CN110272765B - Inertial separation dust remover and dust removing method - Google Patents
Inertial separation dust remover and dust removing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110272765B CN110272765B CN201910396430.2A CN201910396430A CN110272765B CN 110272765 B CN110272765 B CN 110272765B CN 201910396430 A CN201910396430 A CN 201910396430A CN 110272765 B CN110272765 B CN 110272765B
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- solid particles
- central cylinder
- cylinder
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000011044 inertial separation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
Abstract
The invention relates to an inertial separation dust remover and a dust removing method. According to the principle that different flow velocities are realized by the same flow and different sectional areas, the central cylinder in the dust remover is arranged into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, an inner cavity formed between the central cylinder and the shell of the dust remover is correspondingly divided into three areas with different volumes, the change of the gas flow velocity is realized by utilizing the change of the space volume where gas flows, and the purpose of efficiently and quickly separating solid phase objects from gas phase objects is realized by utilizing the momentum of solid particles increased under the action of a gravitational field. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design structure, scientific separation method, good gas-solid separation effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas-solid substance separation, in particular to a dust remover for separating coal gas and solid particles in dust-containing coal gas, and particularly relates to a dust remover for separating coal gas and carbon-containing particles by changing the flow rate of the dust-containing coal gas and increasing the momentum of the particles; also relates to a method for separating gas phase substances and solid phase substances in the multiphase fluid.
Background
A cyclone separator in a coal-to-gas gasification system is a separation device used for separating carbon-containing solid particles in high-temperature coal gas. It separates a large amount of high temperature solid material from the gas stream. The cyclone separator adopts a vertical barrel structure, high-temperature coal gas prepared by the coal gasification furnace tangentially enters the inner cavity of the cyclone separator from the side wall of the upper part of the cyclone separator to form rotary motion, and coal ash solid particles with larger inertial centrifugal force are thrown to the outer wall surface to be separated, so that the gas-solid separation of the solid particles and the high-temperature coal gas is realized. However, in the actual separation process, because the airflow velocity of the high-temperature coal gas is low, the inertial centrifugal force formed by the tangential rotation of the solid particles is not large enough, and the solid particles are often not completely thrown out for separation, so that the high-temperature coal gas flowing out of the central cylinder still contains a large amount of coal ash and dust particles which flow into the next equipment along with the high-temperature coal gas from the central cylinder. On one hand, the carbon conversion rate of raw material coal is low, on the other hand, great pressure is brought to a dust removal process at the rear part of the system, and the cleanliness of coal gas is also greatly influenced. Therefore, it is desirable to have a cyclone dust collector with good separation effect on solid particles applied to a coal-to-liquid fluidized bed gasification system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to better separate solid particles from dust-containing coal gas, the invention provides an inertial separation dust remover and a dust removing method, according to the principle that the air flow speed is changed according to the same flow rate and different flow cross-sectional areas, an inner cavity formed between a central cylinder and a dust remover shell is divided into three areas with different cross sections, and the change of the air flow speed is realized by utilizing the change of the space cross section of the air flow, so that the aim of efficiently and quickly separating solid phase substances and gas phase substances is fulfilled.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to implement, and an inertial separation dust remover comprises: the gas-solid separator comprises a shell, a central cylinder and a bin pump, wherein one or more gas inlet pipelines are arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the shell, a gas outlet pipeline is arranged at the top of the shell, the bin pump is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the central cylinder is arranged in the shell, the upper end of the central cylinder penetrates through the top of the shell and is communicated with the gas outlet pipeline, an annular space formed between the central cylinder and the shell is an inner cavity of the dust remover, gas with carbon-containing solid particles enters the inner cavity from the gas inlet pipeline, and the gas after gas-solid separation enters the gas outlet pipeline through a channel in the central cylinder; the bin pump is communicated with the dust remover, and the carbon-containing solid particles enter the bin pump after being separated and enter the gasification furnace from the bin pump for circulating combustion; the central cylinder consists of an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the upper part is a cylinder with smaller diameter, the middle part is a horn cylinder, the lower part is a cylinder with larger diameter, the lower port of the upper cylinder is connected with the small port of the middle horn cylinder, and the large port of the middle horn cylinder is connected with the upper port of the lower cylinder; the central cylinder divides the inner cavity of the dust remover into three through-flow spaces I, II and III, wherein the annular space on the side surface of the upper cylindrical cylinder is set into the through-flow space I with a larger cross section, the carbon-containing coal gas spirally descends in the area, and the carbon-containing solid particles descend and fall along with the airflow; the annular space on the side surface of the middle trumpet-shaped cylinder is set as a flow space II, and the flow cross section with large upper part and small lower part accelerates the carbon-containing coal gas to descend; an annular space on the side surface of the lower cylindrical barrel is set into a III through-flow space with a smaller cross section, the carbon-containing coal gas rapidly descends in the area, and the carbon-containing solid particles are impacted to rapidly move downwards; the coal gas in the area below the central cylinder has a slow moving speed and flows upwards, and enters the gas outlet pipeline through the central cylinder, and the carbon-containing solid particles rapidly move downwards and are deposited in the bin pump.
