CN110261890B - Electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device, generation control system and control method - Google Patents
Electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device, generation control system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110261890B CN110261890B CN201910618118.3A CN201910618118A CN110261890B CN 110261890 B CN110261890 B CN 110261890B CN 201910618118 A CN201910618118 A CN 201910618118A CN 110261890 B CN110261890 B CN 110261890B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/143—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft
- G01V1/147—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft using impact of dropping masses
Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device, a generation control system and a control method. Has the advantages that: whole utilizing the electromagnetic attraction to provide the acceleration of electromagnetic hammer motion, and non-gravity provides alone, through the coil magnetism suction to ferromagnetic substance, for the electromagnetic hammer provides the impact force, when the coil is longer or multistage when producing magnetic force step by step, thereby the hammer block can constantly receive the influence production acceleration of magnetic attraction, just can realize the focus dynamics of ideal fast, and the volume is less, the transportation of being convenient for, can also take the control of hierarchical output magnetic force to change the focus dynamics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of controllable seismic sources in geological exploration, in particular to an electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device, a generation control system and a control method.
Background
The seismic source is a source for generating seismic signals, the artificial seismic source is an important component of seismic exploration, and the quality of signals excited by the artificial seismic source directly influences the accuracy of exploration results. The artificial seismic sources can be divided into explosive sources and controllable seismic sources. Due to the good pulse performance and high excitation energy of explosive seismic sources, the explosive seismic sources are used as seismic sources for resource exploration from 20 th century. In onshore oil exploration in China, about 95 percent of the onshore oil exploration is provided with explosive sources. However, explosive sources are difficult to control, and in contrast to the explosive sources, electric spark sources and electromagnetic sources are the most common ones, and among the electromagnetic sources, sweep-frequency electromagnetic sources and impact electromagnetic sources can be used. The impact type electromagnetic seismic source can well simulate the good pulse performance and the higher excitation energy of an explosive seismic source, and has a good effect on land geological exploration.
However, the conventional impact type electromagnetic seismic source is often provided with a magnet at the tail end of an electromagnetic hammer, the electromagnetic hammer is accelerated towards the head end by the aid of magnetic repulsion force, the generation process only needs to be in the moment of generating the repulsion force at the beginning, and then the impact force of the electromagnetic hammer in the motion process needs to be calculated by combining multiple factors such as the repulsion force, gravity and resistance to obtain seismic source impact force, so that the seismic source impact force is very complex and difficult to control. Meanwhile, the force generated by the repulsion force is small, and after the electromagnetic hammer is far away from the magnet, the influence of the repulsion force is gradually reduced along with the distance, so that the impact process and the force are not controllable. And the repulsion can only provide the initial acceleration, and the later stage can only rely on the dead weight of electromagnetic hammer to produce the impact acceleration of continuation motion, consequently has to increase the volume and the quality of hammer block, needs the counter weight gravity of electromagnetic hammer self to reach ideal seismic source dynamics for the material and the volume of electromagnetic hammer increase naturally, the inconvenient transportation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides an electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device, a generation control system and a control method, wherein multistage pulse electromagnetic attraction is utilized in the whole process to provide the acceleration of the movement of an electromagnetic hammer, the gravity is not provided independently, the attraction of the magnetism of a coil to ferromagnetic substances is utilized to provide the impact force for the electromagnetic hammer, an upper hammer body and a lower hammer body are made of two different materials and have different reactions to the magnetic attraction, when the coil is longer or generates magnetic force in multiple stages, the hammer body can be continuously influenced by the magnetic attraction to generate the acceleration, the ideal seismic source force can be quickly realized, the size is smaller, the transportation is convenient, and the control of outputting the magnetic force in stages or changing pulse electromagnetic drive current can be adopted to change the seismic source force.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device comprises a seismic source hammer body and a hammering accelerator, wherein the hammering accelerator is provided with an electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic coil forms a hammer body acceleration runway, the seismic source hammer body is a magnetic conduction hammer body, the head of the seismic source hammer body extends into the initial section of the hammer body acceleration runway, and after the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil attracts the seismic source hammer body to accelerate towards the terminal section of the hammer body acceleration runway, so that the action of a seismic source hammering surface is completed.
Through above-mentioned design, produce the strong magnetic field of pulse when solenoid circular telegram is chargeable, and the focus hammer block receives the appeal downstream in magnetic field final hammering focus hammering face, accomplishes the jarring work, compares in the means that provides the impact effect through the repulsion now, and the controllability of attraction is stronger, by coil parcel hammer block, guarantees that whole power, stroke are controllable.
