CN110257869A - A kind of aluminium alloy silver-coating method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloy silver-coating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257869A CN110257869A CN201910622851.2A CN201910622851A CN110257869A CN 110257869 A CN110257869 A CN 110257869A CN 201910622851 A CN201910622851 A CN 201910622851A CN 110257869 A CN110257869 A CN 110257869A
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- aluminum alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
- C25D3/40—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper from cyanide baths, e.g. with Cu+
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/46—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/42—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of light metals
- C25D5/44—Aluminium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to process for treating surface, and in particular to a kind of aluminum alloy materials silver-coating method.The method of the present invention includes the following steps: step 1: preparing and clears up aerdentalloy piece surface to be plated；Step 2: caustic corrosion is carried out to aluminum alloy part；Step 3: the aluminum alloy part after caustic corrosion is once activated；Step 4: the aluminum alloy part after primary be activated is subjected to primary leaching zinc processing；Step 5: re-activation processing is carried out to aluminum alloy part；Step 6: secondary soaking zinc processing is carried out to re-activation treated aluminum alloy part；Step 7: copper plating treatment is carried out to secondary soaking zinc treated aluminum alloy part；Step 8: pre- silver-plated in aluminium alloy copper coatings；Step 9: being carried out in preplating silver base silver-plated.Aluminium alloy silver-coating method of the present invention enables aluminum alloy to surface active, to achieve the purpose that aluminum alloy surface No oxided film, be easy to Direct Metal Deposition, and the performances such as binding force of cladding material, thickness, resistance to lubricating oil meet requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to process for treating surface, and in particular to a kind of aluminum alloy materials silver-coating method.
Background technique
The density of aluminium alloy is low, and corrosion resistance and good, anti-fatigue performance is higher, and specific strength and specific stiffness are all bigger, with
Structural steel even unimach is suitable, so being used widely in aircraft industry, to mitigate aero-structure weight, mentions
High carrying capacity and speed.However on aluminium alloy plating than plating difficulty on the metal materials such as steel and copper and much more complex,
Since its property is active, surface easily reacts with oxygen generate layer oxide film in air, the presence harm of this layer of oxidation film
Aluminium alloy has been hindered further to be surface-treated；Simultaneously aluminium electrode potential it is very negative, immerse plating solution Shi Nengyu various metals ion into
Line replacement reaction generates contact coating on aluminium, makes the reduction of the bond strength of coating and aluminum substrate.
For aluminium alloy, all surface needs silver-plated the material used such as roller bearing retainer.Engine start initial stage,
In the state of not for lubricating oil, intermediate gear shaft and roller high speed rotation are sent out with the runway of retainer and window position respectively
Raw dry friction, silver-plated purpose are to reduce the friction of the state intermediate gear shaft and roller and retainer, prevent the mill of retainer
Damage.Roller bearing retainer can widen the application environment of aluminum alloy materials significantly after silver-plated.But due to prior art
It is larger in the silver-plated difficulty of aluminum alloy surface, it is difficult to meet the requirement of actual production technique.
Summary of the invention
It is good that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of binding force of cladding material, and thickness can satisfy the aluminum alloy material surface of requirement
Silver-coating method.
The technical scheme is that a kind of aluminium alloy silver-coating method comprising following steps:
Step 1: preparing and clear up aerdentalloy piece surface to be plated；
Step 2: caustic corrosion is carried out to aluminum alloy part；
Step 3: the aluminum alloy part after caustic corrosion being subjected to primary acidification and is activated；
Step 4: the aluminum alloy part after primary be activated is subjected to primary leaching zinc processing；
Step 5: after-souring activation processing is carried out to aluminum alloy part；
Step 6: secondary soaking zinc processing is carried out to re-activation treated aluminum alloy part；
Step 7: copper plating treatment is carried out to secondary soaking zinc treated aluminum alloy part；
Step 8: pre- silver-plated in aluminium alloy copper coatings；
Step 9: being carried out in preplating silver base silver-plated.
When caustic corrosion in step 2: part is placed on 30g/L containing sodium hydroxide~40g/L, sodium phosphate 20g/L~
In the aqueous solution of 25g/L, temperature is 45 DEG C~55 DEG C, time 0.5min~2min, by least 30S moisture film after caustic corrosion
It is not continuously broken into qualification, otherwise oil removing again.The step is matched by specific lye and process parameter control, Ke Yiyou
Effect removes aluminum alloy surface oxidation film layer, removes the greasy dirt etc. on aluminium surface surface in process.
When once activating in step 3 and the re-activation in step 5: part is placed on containing 40% nitre of mass concentration
Acid, in the mixed acid that 40% hydrofluoric acid of mass concentration is configured with the volume ratio of 2.5:1~3.5:1, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, when
Between be 40s~60s.The step, with when process parameter control, can be effectively played activation aluminium and closed by specific pickling solution
The effect of gold surface enables aluminum alloy to surface and is ready to deposit other metals.
