CN110257891A - Remove foul electrolyte and decontamination method - Google Patents
Remove foul electrolyte and decontamination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257891A CN110257891A CN201910598331.2A CN201910598331A CN110257891A CN 110257891 A CN110257891 A CN 110257891A CN 201910598331 A CN201910598331 A CN 201910598331A CN 110257891 A CN110257891 A CN 110257891A
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- decontamination
- electrolyte
- final concentration
- foul electrolyte
- nitrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
- C25F1/02—Pickling; Descaling
- C25F1/04—Pickling; Descaling in solution
- C25F1/06—Iron or steel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind to remove foul electrolyte and decontamination method.It includes nitric acid, the nitrate of final concentration of 15g/L~25g/L and the oxalates of final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L that final volume percentage is 5%~15% that this, which removes foul electrolyte,.Above-mentioned goes foul electrolyte that can efficiently remove the radioactive pollutant of surface of workpiece by the synergistic effect of reasonable proportion and each component between three kinds of nitric acid, nitrate and oxalates components.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radioactive pollutant process fields, remove foul electrolyte and decontamination method more particularly to one kind.
Background technique
In the cores systems such as nuclear power plant, nuclear power research institute, along with the operation of nuclear facilities equipment, the radioactive material of generation
Matter can cause surface contamination to metal parts.For the health and safety for ensuring operator, the periphery public and environment, need this
Kind contamination control carries out decontamination within safety standard, to the component by radioactive material contamination.
Currently, electrochemical decontamination method is the main decontamination method of core environment protection field.Electrochemical decontamination method, which refers to, to be passed through
The pollutant of electrodissolution metal surface keeps metal surface smooth, to reach a kind of method of decontamination purpose.Electrochemical process is gone
One of core of radioactive contamination eliminating object is electrolyte, and the superiority and inferiority of electrolyte prescription performance directly affects clean effect and decontamination
Efficiency.Existing electrochemical decontamination electrolyte detersive efficiency is poor.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of detersive efficiency and preferably remove foul electrolyte.
A kind of the above-mentioned decontamination method for removing foul electrolyte is utilized in addition, also providing.
One kind removing foul electrolyte, and the foul electrolyte that goes includes that nitric acid, end that final volume percentage is 9%~15% are dense
Degree is the nitrate of 15g/L~25g/L and the oxalates of final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L.
Above-mentioned goes foul electrolyte to pass through the reasonable proportion and each group between three kinds of nitric acid, nitrate and oxalates components
The synergistic effect divided, can efficiently remove the radioactive pollutant of surface of workpiece.
The nitrate is selected from least one of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate in one of the embodiments,
The oxalates is selected from least one of sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate in one of the embodiments,
It includes the nitric acid, end that final volume percentage is 9%~15% that foul electrolyte is removed described in one of the embodiments,
Concentration is the sodium nitrate of 15g/L~25g/L and the sodium oxalate of final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L.
It includes the nitric acid, end that final volume percentage is 9%~10% that foul electrolyte is removed described in one of the embodiments,
Concentration is the sodium nitrate of 18g/L~22g/L and the sodium oxalate of final concentration of 2g/L~4g/L.
It is described in one of the embodiments, that remove foul electrolyte include nitric acid that final volume percentage is 9%, final concentration of
The sodium oxalate of the sodium nitrate of 20g/L and final concentration of 3g/L.
A kind of decontamination method, include the following steps: with it is described in any of the above embodiments go foul electrolyte treat decontamination workpiece into
The processing of row electrochemical decontamination.
The current density of the electrochemical decontamination processing is 1200A/m in one of the embodiments,2~1500A/m2；
And/or the temperature of the electrochemical decontamination processing is room temperature.
The workpiece to be decontaminated is the anode of electrochemical decontamination processing in one of the embodiments,.
In one of the embodiments, after described the step of carrying out electrochemical decontamination processing to workpiece to be decontaminated, also
Include the steps that cleaning and drying the workpiece surface to be decontaminated.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, below to invention is more fully described.But the present invention can be with many
Different form is realized, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is makes pair
The understanding of the disclosure is more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.
It should be noted that room temperature, that is, room temperature herein, range is 25 DEG C~40 DEG C, it is therefore preferable to 25 DEG C~35 DEG C.
