CN110259493B - Full-length anchoring self-drilling type anchor rod and anchoring method - Google Patents

Full-length anchoring self-drilling type anchor rod and anchoring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110259493B
CN110259493B CN201910521961.XA CN201910521961A CN110259493B CN 110259493 B CN110259493 B CN 110259493B CN 201910521961 A CN201910521961 A CN 201910521961A CN 110259493 B CN110259493 B CN 110259493B
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anchor rod
hole
steel pipe
communicated
anchoring
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CN110259493A (en
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陶文斌
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/025Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-length anchoring self-drilling anchor rod and an anchoring method.A first through hole and a first annular hole which are not communicated with each other are axially arranged in a first connecting shaft, the first annular hole is coaxially and annularly arranged outside the first through hole, and a first quick joint penetrates through the first connecting shaft and then is communicated with the first annular hole; a second through hole is formed in the second connecting shaft along the axial direction and communicated with a second quick joint; the second quick connector, the first through hole and the second through hole are communicated to form a middle outlet passage for communicating high-pressure water, and the first quick connector and the first annular hole form a peripheral outlet passage for communicating low-pressure water; outer along the clearance between passageway intercommunication steel pipe and the body of rod, the end of center passageway intercommunication steel pipe, the drill bit is connected at the head end of steel pipe. The invention has simple integral installation process, can successfully install the anchor rod through the anchor rod machine, improves the operation safety of workers, reduces the labor risk and simultaneously realizes mechanical operation.

Description

Full-length anchoring self-drilling type anchor rod and anchoring method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anchor rod supporting technology, in particular to a full-length anchoring self-drilling anchor rod and an anchoring method.
Background
Coal is one of important energy sources in China, the coal mine production still lasts for a long time, the coal mine production must be safe and efficient, underground ground stress gradually increases along with the gradual deep mining of the coal mine, particularly, roadway overhaul is more and more serious along with the gradual deep mining of the coal mine, the cross section of the underground roadway is greatly affected, serious potential safety hazards are caused to ventilation, transportation, pedestrians and the like of a mine, and the overhaul of the underground roadway must be controlled.
The traditional underground roadway support adopts U-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, anchor rod end anchor support and the like, has high labor intensity and poor support effect, is not suitable for coal mine deep mining, gradually eliminates the U-shaped steel and I-shaped steel support, gradually exposes the defects of the anchor rod end anchor support, has high labor amount, insufficient support strength and complex process, and cannot realize mechanized operation and the like.
The prior anchoring bolt technology needs four steps for installing the anchor bolt: drilling, resin filling, anchor rod installation and anchor rod rotation stirring, the construction steps are multiple, the installation process is slow, and the operation of workers is inconvenient; the labor intensity of workers is high; debris generated by the rotary hole easily blocks the anchor rod hole; the anchoring agent is unevenly stirred, so that the full-length anchoring is difficult to realize; not suitable for mechanized operation, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to simply and quickly realize anchor rod support, and provides a full-length anchoring self-drilling anchor rod and an anchoring method.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme, and the anchor rod comprises a double-way adapter, a water distributor and an anchor rod main body;
the double-way adapter comprises a first adapter and a second adapter, the first adapter comprises a first quick connector and a first connecting shaft, a first through hole and a first annular hole which are not communicated with each other are axially arranged in the first connecting shaft, the first annular hole is coaxially and annularly arranged outside the first through hole, and the first quick connector penetrates through the first connecting shaft and then is communicated with the first annular hole; the second adapter comprises a second quick joint and a second connecting shaft, a second through hole is formed in the second connecting shaft along the axial direction, and the second through hole is communicated with the second quick joint; the second quick connector, the first through hole and the second through hole are communicated to form a middle outlet passage for communicating high-pressure water, and the first quick connector and the first annular hole form a peripheral outlet passage for communicating low-pressure water;
the water separator comprises a central channel and an outer edge channel which are coaxially arranged; the middle outlet passage is communicated with the central channel, and the peripheral outlet passage is communicated with the outer edge channel;
the anchor rod main body comprises a rod body, a steel pipe and a drill bit; the steel pipe is sleeved in the rod body, the outer edge channel is communicated with a gap between the steel pipe and the rod body, resin is filled in the steel pipe, the central channel is communicated with the tail end of the steel pipe, and the drill bit is connected to the head end of the steel pipe.
