CN110273082A - A kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloys of silicon bismuth and preparation method thereof, above-mentioned brass alloys are grouped as by following group by percentage to the quality: Cu 61~67%, Bi 0.5~1.0%, Si 0.8~1.25%, Al 0.3~0.7%, Sn 0.05~0.3%, Pb < 0.01%, B≤0.002%, Ti≤0.008%, rare earth alterative (three kinds of elements at least containing elements such as Nd, Eu, Er, Y, Zr)≤0.01%, surplus is Zn and the impurity less than 0.3%, wherein, 0.4≤Bi/Si≤1.1.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy more particularly to a kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Ledrite (the common trade mark be HPb59-1) in the extensive use in copper alloy products field of paddling, be based on for a long time with
Carry out the result of many factors comprehensive functions such as preferred material composition, optimum preparation condition and manufacturing technology level promotion.Lead and yellow-collation
Copper can cause environmental pollution in production, use process, endanger human health.The harm of lead has been rooted in the hearts of the people and has been influenced deep
Far.Therefore, a series of " unleaded " standards and decree have successively been formulated with developed countries and regions such as the U.S., European Union, Japan, such as
NSF-ANSI61, NSF-ANSI372, AB-1953, RoHS, AS/NZS, S3874 etc..Wherein, the unleaded bill rule of the S3874 in the U.S.
Determined to paddle device lead content weighted average calculation method, and the mass percent measuring and calculation numerical value of clear lead is less than
It is as unleaded when 0.25wt%；Chinese " ceramic cartridge faucet " " in (GB/T 18145-2014) regulation drinking water components
The amount of precipitation of lead should be less than 5 μ g/L.However, above-mentioned file is not total from lead content (mass percent) and scorification output (μ g/L)
With amount of the quantitative assessment lead in paddle device and sphere of action.Again plus market guide and specification measure are short of, whether there is or not
The problems such as technique applicability of lead and yellow-collation copper product is irregular causes such material to be limited in research and development and practical promote and apply.
Lead in ledrite is present in matrix with simple substance form, can improve its cutting ability, can also be with Pb2+Form and
Cl in solution-、SO4 2-Ion etc. forms PbCl2、PbSO4Equal passivating films, to prevent the progress of its Dezincification corrosion.It realizes yellow
The unleaded main path of copper is to be present in Cu-Zn matrix by preferred other non-lead element substitution lead with simple substance or compound
In, meet the composite request of the performances such as molding, cutting, Dezincification corrosion resistant.Currently, having started marketing in device industry of paddling
There are two main classes for the lead-free reflow of application, i.e. Bi brass and silizin.Beneficial effect and lead of the bismuth (Bi) in Cu-Zn matrix
(Pb) similar, however, Bi is distributed in α phase in the phase boundary of β phase with simple substance form and in film-form, easily lead to casting, welding, heat
Hot tearing is generated in the forming processes such as crowded, and stress corrosion failure easily occurs in use.The silicon in the addition of Cu-Zn alloy
(Si) it can be effectively improved brass alloys casting and welding mobility, improve the welding technological properties of the alloy, in the welding process
Silicon can also inhibit zinc evaporation and oxide to be mingled with, and can also effectively enhance the consistency and pressure resistance, wear-resisting property and thermal conductivity of alloy
Performance etc..However, due to the solution strengthening of Si element and the precipitation of hard crisp high silicon compound phase, it often can be in identical copper content condition
The lower machinability and plastic forming performance for significantly reducing brass alloys, and directly affect plate surface quality (such as: point).Cause
This, silizin is often composition metal (70wt%Cu or more), higher cost.
For molding and the application performance for improving above-mentioned two classes lead-free reflow, frequently with the mode of polynary a small amount of alloying,
Based on Bi, Si plus on the basis of third element, other alloying elements are added, such as: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg), tin (Sn), tellurium
(Te), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), phosphorus (P), boron (B), selenium (Se), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce) etc..On
It is individually or comprehensive in use, can improve the certain moldings of brass and application performance, however, some elements are per se with poison to state element
Property (such as: Te, As, Sb, P), some elements are expensive (Sn, Te, Se etc.), some elements promoted brass material usability
Its processability (such as mobility) but can be significantly weakened while (such as intensity, corrosion resistance), thus need to be in ingredient and preparation work
Consider comprehensively in skill optimization design.
