CN110257840A - A kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment - Google Patents
A kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257840A CN110257840A CN201910664390.5A CN201910664390A CN110257840A CN 110257840 A CN110257840 A CN 110257840A CN 201910664390 A CN201910664390 A CN 201910664390A CN 110257840 A CN110257840 A CN 110257840A
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- acid
- aluminium alloy
- frosted
- processing
- amine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/06—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/04—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/06—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors
- C23G1/061—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, mainly comprise the steps that Al alloy parts dress extension → frosted processing → acid-etched degreasing processing → washing → drying → washing → pure water washes → draining → surface filming processing → drying → spraying → solidification；Wherein, the acid-etched degreasing processing is to carry out in the dipping tank placed acid-etched degreasing liquid and ultrasonic activation is arranged.The present invention is changed the mechanical performance of workpiece surface by forming friction to aluminum alloy surface in liquid frosted material and the device by being equipped with vibration function, impacting, workpiece surface is set to realize sandblasting, decontamination, it is acted in conjunction with vibration of ultrasonic wave, it can accelerate the removal of aluminum alloy surface grease, cleaner aluminum alloy surface is obtained, the quality of subsequent processing process can be promoted；Can aluminum alloy surface formed continuous-stable, be firmly combined, adhesive force is strong and stratified film with protective value, there is fabulous corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal surface treatment more particularly to a kind of methods of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy is using aluminium as the alloy general name of base, and main alloy element has copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc, manganese, and secondary alloying element has
Nickel, iron, titanium, chromium, lithium etc..Aluminium alloy is the current maximum of yield in the world, most widely used non-ferrous metal.Because of its excellent physics
Chemical property is widely applied in fields such as building, communications and transportation, machine-building, electronics, packaging material, electric power, daily necessities.So
And aluminium alloy it is moist, containing easily corroding when being used in the environment such as industrial gasses, fuel gas, salinity and dust atmosphere
It destroys, shortens its service life.To improve aluminum alloy surface corrosion resisting property, improve that its is decorative and functional, aluminium alloy is going out
It must be surface-treated before factory.In the surface treatment and process of aluminium alloy, many petroleum analog derivative (mines can be used
Object oil), the greases analog assistant such as animal fat and vegetable fat, such as antirust oil, cutting oil, punching oil, coolant liquid, lubricating oil.
These grease analog assistants prevent it from getting rusty or corroding etc. and play an important role to protection workpiece and equipment.But at the same time,
When final products need to be made in these workpiece and material, clean carry out from skin covering of the surface is removed from workpiece surface using grease analog assistant
Science and engineering skill.Wherein, aluminium alloy Passivation Treatment be its surface treatment critical process, by formed have certain corrosion resistance and
The chemical composition coating of good physical absorption ability can greatly improve the binding force of aluminium matrix and coating, enhance aluminum products
Resistance to corrosion.Hexavalent chromate passivating technique is due to the excellent corrosion resistance of its chemical composition coating and good selfreparing
Ability is industrial commonly used chemical conversion process for treating surface.But due to the high toxicity of Cr VI, not only in aluminium
Serious waste water, residue contamination are generated in profile production process, also generate serious secondary pollution in its use, removal process.
Currently, being developed a variety of preceding metal surface pretreating reagents, these metal surface pretreating reagents are to metal surface
It carries out pre-treatment to take a long time, after developing dynamical table and adjusting, phosphorization treatment time is greatly decreased, bag-shaped structure
It is greatly improved in terms of the phosphatization for making position.But in widely used metal surface pretreating reagent generally containing element phosphor and
Nitrogen, and this element flows into environment with discarded pretreating reagent and causes serious water eutrophication, causes the rings such as red tide, brown tide
Border problem.
If China Patent No. is that CN102181853 A discloses a kind of novel treatment fluid for chromium-free passivation of aluminum alloy, by following
The material composition of mass percent: the mixture 20-30% of potassium titanate, sodium titanate and metatitanic acid magnesium salts, potassium zirconium, sodium zirconate and zirconium
The mixture 5-15% of sour magnesium salts, modified organic silicone resin 5-15% and polyurethane resin 40-50%.Described in the invention
Novel treatment fluid for chromium-free passivation of aluminum alloy, dedicated for the surface treatment of aluminium and its alloy, magnesium and its alloy.When this method is difficult to
Judge that the quality of film, production process are difficult to control online.
