CN110262657A - Asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method of the one kind based on " switch arrives target " - Google Patents
Asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method of the one kind based on " switch arrives target " Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method of the one kind based on " switch arrives target ", first place electrode and installation eye tracker, then eye tracker calibration is carried out, interface is switched by the eye tracker of building again and carries out switch unit selection, into vision induced stimulation interface, stimulating unit corresponding with switch unit is selected to complete object recognition task by carrying out target identification to collected EEG signals as goal stimulus；The eyeball position of rapid sensitive is positioned and is combined with asynchronous vision inducting brain-machine interface by the present invention, is reduced false triggering rate and is made system quick response；Increase usage comfort to a certain extent simultaneously and reduces feeling of fatigue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering neural in biomedical engineering and brain-computer interface technical fields, and in particular to one kind is based on
The asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method of " switch arrives target ".
Background technique
Brain-computer interface is a kind of novel man-machine interaction mode, logical due to not depending on human muscular tissue and peripheral nerve
Road, and make directly to carry out between brain and external environment information interchange with effectively interact, thus in medical rehabilitation and Industry Control
In be widely applied.Wherein, stable state vision inducting brain-machine interface be it is a kind of by watch attentively the visual stimulus of specific frequency come
The method of brain response is induced, there is strong antijamming capability, rate of information transmission height and commonly used person can lure without training
The advantages of hair, thus be the most signal type of practical value in common brain-computer interface.
Currently, steady-state induced brain-computer interface is usually there are two types of implementation pattern, one is synchronous mode, the disadvantage is that task
Beginning and ending time determines by system, the power that user does not select independently；Another mode is asynchronous system, and asynchronous system is compared
The method of synchronization is more flexible, and user can independently determine the start/stop time of task during task carries out, thus represent
A kind of more natural interactive mode gradually rises the focus on research direction for becoming brain-computer interface in recent years.But traditional is asynchronous
Brain-computer interface is judged by accident, one during continuous acquisition EEG signals since the influence of the factors such as environmental disturbances may cause target
As False Rate is effectively reduced in such a way that brain machine " switch " is set." switch " of asynchronous brain-computer interface can according to signal kinds
It is divided into two kinds, one is homogeneity signals as switching, i.e., using EEG signals as switch, this mode will cause a variety of brain electricity
Aliasing of the signal in time-frequency airspace, increases the complexity of signal recognition；Another kind is heterogeneous signal as switch, i.e., using and
The different types of signal of EEG signals is as switch, and such as using electro-ocular signal as switch, this mode, which can effectively reduce, accidentally to be touched
Hair.
For the method using heterogeneous signal as switch, currently used is mostly the corresponding multiple stimulating units of a switch
One-to-many variable connector form, i.e., system flow enters more stimulation target brains of lower layer after upper layer brain machine " switch " opening
Machine interface operation.There is only the positioning of switch to target delays for this mode, and are transferred in sight from brain machine " switch "
The case where streaking non-targeted stimulating unit there may be sight is had during goal stimulus unit, causes non-targeted stimulation single
The false triggering of member had not only caused accuracy decline, but also brain-computer interface is caused to execute time extension, was unfavorable for the practical of brain-computer interface
Change.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, the present invention proposes that a kind of asynchronous vision based on " switching to target " lures
Brain-computer interface method is sent out, false triggering rate is reduced and makes system quick response；Simultaneously to a certain extent increase usage comfort and
Reduce feeling of fatigue.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
Asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method of the one kind based on " switch arrives target ", comprising the following steps:
Step 1, hardware connection is carried out:
1.1) user head vision occipital region n position place respectively measuring electrode A1, A2 ..., An, in its unilateral ear
Hang down position of sound production reference electrode R, in its forehead Fpz position of sound production ground electrode G；
1.2) install eye tracker: eye tracker is centrally placed in the underface of computer screen, keeps computer screen and water
Plane included angle range is 90 °~120 °, adjusts user and computer screen distance m by the calibration procedure of eye tracker, away from
It is 40~90cm from m range；
Step 2, into the target selection interface of " switching to target ": the target selection interface of " switching to target " is divided into out
Close interface and stimulation interface；
Switch interface by switch unit S1, S2 N number of on screen ..., Sn form, each switch unit is diameter for D picture
The circle of plain size, the form that current people's eyes fixation positions are averaged respectively with left and right eyes fixation positions transverse and longitudinal coordinate are same in real time
The display of step ground on the computer screen, when user is when watching position attentively and falling in switch unit, open, and works as user by switch
When watching position attentively and not falling in switch unit, switch is closed；
Stimulation interface be the N number of gridiron pattern Motor stimulation unit T1, T2 shown on screen ..., Tn, and be correspondingly placed at
The position of N number of switch unit in interface is switched, stimulating unit is shunk and expanded by sinusoidal or cosine-modulation mode, is formed
Visual stimulus；
Switch unit is overlapped with stimulating unit position and timesharing is presented, when the position of watching attentively of user falls in any one and opens
Close unit in when, switch open, switch unit disappear, stimulating unit occur, user select the stimulation target of the position come into
Row identification mission；
Step 3, to collected EEG signals carry out target identification, computer synchronous recording stimulation start with terminate when
Between, and original EEG signals are acquired by measuring electrode, pass through canonical correlation analysis CCA (Canonical Correlation
Analysis) algorithm and linear discriminant analysis LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) algorithm identification user's note
Depending on target；
Step 4, judge whether single identification mission terminates, it is sliding by the time during single identification mission carries out
The eeg data for moving window interception equal length carries out target identification and then judges when adjacent target identification result twice is identical
For target, computer indicates the target that user is watched attentively by screen, realizes the visual feedback to user, and determine
The single identification mission terminates；
Step 5, after computer completes single identification mission, return step 2 restores switch interface, and stimulating unit disappears at this time
It loses, switch unit occurs, and repeats step 2, step 3 and step 4, carries out object recognition task next time.