Furthermore, the central cylinder consists of two parts, namely a cylinder at the upper part and a horn cylinder at the middle part.
An inertial separation dust removal method comprises the following steps: feeding the coal gas with the carbon-containing solid particles into a dust remover to carry out the following steps: (1) tangentially feeding coal gas with carbon-containing solid particles into the dust remover along an annular space between the inner wall of the dust remover shell and the outer wall of the central cylinder; (2) the carbon-containing coal gas enters a through-flow space with a larger cross section in the step (1), the movement speed of the carbon-containing coal gas is reduced, one side of the carbon-containing coal gas makes a spiral movement downwards in the through-flow space with the larger cross section, and carbon-containing solid particles in the carbon-containing coal gas are separated and fall under the action of gravity; (3) the carbon-containing coal gas after the step (2) moves downwards to enter a through-flow space with a smaller cross section, at the moment, the movement speed of the carbon-containing coal gas is accelerated, and carbon-containing solid particles entering the smaller through-flow space are impacted to quickly fall down; (4) the carbon-containing gas after the step (3) moves downwards and enters a through-flow space with a larger cross section below the central cylinder, at the moment, the moving speed of the gas is reduced, the gas enters the central cylinder and flows upwards, and the carbon-containing solid particles are rapidly deposited to the bottom of the dust remover due to inertia of the carbon-containing solid particles because the downward speed of the carbon-containing solid particles is higher; (5) and (4) discharging the coal gas from the top of the central cylinder through a coal gas pipeline, discharging the carbon-containing solid particles from the bottom of the dust remover into a bin pump, and feeding the carbon-containing solid particles into a gasification furnace through the bin pump for re-combustion.
The invention designs the central cylinder in the dust remover into three parts with different diameters, so that the carbon-containing gas entering the dust remover generates different moving speeds in three different through-flow spaces, the downward moving speed of the carbon-containing solid particles is continuously increased under the action of gravity, the separation of the carbon-containing solid particles and the gas is realized by utilizing the auxiliary impact of the gas flow on the carbon-containing solid particles, the carbon-containing solid particles are discharged into the bin pump from the bottom of the dust remover, the bin pump sends the carbon-containing solid particles into the gasification furnace for reburning, and the gas is discharged from the gas pipeline at the top of the central cylinder and enters the combustion furnace.
The invention has the advantages of reasonable design structure, scientific separation method, good gas-solid separation effect, high coal conversion rate, energy conservation, environmental protection, low enterprise operation cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic main sectional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
In the drawings: the device comprises a shell 1, a central cylinder 2, a central cylinder middle part 3, a central cylinder lower part 4, a bin pump 5, an air inlet pipeline 6, a dust remover inner cavity three areas I, II and III, an air flow direction a and a carbon-containing solid particle movement direction b.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings in which:
as shown in the attached figures 1 and 2, one or more air inlet pipelines 6 are arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the shell 1, an air outlet pipeline is arranged at the top part of the shell, and a bin pump 5 is arranged at the bottom part of the shell 1; the upper part 2 of the central cylinder, the middle part 3 of the central cylinder and the lower part 4 of the central cylinder are arranged in the shell 1, the upper end of the upper part 2 of the central cylinder penetrates through the top of the shell 1 and is communicated with an air outlet pipeline, an annular space formed among the upper part 2 of the central cylinder, the middle part 3 of the central cylinder and the lower part 4 of the central cylinder and the shell 1 is an inner cavity of the dust remover, coal gas with carbon-containing solid particles enters the inner cavity of the dust remover from an air inlet pipeline 6, and the gas after gas-solid separation enters the air outlet pipeline through passages in the lower part 4 of the central cylinder, the middle part 3 of; the bin pump 5 is communicated with the inner cavity at the bottom of the dust remover, and the carbon-containing solid particles enter the bin pump 5 after being separated and enter the gasification furnace from the bin pump 5 for circulating combustion.
The coal gas with carbon-containing solid particles in the design is sent into a dust remover to be treated by the following steps: (1) tangentially feeding coal gas with carbon-containing solid particles into the dust remover along an annular space between the inner wall of the dust remover shell 1 and the outer wall of the central cylinder; (2) the movement speed of the coal gas in the coal gas inlet area I in the step (1) is reduced, one side of the coal gas makes a spiral motion downwards in the space with the larger cross section, and carbon-containing solid particles in the coal gas separate and fall under the action of gravity; (3) the coal gas after the step (2) moves downwards to enter an area II, at the moment, the movement speed of the coal gas is accelerated, and carbon-containing solid particles entering the small space are impacted to fall down; (4) and (4) allowing the coal gas after the step (3) to move downwards to enter a region III, reducing the movement speed of the coal gas at the moment, allowing the coal gas to enter a central cylinder to flow upwards, and quickly depositing the carbon-containing solid particles to the bottom of the dust remover due to the higher downward speed of the carbon-containing solid particles. (5) And (4) discharging the coal gas from the top of the central cylinder through a coal gas pipeline, discharging the carbon-containing solid particles from the bottom of the dust remover into a bin pump, and feeding the carbon-containing solid particles into a gasification furnace through the bin pump for reburning.