Primary leaching zinc in step 4 and the secondary soaking zinc in step 6: part is placed on containing 100~140g/L of sodium hydroxide,
15~45g/L of zinc oxide, 30~50g/L of sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate, 10~15g/L of iron chloride, in the aqueous solution of 1~4g/L of sodium nitrate,
Temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, time 30s~40s.The step by specific zinc dipping solution with when process parameter control, can be with
One layer of zinc is deposited in aluminum alloy surface, is deposited by zinc in aluminum alloy surface, aluminium surface is avoided to aoxidize and influence binding force of cladding material.
Zinc dipping solution is identical twice, but the secondary soaking zinc time is not shorter than a galvanizing time, is closed so that zinc is effectively ensured in aluminium
The deposition quality of gold surface.
When step 7 copper facing: part is placed on 15g/L containing cuprous cyanide~20g/L, Cymag 20g/L~25g/L, hydrogen-oxygen
Change sodium 10g/L~15g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 30g/L~55g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium sulfite 2g/L~5g/L, temperature 20
DEG C~25 DEG C, the time is 60s~90s.The step, with when process parameter control, can effectively be existed by specific copper plating solution
One layer of copper of aluminium alloy surface electric plating increases aluminium surface binding force of cladding material.
When pre- silver-plated in step 8: part is placed on 30g/L containing silver cyanide~35g/L, the water of potassium cyanide 40g/L~55g/L
In solution, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, current density 0.5A/dm2~1.5A/dm2, time 30s~40s.The step passes through specific
Pre- silver-plated solution ratio and process parameter control, the plating of aluminium surface silver can be increased effectively in one layer of silver of aluminum alloy surface preplating
Layer binding force.
When step 9 is silver-plated: part is placed on 40g/L containing silver cyanide~45g/L, the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 60g/L~65g/L
In, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, current density 1.0A/dm2~1.5A/dm2.The step is by specific silver plating solution with when
Process parameter control, can be effectively in one layer of silver of aluminium alloy surface electric plating, and the binding force of silvering, oil resistivity, antifriction function are equal
It is able to satisfy requirement.
The solution have the advantages that: the present invention enables aluminum alloy to surface active by using the method for soaking zinc after caustic corrosion,
It is easy to the deposition of metal, increases the binding force with coating.It is deposited using method silver-plated after copper pre-plating bottoming in aluminum alloy surface
Coating guarantees that binding force of cladding material is good, and the thickness of coating meets use condition requirement, and oil resistivity is preferable.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, invention is further explained:
Embodiment 1:
1. preparing: preparing the part of the LD7 material of surface cleaning；
2. caustic corrosion: part is placed on 35g/L containing sodium hydroxide, in the aqueous solution of sodium phosphate 22g/L, temperature 47
DEG C, time 1min does not rupture continuously after caustic corrosion by 30S moisture film.
3. primary activation: part is placed on 900ml containing nitric acid, in the mixed acid of hydrofluoric acid 300ml, temperature is 22 DEG C,
Time is 45s.
4. once soaking zinc: part is placed on 120g/L containing sodium hydroxide, zinc oxide 30g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 40g/L, chlorine
Change iron 12g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium nitrate 2g/L, temperature is 22 DEG C, time 35s.
5. re-activation: part is placed on 900ml containing nitric acid, in the mixed acid of hydrofluoric acid 300ml, temperature is 22 DEG C,
Time is 45s.
6. secondary soaking zinc: part is placed on 120g/L containing sodium hydroxide, zinc oxide 30g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 40g/L, chlorine
Change iron 12g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium nitrate 2g/L, temperature is 22 DEG C, time 48s.
7. copper facing: part is placed on 17g/L containing cuprous cyanide, Cymag 22g/L, sodium hydroxide 125g/L, potassium tartrate
Sodium 38g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium sulfite 3g/L, temperature is 22 DEG C, time 80s.
8. pre- silver-plated: part being placed on 33g/L containing silver cyanide, in the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 45g/L, temperature is 22 DEG C, electricity
Current density 1A/dm2, time 35s.
9. silver-plated: part being placed on 445g/L containing silver cyanide, in the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 63g/L, temperature is 22 DEG C, electric current
Density 1.1A/dm2。
10. check: by visual observation check aluminium alloy silver coating be silvery white, coating it is careful it is smooth, be firmly combined.By logical
Thickness of coating is measured with measurer, microscopy measurements, selects scribing line and cross-hatching according to HB5051 " silvering quality inspection "
Binding force is measured, oil resistivity is checked using the method that 8B lubricating oil under the conditions of 80 DEG C of room temperature and heating impregnates.
Embodiment 2:
LD7 aluminium alloy roller bearing retainer being carried out silver-plated, it is desirable that thickness of coating is not less than 0.005mm~0.008mm,
Uniformly, continuously, binding force is good, and oil resistance is good for thickness of coating.
Implementation steps:
1. preparing: preparing the LD7 material roller bearing retainer part of surface cleaning；
2. caustic corrosion: part is placed on 34g/L containing sodium hydroxide, in the aqueous solution of sodium phosphate 22g/L, temperature 48
DEG C, time 1.5min is not broken into qualification continuously by 30S moisture film after caustic corrosion.
