CN110261731A - A kind of more transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field - Google Patents
A kind of more transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclose a kind of more transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field.The described method includes: arrange multiple magnetic field sensors, the magnetic field strength measured value at position to obtain the multiple magnetic field sensor；The magnetic field strength theoretical value at the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor is obtained according to Ampere circuit law；The equation for calculating the magnetic field strength theoretical value is converted into equation of linear regression；The equation of linear regression is solved to obtain the coefficient, and the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity is expressed as to the function of a parameter of a transmission line of electricity in more transmission lines of electricity；According to the magnetic field strength measured value and theoretical value at the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor, majorized function is constructed；And the majorized function is solved to obtain one parameter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent algorithm fields, and in particular to a kind of more transmission line parameter (electric currents based on current field
And position) measurement method.
Background technique
With the continuous development of the economy and society, the requirement to power quality is continuously improved, and building is reliable, safety, cleaning,
Economic smart grid is classified as important development strategy by more and more countries.In order to better ensure that power quality, realize
To real-time, the exact picture of electric network state, the current measuring method of transmission line of electricity each in electric system is obtained more and more
Concern.Electric system normal operation and the case where failure in order to balance, it is desirable that current measuring device can not only measure normally
Alternating current and direct current electric current, and the transient signal of medium-high frequency can be measured, while requiring measurement current amplitude range as big as possible.
Current measuring method traditional in electric system includes the methods of current transformer and shunt resistance at present.However it passes
The current measuring method of system is there are clearly disadvantageous, if current transformer has easily saturation, since the presence of iron core makes volume
It is larger with weight, it is difficult to the shortcomings that measuring DC current；And shunt resistance is not only larger to the consumption of energy, but also is difficult to meet
The requirement of electrical isolation.Therefore, have become the key of smart grid research for the New type of current measuring device of electric system
One of problem.
With the continuous development of sensing technology, the indirect measurement of electric current is obtained using magnetic field sensor realization more and more
Concern, and using measured magnetic field calculating current method itself have electric insulation the characteristics of, have good property.So
And power system transmission line usually integrated distribution (such as in substation's electric power facility) so that each adjacent power route it
Between magnetic field influence each other, the magnetic field strength of magnetic field sensor measurement is often the folded of the magnetic field strength that more transmission lines of electricity generate
Add, causes difficulty to subsequent electric current reconstructing and measurement.
In order to solve this problem, currently used main method is become using circular sensor array and spatial Fourier
The method changed.However, circular sensor array difficult arrangement, and the realization of spatial Fourier transform needs transmission line of electricity position to be measured
In the center of sensor array.
Therefore it provides a kind of novel more transmission line parameter measurement methods are of great significance.
Summary of the invention
More transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field that the invention proposes a kind of, this method use tunnelling magnetic
The electric current and location parameter of inverting transmission line of electricity are carried out in the magnetic field generated around resistance (TMR) sensor measurement transmission line of electricity, devise
More transmission line parameter inversion algorithms based on linear regression and optimization algorithm greatly reduce interference transmission line of electricity to measurement
Influence, and the good Frequency Response of sensor used makes it possible broadband measurement, to the electric current in electric system
Measurement is of great significance.
More transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field that according to an aspect of the present invention, it proposes a kind of,
The described method includes: arranging multiple magnetic field sensors, the magnetic field strength at the position to obtain the multiple magnetic field sensor is surveyed
Magnitude；The magnetic field strength theoretical value at the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor is obtained according to Ampere circuit law, wherein described
Magnetic field strength theoretical value be the magnetic field of more transmission lines of electricity superposition and it is related to the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity；It will meter
The equation for calculating the magnetic field strength theoretical value is converted to equation of linear regression, wherein with the position with the multiple magnetic field sensor
Amount relevant with magnetic field strength is as item is returned, using amount relevant to the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity as coefficient；Solve institute
Equation of linear regression is stated to obtain the coefficient, and the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity is expressed as in more transmission lines of electricity
The function of one parameter of one transmission line of electricity；According at the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor magnetic field strength measured value and
Theoretical value constructs majorized function, wherein the theoretical value is represented as the function of one parameter；And solve the optimization
Function is to obtain one parameter, wherein the parameter includes electric current and position.