CN101633987A discloses silicon brass alloy stick or alloy pig of a kind of leadless environment-friendly and preparation method thereof, the Huang
The ingredient of copper alloy are as follows: 60wt%~70wt%Cu, 0.7wt%~3.0wt%Si ,≤0.15wt%Al ,≤0.25wt%Pb,
≤ 0.5wt%Fe ,≤0.3wt%Sn ,≤0.1wt%P ,≤0.2wt%Ni ,≤0.25wt%Sb, surplus are zinc and can not keep away
The impurity exempted from.In above scheme, in addition to Cu, Zn, Si, P for having explanation, the content of other non-inevitable impurity elements is equal
Greater than 0.1wt%, illustrates that these elements are specially added in alloying process, do not handed in preparation process but；
And in fusion process, Si is added in the form of intermediate alloy, higher cost；In addition, Al%≤0.1wt% in optimization ingredient, root
It is summarized according to the effect description of aluminium element in casting yellow copper alloy and long-term practical experience, as Al%=0.4wt%~0.8wt%
When, it can just play the role of being effectively improved mobility to brass alloys, it is evident that the aluminium content in above-mentioned patent is far below this warp
Test range.
CN104372199A discloses a kind of leadless environment-friendly silizin, with silicon and graphite for the main adduction gold dollar of non-matrix
Element, and the thermoplasticity to improve brass alloys and free-cutting machinability is main targets.The ingredient of the brass alloys are as follows: 58.0wt%~
63.0wt%Cu, 31.0wt%~41.7wt%Zn, 0.2wt%~0.7wt%Al, 0.1wt%~2.2wt%Si ,≤
0.05wt%Pb, 0.2wt%~2.0wt%C, the total amount of impurity are no more than 0.08wt%, and in above scheme, Si is still closed with centre
Golden form is added.
CN108866383A discloses a kind of unleaded silicon brass alloy and its manufacturing method, the brass alloys ingredient are as follows:
60wt%~63wt%Cu, 0.6wt%~0.8wt%Si, 0.05wt%~0.15wt%Pb, 0.2wt%~0.5wt%A1,
0wt%~0.3wt%Sn, 0wt%~0.1wt%Ni, 0.02wt%~0.1w.%Fe, 0.0002wt%~0.0010wt%
B, remaining is Zn and inevitable impurity, and wherein Cu and Zn total content is greater than 97.0wt%.However, being clearly shown in the patent
Lead element is intentionally added by way of pure lead pig, and production pollution is easily directly contributed.
CN105274387B discloses a kind of lead-free free-cutting high strength anti-corrosion silicon brass alloy and preparation method and application,
Ingredient are as follows: 56wt%~60wt%Cu, 38wt%~42wt%Zn, 0.003wt%~0.01wt%B, 0.03wt%~
0.06wt%Ti, 1.0wt%~1.5%Si and 0.5wt%~0.90wt%Al or 0.5wt%~0.8wt%Si and 1.0wt%
~1.5wt%A1, and the zinc equivalent of all components is between 48wt%~50wt%.The patent passes through control Si, Al constituent content,
And by addition B and Ti composite crystal grain fining agent, regulates and controls the phase composition and its distribution of alloy, keep tiny dotted γ phase equal
Even Dispersed precipitate is on β phase matrix, obtaining a kind of the unleaded of the excellent combination properties such as tensile strength, corrosion resisting property, cutting ability
Brass alloys.However, the alloy when calculating the phase composition of alloy object using zinc equivalent, has used the zinc equivalent formula of mistake (to divide
Female part apparent error), to keep optimizing components result insincere.In addition, utilizing Metallograph provided by the patent
Calculated, matrix grain size is quite coarse (at least more than 300 μm), can not embody the effect of crystal grain refinement at all.According to
The basic common sense of materialogy, coarse crystal grain will result directly in the deterioration of material mechanical performance and processability, it is difficult to embody patent
Mentioned in performance improvement effect.Used in preparation process after all melting red copper and copper silicon intermediate alloy (1050~
1100 DEG C) it is cooled to the mode that aluminium ingot and zinc ingot metal is added in 400~700 DEG C of sequences again, hence it is evident that it consumes energy and at high cost.