If the electromagnetic repulsion is adopted, the electromagnetic repulsion is inevitably not vertical to the ground, no matter how large the repulsion is, once the electromagnetic repulsion is far away from the magnetic field, the gravity inevitably interferes the motion direction of the electromagnetic hammer to generate deviation, but the electromagnetic attraction adopted by the design enables the hammer body to be always in the control of the magnetic field, and the interference in the gravity direction can be weakened, so the design can be suitable for the hammering surfaces in different directions, and not only can work vertically downwards.
Furthermore, the seismic source hammer body comprises an upper hammer body and a lower hammer body, the magnetic conductivity of the upper hammer body is higher than that of the lower hammer body, the head of the upper hammer body is fixedly connected with the tail of the lower hammer body, the head of the lower hammer body extends into the acceleration runway of the hammer body, and the tail of the upper hammer body is fixedly connected with a hammer body guide mechanism;
the guiding direction of the hammer body guiding mechanism is consistent with the stroke of the seismic source hammer body.
Once the hammer reaches the terminal section, the continuous impact is attracted by the opposite magnetic force to generate deceleration and even pull back, the acceleration runway of the hammer is difficult to extend into the seismic source hammering surface, and the acceleration runway is decelerated to a certain extent in hammering.
The electromagnetic coil is vertically arranged in a shell of the hammering accelerator, a hammer body through hole is formed in the bottom of the shell and is opposite to the hammer body acceleration runway, and the aperture of the hammer body through hole is larger than or equal to the hammer diameter of the seismic source hammer body and is generally slightly larger than the hammer diameter of the seismic source hammer body;
the hammer body guiding mechanism is fixed on the outer wall of the shell, and the tail part of the upper hammer body extends out of the shell and is connected with the hammer body guiding mechanism;
and a part of the upper hammer body extending out of the shell is sleeved with a secondary impact prevention spring, and the secondary impact prevention spring is placed on the shell.
When the hammer works, the hammer body is drawn by the electromagnetic coil to vertically penetrate through the hammering accelerator and can hammer to the ground, and the built-in electromagnetic coil is not easily interfered by the external environment. Under the sufficient condition of seismic source dynamics, because the impact force is very big this moment, the seismic source hammer body can kick-back and take place secondary hammering ground after once hammering, consequently sets up at last hammer block extension and prevents secondary impact spring, can increase the resistance at the in-process that falls once more after the seismic source hammer block kick-backs, avoids secondary hammering ground, disturbs the seismograph and surveys.
The hammer body guiding mechanism comprises a guiding rod and an impact releasing and resetting locking mechanism, wherein the guiding rod and the upper hammer body are parallel to each other, and the tail parts of the guiding rod and the upper hammer body are fixedly connected through a connecting piece;
the impact release and reset locking mechanism comprises a locking box body which is fixed on an installation plate, and the installation plate is fixedly connected with the shell and is parallel to the upper end face of the shell;
an electromagnetic bolt is arranged in the locking box body, and the head of the guide rod penetrates through the impact release and reset locking mechanism and is limited by the electromagnetic bolt to complete release and locking.
The guide rod is helpful for controlling the motion condition of the seismic source hammer body, the electromagnetic bolt is selected for the impact release and reset locking mechanism, the bolt adsorption position is correspondingly arranged at the head of the guide rod, the guide rod can be locked through bolt adsorption when the seismic source hammer body is reset, the seismic source hammer body fixedly connected can not move any more, and when a seismic source is needed, the electromagnetic bolt is manually or automatically opened, and the seismic source hammer body can move freely, so that the seismic source hammer is convenient and fast.
Furthermore, N photoelectric switches are distributed on the outer wall of the shell, are sequentially arranged along the motion direction of the seismic source hammer body and are opposite to the motion track of the guide rod.
Through the design, the seismic source hammer body and the guide rod move synchronously, the guide rod can trigger the photoelectric switches one by one in the moving process, and the process of the seismic source hammer body can be known according to the interval arrangement of the photoelectric switches, so that the hammer body can be controlled to be accelerated continuously.
The seismic source trolley further comprises a seismic source trolley, wherein the hammering accelerator is fixedly installed on a bottom plate of the seismic source trolley, a hammering through hole is formed in the bottom plate and is opposite to the hammer body through hole, and the diameter of the hammering through hole is larger than or equal to the hammer diameter of the seismic source hammer body and is generally slightly larger than the hammer diameter of the seismic source hammer body.
Due to the fact that the seismic source generating position is not fixed, the seismic source generating device can be conveyed to the position needing to be shocked to work through the movable cart.