Preferably, the method also includes the other parameters of more transmission lines of electricity according to one parametric solution.
Preferably, more transmission lines of electricity are two transmission lines of electricity, and the theoretical value is represented as:
Wherein, HyAnd HzRespectively in the plane perpendicular to two transmission lines of electricity in orthogonal both direction
Magnetic field strength, I1And I2The electric current of respectively described two transmission lines of electricity, and y1, z1And y2, z2Respectively indicate described two
The position of root transmission line of electricity in said two directions.
Preferably, the equation of linear regression is represented as:
a0+a1yk+a2yk 2+a3(-2πHy)+a4(-2πHyyk)+a5(-2πHyyk 2)+a6(-2πHyyk 3The π H of)=2yyk 4b0+b1yk
+b2yk 2+b3yk 3+b4(-2πHz)+b5(-2πHzyk)+b6(-2πHzyk 2)+b7(-2πHzyk 3The π H of)=2zyk 4
Wherein,
a1=-2I1z1y2-2I222y1
a2=I1z1+I2z2
a6=-2y1-2y2
b2=-2I1y2-I1y1-2I2y1-I2y2
b3=I1+I2。
Preferably, one parameter is I1, I2, y1, y2, z1, z2Any of.
Preferably, one parameter is I1, and the majorized function is represented as:
Wherein, HY, mAnd HZ, mRespectively indicate magnetic field sensor magnetic field strength measured value obtained, and HyAnd HzTable respectively
Show the theoretical value of the magnetic field strength at the position of the magnetic field sensor.
Preferably, the magnetic field sensor is tunnel magneto TMR sensor.
With reference to attached drawing, according to the description of exemplary embodiment, other features of the invention be will be apparent below.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the arrangement of array of magnetic field and there are the views that transmission line of electricity surrounding magnetic field when interference electric current is distributed；
And
Fig. 2 is that there are parametric solution step and exemplary measurements fs under more power line conditions.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, carrying out clear, complete description to the present invention with reference to attached drawing.It is understood, however, that being described below only
Illustratively, and not following embodiment is limited the invention to.
Existed for existing based on the power system transmission line parameter measurement method of shunt resistance or current sensor
The problem of, it is such as difficult to realize electric insulation, measuring device volume is larger, and measuring range and the relatively narrow difficulty of frequency band propose one
The new more transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field of kind.By arranging magnetic field sensor around transmission line of electricity,
The magnetic field strength for collecting magnetic field sensor measurement, is finally inversed by the electric current and location parameter of transmission line of electricity, realizes to electric system
The high-precision of transmission line parameter, broadband measurement.
In view of in industrial application, being frequently present of interference electric current around electric current to be measured, or there is need while measuring
The case where parameter inside more transmission lines of electricity.When there are interference electric current, for the transmission line parameter based on current field
Measurement method, the magnetic field strength of magnetic field sensor measurement are the superpositions of the magnetic field strength of electric current to be measured and interference electric current generation, are given
Subsequent parameter reconstruct causes difficulty, and the invention proposes a kind of reconstruct of the new type of parametric of combination linear regression and optimization algorithm to calculate
Method largely eliminates influence of the unknown disturbances electric current to inverting, has accurately solved the size and location of electric current to be measured,
Simultaneously the size and location of unknown disturbances electric current is also estimated, be of great significance in electric system current measurement and
Application value.
Method proposed by the present invention consists of three parts: magnetic-field measurement part, linear regression algorithm part and optimization algorithm
Part.The magnetic field sensor of magnetic-field measurement part uses two-dimensional TMR tunnel magneto magnetic field sensor, in a manner of linear array
It is arranged in the lower section of more transmission lines of electricity, acquires the superimposed total magnetic intensity of magnetic field strength that each transmission line of electricity electric current generates.
