strengthen and rare earth compound the
Two-phase reinforcing etc..When rare earth adding quantity difference, rare earth mainly exists in the form of three kinds in aluminium alloy: Gu it melts in matrix α
(Al) in;Segregation melts in compound admittedly in phase boundary, crystal boundary and dendrite circle or exists with compound form.When content of rare earth compared with
(it is lower than 0.1%) when low, rare earth is mainly with first two formal distribution.The first form plays the role of limited solid solution reinforcing,
Second of form increases deformation drag, promotes dislocation multiplication, improves intensity.After addition rare earth in the as-cast structure of alloy
Alloy grain significantly reduces, and secondary dendrite spacing is possible to refine, between the metal that rare earth can be formed with elements such as Al, Mg, Si
Compound is distributed in crystal boundary or boundary in spherical and corynebacterium, has a large amount of dislocations to be distributed in tissue.When content of rare earth is greater than
0.3%, latter existence form starts to occupy an leading position.At this moment, rare earth initially forms many with the other elements in alloy and contains
The cenotype of rare earth element, while the shape of the second phase, size being made to change, the second phase may be made from shapes such as strips
It is transformed into the appearance of corynebacterium particle, the size of particle also becomes relatively fine, and is in Dispersed precipitate.It is most of to contain rare earth element
The second phase all there is particlized, nodularization and the feature of refinement, it is dilute that this variation all enhances aluminium alloy to a certain extent
The addition of earth elements helps to increase the intensity and thermal conductivity of aluminium alloy.
Aluminium alloy of the invention, it is preferable that further comprise Ce:0.08wt%.Ce is abundance highest in rare-earth element R
, raw material is compared other rare earth elements and is easy to get, and large-scale production is advantageously implemented.
The purposes of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger of the invention, aluminum alloy materials can be used for making dissipating for heat exchanger
Backing.The cooling fin made of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger of the invention, is not influencing the same of the intensity of aluminum alloy materials
When, the extrudability energy of aluminum alloy materials is improved, the cost of aluminum alloy materials shaped is reduced.
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated compared with comparative example, this embodiment is of the invention one specific
Embodiment, protection scope of the present invention are not limited by the embodiment.
Embodiment
One, test material and method
The weight percent of each component is as shown in table 1 in aluminium alloy A~N provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in addition, table 1 is also
Show the weight percent of each component of well known 3003 and 5A02 aluminium alloy.In table 1,3003 and 5A02 aluminium alloy it is each
The weight percent of component is detached from part overstriking of the invention and shows, and "-" indicates that corresponding component is not detected.
The processing method of aluminium alloy A~N provided in an embodiment of the present invention is summarized as follows: the aluminium alloy of said components is existed
It at a temperature of 720~740 DEG C, melts, refine in flame reverberatory furnace, filtering.At a temperature of 700~720 DEG C, ingot casting.Cast embryo heat
It rolls, anneal, then hot rolling, cold rolling obtains test aluminum alloy materials.
Aluminium alloy A~N provided in an embodiment of the present invention and well known 3003 and 5A02 aluminium alloy pass through to critical extruding
Than, elongation δ10, tensile strength sigmab, year corrosion depth and thermal coefficient λ evaluated.Critical extrusion ratio, elongation δ10、
Tensile strength sigmab, year corrosion depth and thermal coefficient λ these parameters test method belong to survey well known to those skilled in the art
Method for testing, therefore it will not be described here.
Wherein, critical extrusion speed: being processed into uniform shapes for each test material, is similarly being tested by extruder
Its critical extrusion speed is measured under parameter.It is subject to the critical extrusion speed of test material 5A02 (test obtains 126m/min)
(its critical extrusion ratio is 1.0), the critical extruding speed with the critical extrusion speed of each experimental material relative to test material 5A02
Critical extrusion ratio of the ratio of degree as each experimental material.
Each main component ratio of 1 test material of table
Two, test result analysis
Aluminium alloy A~N provided in an embodiment of the present invention and well known 3003 and 5A02 aluminium alloy pass through to critical extruding
Than, elongation δ10, tensile strength sigmab, year corrosion depth and thermal coefficient λ test result as shown in table 2.
The performance of 2 test material of table
Compare aluminium alloy A~N provided in an embodiment of the present invention and well known 3003 and the performance test knot of 5A02 aluminium alloy
Fruit closes aluminium provided in this embodiment it is found that carried out preferred adjustment by the ratio to Mn, Fe, Si, Cu in aluminium alloy
Golden material, the elongation for being provided with better extrudability and being obviously improved, this processes the extrusion molding of aluminum alloy materials
Technique be it is vital, the difficulty shaped and production cost of aluminum alloy materials can be substantially reduced;At the same time,
Aluminium alloy A~F provided in an embodiment of the present invention has with the tensile strength of well known 5A02 aluminium alloy substantially suitable, Ke Yida
120MPa or so is arrived, strength demand needed for can satisfy aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger;Hereby it is achieved that the intensity of improvement
It is balanced with extrudability energy.By comparing the year corrosion depth and thermal coefficient of each experimental material, invention can also be obtained
The aluminium alloy that embodiment provides compares well known 3003 and 5A02 aluminium alloy, has better corrosion resistance, is conducive to extend
The service life of heat exchanger.By further determining that for the constituent content to Mn, Fe, Si, Cu, be conducive to as large-scale production
This parameter of each component ratio of the aluminium alloy carries out more accurate control, while guaranteeing the quality of production of aluminium alloy.
