CN110261730A - A kind of solid conductor measurement method of parameters based on current field - Google Patents
A kind of solid conductor measurement method of parameters based on current field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110261730A CN110261730A CN201910479461.4A CN201910479461A CN110261730A CN 110261730 A CN110261730 A CN 110261730A CN 201910479461 A CN201910479461 A CN 201910479461A CN 110261730 A CN110261730 A CN 110261730A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
- G01R33/098—Magnetoresistive devices comprising tunnel junctions, e.g. tunnel magnetoresistance sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/10—Plotting field distribution ; Measuring field distribution
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
Abstract
Disclose a kind of solid conductor measurement method of parameters based on current field.This method includes arranging multiple magnetic field sensors on the first direction in the plane perpendicular to the conducting wire, wherein known to the position of the multiple magnetic field sensor in said first direction, the magnetic field strength on the first direction and second direction of the multiple magnetic field sensor is obtained, wherein the second direction is located in the plane and vertical with the first direction；Obtain the ratio of the magnetic field strength of each magnetic field sensor in the first direction and a second direction in the multiple magnetic field sensor；And least square method is utilized, position and electric current based on conducting wire described in the multiple magnetic field sensor position in said first direction and the ratio calculation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent algorithm fields, and in particular to it is a kind of based on current field solid conductor parameter (electric current and
Position) measurement method.
Background technique
Since the 1990s, the continuous exhaustion of fossil energy and running down for environment, renewable energy access electricity
The generator unit number of net is increasing, and electric system is market-oriented and makes construction can the requirement that power quality is gradually increased
It leans on, the common recognition of safety, economy, the target of efficient, environmental-friendly smart grid as domestic and foreign scholars.And it is advanced sensing and
Measuring technique, the continuous development of advanced equipment and technology and advanced control method but also the imagination of smart grid become can
Energy.Current measuring device to electric system is the important component of power grid panoramic view data acquisition system.Electric power in order to balance
System operates normally and the case where failure, it is desirable that and current measuring device can not only measure normal exchange, DC current, and
The transient signal of medium-high frequency can be measured, while requiring measurement current amplitude range as big as possible.
Current measuring method traditional in electric system includes the methods of current transformer and shunt resistance at present.However it passes
The current measuring method of system is there are clearly disadvantageous, if current transformer has easily saturation, since the presence of iron core makes volume
It is larger with weight, it is difficult to the shortcomings that measuring DC current；And shunt resistance is not only larger to the consumption of energy, but also is difficult to meet
The requirement of electrical isolation.Therefore, have become the key of smart grid research for the New type of current measuring device of electric system
One of problem.With the continuous development of sensing technology, is realized using magnetic field sensor and the indirect measurement of electric current is obtained increasingly
More concerns, and the characteristics of method itself of measured magnetic field calculating current is with electric insulation is used, there is good property.
Summary of the invention
It is asked for existing for the existing electric system current in wire measurement method based on shunt resistance or current sensor
Topic, is such as difficult to realize electric insulation, and measuring device volume is larger, measuring range and the relatively narrow difficulty of frequency band, proposes a kind of new
The conducting wire measurement method of parameters based on magnetic field.By arranging magnetic field sensor around conducting wire, magnetic field sensor measurement is collected
Magnetic field strength, be finally inversed by the electric current and location parameter of conducting wire, realize that the high-precision to electric system current in wire, broadband are surveyed
Amount.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of solid conductor measurement method of parameters based on current field, it should
Method includes: to arrange multiple magnetic field sensors on the first direction in the plane perpendicular to the conducting wire, wherein the multiple
Magnetic field sensor position in said first direction it is known that obtain the multiple magnetic field sensor in the first direction and
Magnetic field strength in second direction, wherein the second direction is located in the plane and vertical with the first direction；It obtains
Take the ratio of the magnetic field strength of each magnetic field sensor in the first direction and a second direction in the multiple magnetic field sensor；
And least square method is utilized, based on the multiple magnetic field sensor position in said first direction and the radiometer
Calculate position and the electric current of the conducting wire.
Preferably, the multiple magnetic field sensor is TMR tunnel magneto sensor.