To sum up, what although the scheme having in existing above-mentioned technical proposal claimed preparation is lead-free reflow, but exists and specially adds
The phenomenon that entering lead element；For high-melting point alloy element (such as: Si), (such as: Cu-Si is closed mostly in the form of intermediate alloy in segmentation scheme
Gold) it is added, although component ratio preferably regulates and controls relatively, higher cost；It is often logical for low melting point constituent element in segmentation scheme
It crosses and is added when high-temperature fusant is down to lower temperature, energy consumption phenomenon is serious.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, now providing a kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth and preparation method thereof, it is intended to low copper, " nothing
(≤67wt%Cu ,≤0.01wt%Pb) combines the melt treatment of optimization in lead " ingredient design basis, and emphasis promotes brass
The mobile performance of alloy effectively avoids liquid condition shaping defect, and meets product subsequent technique performance and service performance requirement.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
The first aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth, has the feature that, with matter
Percentages are measured, brass alloys are grouped as by following group: Cu 61~67%, Bi 0.5~1.0%, Si 0.8~1.25%, Al
0.3~0.7%, Sn 0.05~0.3%, Pb < 0.01%, B≤0.002%, Ti≤0.008%, rare earth alterative≤
0.01%, surplus is Zn and the impurity less than 0.3%, wherein 0.4≤Bi/Si≤1.1.
The above-mentioned unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth, also has the feature that, rare earth alterative include La, Ce, Nd,
At least three kinds in Eu, Er, Y, Zr.
The above-mentioned unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth also has the feature that, impurity mainly includes Fe, Cr, Ni element,
And the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni element is less than 0.06%.
In the present invention under the premise of guaranteeing grain structure thinning effect, required to meet mechanical polishing with plating, strictly
By B element content control be≤0.002%, Ti constituent content control be≤0.008%, and further by Bi/Si control 0.4
~1.1；It is≤0.01wt% by total additional amount control of rare earth alterative meanwhile to improve bismuth phase morphology in the present invention.
Relative to ledrite (HPb59-1), the composition characteristic of the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided by the present invention
Are as follows:
1) deoxidation can be achieved in Si in brass alloys melting, to be effectively improved the casting character and machinability of alloy
Can, Dezincification corrosion resistant performance is improved, and the thermal conductivity of brass alloys can be improved and be subjected to the dimensional stability of cold and hot variation.This hair
Zinc equivalent coefficient in bright due to Si is high, thus directly reduces alpha phase zone, thus is worked as by properly increasing Cu content with reducing zinc
Coefficient of discharge simultaneously adjusts α phase and β Phase Proportion, in conjunction with the presence of bismuth simple substance in the present invention, can integrate the cutting ability for improving alloy；
2) Bi action characteristic in brass is similar with Pb, is conducive to improve alloy cutting ability.If Bi is excessive, Yi Ji
Body phase boundary generate Bi cohesion tendency, so as to cause casting hot tearing, thus in the present invention under conditions of meeting service performance as far as possible
Bi content is reduced, with effectively save cost.
3) Sn disperse is solid-solution in matrix, inhibits the movement of zinc atom, moreover it is possible to which the crystal boundary of strengthened copper alloy makes the corruption of crystal boundary
Erosion susceptibility substantially reduces, and corrosion resistance can be improved, especially can inhibit β phase Dezincification corrosion, and can improve casting character, reduces
Casting Blowholes and it is loose the defects of；But above-mentioned beneficial effect obviously weakens and cost of alloy when Sn content is greater than 0.3wt%
Increase, thus the control of Sn content is≤0.3% in the present invention.