Furthermore, the hammer acceleration runway comprises N sections of acceleration sections, the electromagnetic coils are provided with N sub-coils along the direction of the runway, and the acceleration sections correspond to the sub-coils one to one;
n discharge switches are correspondingly arranged on the N sub-coils and are sequentially triggered along with the motion stroke of the seismic source hammer body.
The electromagnetic coils are triggered and electrified in sections to generate a sequential pulse strong magnetic field, particularly, when the hammer body is activated gradually from top to bottom, the sub-coils can be accelerated once by the suction force once when passing through the hammer body, so that large impact force can be finally obtained by triggering, opening and accelerating step by step, the energy consumption is not large, compared with single-stage coil acceleration, the energy efficiency conversion rate is higher, and the seismic source excitation energy obtained in the same stroke is larger.
An electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generation control system comprises the electromagnetic control-based impact seismic source generation device, wherein an electromagnetic input end group of an electromagnetic coil is connected with an electromagnetic control end group of a controller.
The controller can increase or decrease the electrification amount of the electromagnetic coil, namely the pulse magnetic field intensity and the pulse width can be changed, thereby controlling the hammering strength.
The controller is further designed, and an impact release control end of the controller is connected with a locking switch control end of an impact release and reset locking mechanism;
the discharge switches of the N sub-coils are connected with the N photoelectric switches in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
A plurality of sub-coils are axially arranged and can be opened one by one, at the moment, the hammer body is firstly attracted by the magnetic force of the coil at the uppermost end and then attracted one by the coil below to form continuously superposed impact velocity, so that the seismic source force can be rapidly increased instead of being gradually reduced. And the discharging trigger of the coil is triggered by the hammer body, and the discharging switch of the coil can be triggered to be turned on only by moving the guide rod which moves synchronously with the hammer body to a position right opposite to any photoelectric switch, so that the hammer body is accelerated.
A control method of an electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source comprises the following steps:
s1, the controller opens the locking switch of the impact release and reset locking mechanism, and the seismic source hammer body and the guide rod start to synchronously move downwards;
s2, when the guide rod passes through the first photoelectric switch, the corresponding discharge switch of the first sub-coil is turned on, the sub-coil is charged to generate magnetic force, and the seismic source hammer body obtains magnetic force acceleration;
and S3, the guide rod sequentially passes through the N photoelectric switches, the discharge switches of the N sub-coils are correspondingly turned on, the electromagnetic coils are gradually charged with energy from top to bottom and generate magnetic force, and the seismic source hammer body completes acceleration impact.
Above-mentioned design only needs open the locking switch, and the hammer block just receives gravity downstream, and in case synchronous motion's guide rod passes through photoelectric switch in proper order, just can open the discharge switch one by one, through the mode that produces magnetism step by step, can superpose the acceleration fast in the shortest stroke, forms the seismic source impact of big dynamics.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: whole utilize electromagnetic attraction to provide the acceleration of electromagnetic hammer motion, and non-gravity provides alone, through the suction of coil magnetism to ferromagnetic substance, provide the impact force for the electromagnetic hammer, and go up the hammer block and adopt two kinds of different materials with hammer block down, the two is different to the reaction of magnetic attraction, when the coil is longer or multistage when producing magnetic force step by step, thereby the hammer block can constantly receive the influence production acceleration of magnetic attraction, just can realize the focus dynamics of ideal fast, the volume is less, be convenient for transport, can also take the control of hierarchical output magnetic force to come to change the focus dynamics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary seismic source initiation state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary seismic source end state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control loop according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
An electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device is shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises a seismic source hammer body 1 and a hammering accelerator 2, wherein the hammering accelerator 2 is provided with an electromagnetic coil 21, the electromagnetic coil 21 forms a hammer body acceleration runway, the seismic source hammer body 1 is a magnetic conduction hammer body, the head of the seismic source hammer body 1 extends into the initial section of the hammer body acceleration runway, and after the electromagnetic coil 21 is electrified, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil attracts the seismic source hammer body 1 to accelerate towards the terminal section of the hammer body acceleration runway.
The seismic source hammer body 1 comprises an upper hammer body 11 and a lower hammer body 12, the magnetic permeability of the upper hammer body 11 is higher than that of the lower hammer body 12, the upper hammer body is preferably made of DTE4 pure iron, and the lower hammer body is preferably made of SUS304 stainless steel. The magnetic conductivity of iron is greatly higher than that of stainless steel, so that the two are different in magnetic attraction force, the upper hammer body can obtain larger acceleration, the lower hammer body is pushed to hammer the ground, and the lower hammer body only plays a role in prolonging the hammering.