For another example Chinese patent CN102787310A discloses a kind of metal conditioner, the inorganic agent using silicate or
Silane coupling agent makes it that saponification occur with the fatty glyceride in greasy dirt and forms nascent soap, to make as cleaning agent
Greasy dirt is converted into water-soluble substances and is dissolved removal, and the silicates such as sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate used in it or silane coupled
Agent, these reagents have environmental pollution, and expensive, and production and use cost are high.
For another example Patent No. AU2005204598B2 discloses a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, the chromium-free deactivation
Liquid contains following component: a effective amount of oxysalt containing transition elements of passivation, inorganic acid and water；It is described containing transition elements
Oxysalt is selected from the oxysalt containing titanium, the oxysalt containing zirconium, the oxysalt containing hafnium, the oxysalt containing vanadium, contains
The oxysalt of niobium, the oxysalt containing molybdenum, the oxysalt containing tungsten, the oxysalt containing manganese, contains technetium at the oxysalt containing tantalum
Oxysalt and oxysalt containing rhenium；The weight ratio of the salt containing transition metal and inorganic acid is 200~400: 1.Institute
One or more complexing agents can also be contained by stating chromium-free passivation liquid.The chromium-free passivation liquid that the invention provides can be solved fundamentally
The problem of containing poisonous and hazardous Cr VI and trivalent chromium in existing product zinc coat and passivating solution, and can really replace
For the existing chromating liquid containing Cr VI and trivalent chromium, the passivation to electro-galvanized layer and hot galvanized layer is realized.But it should
There is the disadvantages of processing time length, complex treatment process, high production cost in passivating solution, have a certain distance apart from industrial production.
In synthesis, in field of metal surface treatment, under the premise of not sacrificing passivation effect, the passivation of traditional chromium hydrochlorate is found
The hot spot always studied for many years of substitute, also there are also do not mention much the practical problem urgently handled in practical application
Specific solution out.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, the spraying pre-treating method mainly comprise the steps that aluminium alloy
Workpiece dress extension → frosted processing → acid-etched degreasing processing → washing → drying → washing → pure water wash → draining → surface filming at
Reason → drying → spraying → solidification；Wherein, the solution of acid-etched degreasing processing includes following ingredient: ammonium acid fluoride be 3g/L~
8g/L；Organic acid is 2mL/L~14mL/L；Inorganic acid is 2mL/L~18mL/L；Corrosion inhibiter 6g/L~30g/L；Sodium nitrate is
1g/L~3g/L；Ferric sulfate is 0.5g/L~1.5g/L；Dipropylene glycol is 1g/L~2g/L；Complexed surfactant is 0.1g/L
~0.5g/L；The acid-etched degreasing processing is that Al alloy parts will be placed in the leaching of the solution containing acid-etched degreasing processing
In stain slot, the temperature in the dipping tank is maintained at 5 DEG C~65 DEG C, and ultrasonic activation and ultrasonic wave vibration are arranged in dipping tank
Dynamic frequency range is 15Hz~250Hz.
Optionally, the organic acid is any one in acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, tartaric acid or malic acid
Or at least two mixture.
Optionally, the inorganic acid is any one in nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid or phosphoric acid or at least two
Mixture.
Optionally, the corrosion inhibiter is fluosilicic acid, ammonium fluosilicate, thiocarbamide ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, diamylamine, β-naphthalene
Amine, nonox, ethanol amine, diethanol amine, triethanolamine, benzotriazole, Alpha-hydroxy benzotriazole, methenamine, ox
Rouge amine, 8-hydroxyquinoline, hexyl amine, octyl amine, decyl amine, lauryl amine, cetylamine, octadecylamine, double ten
Any one in dialkylamine, dioctadecylamine or tridodecylamine or three (octadecyl) amine or at least two
Mixture.
Optionally, complexed surfactant is the mixed of neopelex and cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide
It closes.
Optionally, the range of the solution control free acidity of the acid-etched degreasing processing is 12~26 points.
