CN110272227A - Cement pitch combined type is from snow melt ground surface material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cement pitch combined type is from snow melt ground surface material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110272227A CN110272227A CN201910467024.0A CN201910467024A CN110272227A CN 110272227 A CN110272227 A CN 110272227A CN 201910467024 A CN201910467024 A CN 201910467024A CN 110272227 A CN110272227 A CN 110272227A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5076—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with masses bonded by inorganic cements
- C04B41/5079—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/69—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
- C04B2111/94—Electrically conducting materials
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of road engineering materials.A kind of cement pitch combined type is from snow melt ground surface material, it is characterised in that: using the open gradation conductive asphalt concrete for containing conductive material of voidage 21% ~ 25% as matrix, to contain the electroconductive cement mortar of conductive material as the filler in gap；The mass percent of the conductive asphalt concrete is 82% ~ 92%, and the mass percent of the electroconductive cement mortar is 8% ~ 18%.Realize road surface from snow melting function by way of electricity fever.Ground surface material preparation process is simple, good from snow melt effect, and more existing conductive asphalt concrete has better anti-rut behavior.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of road engineering materials, in particular to conductive asphalt concrete, conductivity water silt particle
Slurry, cement pitch composite pavement material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Icy on road is one of major safety risks of communications and transportation, and the vehicles such as automobile, aircraft can be because road be big
Area freezes and the case where brake failure occurs, leads to the serious safeties accidents such as traffic jam even casualties.In China north
Side area, icy road situation very severe need to carry out snow melt deicing double tides to guarantee normal communications and transportation
Work.Traditional snow melt deicing mode is usually manually or mechanically deicing, while applying deicing salt.Deicing salt is water-soluble by reducing
The freezing point of liquid keeps the road surface not-easy-to-freeze.However, when the temperature is too low, the effect of deicing salt will substantially reduce.In addition, using
Deicing salt not only will affect the service life of ground surface material, also there is certain harm to natural environment.
In order to reduce manual labor, the adverse effect of deicing salt road pavement material is avoided, researchers are committed to developing
Novel pavement snow melting deicing mode, such as the fever of geothermal method, heat pipe method, electromagnetic induction heating method, microwave heating method, resistance wire
Method and conductive asphalt heating method etc..Wherein geothermal method, heat pipe method are that the river water after the underground water of heat or heating is passed through pipe
Road drains into pavement structure, and the heat of water is made to be transmitted to road surface to deicing or snow melting.Electromagnetic induction heating method and microwave heating
Method is that magnetic induction material or absorbing material are mixed into concrete, then applies electromagnetic wave or microwave from outside, to concrete into
Row heating.The principle of resistance wire heating method and conductive asphalt heating method is all electrocaloric effect, but difference is that conductive asphalt generates heat
Method is that ground surface material itself generates heat, and ice and snow of the heater apart from road table is closer, therefore more efficient.
Bituminous concrete originally belongs to insulating materials, and resistivity is about 107~109Ω·m.By being mixed into bituminous concrete
Add conductive material, such as graphite powder, steel wool fiber, carbon fiber, the electric conductivity of concrete can be improved, is down to its resistivity
103Ω m or less.Ice and snow weather can be to conductive asphalt concrete road surface using the electrocaloric effect of conductive asphalt concrete
It is heated, carries out snow melt de-icing work.
Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese patent of ZL1241862C discloses a kind of conductive asphalt concrete, and the conductive asphalt is mixed
The conductive material graphite that solidifying soil is 10%~20%wt of amount of concrete by coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, mineral powder filling materials and pitch and incorporation
Powder composition.It is laid with the conductive asphalt concrete as ground surface material, pavement snow melting may be implemented by being passed through electric current to it
Ice.But after incorporation graphite powder, the dynamic stability of bituminous concrete will reduce 24%-49%, and cleavage strength will reduce 10%-
30%, the reason is that the architectural characteristic of graphite makes it play the role of lubricant in bituminous concrete, it is unfavorable for concrete resistance
Shear stress.This shows that graphite powder while promoting the electric conductivity of bituminous concrete, weakens the mechanical property of concrete.
After conductive asphalt concrete is on active service a period of time, the resistivity that track is seriously located can further be dropped because of coagulation soil compaction
It is low, slightly locate to generate difference with track, so that the resistivity on road surface is unevenly distributed.And then road surface local temperature when resulting in energization
It is excessively high, and other regional temperatures are low as a result, being unfavorable for Engineering Control.