3. primary activation: part is placed on 900ml containing nitric acid, in the mixed acid of hydrofluoric acid 300ml, temperature is 21 DEG C,
Time is 45s.
4. once soaking zinc: part is placed on 120g/L containing sodium hydroxide, zinc oxide 30g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 40g/L, chlorine
Change iron 12g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium nitrate 2g/L, temperature is 21 DEG C, time 33s.
5. re-activation: part is placed on 900ml containing nitric acid, in the mixed acid of hydrofluoric acid 300ml, temperature is 21 DEG C,
Time is 45s.
6. secondary soaking zinc: part is placed on 120g/L containing sodium hydroxide, zinc oxide 30g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 40g/L, chlorine
Change iron 12g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium nitrate 2g/L, temperature is 21 DEG C, time 45s.
7. copper facing: part is placed on 17g/L containing cuprous cyanide, Cymag 22g/L, sodium hydroxide 12g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate
40g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium sulfite 3g/L, temperature is 21 DEG C, time 80s.
8. pre- silver-plated: part being placed on 33g/L containing silver cyanide, in the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 45g/L, temperature is 21 DEG C, electricity
Current density 1A/dm2, time 35s.
9. silver-plated: part being placed on 45g/L containing silver cyanide, in the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 65g/L, temperature is 22 DEG C, electric current
Density 1.2A/dm2, the time 11 minutes.
10. check: by visual observation check aluminium alloy silver coating be silvery white, coating it is careful it is smooth, be firmly combined, coating table
Face binding force is strong.It is 0.010mm by general miking thickness of coating, is selected according to HB5051 " silvering quality inspection "
Scribing line and cross-hatching measurement binding force are qualified, impregnate respectively in 8B lubricating oil 24 hours using room temperature and under the conditions of heating 80 DEG C
With 48 hours, for 24 hours and 48 hours parts of soaking at room temperature without discoloration, heating impregnates 24 hours parts without discoloration, heating leaching
48 hours parts of bubble slightly change colour, therefore oil resistivity meets technique requirement.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of aluminium alloy silver-coating method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: preparing and clear up aerdentalloy piece surface to be plated；
Step 2: caustic corrosion is carried out to aluminum alloy part；
Step 3: the aluminum alloy part after caustic corrosion being subjected to primary acidification and is activated；
Step 4: the aluminum alloy part after primary be activated is subjected to primary leaching zinc processing；
Step 5: after-souring activation processing is carried out to aluminum alloy part；
Step 6: secondary soaking zinc processing is carried out to re-activation treated aluminum alloy part；
Step 7: copper plating treatment is carried out to secondary soaking zinc treated aluminum alloy part；
Step 8: pre- silver-plated in aluminium alloy copper coatings；
Step 9: being carried out in preplating silver base silver-plated.
2. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when caustic corrosion in step 2: part is put
It sets in 30g/L containing sodium hydroxide~40g/L, the aqueous solution of sodium phosphate 20g/L~25g/L, temperature is 45 DEG C~55 DEG C, the time
0.5min~2min is not broken into qualification continuously by least 30S moisture film after caustic corrosion, otherwise oil removing again.
3. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the primary activation and step 5 in step 3
Re-activation when: part is placed on containing 40% nitric acid of mass concentration, 40% hydrofluoric acid of mass concentration is with 2.5:1~3.5:1
Volume ratio configuration mixed acid in, temperature be 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, the time be 40s~60s.
4. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the primary leaching zinc and step 6 in step 4
Secondary soaking zinc: part is placed on containing 100~140g/L of sodium hydroxide, 15~45g/L of zinc oxide, 30~50g/ of sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate
L, 10~15g/L of iron chloride, in the aqueous solution of 1~4g/L of sodium nitrate, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, time 30s~40s.
5. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that zinc dipping solution is identical twice, but secondary leaching
The zinc time is not shorter than a galvanizing time.
6. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when step 7 copper facing: part is placed on containing cyanogen
Change cuprous 15g/L~20g/L, Cymag 20g/L~25g/L, sodium hydroxide 10g/L~15g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 30g/L~
55g/L, in the aqueous solution of sodium sulfite 2g/L~5g/L, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, and the time is 60s~90s.
7. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when pre- silver-plated in step 8: part is placed on
30g/L containing silver cyanide~35g/L, in the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 40g/L~55g/L, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, current density
0.5A/dm2~1.5A/dm2, time 30s~40s.
8. aluminium alloy silver-coating method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that when step 9 is silver-plated: part is placed on containing cyanogen
Change silver 40g/L~45g/L, in the aqueous solution of potassium cyanide 60g/L~65g/L, temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, current density 1.0A/
dm2~1.5A/dm2。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112553663A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 苏州市康普来表面处理科技有限公司 | Silver plating process applied to specialization pre-silver plating of aluminum alloy parts of new energy automobile |
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Application publication date: 20190920 |
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