4) Al is also helped other than improving fluidity of molten and is generated oxidation film Al in alloy surface2O3, play passivation corrosion protection
Effect；But more serious solution strengthening is easily led to when Al content higher (being greater than 0.7wt%), so that alloy rigidity is higher, no
Conducive to machining, thus in the present invention, Al content control is≤0.7%.
5) B and Ti is mainly derived from the grain refiner of brass alloys, by promoting crystalline structure (especially primary crystal β phase)
Refinement, makes α phase morphology become short-movie shape by original long gill shape, and eliminate the directionality of β phase, further, can also promote
Make the tiny dispersion of Bi phase at α phase and β phase phase boundary, casting hot tearing can be effectively prevented.When B% > 0.002wt%, B easily with Fe,
The elements such as Cr form intermetallic compound, and polishability is deteriorated (there are Hard Inclusions) and easily causes plating point.Therefore, when casting is wanted
When seeking great surface quality, the impurity elements such as stringent Fe, Cr simultaneously are needed, usually control (Fe+Cr) content in 0.05wt% or less.
The second aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth, has this
The feature of sample, includes the following steps:
1) the 1/6 pure red copper rice for being no more than Cu element melting total amount is first added in having core main frequency furnace, is in half to it
Sequentially composition proportion weighing and preheated tin slab, bismuth ingot and aluminium ingot are pressed in indentation when molten condition, then are covered and be no more than Cu member
The pure red copper rice of the 1/12 of plain melting total amount, heating melts copper rice after alloying element is completely melt；
2) it weighs by composition proportion through industrial pure silicon broken in advance, is pressed into copper liquid after being preheated, immediately in pressure not
More than 1/12 pure red copper rice of Cu element melting total amount, and by the copper plate of Cu element melting total amount addition surplus, in red copper
When plate melts volume up to 70~80%, environmental protection is uniformly sprinkled into toward copper liquid surface by the additional amount of 0.75kg/ (brass alloys per ton)
Type scarfing cinder flux, then it is pressed into preheated zinc ingot metal, after zinc ingot metal is completely melt, then press the addition of 0.5kg/ (brass alloys per ton)
It measures toward copper liquid surface and is uniformly sprinkled into above-mentioned environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again, and in 1020 DEG C of 10~15min of standing；
3) sample detection ingredient, and composition adjustment is carried out according to composition detection data；
4) copper alloy fining agent is pressed into copper liquid by the additional amount bell jar of 75~125g/ (brass alloys per ton), sufficiently
Stirring, after complete reaction again with bell jar by load weighted rare earth alterative be pressed into copper liquid, stir evenly and sufficiently reaction after in
1020 DEG C of 15~20min of standing；
5) flame, stirring, beat ash, fishing slag, should stop in fire door when requiring copper ash spoon during beating ash for grey beat from copper water
About 20s is stayed, to guarantee that copper water all flows into crucible in ash；
6) it carries out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup inner surface is thick
Rugosity, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are all satisfied requirement, can cast；Conversely, then continuing to refine
Processing requires until meeting refining, obtains copper liquid of the Pb less than 0.1%；
7) turn casting ladle, at 980~1000 DEG C with metal mold casting ingot.