Optionally, the frosted processing are as follows: weigh frosted grain, frosted grain is added to preparation liquid frosted in distilled water
Material, and the average particle diameter of the frosted grain is 50~200 μm；Al alloy parts are placed in the liquid frosted material, and
Guarantee that Al alloy parts are completely infused in the liquid frosted material, the liquid frosted material is placed in the accommodating with shock effect
In slot；And the frosted grain is one of aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and chromium oxide or a variety of.
Optionally, surface filming processing is in the lamellar protective film of Al alloy parts surface shape, specially the
One layer of chromium thickness between 0.02 μm~0.04 μm, second layer nickel thickness between 0.05 μm~0.06 μm, third layer nickel layer it is thick
Degree is between 0.080 μm~0.12 μm.
Optionally, the washing is to be washed under normal temperature condition.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect obtained by the present invention is: 1) present invention passes through liquid frosted material and passes through
It is changed the mechanical performance of workpiece surface aluminum alloy surface formation friction, impact in device equipped with vibration function, makes
Workpiece surface realizes sandblasting, decontamination, derusting and obtains certain surface roughness, improves the treatment effect of workpiece surface；2) originally
The method of the aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment of invention is not only easy to operate, and can form continuous-stable, in conjunction with jail in aluminum alloy surface
Gu, adhesive force is strong and the stratified film with protective value, there is fabulous corrosion resistance；3) acid etching of method of the invention is de-
Vibration of ultrasonic wave is used in rouge processing, the removal of aluminum alloy surface grease can be accelerated, obtains cleaner aluminum alloy surface, energy
Promote the quality of subsequent processing process；And the method noresidue or few residual of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, and then labor can be improved
Dynamic condition, prevents the pollution of the environment, and cleaning material surface can be effectively protected while cleaning and is not weathered and guarantee work
Make the health of environment.
Detailed description of the invention
From following description with reference to the accompanying drawings it will be further appreciated that the present invention.The original for showing embodiment is focused in figure
In reason.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram for the method that a kind of aluminium alloy of the invention sprays pre-treatment；
Fig. 2 is aluminium alloy SEM scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph after spraying pre-treatment.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with embodiment, to this
Invention is further elaborated；It should be appreciated that described herein, the specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and does not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.To those skilled in the art, after access is described in detail below, other systems of the present embodiment
System, method and/or feature will become obvious.All such additional systems, method, feature and advantage are intended to be included in
It in this specification, is included within the scope of the invention, and by the protection of the appended claims.In description described in detail below
The other feature of the disclosed embodiments, and these characteristic roots will be apparent according to described in detail below.
The same or similar label correspond to the same or similar components in the attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention；It is retouched in of the invention
In stating, it is to be understood that attached drawing of the present invention is used for exemplary illustration, should not be understood as the limitation to this patent, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill in domain, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.
The present invention is a kind of method that aluminium alloy sprays pre-treatment, and following embodiment is illustrated according to Fig. 1-2.
Embodiment 1
1) a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, the spraying pre-treating method are mainly comprised the steps that aluminium
Alloy workpiece carries out dress extension；
2) frosted is handled, the frosted processing specifically: weigh frosted grain, frosted grain is added to preparation solution in distilled water
State frosted material, and the average particle diameter of the frosted grain is 50 μm；Al alloy parts are placed in the liquid frosted material, and
Guarantee that Al alloy parts are completely infused in the liquid frosted material, the liquid frosted material is placed in the accommodating with shock effect
In slot；And the frosted grain is one of aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and chromium oxide or a variety of.
3) acid-etched degreasing is handled, and the solution of the acid-etched degreasing processing includes following ingredient: ammonium acid fluoride 3g/L；It is organic
Acid is 2mL/L；Inorganic acid is 2mL/L；Corrosion inhibiter 6g/L；Sodium nitrate is 1g/L；Ferric sulfate is 0.5g/L；Dipropylene glycol is 1g/
L；Complexed surfactant is 0.1g/；The acid-etched degreasing processing takes off for that will be placed in Al alloy parts containing the acid etching
Rouge processing solution dipping tank in, the temperature in the dipping tank is maintained at 5, and in dipping tank be arranged ultrasonic activation and
The frequency range of ultrasonic activation is 15H；And the range of the solution control free acidity of the acid-etched degreasing processing is 12 points.