Preferably, the position of the conducting wire are as follows:
[y0 z0]=(RTR)-1RY,
Wherein,
Y=[y1 … yn]T
y0And z0The respectively coordinate value of conducting wire in the first direction and a second direction, and
Wherein, yiFor the coordinate of i-th of magnetic field sensor in a first direction, riIt is i-th magnetic field sensor first
The ratio of magnetic field strength on direction and second direction, i=1,2...n, n are the quantity of magnetic field sensor.
Preferably, the electric current of the conducting wire are as follows:
Wherein, HY, kAnd HZ, kThe magnetic field strength of respectively k-th of magnetic field sensor in the first direction and a second direction.
It preferably, is δ S in the measurement accuracy of sensor, the magnetic field sensor in conducting wire and the multiple sensor is most
Big distance is dmax, minimum range dmin, the maximum field strength and minimum value that magnetic field sensor senses are respectively Hd-min
And Hd-max, then following formula is satisfied:
|Hdmax-Hd-min|≥δS。
Preferably, following formula is satisfied:
|Hd-max-Hd-min|≥δS
Wherein, I is electric current, and d is distance of the conducting wire to the midpoint of the multiple magnetic field sensor, conducting wire and the multiple biography
The maximum distance of magnetic field sensor in sensor is dmax, minimum range dmin, the magnetic field strength that magnetic field sensor senses is most
Big value and minimum value are respectively Hd-minAnd Hd-max, dsFor the overall length of the multiple magnetic field sensor, the measurement accuracy of sensor is δ
S。
Conducting wire measurement method of parameters according to the present invention based on magnetic field is led using tunnel magneto (TMR) sensor measurement
The electric current and location parameter of the magnetic field strength inverting conducting wire generated around line, the good Frequency Response of sensor survey broadband
Amount is possibly realized, and is of great significance to the current measurement in electric system.
With reference to attached drawing, according to the description of exemplary embodiment, other features of the invention be will be apparent below.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is straight line array of magnetic field and solid conductor Distribution of Magnetic Field；
Fig. 2 is the fitting result figure under 5%, 10%, 25% and 50% superimposed noise；And
Fig. 3 is the variation schematic diagram of measurement position and current error with superimposed noise amplitude.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, being described with reference to the drawings according to an embodiment of the invention, it is understood that embodiment below is only to show
Example property, and not to limit the invention to following embodiment.
Solid conductor measurement method of parameters proposed by the present invention based on magnetic field, consists of two parts: magnetic-field measurement part
Part is calculated with conducting wire parametric inversion.The magnetic field sensor of magnetic-field measurement part uses two-dimensional TMR tunnel magneto magnetic field sensor,
It is arranged in a manner of linear array below conducting wire, the magnetic field strength that acquisition current in wire generates.Part is calculated in conducting wire parametric inversion
Innovatively propose conducting wire parametric inversion and measurement method based on linear regression.In known magnetic field sensor array location and
In the case where directioin parameter and input measured magnetic field, it is often difficult in power system measuring to be eliminated using linear regression mode
The problem of to determine relative position between conducting wire and array of magnetic field, and measurement noise can be eliminated to a certain extent
It influences.
The present invention utilizes opposite position between conducting wire ambient magnetic field strength and current in wire size and conducting wire and magnetic field sensor
The characteristics of being equipped with pass, the magnetic field strength obtained using array of magnetic field measurement instead release the electric current of the conducting wire as magnetic field sources
Size and location.Conducting wire parameter inversion method based on linear regression algorithm can not only eliminate measurement to a certain extent and make an uproar
The influence of sound, more importantly solving existing in actual measurement be difficult between determining array of magnetic field and conducting wire
The problem of relative position.
It is different from the shunt resistance or current transformer of traverse survey in traditional electric system according to the method for the present invention
Method is finally inversed by the size of magnetic field ource electric current using the magnetic field value that array of magnetic field measures.Utilize array of magnetic field
Relationship between the field strength values and electric current of measurement realizes current in wire measurement and inverting based on magnetic-field measurement.