Preparation method provided in the present invention has the advantages that
1) it using pure red copper rice as the pre- melt material in crucible bottom in the present invention, smelting time can be saved, cooperation cold burden adds,
Be conducive to control copper liquid and be in semi-molten state (temperature is lower), to increase copper liquid viscosity, effectively low-density raw material is inhibited to float,
Improve element absorption rate；
2) low melting point, low-density are pressed into the present invention in low temperature copper liquid and measures few raw material, and guarantees sufficient standing
Time can effectively prevent oxidization burning loss, be conducive to the abundant diffusion reaction of element, be convenient for control composition, save production cost；
3) slag-cleaning agent is added by several times in smelt stage appropriate in the present invention, it is ensured that slag-cleaning agent sufficiently adsorbs in copper liquid
Oxide slag inclusion avoids disposably adding slag-cleaning agent vulnerable problem when high temperature；And further combined with flame processing in the present invention
(zinc fume is sprayed from fire door, is oxidized burning) comprehensive purifying copper liquid, can be improved the distributing homogeneity of effective constituent element, reduces slag inclusion
The probability of primary battery is formed with matrix, reduces corrosion rate；
4) crystal grain refinement is carried out before flame in the present invention, to increase grain boundary area, reduce ormolu annode area, prevent
Only the preferential dissolution of selectivity occurs for zinc, to increase macroscopical proportion of equiaxed grain in ingot casting, reducing influences ingot casting compactness not
Sharp organizational factor.
5) Bi phase Metamorphism treatment is carried out in the present invention after crystal grain refinement, promoting Bi phase is in that tiny shape is scattered in matrix phase
Near boundary.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is macrostructure's shape appearance figure of the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the microstructure morphology of the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure (corrosion state) of the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (polishing state) of the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is that the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out fluidity testing time cup
Longitudinal section shape appearance figure；
Fig. 6 is the chip shape figure of the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor it is obtained it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but not as the limitation of the invention.
A kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth, by percentage to the quality, brass alloys are grouped as by following group: Cu 61
~67%, Bi 0.5~1.0%, Si 0.8~1.25%, Al 0.3~0.7%, Sn 0.05~0.3%, Pb < 0.01%, B
≤ 0.002%, Ti≤0.008%, rare earth alterative≤0.01%, surplus are Zn and the impurity less than 0.3%, wherein 0.4≤
Bi/Si≤1.1；
Wherein, above-mentioned rare earth alterative includes at least three kinds in La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Er, Y, Zr；Impurity mainly includes
Fe, Cr, Ni element, and the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni element is less than 0.06%.
Based on every furnace melting 2000kg silicon bismuth LEAD-FREE BRASS ALLOY, the preparation of the above-mentioned unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth includes
Following steps:
1) the pure red copper rice of 200kg is first added in having core main frequency furnace, sequentially indentation is pressed when it is in semi-molten state
Composition proportion weighs and preheated tin slab (>=99.9wt%Sn), bismuth ingot (>=99.9wt%Bi) and aluminium ingot (L01), then covers
The pure red copper rice of upper 100kg, heating melts copper rice after alloying element is completely melt；
2) industrial the pure silicon (>=99.7wt% through broken in advance (about 50mm × 50mm × 50mm) is weighed by composition proportion
Si), it is pressed into copper liquid after being preheated, presses the pure red copper rice of upper 100kg immediately, and surplus is added by Cu element melting total amount
Copper plate (standard cathode copper) is uniformly sprinkled into the environmental protection of 1.5kg toward copper liquid surface when copper plate melts volume up to 70~80%
Type scarfing cinder flux, then it is pressed into preheated zinc ingot metal (0#), uniformly it is sprinkled into 1kg's after zinc ingot metal is completely melt, then toward copper liquid surface
Environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux, and in 1020 DEG C of 10~15min of standing；
3) sample detection ingredient, and composition adjustment is carried out according to composition detection data；
4) 150~250g copper alloy fining agent bell jar is pressed into copper liquid, is sufficiently stirred, uses bell jar again after complete reaction
Load weighted rare earth alterative is pressed into copper liquid, in 1020 DEG C of 15~20min of standing after stirring evenly and sufficiently reacting；
5) flame, stirring, beat ash, fishing slag, should stop in fire door when requiring copper ash spoon during beating ash for grey beat from copper water
About 20s is stayed, to guarantee that copper water all flows into crucible in ash.
6) it carries out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup inner surface is thick
Rugosity, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are all satisfied requirement, can cast；Conversely, then continuing to refine
Processing requires until meeting refining, obtains the copper liquid that Pb is less than 0.01wt%；
7) turn casting ladle, at 980~1000 DEG C with metal mold casting ingot.