Pass through canonical correlation analysis CCA (Canonical Correlation Analysis) algorithm in the step 3
The target watched attentively with linear discriminant analysis LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) algorithm identification user, specifically
Include following operation: firstly, making filtering and trap processing to original EEG signals, then, passing through CCA algorithm and obtain eeg data
Degree of correlation coefficient between the sinusoidal reference signal comprising different toggle frequencies is calculated finally, degree of correlation coefficient is sent into LDA
Method carries out classification learning.
The invention has the benefit that the method for the present invention is by eye movement tracer technique and asynchronous stable state vision inducting brain-machine interface
Technology combines, it is shown that following superiority:
(1) compared to traditional synchronization brain-machine interaction mode, eye movement tracer technique is introduced brain-computer interface by the method for the present invention
In application implementation, increases the autonomy of user by the way of asynchronous eye movement switch and reduce the fatigue strength of user；
(2) compared to traditional asynchronous brain-machine interaction mode, the method for the present invention uses one-to-one brain machine switch in place one
The practicability of brain-computer interface is promoted, so that brain-to reduce false triggering rate and make system quick response to more switch forms
Machine interactive process is more friendly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is present invention switch interface and the schematic diagram for stimulating interface.
Fig. 3 carries out showing for target identification by the eeg data that the time slides window interception equal length for the embodiment of the present invention
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method based on " switch arrives target " comprising the steps of:
Step 1, hardware connection is carried out:
1.1) measuring electrode is placed respectively in the user head vision occipital region position PO3, POz, PO4, O1, Oz, O2, at it
Unilateral ear-lobe position of sound production reference electrode R, in its forehead Fpz position of sound production ground electrode G；
1.2) install eye tracker: eye tracker is centrally placed in the underface of computer screen, guarantees the top edge of eye tracker
Mutually neat with computer screen lower edge, keeping computer screen angle with horizontal plane is 110 °, passes through the calibration procedure of eye tracker
User and computer screen distance m=60 ± 2 (cm) are adjusted, the calibration of eye tracker is completed using five-spot, that is, use 5
Equal diameter is drWhite calibration point be presented to user, drVariation range is 0-10mm, wherein 5 points of selection is respectively to calculate
The quadrangle of the center point and computer screen of machine screen, close to computer screen edge vertices, wherein any point is to counting
The up/down Edge Distance of calculation machine screen is b1=54mm, is b2=77mm apart from left/right Edge Distance, and user successively observes
5 calibration points that computer screen I is presented are collected vision parameter information and are presented on computer screen I and calibrated by eye tracker M
As a result, completing calibration；
Step 2, referring to Fig. 2, into the target selection interface of " switch arrives target ": target selection circle of " switch arrives target "
Face is divided into switch interface and stimulation interface；
Switch interface is made of N=4 switch unit S1, S2, S3, S4 on screen, and each switch unit is that diameter is D
The circle of=100 pixel sizes, the shape that current people's eyes fixation positions are averaged respectively with left and right eyes fixation positions transverse and longitudinal coordinate
Show to formula real-time synchronization that on the computer screen, when user is when watching position attentively and falling in switch unit, switch is opened, and
When user is when watching position attentively and not falling in switch unit, switch is closed；
Stimulating interface is N=4 gridiron pattern Motor stimulation unit T1, T2, T3, the T4 shown on screen, and correspondence is put
The position of 4 switch units in switch interface is set, stimulating unit is shunk and expanded by Sine Modulated mode, and view is formed
Feel stimulation；
Switch unit is overlapped with stimulating unit position and timesharing is presented, when the position of watching attentively of user falls in any one and opens
Close unit in when, switch open, switch unit disappear, stimulating unit occur, user select the stimulation target of the position come into
Row identification mission；
Step 3, to collected EEG signals carry out target identification, computer synchronous recording stimulation start with terminate when
Between, and original EEG signals are acquired by measuring electrode, pass through canonical correlation analysis (Canonical Correlation
Analysis, CCA) algorithm and linear discriminant analysis (Linear Discriminant Analysis, LDA) algorithm identification use
The target that person watches attentively specifically includes following operation: firstly, making filtering and trap processing to original EEG signals, then, being passed through
CCA algorithm obtains eeg data and the degree of correlation coefficient between the sinusoidal reference signal comprising different toggle frequencies, finally, by phase
It closes degree coefficient and is sent into LDA algorithm progress classification learning；
Step 4, judge whether single identification mission terminates, it is sliding by the time during single identification mission carries out
The eeg data for moving window interception equal length carries out target identification and then judges when adjacent target identification result twice is identical
For target, computer indicates the target that user is watched attentively by screen, realizes the visual feedback to user, and determine
The single identification mission terminates；
Step 5, after computer completes single identification mission, return step 2 restores switch interface, and stimulating unit disappears at this time
It loses, switch unit occurs, and repeats step 2, step 3 and step 4, carries out object recognition task next time.