One embodiment removes foul electrolyte, this go foul electrolyte include final volume percentage be 9%~15% nitric acid,
The oxalates of the nitrate of final concentration of 15g/L~25g/L and final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L.
Above-mentioned goes foul electrolyte to form according to above-mentioned proportion with deionized water or pure water mixed configuration.
Nitrate is selected from least one of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate in one of the embodiments,.Further, nitric acid
Salt is sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate.Preferably, nitrate is sodium nitrate.Sodium nitrate is guaranteeing the good electric conductivity condition of decontamination liquid
Under, sodium nitrate price is compared with potassium nitrate economy.
Oxalates is selected from at least one of sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate in one of the embodiments,.Further, oxalates
For sodium oxalate or potassium oxalate.Oxalates is sodium oxalate or potassium oxalate, and oxalates can be good at chelated iron ion and chromium ion etc.
Metal ion facilitates metal ion in anodic solution, and it is inhibited to be precipitated in cathode.
In one of the embodiments, it is above-mentioned go foul electrolyte include final volume percentage be 9%~15% nitric acid, end
Concentration is the sodium nitrate of 15g/L~25g/L and the sodium oxalate of final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L.
Preferably, it is above-mentioned go foul electrolyte include final volume percentage be 9%~10% nitric acid, final concentration of 18g/L
The sodium oxalate of the sodium nitrate of~22g/L and final concentration of 2g/L~4g/L.
It is highly preferred that it is above-mentioned go foul electrolyte include final volume percentage be 9% nitric acid, final concentration of 20g/L nitre
The sodium oxalate of sour sodium and final concentration of 3g/L.
Above-mentioned goes foul electrolyte to pass through the reasonable proportion and each group between three kinds of nitric acid, nitrate and oxalates components
The synergistic effect divided, can efficiently remove the radioactive pollutant of surface of workpiece.
The decontamination method of one embodiment includes the following steps: to go foul electrolyte to treat decontamination work with any of the above-described
Part carries out electrochemical decontamination processing.
Specifically, by workpiece to be decontaminated be placed in it is above-mentioned go in foul electrolyte carry out electrochemical decontamination processing, after obtaining decontamination
Workpiece.Further, using workpiece to be decontaminated as anode be placed in it is above-mentioned go in foul electrolyte, power on and be electrolysed, obtained
Workpiece after to decontamination.
The current density of above-mentioned electrochemical decontamination processing is 1200A/m in one of the embodiments,2-1500A/m2；
The temperature of electrochemical decontamination processing is room temperature.
Titanium plate or stainless steel plate are cathode in one of the embodiments,.
Further, it is above-mentioned to workpiece to be decontaminated carry out electrochemical decontamination processing the step of after, further include cleaning and
The step of drying the workpiece surface to be decontaminated.
It should be noted that workpiece to be decontaminated is that metal can be conductive, by the pollutant of electrodissolution metal surface, make
It is detached from metal surface and is dissolved in electrolyte, so that metal surface polishes, to achieve the purpose that decontamination.Preferably,
Above-mentioned workpiece to be decontaminated is Z5CND13.04 martensitic stain less steel workpiece.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Following embodiment does not then include except can not unless otherwise specified
The other components outside impurity avoided.It in embodiment if not otherwise indicated using drug and instrument, is this field conventional selection.
Test method without specific conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions, such as condition described in the prior art or life
The method for producing manufacturer's recommended is realized.
Embodiment
(1) take water as a solvent each embodiment of preparation removes foul electrolyte, wherein the component for removing foul electrolyte of each embodiment
And each component is going the content in foul electrolyte as shown in table 1.
(2) by using cold isotope, in metal testing plate, (test piece is Z5CND13.04 geneva in laboratory
Body stainless steel) surface deposited, obtain the test piece of radioactive pollution.And it is surveyed with component and content of the power spectrum to deposit
Amount.
(3) test piece with simulating pollution object is placed in decontamination plant, stainless steel or titanium plate is used to carry out electricity for cathode
Chemical decontamination.Wherein, current density 1400A/m2, decontamination liquid temperature is room temperature, and the electrochemical decontamination time is 10min.