Linear regression algorithm part innovatively proposes transmission line parameter inverting and measurement method based on linear regression.Known
In the case where array of magnetic field position and direction parameter and input measured magnetic field, reduced using linear regression mode
The quantity of parameter to be asked, and the influence of measurement noise can be eliminated to a certain extent.Finally by optimization algorithm part to
Parameter through drastically reducing optimizes inverting solution, finally obtains transmission line of electricity to be measured and interferes the electric current of transmission line of electricity
Size and location.
The present invention utilizes transmission line of electricity ambient magnetic field strength size and transmission line of electricity size of current and transmission line of electricity and magnetic field
The related feature in relative position between sensor, the magnetic field strength obtained using array of magnetic field measurement are instead released as magnetic
The electric current of the transmission line of electricity of field source and position.It is proposed by the present invention to be joined based on the transmission line of electricity of linear regression algorithm and optimization algorithm
Number inversion method, can not only eliminate the influence of measurement noise, more importantly reducing parameter to be asked to a certain extent
Quantity, greatly reduce computation complexity, and the higher measurement result of precision is obtained by optimization algorithm.
Make different from the shunt resistance or current transformer method, the present invention of transmission route survey in traditional electric system
The magnetic field value for using array of magnetic field to measure is finally inversed by electric current and position as the transmission line of electricity of magnetic field sources.In addition, utilizing
Relationship between the field strength values and electric current of array of magnetic field measurement realizes the transmission line of electricity ginseng based on magnetic-field measurement
Number measurement and inverting.
In the present invention, by using the TMR tunnel magneto sensor of high frequency band, the flexibility of measurement frequency band is realized,
It is enough to cope with the direct current in electric system, exchanges, the multiple measurement requirement of transient state.With good time-frequency domain measurement characteristic.
In addition, eliminating measurement to a certain extent using the transmission line parameter inversion method based on linear regression and missing
Difference.And the quantity of unknown parameter to be asked is considerably reduced, reduce computation complexity.
In addition, carrying out transmission line parameter Inversion Calculation, the not only size of available electric current to be measured using optimization algorithm
And position, the also size and location of available surrounding interference electric current, precision with higher.Final realize is based on current field
More transmission line parameter inversion methods, realize and can be applied to the non-contacting transmission line of electricity of high range broadband in electric system
Current measurement.
Hereinafter, more transmission route survey methods according to the present invention based on current field are described with reference to the drawings.It should infuse
Meaning, in the following description, describes according to the method for the present invention by taking two transmission lines of electricity as an example, but the present invention is not limited to
This, can be applied to the measurement of three or more root transmission line parameters according to the method for the present invention.
In addition, in the following description, one in two transmission lines of electricity is described as interfering transmission line of electricity, but this hair
Bright without being limited thereto, which can be normal transmission line of electricity.That is institute, present invention could apply to transmit electricity more
The measurement of line parameter circuit value, and these more transmission lines of electricity are arranged parallel to each other.
Firstly, establishing the coordinate system as shown in (a) of Fig. 1, wherein yz plane is the plane perpendicular to transmission line of electricity, y
Direction is horizontal direction, and the direction z is vertical direction, and the direction x is and the transmission of electricity consistent direction of transmission line of electricity.
Two transmission lines of electricity (transmission line of electricity to be measured and interference transmission line of electricity) considered below, and two transmission lines of electricity are parallel
Situation.
Magnetic field sensor can be arranged as illustrated in fig. 1.Magnetic field sensor can for example select film magneto-resistive sensor
Device, magnetoresistive sensitivity device, eddy current sensor or other kinds of magnetic field sensor.Preferably, in the present exemplary embodiment
In, magnetic field sensor uses TMR tunnel magneto sensor, and the measurement frequency band of the sensor is flexible, copes in electric system
Direct current, exchange, transient state multiple measurement requirement.