Aluminium alloy A~F analysis is compared it is found that in order to obtain the equilibrium of excellent extrudability energy and appropriate intensity, preferably
Ground, Mn content are 0.15~0.4wt%, and the Mn level of the range is suitable for the situation for being formed with requirements at the higher level of material;Relatively
Ground, in order to obtain extrudability energy high-intensitive and appropriate, it is preferable that Mn content is 1.0~1.5wt%, the Mn water of the range
The flat intensity suitable for material has the situation of requirements at the higher level.
Aluminium alloy G, H, I of the Mg of 2.0~2.8wt% are added compared with aluminium alloy A~F without Mg, tensile strength
σbHave and further promoted, can achieve 130MPa or more.
The aluminium alloy J of the Ti of 0.003wt% is added compared with aluminium alloy A~F without Ti, tensile strength sigmabHave
It is further promoted, can achieve 152MPa;Corrosion resistance is obviously improved, and 3003 aluminium alloys is compared, under year corrosion rate
Drop 30%.
The aluminium alloy K of the Zn of 0.006wt% is added compared with aluminium alloy A~F without Zn, tensile strength sigmabHave
It is further promoted, can achieve 149MPa.
The aluminium alloy K of the Zn of 0.006wt% is added compared with aluminium alloy A~F without Zn, tensile strength sigmabHave
It is further promoted, can achieve 149MPa.
Aluminium alloy L, M, N of the rare earth element ce of 0.05~0.1wt% are added compared with aluminium alloy A~F without Ce,
Its tensile strength sigmabHave and further promoted, can achieve 153MPa~158MPa, the tension of even higher than 3003 and 5A02
Intensity still has both preferable extrudability at the same time;On the other hand, the thermal coefficient for adding the aluminium alloy of Ce greatly promotes,
Be conducive to heat to transmit in the fast speed heat of heat exchanger body, be conducive to the heat exchange efficiency for promoting heat exchanger.
Since the cost of Ce is relatively high, for the heat-conducting effect for using Ce as few as possible to reach relatively good, preferably
Ground, Ce:0.08wt%.
Aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger based on the above embodiment can be used for making the cooling fin of heat exchanger.In not shadow
While ringing the intensity of aluminum alloy materials, the extrudability energy of aluminum alloy materials is improved, it can also be according to the cooling fin of design
Specific structure select corresponding component proportion, to realize that extrudability, mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity reach good
Good equilibrium, to reduce production cost, extend the service life of cooling fin and improve heat exchange efficiency.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all utilizations
Equivalent structure transformation made by present specification is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technical fields, same
Reason is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger, which is characterized in that the element including following weight percent, Mn:0.15~
1.5wt%, Fe:0.14~0.17wt%, Si:0.06~0.12wt%, Cu:0.005~0.1wt%, Al:95.10~
99.64wt% and inevitable impurity element;Content≤0.02wt% of every kind of impurity element, the impurity element
Total content≤0.1wt%.
2. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Mn is 0.15~0.4wt%.
3. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Mn is 1.0~1.5wt%.
4. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy materials further wrap
Include Mg:2.0~2.8wt%.
5. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy materials further wrap
Include Zn:0.006wt%.
6. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy materials further wrap
Include Ti:0.003wt%.
7. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy materials further wrap
Include R:0.05~0.1wt%;The R is rare earth element.
8. aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy materials include Ce:
0.08wt%.
9. a kind of purposes of aluminum alloy material for heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the aluminium closes
Golden material is used to make the cooling fin of heat exchanger.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0273938A (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for heat exchanger |
JP2000212667A (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2000-08-02 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | Aluminum alloy extruded tube for heat exchanger excellent in corrosion resistance |
CN103347643A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2013-10-09 | 爱励轧制产品德国有限责任公司 | Aluminium brazing sheet material for fluxless brazing |
CN104264005A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 金龙精密铜管集团股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and air conditioner heat exchanger |
-
2019
- 2019-07-26 CN CN201910680610.3A patent/CN110273086A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0273938A (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for heat exchanger |
JP2000212667A (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2000-08-02 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | Aluminum alloy extruded tube for heat exchanger excellent in corrosion resistance |
CN103347643A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2013-10-09 | 爱励轧制产品德国有限责任公司 | Aluminium brazing sheet material for fluxless brazing |
CN104264005A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 金龙精密铜管集团股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and air conditioner heat exchanger |
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Application publication date: 20190924 |