In the acid-etched degreasing processing step, organic acid is used in conjunction with inorganic acid, can reduce the waste of aluminium alloy,
Aluminum ions content in dipping tank is reduced, shelters impurity interference in dipping tank, promotion is solution-stabilized, in conjunction with ammonium acid fluoride, nitric acid
Sodium is and ferric sulfate can accelerate the natural oxide film of aluminum alloy surface to dissolve, so that the surface of aluminium alloy is brighter and cleaner, and suitable
When the ammonium acid fluoride of content, the excessive corrosion of aluminium alloy not will lead to；By the use of corrosion inhibiter and complexed surfactant,
It can have the function that mutually compensate and synergy, so that the surface tension of solution and the decline of critical concentration of micelle, cloud point increase, table
Face is living to be increased, and wetability and washing effect are all significantly improved, the significant effect of deoiling, finally in dipropylene glycol
Under collaboration, the surface tension of solution can be reduced, improves the stability of acid-etched degreasing solution, so that the grease with longer hydroxyl point
Son is dissolved in solution, further improves degreasing effect.
4) treated that aluminium alloy carries out washes → dry by acid-etched degreasing → washing → pure water washes → draining the step of,
Washing described in the present embodiment is to be washed under normal temperature condition；In addition, the number of washing and the temperature of washing can be according to specific
Depending on the case where Al alloy parts, therefore repeat no more；
5) surface filming is handled, and specifically the surface filming processing is in the lamellar protection of Al alloy parts surface shape
Film, specially in first layer chromium thickness between 0.02 μm, second layer nickel thickness between 0.05 μm, third layer nickel layer thickness exists
Between 0.080 μm；Before spraying, the relatively thin protective film of multilayer is formed in aluminum alloy surface, the corruption of aluminium alloy Antagonistic Environment can be enhanced
Erosion effect, keeps the shinny degree of any surface finish.
6) it will be dried by the Al alloy parts of surface filming processing in the way of high pressure air blowing or heating, so
Afterwards to outer layer spray coating powder paint or spraying paint；Final curing is the surface treatment for completing aluminium alloy.
Wherein, the organic acid is the mixture of acetic acid and citric acid；The inorganic acid is the mixing of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid
Object；The corrosion inhibiter is the mixture of fluosilicic acid and ammonium fluosilicate；The complexed surfactant is neopelex
And the mixture in cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
Embodiment 2
1) a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, the spraying pre-treating method are mainly comprised the steps that aluminium
Alloy workpiece carries out dress extension；
2) frosted is handled, the frosted processing specifically: weigh frosted grain, frosted grain is added to preparation solution in distilled water
State frosted material, and the average particle diameter of the frosted grain is 200 μm；Al alloy parts are placed in the liquid frosted material,
And guaranteeing that Al alloy parts are completely infused in the liquid frosted material, the liquid frosted material is placed in the appearance with shock effect
It sets in slot；And the frosted grain is one of aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and chromium oxide or a variety of.
3) acid-etched degreasing is handled, and the solution of the acid-etched degreasing processing includes following ingredient: ammonium acid fluoride 8g/L；It is organic
Acid is 14mL/L；Inorganic acid is 18mL/L；Corrosion inhibiter 30g/L；Sodium nitrate is 3g/L；Ferric sulfate is 1.5g/L；Dipropylene glycol is
2g/L；Complexed surfactant 0.5g/L；The acid-etched degreasing processing is that will be placed in Al alloy parts containing the acid etching
In the dipping tank of the solution of ungrease treatment, the temperature in the dipping tank is maintained at 65 DEG C, and ultrasonic wave is arranged in dipping tank
The frequency range of vibration and ultrasonic activation is 250Hz；And the range of the solution control free acidity of the acid-etched degreasing processing
It is 26 points.