The first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are in threaded connection through a connecting sleeve. Under the action of the connecting sleeve, the communicating pipes in the two adapter bodies are communicated.
The first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are stepped shafts, outer ports of the first stepped shaft and the second stepped shaft are sealed through copper sealing rings, and the middle of the first stepped shaft and the second stepped shaft are sealed through rubber sealing rings. The copper sealing ring can effectively prevent corrosion, the service life is prolonged, the wear resistance of the rubber sealing ring is good, and the two sealing rings are matched for use, so that liquid can be effectively prevented from overflowing.
The outer end of the copper sealing ring is sequentially connected with a bearing and a shell which are used for fixing and connecting. The bearing is connected more quickly and conveniently, and the shell can play a role in fixing and protecting.
The water knockout drum is including dividing water tip and connector body, divide the water tip along radially setting up the tip at connector body, outer along passageway and center passage extend to connector body along dividing water tip respectively, outer outside and the inner wall that lies in connector body respectively along passageway and center passage, outer wall along the passageway has the external screw thread that is used for the connector body of rod, form the basin that is used for rivers to flow between the clearance of outer edge passageway and the body of rod and steel pipe. The tail end of the rod body is lapped on the water diversion end part, low-pressure water is introduced between the rod body and the steel pipe through the outer edge channel, and high-pressure water is introduced into the steel pipe through the central channel so as to push resin.
And a high-pressure sealing ring for preventing high-pressure water from overflowing is arranged between the central channel of the water separator and the steel pipe.
The tail end of the steel pipe is provided with a piston, the top end of the steel pipe is provided with a mixer, the resin is filled between the piston and the mixer, and the piston drives the resin to move to the mixer.
One end of the mixer is connected to the top end of the rod body through a screw thread, the other end of the mixer is inserted into the steel pipe, and a grid used for uniformly stirring resin is arranged in the mixer. The high-pressure water pushes the piston to extrude the bagged resin to the head end, and the resin is stirred and mixed by a grid in the mixer to be gushed out so as to anchor the surrounding rock.
The terminal outside of the body of rod is equipped with and is provided with the prestressing force nut, be provided with the pin on the prestressing force nut. After the rod body enters the coal body or the rock body, the positioning is realized due to the action of the pin and the prestress nut, then after the resin is completely anchored, the torque of the anchor rod machine is continuously increased, the pin is twisted off, and the prestress nut pre-tightens the anchor rod to form prestress.
The anchoring construction method by using the anchor rod comprises the following steps:
(1) the anchor rod main body rotates to enter a rock body or a coal body, low-pressure water is introduced, the temperature is reduced at the drill bit, and drill cuttings in a drill hole are washed;
(2) when the anchor rod main body is tightly attached to the rock surface or the coal surface, closing low-pressure water, opening the high-pressure water, and pushing the resin out of the anchor rod main body so that the anchor rod main body is bonded with the hole wall to form full-length anchoring;
(3) after the resin anchoring is finished, the torque on the anchor rod main body is increased, the pin on the prestress nut is twisted off, the anchor rod is pre-tightened by the prestress nut to form prestress, and the anchoring construction is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the anchor rod can be successfully installed through the anchor rod machine, the traditional anchor rod construction process is overturned, only the water distributor and the double-path adapter are needed to be added to the end portion of the anchor rod body, then the shaft of the anchor rod machine is loaded to the end portion of the double-path adapter, the anchor rod body is drilled into a rock body in the working process, the cooling construction of the anchor rod body can be effectively achieved through low-pressure water, scraps are removed, then the resin is pushed out of the anchor rod body through high-pressure water, full-length anchoring is achieved, the anchor rod machine only needs to be operated in the whole process, one-step operation is achieved, extra punching and filling anchoring are not needed, the operation safety of workers is improved, labor risks are reduced, meanwhile, mechanical operation is achieved, the traditional anchor rod supporting mode is changed, and.