The head of the upper hammer body 11 is fixedly connected with the tail of the lower hammer body 12, the head of the lower hammer body 12 extends into the hammer body acceleration runway, and the tail of the upper hammer body 11 is fixedly connected with a hammer body guide mechanism 3;
the guiding direction of the hammer body guiding mechanism 3 is consistent with the stroke of the seismic source hammer body 1.
The electromagnetic coil 21 is vertically arranged in a shell 22 of the hammering accelerator 2, a hammer body through hole is formed in the bottom of the shell 22 and is over against the hammer body acceleration runway, and the aperture of the hammer body through hole is larger than or equal to the hammer diameter of the seismic source hammer body 1;
the hammer body guiding mechanism 3 is fixed on the outer wall of the shell 22, and the tail part of the upper hammer body 11 extends out of the shell 22 to be connected with the hammer body guiding mechanism 3;
the part of the upper hammer body 11 extending out of the shell 22 is sleeved with a secondary impact preventing spring 5, and the secondary impact preventing spring 5 is placed on the shell 22.
The hammer body guiding mechanism 3 comprises a guiding rod 31 and an impact releasing and resetting locking mechanism 32, wherein the guiding rod 31 and the upper hammer body 11 are parallel to each other, and the tail parts of the guiding rod 31 and the upper hammer body 11 are fixedly connected through a connecting piece;
the impact release and reset locking mechanism 32 comprises a locking box body which is fixed on a mounting plate 33, and the mounting plate 33 is fixedly connected with the shell 22 and is parallel to the upper end face of the shell 22;
an electromagnetic bolt is arranged in the locking box body, and the head of the guide rod 31 penetrates through the impact release and reset locking mechanism 32 and is limited by the electromagnetic bolt.
The outer wall of the shell 22 is distributed with N photoelectric switches, and the N photoelectric switches are sequentially arranged along the movement direction of the seismic source hammer body 1 and are opposite to the movement track of the guide rod 31.
The seismic source accelerator 2 is fixedly installed on a bottom plate of the seismic source cart 4, a hammering through hole is formed in the bottom plate and is opposite to the hammer body through hole, and the diameter of the hammering through hole is larger than or equal to that of the seismic source hammer body 1. The mounting plate 33 is also fixed to the upper part of the source cart 4 in this embodiment.
The hammer acceleration runway comprises N sections of acceleration sections, the electromagnetic coil 21 is provided with N sub-coils 21a along the direction of the runway, and the acceleration sections correspond to the sub-coils 21a one to one;
n discharge switches are correspondingly arranged on the N sub-coils 21a and are sequentially triggered along with the movement stroke of the seismic source hammer body 1.
An electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generation control system comprises an electromagnetic control-based impact seismic source generation device shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein an electromagnetic input end group of an electromagnetic coil 21 is connected with an electromagnetic control end group of a controller 6, as shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the impact release control end of the controller 6 is connected with the lock switch control end of the impact release and reset locking mechanism 32;
the discharge switches of the N sub-coils 21a are connected to the N photoelectric switches in a one-to-one correspondence.
A control method of an electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source comprises the following steps:
s1, the controller 6 opens the locking switch of the impact release and reset locking mechanism 32, and the seismic source hammer body 1 and the guide rod 31 start to synchronously move downwards;
s2, when the guide rod 31 passes through the first photoelectric switch, the corresponding discharge switch of the first sub-coil 21a is turned on, the sub-coil 21a is charged to generate magnetic force, and the seismic source hammer body 1 obtains magnetic force for acceleration;
s3, the guiding rod 31 passes through N photoelectric switches in sequence, and correspondingly opens the discharge switches of the N sub-coils 21a, the electromagnetic coil 21 is charged with energy gradually from top to bottom and generates magnetic force, and the seismic source hammer body 1 finishes acceleration impact.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device comprises a seismic source hammer body (1) and a hammering accelerator (2), and is characterized in that the hammering accelerator (2) is provided with an electromagnetic coil (21), the electromagnetic coil (21) forms a hammer body acceleration runway, the seismic source hammer body (1) is a magnetic conduction hammer body, the head of the seismic source hammer body (1) extends into the initial section of the hammer body acceleration runway, and after the electromagnetic coil (21) is electrified, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil attracts the seismic source hammer body (1) to accelerate towards the terminal section of the hammer body acceleration runway;
the hammer acceleration runway comprises N sections of acceleration sections, the electromagnetic coil (21) is provided with N sub-coils (21a) along the direction of the runway, and the acceleration sections correspond to the sub-coils (21a) one by one;