In addition, realizing the flexibility of measurement frequency band, it is sufficient to answer by using the TMR tunnel magneto sensor of high frequency band
To the direct current in electric system, exchange, the multiple measurement requirement of transient state.With good time-frequency domain measurement characteristic.
In addition, having used the current in wire inversion method based on linear regression, conducting wire present in actual measurement is eliminated
Influence in the case that relative position is often unknown between electric current and array of magnetic field to measurement accuracy, to a certain extent
Measurement error can also be eliminated.Finally realize the current in wire inversion method measured based on magnetic field sensor, realization can be applied to
The non-contacting current in wire measurement of high range broadband in electric system.
Hereinafter, the conducting wire measurement method of parameters according to the present invention based on magnetic field is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
In the present invention, array of magnetic field is arranged to succinct linear structure, sensor structure and solid conductor
Distribution of Magnetic Field it is as described in Figure 1.
In the present example embodiment, magnetic field sensor can for example select film (CPP) magnetoresistive sensor, magnetoresistive sensitivity
Device, eddy current sensor or other kinds of magnetic field sensor.Preferably, in the present example embodiment, magnetic field sensing
Device uses TMR tunnel magneto sensor, and the measurement frequency band of the sensor is flexible, cope with direct current in electric system, exchange,
The multiple measurement requirement of transient state.
For single straight wire situation, in the present invention, positional relationship is unknown between main research sensor and conducting wire
Situation.Since the positional relationship between magnetic field sensor and conducting wire is unknown, causes the parameter solved to increase, need to increase sensor
Quantity.Consider that array of magnetic field is in line arrangement, using data prediction and based on the linear regression of least square method
The calculating of algorithm progress current value and position.Study the optimum layout of array of magnetic field, measurement range and to noise suppressed
Effect.
Firstly, establishing the rectangular coordinate system as shown in (a) of Fig. 1, wherein the direction x is consistent with the direction of conducting wire, y-axis and z
Axis is orthogonal reference axis in yz plane, and wherein yz plane is the plane vertical with conducting wire.
In the present example embodiment, the position of z=0 is located at by the array that n magnetic field sensor forms.Alternatively,
Array of magnetic field can be at the position of y=0.According to Ampere circuit law, k-th of magnetic field sensor is obtained in y-axis
With the magnetic field strength H on z-axis directionyAnd HzIt is as follows.
Wherein, ykFor the coordinate value of k-th of magnetic field sensor in the y-axis direction, z0And y0Respectively conducting wire is in z-axis and y-axis
Coordinate value on direction.In order to remove HyAnd HzCoupled relation, two formulas in (1) are divided by, are obtained:
By (2) it is found that coordinate y on the y-axis direction of each magnetic field sensorkWith the sensor in z-axis and y-axis direction
The ratio between magnetic field strength rkLinear, wherein slope is the coordinate value z of unknown conducting wire in the z-axis direction0, intercept is unknown leads
The coordinate value y of line in the y-axis direction0.For n magnetic field sensor, by the linear regression problem representation in (2) at such as following formula
(3) form of matrix shown in.
In order to solve the problems, such as the linear regression in (3), usable least square method is obtained:
[y0 z0]=(RTR)-1RY (4)
After the location parameter for solving unknown conducting wire, it is as follows can further to solve current value I:
Due to the mode for having used least square method to be fitted, this measurement method has good inhibiting effect to random noise.
Hereinafter, to use 11 magnetic field sensors, the y-axis coordinate of each magnetic field sensor is distributed in the model that -0.5m arrives 0.5m
In enclosing, spacing is described for the case where 0.1m.It is superimposed 5%, 10%, 25% and 50% random white noise respectively, uses
The fitting result that MATLAB is emulated such as Fig. 2.Obtained lead location and current error are measured with the change of superimposed noise amplitude
Change such as Fig. 3.
Algorithm it can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 based on least square method can be used for based on magnetic field sensing arranged in a straight line
In the current measurement of device array.And due to the property of least square method, so that measurement has good inhibiting effect to superimposed noise.