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-way adapter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the water knockout vessel;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the anchor body;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mixer and bit.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment includes a two-way adapter, a water separator 2 and an anchor rod main body 3; the double-way adapter comprises a second adapter 1 and a first adapter 4, the first adapter 4 of the embodiment comprises a first quick connector 41 and a first connecting shaft 42, a first through hole 43 and a first annular hole 44 which are not communicated with each other are axially arranged in the first connecting shaft 42, the first annular hole 44 is coaxially and annularly arranged outside the first through hole 43, and the first quick connector 41 is communicated with the first annular hole 44 after penetrating through the first connecting shaft 42; the second adapter 1 comprises a second quick coupling 11 and a second connecting shaft 12, a second through hole 13 is axially formed in the second connecting shaft 12, and the second through hole 13 is communicated with the second quick coupling 11; the second quick joint 11, the first through hole 43 and the second through hole 13 are communicated to form a middle outlet passage 5 for communicating high-pressure water, and the first quick joint 41 and the first annular hole 44 form a peripheral outlet passage 6 for communicating low-pressure water;
the first connecting shaft 42 and the second connecting shaft 12 are threadedly connected by a connecting sleeve 7. The connecting sleeve 7 is internally provided with internal threads, the corresponding end parts of the two connecting shafts are provided with external threads, the two connecting shafts are directly connected through the threads, and a sealing ring can be additionally arranged in the connecting sleeve 7 to prevent water leakage. Under the action of the connecting sleeve 7, the first through hole 43 and the second through hole 13 in the two adapter bodies are communicated, and high-pressure water accessed in the second quick connector 11 is smoothly accessed into the middle outlet passage 5.
The first connecting shaft 42 and the second connecting shaft 12 of the present embodiment are both made of stepped shafts, which can ensure rigidity and strength, and can be conveniently inserted into the shaft of the bolting machine at one end and inserted into the bolt sleeve at the other end. The bolt body 3 and water separator 2 are inserted into the bolt sleeve in alignment with the intermediate outlet passage 5.
The outer ports of the first connecting shaft 42 and the second connecting shaft 12 are sealed by copper seal rings 8, and the middle is sealed by rubber seal rings (not shown in the figure). Copper sealing washer 8 can effectual prevention of corrosion, improve the life-span, and rubber seal circle wear resistance is good, and two kinds of sealing washers cooperate and use, can effectually prevent that liquid is excessive.
The outer end of the copper sealing ring 8 is sequentially connected with a bearing 9 and a shell 10 which are used for fixing and connecting. The bearing 9 is connected more quickly and conveniently, and the shell 10 can play a role in fixing and protecting.
The water knockout drum 2 of this embodiment includes the tip 21 of dividing, connecting body 22, the central passageway 23 and the outer passageway 24 of following of coaxial setting, divide the tip 21 of dividing along radially setting up the tip at connecting body 22, outer follow passageway 24 and central passageway 23 extend to connecting body 22 along dividing tip 21 respectively, the outer wall of outer follow passageway 24 has the external screw thread that is used for connecting the body of rod 31 of stock main part 3, form the basin that is used for water to flow between the clearance of outer follow passageway 24 and body of rod 31 and steel pipe 32. The low-pressure water flows in the water tank, so that the temperature of the drill bit is reduced when the anchor rod drills rock, and overheating is prevented.
The anchor body 3 of the present embodiment includes a rod body 31, a steel pipe 32, and a drill 33; the utility model discloses a steel pipe 32, including body of rod 31, piston 34, blender 35, drill bit 33, steel pipe 32, piston 36 and drill bit 33, the body of rod 31 is hollow, the steel pipe 32 cover is established in body of rod 31, the end of steel pipe 32 is provided with piston 34, and the top is provided with the blender 35 that is used for 36 broken bags of resin, resin 36 loads between piston 34 and blender 35, piston 34 drives resin 36 and removes to blender 35 department, the head end at steel pipe 32 is connected to drill bit 33, fill. The steel pipe 32 of this embodiment is a stainless steel pipe.