Magnetic field sensor so arranged can measure the magnetic field strength at the position of the magnetic field sensor.Specifically,
Magnetic field sensor measures the magnetic field strength H on the direction y and the direction zZ, mAnd HY, m, and the magnetic field strength is two transmission lines of electricity
The summation in the magnetic field that electric current generates.
In addition, the magnetic field at the position of the magnetic field sensor can indicate according to Ampere circuit law are as follows:
Wherein I1And I2It respectively indicates transmission line of electricity to be measured and interferes the electric current of transmission line of electricity, (y1, z1) and (y2, z2) respectively
Indicate the coordinate position of the two.In the case where single transmission line of electricity, it can be played using the method for linear regression to noise
Inhibiting effect.However, the magnetic field strength of magnetic field sensor measurement is power transmission line to be measured in the case where there is interference transmission line of electricity
The superposition for the magnetic field strength that road and interference transmission line of electricity generate, increasingly complex, decoupling has difficulties.Therefore, it is difficult to directly pass through letter
Single algebraic operation decoupling.The method for still considering linear regression converts formula (1) are as follows:
2πHy[(y1-yk)2+z1 2][(y2-yk)2+z2 2]=I1z1[(y2-yk)2+z2 2]+I222[(y1-yk)2+z1 2]
2πHz[(y1-yk)2+z1 2][(y2-yk)2+z2 2]=I1(yk-y1)[(y2-yk)2+z2 2]+I2(yk-y2)[(y1-yk)2+
z1 2]
(2)
It is easy discovery, the item in formula (2) can be divided into two classes, and one kind is by can measure data, such as Hy, Hz, ykComposition；
Another kind of is by amount to be calculated, such as I1, I2, y1, y2, z1, z2Composition.Therefore, (2) can be regarded as and measurable data is formed
Item linear regression, coefficient be the item being made of amount to be calculated:
Wherein, linear regression coeffficient can indicate are as follows:
Therefore, all unknown parameters can be expressed as I1Function.Current measurement problem can be converted into following optimization
Problem:
Wherein HY, mAnd HZ, mRespectively indicate the y-axis of magnetic field sensor measurement and the magnetic field strength in z-axis direction.HyAnd HzRespectively
The theoretical value for indicating the magnetic field strength at magnetic field sensor position gone out according to unknown parameter table, such as formula (1), and unknown parameter
It again can be by I1Complete table goes out.Thus by a Multi-variables optimum design problem conversion for single argument optimization problem, the bulk flow of algorithm
Shown in (a) of journey such as Fig. 2.
It should be noted that in the above description, all unknown parameters are represented as I1Function, but the present invention is not limited to
This.In fact, all unknown parameters can be represented as any parameter (for example, I1, I2, y1, y2, z1, z2) function, and remove
Except parameter is different, subsequent optimization process is identical.
Hereinafter, process shown in (a) according to fig. 2 specifically describes according to the method for the present invention.Firstly, obtaining multiple magnetic
Magnetic field strength measured value at field sensor position specifically in the present example embodiment, obtains each magnetic field sensor position
Set the magnetic field strength H at placeY, mAnd HZ, m.It should be noted that at this point, the position y of each magnetic field sensorkIt is also known.
Next, using the value of the amount to be calculated in linear regression method calculating formula (3), wherein amount to be calculated is a0,
a1...a6And b0, b1...b6。
Amount a to be calculated is being calculated by linear regression method0, a1...a6And b0, b1...b6Value after, according to
Formula (4) is it is found that unknown parameter z1, z2, y1, y2And I2It can be represented as single parameter I1Function.
Then, optimization problem shown in formula (5) can be solved, wherein formula (5) indicates corresponding when function f is minimized
I1Value.By solving the majorized function of formula (5), the electric current I of transmission line of electricity to be measured can be obtained1.Obtaining transmission line of electricity to be measured
Electric current I1Later, the electric current and location parameter of transmission line of electricity to be measured and interference transmission line of electricity can be obtained according to formula (4).
In one embodiment, emulation experiment is carried out by MATLAB.In the emulation experiment, I is taken1For 10A, I2For 2A.