In the acid-etched degreasing processing step, organic acid is used in conjunction with inorganic acid, can reduce the waste of aluminium alloy,
Aluminum ions content in dipping tank is reduced, shelters impurity interference in dipping tank, promotion is solution-stabilized, in conjunction with ammonium acid fluoride, nitric acid
Sodium is and ferric sulfate can accelerate the natural oxide film of aluminum alloy surface to dissolve, so that the surface of aluminium alloy is brighter and cleaner, and suitable
When the ammonium acid fluoride of content, the excessive corrosion of aluminium alloy not will lead to；By the use of corrosion inhibiter and complexed surfactant,
It can have the function that mutually compensate and synergy, so that the surface tension of solution and the decline of critical concentration of micelle, cloud point increase, table
Face is living to be increased, and wetability and washing effect are all significantly improved, the significant effect of deoiling, finally in dipropylene glycol
Under collaboration, the surface tension of solution can be reduced, improves the stability of acid-etched degreasing solution, so that the grease with longer hydroxyl point
Son is dissolved in solution, further improves degreasing effect.
4) treated that aluminium alloy carries out washes → dry by acid-etched degreasing → washing → pure water washes → draining the step of,
Washing described in the present embodiment is to be washed under normal temperature condition；In addition, the number of washing and the temperature of washing can be according to specific
Depending on the case where Al alloy parts, therefore repeat no more；
5) surface filming is handled, and specifically the surface filming processing is in the lamellar protection of Al alloy parts surface shape
Film, specially in first layer chromium thickness between 0.04 μm, second layer nickel thickness between 0.06 μm, third layer nickel layer thickness exists
Between 0.12 μm；Before spraying, the relatively thin protective film of multilayer is formed in aluminum alloy surface, the corrosion of aluminium alloy Antagonistic Environment can be enhanced
Effect keeps the shinny degree of any surface finish.
6) it will be dried by the Al alloy parts of surface filming processing in the way of high pressure air blowing or heating, so
Afterwards to outer layer spray coating powder paint or spraying paint；Final curing is the surface treatment for completing aluminium alloy.
Wherein, the organic acid is acetic acid；The inorganic acid is the mixture of boric acid and phosphoric acid；The corrosion inhibiter is three second
Hydramine；The complexed surfactant is the mixing of neopelex and cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
Embodiment 3
1) a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, the spraying pre-treating method are mainly comprised the steps that aluminium
Alloy workpiece carries out dress extension；
2) frosted is handled, the frosted processing specifically: weigh frosted grain, frosted grain is added to preparation solution in distilled water
State frosted material, and the average particle diameter of the frosted grain is 100 μm；Al alloy parts are placed in the liquid frosted material,
And guaranteeing that Al alloy parts are completely infused in the liquid frosted material, the liquid frosted material is placed in the appearance with shock effect
It sets in slot；And the frosted grain is one of aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and chromium oxide or a variety of.
3) acid-etched degreasing is handled, and the solution of the acid-etched degreasing processing includes following ingredient: ammonium acid fluoride 5g/L；It is organic
Acid is 8mL/L；Inorganic acid is 9mL/L；Corrosion inhibiter 15g/L；Sodium nitrate is 2g/L；Ferric sulfate is 1.0g/L；Dipropylene glycol is 2g/
L；Complexed surfactant is 0.3g/L；The acid-etched degreasing processing takes off for that will be placed in Al alloy parts containing the acid etching
In the dipping tank of the solution of rouge processing, the temperature in the dipping tank is maintained at 50 DEG C, and ultrasonic wave is arranged in dipping tank and shakes
Dynamic and ultrasonic activation frequency range is 100Hz；And the range of the solution control free acidity of the acid-etched degreasing processing is
20 points.
In the acid-etched degreasing processing step, organic acid is used in conjunction with inorganic acid, can reduce the waste of aluminium alloy,
Aluminum ions content in dipping tank is reduced, shelters impurity interference in dipping tank, promotion is solution-stabilized, in conjunction with ammonium acid fluoride, nitric acid
Sodium is and ferric sulfate can accelerate the natural oxide film of aluminum alloy surface to dissolve, so that the surface of aluminium alloy is brighter and cleaner, and suitable
When the ammonium acid fluoride of content, the excessive corrosion of aluminium alloy not will lead to；By the use of corrosion inhibiter and complexed surfactant,
It can have the function that mutually compensate and synergy, so that the surface tension of solution and the decline of critical concentration of micelle, cloud point increase, table
Face is living to be increased, and wetability and washing effect are all significantly improved, the significant effect of deoiling, finally in dipropylene glycol
Under collaboration, the surface tension of solution can be reduced, improves the stability of acid-etched degreasing solution, so that the grease with longer hydroxyl point
Son is dissolved in solution, further improves degreasing effect.