Application No. is the Chinese patents of CN108558273A to be made that certain improvement on the basis of existing technology.In conduction
Two kinds of conductive materials of graphite powder and carbon fiber have been used simultaneously in bituminous concrete, have improved certain electric conductivity.Another party
The carbon fiber in face, admixture has a certain upgrade to the mechanical property of conductive asphalt concrete, makes the anti-vehicle of conductive asphalt concrete
Rut performance recovery has arrived the level of general bituminous concrete.But the anti-rut behavior of general bituminous concrete is unable to satisfy heavy duty
The load requirement on road surface, crossroad or airport roadway.And these roads are often to need most the place for carrying out snow melt deicing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cement pitch combined types from snow melt ground surface material and preparation method thereof.The material
Preparation process is simple, good from snow melt effect, and has outstanding anti-rut behavior.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of cement pitch combined type is from snow melt road surface
Material, using the open gradation conductive asphalt concrete for containing conductive material of voidage 21% ~ 25% as matrix, to contain conduction material
Filler of the electroconductive cement mortar of material as gap.The mass percent of the conductive asphalt concrete is 82% ~ 92%, described
The mass percent of electroconductive cement mortar is 8% ~ 18%；Conductive material includes graphite powder and steel wool fiber.
Graphite powder and the mass ratio of steel wool fiber are 1 ~ 3:2 ~ 5 in the conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material；
Graphite powder and the mass ratio of steel wool fiber are 10 ~ 20:2 ~ 5 in the electroconductive cement mortar containing conductive material.
The conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material by pitch, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler, graphite powder and
Steel wool fiber composition.
The coarse aggregate refers to one of partial size >=2.36mm rubble, crushing gravel, graded gravel, steel slag etc..
The fine aggregate refers to one of natural sand, artificial sand, the steel-making slag powder of partial size less than 2.36mm etc..
The filler refers to one of miberal powder, cement, calcium hydroxide, the flyash of partial size less than 0.075mm etc..
The pitch is SBS modified pitch.
The pitch, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler, graphite powder and steel wool fiber account for conductive asphalt concrete gross mass
Percentage are as follows: pitch 4 ~ 5%, coarse aggregate 69 ~ 80%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 20%, filler 0.01 ~ 1%, graphite powder 1 ~ 3%, steel wool fiber 2 ~
5%。
The electroconductive cement mortar containing conductive material is by cement, fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber group
At.
The cement is ordinary portland cement.
The fine aggregate is Machine-made Sand or river sand, and partial size is less than 0.6mm.
The cement, fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber account for the percentage of electroconductive cement mortar gross mass are as follows: water
Mud 36 ~ 50%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 14%, water 20 ~ 30%, graphite powder 10 ~ 20%, steel wool fiber 2 ~ 5%.
The mesh number of the graphite powder is 28-200 mesh.
The diameter of the steel wool fiber is 70-130 μm, and length is 2 ~ 6mm.
A kind of above-mentioned cement pitch combined type includes the following steps: from the preparation method of snow melt ground surface material
1) the open gradation conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material is prepared.According to mass percent: pitch 4 ~ 5%, coarse aggregate 69
~ 80%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 20%, filler 0.01 ~ 1%, graphite powder 1 ~ 3%, steel wool fiber 2 ~ 5%, choose pitch, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,
Filler, graphite powder.Coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and steel wool fiber are first mixed and stirred into 90s at 170 DEG C, then pours into pitch and mixes and stirs 90s, finally
Graphite powder is added and filler mixes and stirs 90s.Forming temperature is 160 ~ 165 DEG C.
2) the electroconductive cement mortar containing conductive material is prepared.According to mass percent: cement 36 ~ 50%, fine aggregate 10 ~
14%, water 20 ~ 30%, graphite powder 10 ~ 20%, steel wool fiber 2 ~ 5% choose cement, fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber.?
90 ~ 180s is stirred under room temperature.
3) after the conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material is cooled to room temperature, by the conductive asphalt containing conductive material
For mortar injection into the conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material, curing time is 1-28 days.
It is mixed with conventional conductive using electroconductive cement mortar as the filler in gap using conductive asphalt concrete as matrix
Pitch is compared as single conductive phase in solidifying soil, and shared volume ratio improves 90 ~ 120% to conductive phase in the material.
Conductive material uses steel wool fiber and graphite powder simultaneously, forms two-phase conductive composite system.Graphite is as master
Conductive phase is wanted, the graphite powder of dispersion is chained up by steel wool fiber as conductive bridge, conductive network is formed, than being used alone
Steel wool fiber or graphite powder have better electric conductivity, and resistivity is up to 1000 Ω m or less.Meanwhile steel wool fiber
Incorporation is to the effect of haveing a certain upgrade of the mechanical property of concrete.
The electroconductive cement mortar of perfusion is filled with the gap of conductive asphalt concrete, plays reinforcing to the structure of concrete and makees
With.The dynamic stability of material improves 130 ~ 250% compared to existing conductive asphalt concrete, reached 14000 times/mm with
On.This shows that the material has outstanding anti-rut behavior.During military service, the electric conductivity of material is not easy because of vehicle repeatedly
Wheel rolls and changes, and is conducive to engineer application.