The mass percentage of each component is as shown in the table in the embodiment of the present invention 1~3:
| Element | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Cu/% | 61 | 64 | 67 |
| Bi/% | 0.5 | 0.94 | 1.0 |
| Si/% | 0.8 | 0.87 | 1.25 |
| Al/% | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Sn/% | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.3 |
| Pb/% | 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| B/% | 0.002 | 0.0016 | 0.0012 |
| Ti/% | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Rare earth alterative/% | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.01 |
| Impurity/% | 0.28 | 0.25 | 0.21 |
| Zn/% | Surplus | Surplus | Surplus |
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, cross section macroscopic view equiax crystal region is up to 95% in the ingot casting provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1
More than；α phase is in polygon with β phase, non-bodkin shape or foliaceous, is conducive to avoid to generate stress concentration when stress, and α phase and β
Phase fine uniform, average-size is less than 40 μm, β Phase Proportion about 60%.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth of the invention is after Metamorphism treatment, and Bi phase is with fine particle
Shape is distributed in the intersection of α phase and β phase；And in the case where polishing state, the Bi phase of tiny dispersion can also be clearly seen.
Using the mobility of the qualitative comparison brass alloys of the common light cup test in production scene in the present invention, as a result such as Fig. 5
Shown, light cup any surface finish shows the alloy grain good in refining effect and has good mobile performance.
The brass alloys performance test provided in above-described embodiment 1~3 is as shown in the table:
| Embodiment | Brinell hardness | Dezincification layer depth | Opposite stock removal rate | Pb amount of precipitation |
| Embodiment 1 | 81HRB | 145μm | 87% | 0.06μg/L |
| Embodiment 2 | 83HRB | 147μm | 85% | 0.04μg/L |
| Embodiment 3 | 85HRB | 143μm | 89% | 0.02μg/L |
| HPb59-1 | 77HBW | - | - | - |
Brinell hardness tests the hardness of alloy according to GB/T231.1-2009 in the present invention；Dezincification layer depth foundation
GB/T10119-2008 tests the dezincification layer depth of alloy；Pb amount of precipitation is according to GB/T18145-2014 to this hair of utilization
The a certain style tap for washbasin ontology of the brass alloys manufacture of bright offer is tested.
Opposite stock removal rate test method in the present invention are as follows: with metal mold cast φ 50mm alloy bar, setting main shaft turns
Fast 870r/min, amount of feeding 0.26mm/r measure alloy cutting resistance or energy consumption using cutting force experiment instrument.It is assumed that American Standard lead and yellow-collation
The opposite stock removal rate of copper C36000 is 100, calculate alloy bar opposite stock removal rate, and then evaluate the superiority and inferiority of its cutting power,
Alloy bar is as follows with respect to stock removal rate calculation formula:
As seen from the above table, the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth provided by the invention is shown under same Cutting and machining conditions
Good free cutting property, American Standard ledrite C36000, the opposite stock removal rate of brass alloys is up to flat under heterogeneity conditions of mixture ratios
Mean value is up to 87%.
Further, as shown in Figure 6, it when the brass alloys provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1 carry out cutting test, cuts
Bits show that the brittleness Bi phase of small and dispersed in the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth is cut in alloy in tiny fragmentation bits and c-type bits
Play the role of good chip breaking in the process, this is also that there is the alloy the inherent of good stock removal rate to guarantee.
The above is only preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the implementation manners and the protection scope of the present invention, right
For those skilled in the art, it should can appreciate that and all replace with being equal made by description of the invention and diagramatic content
It changes and obviously changes obtained scheme, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth, which is characterized in that by percentage to the quality, the brass alloys are by such as the following group
Be grouped as: Cu 61~67%, Bi 0.5~1.0%, Si 0.8~1.25%, Al 0.3~0.7%, Sn 0.05~0.3%,
Pb < 0.01%, B≤0.002%, Ti≤0.008%, rare earth alterative≤0.01%, surplus are Zn and miscellaneous less than 0.3%
Matter, wherein 0.4≤Bi/Si≤1.1.