Spectral measurement will be carried out again by the processed test piece of above-mentioned technological parameter.It compares and is simulated on the metal testing plate of front and back
The content of pollutant, and calculate detersive efficiency (DE), wherein detersive efficiency (DE) calculation method is as follows:
DE=(A0-Ai)/A0× 100%
In formula, A0--- constituent content before decontamination,
Ai--- the content of element after i-th decontamination.
Test result: as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Comparative example 1
According to the proportion of following table, take water as a solvent preparation comparative example 1 removes foul electrolyte；Other decontaminations and test process with
The operating process of above-described embodiment is identical.
Table 2
By the test data of upper table 1 it is found that oxalic acid na concn is when concentration of nitric acid is 9%, sodium nitrate concentration 20g/L
When 3g/L, detersive efficiency reaches 98%, after the concentration of each component is more than the ratio, with the increase of each concentration of component, goes
Dirty efficiency change is little.Simultaneously because light contamination scraps the decontamination of metal, that is, reach decontamination purpose, it is not necessary to use
High concentration of electrolyte carries out decontamination.Therefore final choice concentration of nitric acid is 9%, sodium nitrate concentration 20g/L, and sodium oxalate is dense
Degree is composition of the 3g/L as optimal decontamination liquid.And with comparative example 1 it is existing remove foul electrolyte compared with, above-described embodiment
The detersive efficiency for removing foul electrolyte it is higher.I.e. above-mentioned goes foul electrolyte to pass through three kinds of nitric acid, nitrate and oxalates components
Between reasonable proportion and each component synergistic effect, the radioactive pollutant of surface of workpiece can be efficiently removed.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. one kind removes foul electrolyte, which is characterized in that described to remove foul electrolyte include final volume percentage is 9%~15%
The oxalates of nitric acid, the nitrate of final concentration of 15g/L~25g/L and final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L.
2. according to claim 1 remove foul electrolyte, which is characterized in that the nitrate is in sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate
At least one.
3. according to claim 1 remove foul electrolyte, which is characterized in that the oxalates is in sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate
At least one.
4. described in any item according to claim 1~3 remove foul electrolyte, which is characterized in that described to go foul electrolyte including eventually
The sodium nitrate and final concentration of 1g/L~5g/L of nitric acid, final concentration of 15g/L~25g/L that percentage by volume is 9%~15%
Sodium oxalate.
5. according to claim 1 remove foul electrolyte, which is characterized in that described to remove foul electrolyte include final volume percentage
For the sodium oxalate of 9%~10% nitric acid, the sodium nitrate of final concentration of 18g/L~22g/L and final concentration of 2g/L~4g/L.
6. according to claim 5 remove foul electrolyte, which is characterized in that described to remove foul electrolyte include final volume percentage
For the sodium oxalate of 9% nitric acid, the sodium nitrate of final concentration of 20g/L and final concentration of 3g/L.
7. a kind of decontamination method, which comprises the steps of:
It goes foul electrolyte to treat decontamination workpiece to carry out electrochemical decontamination processing with claim 1~6 is described in any item.
8. decontamination method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the current density of electrochemical decontamination processing is
1200A/m2~1500A/m2；And/or the temperature of the electrochemical decontamination processing is room temperature.
9. decontamination method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the workpiece to be decontaminated is at the electrochemical decontamination
The anode of reason.
10. decontamination method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that gone described to workpiece to be decontaminated progress electrochemistry
After the step of dirt processing, further include the steps that cleaning and drying the workpiece surface to be decontaminated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910598331.2A CN110257891A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Remove foul electrolyte and decontamination method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910598331.2A CN110257891A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Remove foul electrolyte and decontamination method |
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| CN110257891A true CN110257891A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11342092B2 (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2022-05-24 | China Nuclear Sichuan Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte for electrochemical decontamination and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1986904A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Electrolytic decontaminating method for removing radioactive contaminant from metal surface |
| CN104389011A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Electrochemical decontamination electrolyte |
-
2019
- 2019-07-03 CN CN201910598331.2A patent/CN110257891A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1986904A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Electrolytic decontaminating method for removing radioactive contaminant from metal surface |
| CN104389011A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Electrochemical decontamination electrolyte |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11342092B2 (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2022-05-24 | China Nuclear Sichuan Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte for electrochemical decontamination and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190920 |
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