In order to verify the material from snow melt effect, at -5 DEG C of temperature, Snowfall, by 4cm made of the material thickness
Tabular test specimen is placed in outdoor.It is initially powered up after snow depth reaches 2cm, accumulated snow melts completely after 30min.Later, it avenges
Flower is fallen on test specimen to be melted immediately.
In conclusion cement pitch combined type of the present invention is guaranteeing the premise from snow melt effect from snow melt ground surface material
Under, using electroconductive cement mortar to the reinforcement effect of concrete structure, it has been obviously improved the anti-rut behavior of conductive ground surface material,
Make that it is suitable for the adverse environments such as heavy duty, low speed.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) conductive phase includes conductive asphalt concrete matrix and electroconductive cement mortar, forms two-phase conductive composite system, electric conductivity
Can be good, snow melt effect is good.
2) preparation of the cement pitch combined type from snow melt ground surface material is carried out by perfusion, simple production process is easy to
Implement.
3) electroconductive cement mortar improves the mechanical property of material, has than existing conductive asphalt concrete preferably anti-
Track performance.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is further explained, but it is of the invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.
Embodiment:
Cement pitch combined type is applied to upper layer from snow melt ground surface material, with the open gradation conductive asphalt of voidage 21% ~ 25%
Concrete is matrix, using electroconductive cement mortar as grouting material, is prepared by Self-leveling perfusion.
According to the requirement of " bituminous pavement design for highway specification " (JTG D50-2006), ground according to OGFC(open gradation antiskid
Consuming layer) gradation design method and asphalt evaluation criterion carry out indoor mix material proportioning design.After design adjustment, determine
The dosage mass ratio of various raw material in conductive asphalt concrete matrix are as follows: coarse aggregate: fine aggregate: filler: pitch: graphite powder:
Steel wool fiber=334:56:1:20:10:16, specific formate gradation composition are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: conductive asphalt concrete matrix formate gradation composition
The coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are basalt, and basic performance is shown in Table 2 and table 3.
Table 2: the basic performance of basalt coarse aggregate
Table 3: the basic performance of basalt fine aggregate
The filler is limestone mineral powder, and technical indicator is shown in Table 4.
The pitch is SBS modified pitch, and technical indicator is shown in Table 5.
Table 4: powdered ore quality technical indicator
Table 5: asphalt performance technical indicator
The volume of conductive paste material is graphite powder 2.4%wt, steel wool fiber 4.0%wt, asphalt optimum content 5.1%wt.
The technical indicator of the steel wool fiber is shown in Table 6 and table 7.
Table 6: the technical parameter of steel wool fiber
Table 7: the distribution of lengths of steel wool fiber
The mesh number of the graphite powder is 28 ~ 200 mesh.
Such as table 8 is matched in the design of the electroconductive cement mortar.
Table 8: electroconductive cement mortar design proportion
| Material | Water | Cement | Fine aggregate | Graphite | Steel wool fiber |
| Mass ratio/% | 29.4 | 49.0 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 2.0 |
The cement is normal silicate 42.5# cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand, and particle size range is 0.075 ~ 0.6mm.
A kind of above-mentioned cement pitch combined type includes the following steps: from the preparation method of snow melt ground surface material
1) the open gradation conductive asphalt concrete of voidage 21% ~ 25% is prepared.Coarse aggregate, thin collection are weighed by asphalt mixture design gradation
The quality of material, and tentatively mix；Filler, steel wool fiber and graphite powder after drying weigh storage respectively；
2) coarse aggregate, fine aggregate in gathering materials by the waste asphalt mixture tentatively mixed and newly are put into baking oven at 175 DEG C
Keep the temperature at least 4h；
3) coarse aggregate of step 2 good heat insulation, fine aggregate are placed in preheated mixing machine, steel wool fiber is added, starts mix
Machine mix 90s；
4) SBS modified pitch is heated to 160 ~ 170 DEG C, pours into mixing machine, mix and stir 90s；
5) graphite powder of drying and filler are poured into mixing machine, mixes and stirs 90s；
6) mixture mixed is poured into suitable mold, obtains open gradation conductive asphalt concrete matrix through overcompaction, to
Its natural cooling；
7) electroconductive cement mortar is prepared.It is matched according to design, weighs cement, fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber.Normal
Temperature 90 ~ 180s of lower stirring is to uniform.
8) cement injection mortar, maintenance 1 ~ 28 into the step 6) cooling open gradation conductive asphalt concrete matrix finished
It.
Cement pitch combined type is detected from the pavement performance and electric conductivity of snow melt ground surface material, including high temperature is steady
Qualitative, low-temperature cracking-resistance, water stability and resistivity, testing result are as shown in table 9.