The middle outlet passage 5 is communicated with a central passage 23, the peripheral outlet passage 6 is communicated with an outer edge passage 24, the outer edge passage 24 is communicated with a gap between the steel pipe 32 and the rod body 31, the central passage 23 is communicated with the tail end of the steel pipe 32, the tail end of the rod body 31 is overlapped on the water dividing end part 21, the outer edge passage 24 guides low-pressure water between the rod body 31 and the steel pipe 32, and the central passage 23 guides the high-pressure water into the steel pipe 32 so as to push the resin 36.
A high-pressure sealing ring 25 for preventing high-pressure water from overflowing is arranged between the central channel 23 of the water separator 2 and the steel pipe 32.
The mixer 35 is a hollow structure, a grating 351 for uniformly stirring the resin 36 is arranged in the mixer 35, an outer port at the head end of the mixer 35 is connected to the end of the rod body 31 through a screw thread, the drill bit 33 is inserted into the head end of the mixer 33, and the tail end of the mixer 35 is inserted into the steel pipe 32. The high pressure water pushes the piston 34 to press the packed resin 36 toward the head end, and the resin 36 is stirred from the grid 351 of the mixer 35, pressed to the central hole portion of the drill 33, and finally discharged from the central hole as shown by the arrow in fig. 5.
The outer side of the tail end of the rod body 31 is provided with a prestress nut 37, and a pin 38 is arranged on the prestress nut 37. After the rod body 31 enters the coal body or the rock body, positioning is realized due to the action of the pin 38 and the prestress nut 37, then after the resin 36 is completely anchored, the torque of the anchor rod machine is continuously increased, the pin 38 is twisted off, and the anchor rod is pre-tightened by the prestress nut 37 to form prestress.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) the second adapter 1 is inserted into the anchor rod machine, then the water separator 2 and the anchor rod main body 3 are assembled and installed on the first adapter 4, the first quick connector 41 is opened, low-pressure water is introduced, the second quick connector 11 is closed at the same time, the low-pressure water enters between the rod body 31 and the steel pipe 32 through the outside of the water separator 2, the anchor rod main body 3 rotates to enter a rock body or a coal body, the low-pressure water is introduced, the temperature is reduced on the outer side of the anchor rod main body 3, and drilling are washed;
(2) when the anchor rod main body 3 is tightly attached to the rock surface or the coal surface, stopping drilling by the anchor rod machine, closing the first quick coupling 41, opening the second quick coupling 11, introducing high-pressure water, driving the piston 34 by the high-pressure water to push the resin 36 out of the anchor rod main body 3, and bonding the anchor rod main body 3 with the hole wall to form full-length anchoring;
(3) after the resin 36 is anchored, the torque of the anchor rod machine is increased, the pin 38 on the prestress nut 37 is screwed off, the anchor rod is pre-tightened by the prestress nut 37 to form prestress, and anchoring construction is completed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A full-length anchoring self-drilling anchor rod is characterized by comprising a double-path adapter, a water distributor and an anchor rod main body;
the double-way adapter comprises a first adapter and a second adapter, the first adapter comprises a first quick connector and a first connecting shaft, a first through hole and a first annular hole which are not communicated with each other are axially arranged in the first connecting shaft, the first annular hole is coaxially and annularly arranged outside the first through hole, and the first quick connector penetrates through the first connecting shaft and then is communicated with the first annular hole; the second adapter comprises a second quick joint and a second connecting shaft, a second through hole is formed in the second connecting shaft along the axial direction, and the second through hole is communicated with the second quick joint; the second quick connector, the first through hole and the second through hole are communicated to form a middle outlet passage for communicating high-pressure water, and the first quick connector and the first annular hole form a peripheral outlet passage for communicating low-pressure water;
the water separator comprises a central channel and an outer edge channel which are coaxially arranged; the middle outlet passage is communicated with the central channel, and the peripheral outlet passage is communicated with the outer edge channel;
the anchor rod main body comprises a rod body, a steel pipe and a drill bit; the rod body is hollow, the steel pipe is sleeved in the rod body, the outer edge channel is communicated with a gap between the steel pipe and the rod body, resin is filled in the steel pipe, the central channel is communicated with the tail end of the steel pipe, and the drill bit is connected to the head end of the steel pipe;
the water knockout drum is including dividing water tip and connector body, divide the water tip along radially setting up the tip at connector body, outer along passageway and center passage extend to connector body along dividing water tip respectively, outer outside and the inner wall that lies in connector body respectively along passageway and center passage, outer wall along the passageway has the external screw thread that is used for the connector body of rod, form the basin that is used for low pressure rivers to flow between the clearance of outer edge passageway and the body of rod and steel pipe.