2. the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rare earth alterative includes
At least three kinds in La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Er, Y, Zr.
3. the unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the impurity mainly include Fe,
Cr, Ni element, and the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni element is less than 0.06%.
4. a kind of preparation method of any one of claim 1-3 unleaded casting yellow copper alloy of silicon bismuth, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
1) the 1/6 pure red copper rice for being no more than Cu element melting total amount is first added in having core main frequency furnace, is in semi-molten to it
Sequentially composition proportion weighing and preheated tin slab, bismuth ingot and aluminium ingot are pressed in indentation when state, then are covered molten no more than Cu element
The 1/12 pure red copper rice for refining total amount, heating melts copper rice after alloying element is completely melt；
2) it weighs by composition proportion through industrial pure silicon broken in advance, is pressed into copper liquid after being preheated, is no more than in pressure immediately
1/12 pure red copper rice of Cu element melting total amount, and by the copper plate of Cu element melting total amount addition surplus, it is molten in copper plate
When changing volume up to 70~80%, it is clear that toward copper liquid surface environment-friendly type is uniformly sprinkled by the additional amount of 0.75kg/ (brass alloys per ton)
Slag flux, then it is pressed into preheated zinc ingot metal, it is past after zinc ingot metal is completely melt, then by the additional amount of 0.5kg/ (brass alloys per ton)
Copper liquid surface is uniformly sprinkled into environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again, and in 1020 DEG C of 10~15min of standing；
3) sample detection ingredient, and composition adjustment is carried out according to composition detection data；
4) copper alloy fining agent is pressed into copper liquid by the additional amount bell jar of 75~125g/ (brass alloys per ton), is sufficiently stirred,
Load weighted rare earth alterative is pressed into copper liquid with bell jar again after complete reaction, in 1020 DEG C after stirring evenly and sufficiently reacting
Stand 15~20min；
5) flame, stirring, beat ash, fishing slag, when copper ash spoon being required grey will to beat from copper water during beating ash should fire door stop about
20s, to guarantee that copper water all flows into crucible in ash；
6) it carries out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup rough inner surface
Degree, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are all satisfied requirement, can cast；Conversely, then continuing at refining
Reason requires until meeting refining, obtains copper liquid of the Pb less than 0.01%；
7) turn casting ladle, ingot of casting at 980~1000 DEG C.
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| CN110923497A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-03-27 | 福建工程学院 | Intermediate alloy for refining crystalline structure of copper and copper alloy, preparation method and application process thereof |
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| JP2000239765A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-09-05 | Joetsu Material Kk | Leadless corrosion resistant brass alloy for metallic mold casting or for sand mold casting, metallic mold cast product or sand mold cast product, and leadless corrosion resistant brass alloy for continuous casting or continuous cast product |
| CN1521281A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | ͬ�Ϳ�ҵ��ʽ���� | Copper-based alloy excellent in dezincing resistance |
| CN103882255A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-25 | 安新县华昌合金厂 | Lead-free bronze alloy and application thereof |
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| JP2000239765A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-09-05 | Joetsu Material Kk | Leadless corrosion resistant brass alloy for metallic mold casting or for sand mold casting, metallic mold cast product or sand mold cast product, and leadless corrosion resistant brass alloy for continuous casting or continuous cast product |
| CN1521281A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | ͬ�Ϳ�ҵ��ʽ���� | Copper-based alloy excellent in dezincing resistance |
| CN103882255A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-25 | 安新县华昌合金厂 | Lead-free bronze alloy and application thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110923497A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-03-27 | 福建工程学院 | Intermediate alloy for refining crystalline structure of copper and copper alloy, preparation method and application process thereof |
| CN110923497B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-03-16 | 福建工程学院 | Intermediate alloy for refining crystalline structure of copper and copper alloy, preparation method and application process thereof |
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