4) treated that aluminium alloy carries out washes → dry by acid-etched degreasing → washing → pure water washes → draining the step of,
Washing described in the present embodiment is to be washed under normal temperature condition；In addition, the number of washing and the temperature of washing can be according to specific
Depending on the case where Al alloy parts, therefore repeat no more；
5) surface filming is handled, and specifically the surface filming processing is in the lamellar protection of Al alloy parts surface shape
Film, specially in first layer chromium thickness between 0.03 μm, second layer nickel thickness between 0.05 μm, third layer nickel layer thickness exists
Between 0.010 μm；Before spraying, the relatively thin protective film of multilayer is formed in aluminum alloy surface, the corruption of aluminium alloy Antagonistic Environment can be enhanced
Erosion effect, keeps the shinny degree of any surface finish.
6) it will be dried by the Al alloy parts of surface filming processing in the way of high pressure air blowing or heating, so
Afterwards to outer layer spray coating powder paint or spraying paint；Final curing is the surface treatment for completing aluminium alloy.
Wherein, the organic acid is the mixture of lactic acid and malonic acid；The inorganic acid is the mixing of boric acid and phosphoric acid
Object；The corrosion inhibiter is the mixture of beta-naphthylamine and nonox；The complexed surfactant is neopelex
And the mixing in cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
Comparative example 1
1) a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, the spraying pre-treating method are mainly comprised the steps that aluminium
Alloy workpiece carries out dress extension；
2) frosted is handled, the frosted processing specifically: weigh frosted grain, frosted grain is added to preparation solution in distilled water
State frosted material, and the average particle diameter of the frosted grain is 100 μm；Al alloy parts are placed in the liquid frosted material,
And guaranteeing that Al alloy parts are completely infused in the liquid frosted material, the liquid frosted material is placed in the appearance with shock effect
It sets in slot；And the frosted grain is one of aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and chromium oxide or a variety of.
3) acid-etched degreasing is handled, and the solution of the acid-etched degreasing processing includes following ingredient: ammonium acid fluoride 5g/L；It is organic
Acid is 8mL/L；Inorganic acid is 9mL/L；Corrosion inhibiter 15g/L；Sodium nitrate is 2g/L；Ferric sulfate is 1.0g/L；Dipropylene glycol is 2g/
L；Surfactant is 0.3g/L；The acid-etched degreasing processing is that will be placed in Al alloy parts containing at the acid-etched degreasing
In the dipping tank of the solution of reason, the temperature in the dipping tank is maintained at 50 DEG C；And the solution control of the acid-etched degreasing processing
The range of free acidity is 20 points.
In the acid-etched degreasing processing step, organic acid is used in conjunction with inorganic acid, can reduce the waste of aluminium alloy,
Aluminum ions content in dipping tank is reduced, shelters impurity interference in dipping tank, promotion is solution-stabilized, in conjunction with ammonium acid fluoride, nitric acid
Sodium is and ferric sulfate can accelerate the natural oxide film of aluminum alloy surface to dissolve, so that the surface of aluminium alloy is brighter and cleaner, and suitable
When the ammonium acid fluoride of content, the excessive corrosion of aluminium alloy not will lead to；By the use of corrosion inhibiter and complexed surfactant,
It can have the function that mutually compensate and synergy, so that the surface tension of solution and the decline of critical concentration of micelle, cloud point increase, table
Face is living to be increased, and wetability and washing effect are all significantly improved, the significant effect of deoiling, finally in dipropylene glycol
Under collaboration, the surface tension of solution can be reduced, improves the stability of acid-etched degreasing solution, so that the grease with longer hydroxyl point
Son is dissolved in solution, further improves degreasing effect.