After linear regression, draws and minimize function f and I1Relationship such as Fig. 2 (b).As can be seen that function minimum point occurred
Position is consistent with electric current actual size, then by selecting suitable optimization algorithm, calculates available more accurate current value.
More transmission line of electricity current measuring methods proposed by the present invention based on magnetic field sensor are based on TMR magnetic field sensor
The superposition value for measuring the magnetic field that obtained transmission line of electricity to be measured and interference transmission line of electricity generate, is calculated using linear regression and optimization
Method greatly reduces the quantity of unknown parameter, improves the precision of measurement.The not only size of available electric current to be measured,
The intensity of interference electric current can be estimated, in the practical application of the more transmission line of electricity current measurements of electric system, such as substation
In transmission line of electricity current measurement, there is great application value.
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art,
It can still modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment, or be equal to part of technical characteristic
Replacement, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in this hair
Within bright protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of more transmission line parameter measurement methods based on current field, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Arrange multiple magnetic field sensors, the magnetic field strength measured value at position to obtain the multiple magnetic field sensor；
The magnetic field strength theoretical value at the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor is obtained according to Ampere circuit law, wherein the magnetic
Field intensity theoretical value be the magnetic field of more transmission lines of electricity superposition and it is related to the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity；
The equation for calculating the magnetic field strength theoretical value is converted into equation of linear regression, wherein with the multiple magnetic field sensing
The position of device and the relevant amount of magnetic field strength are as item is returned, using amount relevant to the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity as system
Number；
The equation of linear regression is solved to obtain the coefficient, and the parameter of more transmission lines of electricity is expressed as described how defeated
The function of one parameter of a transmission line of electricity in electric line；
According to the magnetic field strength measured value and theoretical value at the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor, majorized function is constructed, wherein
The theoretical value is represented as the function of one parameter；And
The majorized function is solved to obtain one parameter,
Wherein, the parameter includes electric current and position.
2. more transmission line parameter measurement methods according to claim 1 based on current field, which is characterized in that described
Method further includes the other parameters of more transmission lines of electricity according to one parametric solution.
3. more transmission line parameter measurement methods according to claim 1 based on current field, which is characterized in that described
More transmission lines of electricity are two transmission lines of electricity, and the theoretical value is represented as:
Wherein, HyAnd HzMagnetic respectively in the plane perpendicular to two transmission lines of electricity in orthogonal both direction
Field intensity, I1And I2The electric current of respectively described two transmission lines of electricity, and y1, z1And y2, z2Respectively indicate described two it is defeated
The position of electric line in said two directions.
4. more transmission line parameter measurement methods according to claim 3 based on current field, which is characterized in that described
Equation of linear regression is represented as:
a0+a1yk+a2yk 2+a3(-2πHy)+a4(-2πHyyk)+a5(-2πHyyk 2)+a6(-2πHyyk 3The π H of)=2yyk 4
b0+b1yk+b2yk 2+b3yk 3+b4(-2πHz)+b5(-2πHzyk)+b6(-2πHzyk 2)+b7(-2πHzyk 3The π H of)=2zyk 4
Wherein,
a1=-2I1z1y2-2I2z2y1
a2=I1z1+I2z2
a6=-2y1-2y2
b2=-2I1y2-I1y1-2I2y1-I2y2
b3=I1+I2。
5. more transmission line parameter measurement methods according to claim 4 based on current field, which is characterized in that described
One parameter is I1, I2, y1, y2, z1, z2Any of.
6. more transmission line parameter measurement methods according to claim 5 based on current field, which is characterized in that described
One parameter is I1, and the majorized function is represented as:
Wherein, HY, mAnd HZ, mRespectively indicate magnetic field sensor magnetic field strength measured value obtained, and HyAnd HzIt is illustrated respectively in
The theoretical value of magnetic field strength at the position of the magnetic field sensor.
7. more transmission line parameter measurement methods according to claim 1 based on current field, which is characterized in that described
Magnetic field sensor is tunnel magneto TMR sensor.
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