2. A full length anchored self drilling anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein said first and second connecting shafts are threadedly connected by a connecting sleeve.
3. The full-length anchoring self-drilling anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are stepped shafts, outer ports of the first stepped shaft and the second stepped shaft are sealed by copper sealing rings, and the middle of the first stepped shaft and the second stepped shaft are sealed by rubber sealing rings.
4. A full length anchored self drilling anchor rod as claimed in claim 3, wherein the outer end of said copper seal ring is connected in turn with bearing and housing for fixing and connection.
5. A full length anchored self drilling bolt according to claim 4 wherein the outer periphery of the central passage of the water knockout trap is provided with a high pressure sealing ring to prevent the escape of high pressure water.
6. A full length anchoring self-drilling type anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the steel pipe is provided at its distal end with a piston and at its top end with a mixer, the resin is filled between the piston and the mixer, and the piston moves the resin to the mixer.
7. A full length anchored self drilling anchor rod according to claim 6, wherein said mixer is screwed at one end to the top of the rod body and inserted into the steel pipe at the other end, and a grid for stirring the resin uniformly is provided in the mixer.
8. A full length anchored self drilling anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein said rod body is provided with a pre-stressed nut at the outer side of its distal end, said pre-stressed nut being provided with a pin.
9. An anchoring construction method using the anchor rod according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) the anchor rod main body rotates to enter a rock body or a coal body, low-pressure water is introduced, the temperature is reduced at the drill bit, and drill cuttings in a drill hole are washed;
(2) when the anchor rod main body is tightly attached to the rock surface or the coal surface, closing low-pressure water, opening the high-pressure water, and pushing the resin out of the anchor rod main body so that the anchor rod main body is bonded with the hole wall to form full-length anchoring;
(3) after the resin anchoring is finished, the torque on the anchor rod main body is increased, the pin on the prestress nut is twisted off, the anchor rod is pre-tightened by the prestress nut to form prestress, and the anchoring construction is finished.
CN201910521961.XA 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 Full-length anchoring self-drilling type anchor rod and anchoring method Active CN110259493B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110374651B (en) * 2019-07-18 2020-12-01 北京交通大学 Self-drilling type double-material full-length anchoring device and anchoring construction method

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3905128A1 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-11 Willich F Gmbh & Co Fully bonding rope anchor
WO2004055326A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Lms Geotechnical Pty Ltd An apparatus and method to anchor a rock bolt
CN101307694A (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-19 希尔蒂股份公司 Self-drilling rock anchor
CN107740410A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-27 山东建筑大学 The full-length prestress bolt-grouting support device and technique for expanding internal anchoring body can be combined
CN108049900A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-18 中国矿业大学 A kind of colliery bulky powder coal body armature boring construction method
CN109826656A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-31 攀枝花学院 The anchor of drilling anchor one

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3905128A1 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-11 Willich F Gmbh & Co Fully bonding rope anchor
WO2004055326A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Lms Geotechnical Pty Ltd An apparatus and method to anchor a rock bolt
CN101307694A (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-19 希尔蒂股份公司 Self-drilling rock anchor
CN107740410A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-27 山东建筑大学 The full-length prestress bolt-grouting support device and technique for expanding internal anchoring body can be combined
CN108049900A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-18 中国矿业大学 A kind of colliery bulky powder coal body armature boring construction method
CN109826656A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-31 攀枝花学院 The anchor of drilling anchor one

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