Other than considering precision, it is also necessary to consider the measurement range of the method.Assuming that the measurement accuracy of magnetic field sensor is δ
The maximum distance of magnetic field sensor in S, conducting wire and array of magnetic field is dmax, minimum range dmin.Magnetic field sensor
The maximum field strength and minimum value sensed is respectively Hd-minAnd Hd-max, then obtained to meet array of magnetic field
The condition of the enough magnetic field strength information that can be used for measuring needs to meet (6).
If unknown conducting wire is remote enough at a distance from array of magnetic field, then there is dmax=dmin≈ d, dmax-dmin≈ds.Its
Middle d is distance of the unknown conducting wire to array midpoint, dsFor array y-axis direction overall length.Then to realize accurate measurement, need to expire
Foot (7).
For magnetic field sensor used in laboratory, it is believed that δ S=0.005Oe.Then I is 10A, dsWhen for 1m, model is measured
Enclosing d is 2m, can satisfy the needs measured in industry.
Conducting wire measurement method of parameters proposed by the present invention based on magnetic field is surveyed using the magnetic field sensor around acquisition conducting wire
The magnetic field strength of amount is finally inversed by the size of current of magnetic field sources conducting wire by the electric current inversion algorithm based on linear regression of design.
The current measurement of flexible high frequency band may be implemented in this method, and the linear regression method used eliminates noise to a certain extent
Influence, and can be applied to the unknown situation in relative position between conducting wire and array of magnetic field, realizing can be applied to
The novel conductive wire measurement method of parameters of electric system.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of solid conductor measurement method of parameters based on current field characterized by comprising
Multiple magnetic field sensors are arranged on the first direction in the plane perpendicular to the conducting wire, wherein the multiple magnetic field passes
Sensor position in said first direction it is known that
The magnetic field strength on the first direction and second direction of the multiple magnetic field sensor is obtained, wherein described second
Direction is located in the plane and vertical with the first direction；
Obtain the magnetic field strength of each magnetic field sensor in the first direction and a second direction in the multiple magnetic field sensor
Ratio；And
Using least square method, based on the multiple magnetic field sensor position in said first direction and the radiometer
Calculate position and the electric current of the conducting wire.
2. the solid conductor measurement method of parameters according to claim 1 based on current field, which is characterized in that described more
A magnetic field sensor is TMR tunnel magneto sensor.
3. the solid conductor measurement method of parameters according to claim 1 based on current field, which is characterized in that described to lead
The position of line are as follows:
[y0 z0]=(RTR)-1RY,
Wherein,
Y=[y1…yn]T
y0And z0The respectively coordinate value of conducting wire in the first direction and a second direction, and
Wherein, yiFor the coordinate of i-th of magnetic field sensor in a first direction, riIn a first direction for i-th of magnetic field sensor
With the ratio of the magnetic field strength in second direction, i=1,2...n, n is the quantity of magnetic field sensor.
4. the solid conductor measurement method of parameters according to claim 3 based on current field, which is characterized in that described to lead
The electric current of line are as follows:
Wherein, HY, kAnd HZ, kThe magnetic field strength of respectively k-th of magnetic field sensor in the first direction and a second direction.
5. the solid conductor measurement method of parameters according to claim 4 based on current field, which is characterized in that sensing
The measurement accuracy of device is δ S, and the maximum distance of the magnetic field sensor in conducting wire and the multiple sensor is dmax, minimum range is
dmin, the maximum field strength and minimum value that magnetic field sensor senses are respectively Hd-minAnd Hd-max, then following formula quilt
Meet:
|Hd-max-Hd-min|≥δS。
6. the solid conductor measurement method of parameters according to claim 4 based on current field, which is characterized in that following table
It is satisfied up to formula:
|Hd-max-Hd-min|≥δS
Wherein, I is electric current, and d is distance of the conducting wire to the midpoint of the multiple magnetic field sensor, conducting wire and the multiple sensor
In magnetic field sensor maximum distance be dmax, minimum range dmin, maximum field strength that magnetic field sensor senses
It is respectively H with minimum valued-minAnd Hd-max, dsFor the overall length of the multiple magnetic field sensor, the measurement accuracy of sensor is δ S.
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| CN117471377A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Dynamic measurement method for power transmission line space magnetic field of two-dimensional electromagnetic sensing matrix |
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