Claims (2)
1. An inertial separation precipitator, comprising: the gas-solid separation device comprises a shell, a central cylinder and a bin pump, wherein gas inlet pipelines in four directions are arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the shell, gas outlet pipelines are arranged at the top of the shell, the bin pump is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the central cylinder is arranged in the shell, the upper end of the central cylinder penetrates through the top of the shell and is communicated with the gas outlet pipelines, an annular space formed between the central cylinder and the shell is an inner cavity of a dust remover, gas with carbon-containing solid particles enters the inner cavity from the gas inlet pipelines, and the gas after gas-solid separation enters the gas outlet pipelines through a channel in the central cylinder; the bin pump is communicated with the dust remover, and the carbon-containing solid particles enter the bin pump after being separated and enter the gasification furnace from the bin pump for circulating combustion; the central cylinder consists of an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the upper part is a cylinder with smaller diameter, the middle part is a horn cylinder, the lower part is a cylinder with larger diameter, the lower port of the upper cylinder is connected with the small port of the middle horn cylinder, and the large port of the middle horn cylinder is connected with the upper port of the lower cylinder; the central cylinder divides the inner cavity of the dust remover into three through-flow spaces I, II and III, wherein the annular space on the side surface of the upper cylindrical cylinder is set into the through-flow space I with a larger cross section, the carbon-containing coal gas spirally descends in the area, and the carbon-containing solid particles descend and fall along with the airflow; the annular space on the side surface of the middle trumpet-shaped cylinder is set as a flow space II, and the flow cross section with large upper part and small lower part accelerates the carbon-containing coal gas to descend; an annular space on the side surface of the lower cylindrical barrel is set into a III through-flow space with a smaller cross section, the carbon-containing coal gas rapidly descends in the area, and the carbon-containing solid particles are impacted to rapidly move downwards; the coal gas in the area below the central cylinder has a slow moving speed and flows upwards, and enters the gas outlet pipeline through the central cylinder, and the carbon-containing solid particles rapidly move downwards and are deposited in the bin pump.
2. The inertial separation dust removing method of the dust remover as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) tangentially introducing coal gas with carbon-containing solid particles into the dust remover along an annular space between the inner wall of the dust remover shell and the outer wall of the central cylinder;
(2) the carbon-containing coal gas enters a through-flow space I with a larger cross section through the step (1), the movement speed of the carbon-containing coal gas is reduced, one side of the carbon-containing coal gas makes a spiral movement downwards in the through-flow space I with the larger cross section, and carbon-containing solid particles in the carbon-containing coal gas are separated and fall under the action of gravity;
(3) the carbon-containing gas after the step (2) moves downwards to enter a flow space II with a large upper section and a small lower section and a flow space III with a small section, at the moment, the movement speed of the carbon-containing gas is accelerated, and carbon-containing solid particles entering the flow space III with the small section are impacted to quickly fall down;
(4) the carbon-containing gas after the step (3) moves downwards and enters a through-flow space with a larger cross section below the central cylinder, at the moment, the moving speed of the gas is reduced, the gas enters the central cylinder and flows upwards, and the carbon-containing solid particles are rapidly deposited to the bottom of the dust remover due to inertia of the carbon-containing solid particles because the downward speed of the carbon-containing solid particles is higher;
(5) and (4) discharging the coal gas from the top of the central cylinder through a coal gas pipeline, discharging the carbon-containing solid particles from the bottom of the dust remover into a bin pump, and feeding the carbon-containing solid particles into a gasification furnace through the bin pump for re-combustion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910396430.2A CN110272765B (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | Inertial separation dust remover and dust removing method |
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| CN201910396430.2A CN110272765B (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | Inertial separation dust remover and dust removing method |
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| CN110272765A CN110272765A (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| CN110272765B true CN110272765B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| CN113528191B (en) * | 2021-08-01 | 2022-12-02 | 中科聚信洁能热锻装备研发股份有限公司 | Coal gas circulating fluidized bed for finely separating coke slag |
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| CN104353288A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-18 | 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 | Gas-solid separation and heat recovery integration device |
| CN210103863U (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-02-21 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Inertia separation dust remover |
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Application publication date: 20190924 Assignee: ZHONGKEJUXIN CLEAN ENERGY & HOT FORGING EQUIPMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: ZHONGJUXIN OCEAN ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980045713 Denomination of invention: An inertial separation dust collector and dust removal method Granted publication date: 20201229 License type: Common License Record date: 20231107 |
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