The present embodiment tests four users (P1~P4), synchronous recording EEG signals in experimentation, with
Just user's state is checked in an experiment, is prevented the movements such as user generates blink, body moves, is guaranteed the data matter of EEG signals
Amount；Referring to Fig. 3, the length of the time sliding window of experimental setup is 3 seconds, and step-length is 0.5 second；According to above-mentioned steps 1 to user
Electrode is placed, eye tracker is installed and carries out the calibration of eye tracker to user；It completes to test according to above-mentioned steps 2,3,4,5,
In, training data used in step 3 comes from P1~P4；When the recognition result of sliding of adjacent time twice window is identical, indicate
The subtask terminates, and according to step 2, chooses identification target again；In experiment, each user carries out each stimulating unit
15 wheels are tested, and the interval time between two-wheeled experiment is 1.5 seconds；The results are shown in Table 1 for accuracy rate, the results showed that, for experiment
Involved in user, the Average Accuracy of 3 seconds data lengths can achieve 90% or more.
1 accuracy rate result of table
Claims (2)
1. asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method of the one kind based on " switch arrives target ", which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, hardware connection is carried out:
1.1) user head vision occipital region n position place respectively measuring electrode A1, A2 ..., An, in its unilateral ear-lobe position
It sets and places reference electrode R, in its forehead Fpz position of sound production ground electrode G；
1.2) install eye tracker: eye tracker is centrally placed in the underface of computer screen, keeps computer screen and horizontal plane
Angular range is 90 °~120 °, adjusts user and computer screen distance m, distance m model by the calibration procedure of eye tracker
It encloses for 40~90cm；
Step 2, into the target selection interface of " switching to target ": the target selection interface of " switching to target " is divided into switch circle
Face and stimulation interface；
Switch interface by switch unit S1, S2 N number of on screen ..., Sn form, each switch unit be diameter for D pixel it is big
Small circle, the form real-time synchronization that current people's eyes fixation positions are averaged respectively with left and right eyes fixation positions transverse and longitudinal coordinate
On the computer screen, when user is when watching position attentively and falling in switch unit, switch is opened, and works as the note of user for display
When not falling in switch unit depending on position, switch is closed；
Stimulation interface be the N number of gridiron pattern Motor stimulation unit T1, T2 shown on screen ..., Tn, and be correspondingly placed at switch
The position of N number of switch unit in interface, stimulating unit are shunk and are expanded by sinusoidal or cosine-modulation mode, and vision is formed
Stimulation；
Switch unit is overlapped with stimulating unit position and timesharing is presented, when the position of watching attentively of user falls in any one switch list
When in member, switch is opened, and switch unit disappears, and stimulating unit occurs, and user selects the stimulation target of the position to know
Other task；
Step 3, target identification being carried out to collected EEG signals, the stimulation of computer synchronous recording starts the time with end,
And original EEG signals are acquired by measuring electrode, pass through canonical correlation analysis CCA (Canonical Correlation
Analysis) algorithm and linear discriminant analysis LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) algorithm identification user's note
Depending on target；
Step 4, judge whether single identification mission terminates, during single identification mission carries out, window is slid by the time
The eeg data of interception equal length carries out target identification and is then judged as mesh when adjacent target identification result twice is identical
Mark, computer indicate the target that user is watched attentively by screen, realize the visual feedback to user, and determine the list
Secondary identification mission terminates；
Step 5, after computer completes single identification mission, return step 2 restores switch interface, and stimulating unit disappears at this time, opens
It closes unit to occur, repeats step 2, step 3 and step 4, carry out object recognition task next time.
2. a kind of asynchronous vision induced brain-computer interface method based on " switch arrives target " according to claim 1, special
Sign is: in the step 3 by canonical correlation analysis CCA (Canonical Correlation Analysis) algorithm and
The target that linear discriminant analysis LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) algorithm identification user watches attentively is specific to wrap
Containing following operation: firstly, to original EEG signals make filtering and trap handle, then, by CCA algorithm obtain eeg data with
Degree of correlation coefficient between sinusoidal reference signal comprising different toggle frequencies, finally, degree of correlation coefficient is sent into LDA algorithm
Carry out classification learning.
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