n discharge switches are correspondingly arranged on the N sub-coils (21a), and are sequentially triggered along with the motion stroke of the seismic source hammer body (1);
the seismic source hammer body (1) comprises an upper hammer body (11) and a lower hammer body (12), the magnetic conductivity of the upper hammer body (11) is higher than that of the lower hammer body (12), the head of the upper hammer body (11) is fixedly connected with the tail of the lower hammer body (12), the head of the lower hammer body (12) extends into the hammer body acceleration runway, and the tail of the upper hammer body (11) is fixedly connected with a hammer body guide mechanism (3);
the guiding direction of the hammer body guiding mechanism (3) is consistent with the stroke of the seismic source hammer body (1);
the electromagnetic coil (21) is vertically arranged in a shell (22) of the hammering accelerator (2), the hammer body guiding mechanism (3) is fixed on the outer wall of the shell (22), and the tail part of the upper hammer body (11) extends out of the shell (22) to be connected with the hammer body guiding mechanism (3);
the hammer body guide mechanism (3) comprises a guide rod (31) and an impact release and reset locking mechanism (32), the guide rod (31) and the upper hammer body (11) are parallel to each other, and the tail parts of the guide rod and the upper hammer body are fixedly connected through a connecting piece;
the impact release and reset locking mechanism (32) comprises a locking box body, the locking box body is fixed on a mounting plate (33), and the mounting plate (33) is fixedly connected with the shell (22);
an electromagnetic bolt is arranged in the locking box body, and the head of the guide rod (31) penetrates through the impact release and reset locking mechanism (32) and is limited by the electromagnetic bolt.
2. The electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that a hammer body through hole is formed in the bottom of the shell (22), the hammer body through hole is opposite to the hammer body acceleration runway, and the diameter of the hammer body through hole is larger than or equal to the diameter of a hammer body (1) of a seismic source;
and a part of the upper hammer body (11) extending out of the shell (22) is sleeved with a secondary impact prevention spring (5), and the secondary impact prevention spring (5) is placed on the shell (22).
3. The electromagnetically driven vibroseis source generating device of claim 2, characterized in that said mounting plate (33) is parallel to the upper end surface of the housing (22).
4. The electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that N photoelectric switches are distributed on the outer wall of the shell (22), and are sequentially arranged along the motion direction of the seismic source hammer body (1) and are opposite to the motion track of the guide rod (31).
5. The electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generation device according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising a seismic source cart (4), wherein the hammering accelerator (2) is fixedly mounted on a bottom plate of the seismic source cart (4), and a hammering through hole is formed in the bottom plate and is opposite to the hammer body through hole, and the diameter of the hammering through hole is larger than or equal to that of the hammer body (1) of the seismic source.
6. An electromagnetically driven impact seismic source generation control system, characterized by comprising the electromagnetic control-based impact seismic source generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electromagnetic input terminal group of the electromagnetic coil (21) is connected with the electromagnetic control terminal group of the controller (6).
7. The electromagnetic drive type impact seismic source generation control system according to claim 6, characterized in that N photoelectric switches are distributed on the outer wall of the shell (22), are sequentially arranged along the motion direction of the seismic source hammer body (1), and are opposite to the motion track of the guide rod (31);
the impact release control end of the controller (6) is connected with the locking switch control end of the impact release and reset locking mechanism (32);
the discharge switches of the N sub-coils (21a) are connected with the N photoelectric switches in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
8. A control method for an electromagnetic-driven impact seismic source, which is applied to the electromagnetic-driven impact seismic source generation control system according to claim 7, and which comprises the steps of:
s1, the controller (6) opens a locking switch of the impact release and reset locking mechanism (32), and the seismic source hammer body (1) and the guide rod (31) start to synchronously move downwards;
s2, when the guide rod (31) passes through the first photoelectric switch, the discharge switch of the corresponding first sub-coil (21a) is turned on, the sub-coil (21a) is charged to generate magnetic force, and the seismic source hammer body (1) obtains magnetic force acceleration;
s3, the guide rod (31) sequentially passes through the N photoelectric switches, the discharge switches of the N sub-coils (21a) are correspondingly turned on, the electromagnetic coils (21) are charged with energy gradually from top to bottom to generate magnetic force, and the seismic source hammer body (1) completes acceleration impact.
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| CN103243701B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-05-06 | 广东工业大学 | Light and convenient electromagnetic high-energy dynamic compaction device and method and application |
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