Table 9: pavement performance and electric conductivity of the cement pitch combined type from snow melt ground surface material
Snow melt measure of merit is carried out from snow melt ground surface material to cement pitch combined type, at -5 DEG C of temperature, Snowfall, by this
4cm thickness tabular test specimen made of material is placed in outdoor.It is initially powered up after snow depth reaches 2cm, accumulated snow is complete after 30min
It is complete to melt.Later, snowflake falls on test specimen and melts immediately.
The bound of each raw material of the present invention, the bound of section value and technological parameter (such as temperature, time), area
Between value can realize the present invention, embodiment numerous to list herein.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cement pitch combined type is from snow melt ground surface material, it is characterised in that: contain conduction material with voidage 21% ~ 25%
The open gradation conductive asphalt concrete of material is as matrix, to contain the electroconductive cement mortar of conductive material as the filling in gap
Object；The mass percent of the conductive asphalt concrete is 82% ~ 92%, the mass percent of the electroconductive cement mortar is 8% ~
18%；Conductive material includes graphite powder and steel wool fiber.
2. cement pitch combined type according to claim 1 is from snow melt ground surface material, which is characterized in that described to contain conduction
Graphite powder and the mass ratio of steel wool fiber are 1 ~ 3:2 ~ 5 in the conductive asphalt concrete of material；The leading containing conductive material
Graphite powder and the mass ratio of steel wool fiber are 10 ~ 20:2 ~ 5 in electric cement mortar.
3. cement pitch combined type according to claim 1 or 2 is from snow melt ground surface material, which is characterized in that the conduction
Bituminous concrete is made of pitch, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler, graphite powder and steel wool fiber, the pitch, coarse aggregate, thin collection
Material, filler, graphite powder and steel wool fiber account for the percentage of conductive asphalt concrete gross mass are as follows: and pitch 4 ~ 5%, coarse aggregate 69 ~
80%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 20%, filler 0.01 ~ 1%, graphite powder 1 ~ 3%, steel wool fiber 2 ~ 5%；The electroconductive cement mortar by cement,
Fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber composition, the cement, fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber account for conductivity water
The percentage of cement mortar gross mass are as follows: cement 36 ~ 50%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 14%, water 20 ~ 30%, graphite powder 10 ~ 20%, steel wool fiber
2~5%。
4. cement pitch combined type according to claim 3 is from snow melt ground surface material, which is characterized in that the coarse aggregate is
Refer to one of partial size >=2.36mm rubble, crushing gravel, graded gravel, steel slag；The fine aggregate refers to that partial size is less than
One of the natural sand of 2.36mm, artificial sand, steel-making slag powder；The filler refer to partial size less than the miberal powder of 0.075mm, cement,
One of calcium hydroxide, flyash.
5. cement pitch combined type according to claim 3 is from snow melt ground surface material, which is characterized in that the pitch is
SBS modified pitch.
6. cement pitch combined type according to claim 3 is from snow melt ground surface material, which is characterized in that the cement is general
Logical portland cement；The fine aggregate is Machine-made Sand or river sand, and partial size is less than 0.6mm；The mesh number of the graphite powder is 28-200
Mesh；The diameter of the steel wool fiber is 70-130 μm, and length is 2 ~ 6mm.
7. any cement pitch combined type of claim 1-6 is from the preparation method of snow melt ground surface material, it is characterised in that it includes
Following steps:
1) the open gradation conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material is prepared: according to mass percent: pitch 4 ~ 5%, coarse aggregate 69
~ 80%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 20%, filler 0.01 ~ 1%, graphite powder 1 ~ 3%, steel wool fiber 2 ~ 5%, choose pitch, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,
Filler, graphite powder；Coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and steel wool fiber are first mixed and stirred into 90s at 170 DEG C, then pours into pitch and mixes and stirs 90s, finally
Graphite powder is added and filler mixes and stirs 90s；Forming temperature is 160 ~ 165 DEG C；
2) prepare the electroconductive cement mortar containing conductive material: according to mass percent: cement 36 ~ 50%, fine aggregate 10 ~ 14%,
Water 20 ~ 30%, graphite powder 10 ~ 20%, steel wool fiber 2 ~ 5% choose cement, fine aggregate, water, graphite powder and steel wool fiber；In room temperature
90 ~ 180s of lower stirring；
3) after the conductive asphalt concrete containing conductive material is cooled to room temperature, by the electroconductive cement mortar containing conductive material
It is filled into conductive asphalt concrete, curing time is 1-28 days.
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| CN111763036A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 山东高速路用新材料技术有限公司 | Method for preparing kerbstone by using pavement reclaimed materials and prepared kerbstone |
| CN111948113A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-17 | 北京市政路桥建材集团有限公司 | Method for determining mixing amount of snow-melting filler in snow-melting asphalt mixture |
| WO2023209469A1 (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-11-02 | Voltocrete Innovation Kft. | Cement-based electric surface heating structure and method of manufacturing the same |
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