4) treated that aluminium alloy carries out washes → dry by acid-etched degreasing → washing → pure water washes → draining the step of,
Washing described in the present embodiment is to be washed under normal temperature condition；In addition, the number of washing and the temperature of washing can be according to specific
Depending on the case where Al alloy parts, therefore repeat no more；
5) surface filming is handled, and specifically the surface filming processing is in the lamellar protection of Al alloy parts surface shape
Film, specially in first layer chromium thickness between 0.03 μm, second layer nickel thickness between 0.05 μm, third layer nickel layer thickness exists
Between 0.010 μm；Before spraying, the relatively thin protective film of multilayer is formed in aluminum alloy surface, the corruption of aluminium alloy Antagonistic Environment can be enhanced
Erosion effect, keeps the shinny degree of any surface finish.
6) it will be dried by the Al alloy parts of surface filming processing in the way of high pressure air blowing or heating, so
Afterwards to outer layer spray coating powder paint or spraying paint；Final curing is the surface treatment for completing aluminium alloy.
Wherein, the organic acid is the mixture of lactic acid and malonic acid；The inorganic acid is the mixing of boric acid and phosphoric acid
Object；The corrosion inhibiter is the mixture of beta-naphthylamine and nonox；The surfactant is neopelex.
(1) aluminium alloy is handled according to the processing method of Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 in laboratory, is tested
Processing result is shown in Table 1.
Corrosion resistance: evaluation method is aluminium alloy plate that is processed by the invention but not painting, carries out salt mist experiment and is corroded
Time of the area less than 5%.
Anti-finger printing: with vaseline for human sweat's simulation medium, a small amount of vaseline is dipped with clean soft cloth and is uniformly applied to
Specimen surface, the color value that measurement sample smears front and back are poor；
Zero indicates color value difference △ E less than 2, and it is invisible to handle contact rear surface fingerprint；
× indicate that color value difference △ E is greater than 2, it is visible to handle contact rear surface fingerprint.
Anti-blackening: experimental method is to be put into the sample of 100mm × 65mm in boiling water along short transverse is longitudinally perpendicular, water
The height of half is exposed on face top, after one hour takes out, the value of chromatism of measurement water surface top before and after the processing.
Anti-blackening standard value is △ E less than 8 (being indicated with zero), and △ E is greater than 8 (use × expression).
High-temperature baking performance: the sample of 70mm × 70mm is put into 350 DEG C of baking oven and toasts 30 minutes, observes specimen surface
△ E value is qualification less than 1.
Table 1
| Performance test | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Corrosion resistance | 210hr | 214hr | 224hr | 98hr |
| Anti-finger printing | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | Difference |
| Anti-blackening | Normally | Normally | Normally | There is black corrosion pit |
| High-temperature baking performance | 0.352 | 0.343 | 0.342 | 1.23 |
As shown in Table 1, the present invention carries out pre-treatment to aluminium alloy plate by the method for Examples 1 to 3, aluminium alloy plate it is resistance to
The neutral salt spray time is more than 210 hours, and (resistance to neutral salt spray time average out to 72 is small for far superior to traditional chromating liquid
When), and there is good anti-finger printing, anti-blackening, high-temperature baking resistant performance；In addition, aluminum alloy surface is formed continuously surely
It is fixed, be firmly combined and the protective film layer with protective value, there is fabulous corrosion resistance.
(2) after being cooled to room temperature treated aluminium alloy template, hundred lattice are drawn with cross-cut tester, bound edge is put into acid later
Property copper ion accelerate salt fog cabinet in, take out after 100 hours, removed by cellophane tape, pass through what is do not fallen off
The percentage of the total the number of grids of film the number of grids Zhan evaluates the adhesive force of paint, and percentage is bigger, illustrates that effect is better,
Adhesion test the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
As shown in Table 2, for pre-treating method of the invention in the test of hundred lattice, percentage illustrates that it has 99% or more
Preferable adhesive force, but acted in acid-etched degreasing processing without vibration of ultrasonic wave in comparative example 1, and surface is living in comparative example
Property agent be single surfactant, deoiling effect does not have the deoiling effect of Examples 1 to 3 good, accordingly, it is possible to after will lead to
Continuous surface filming processing, causes the adhesive force of protective film bad.
In conclusion a kind of aluminium alloy of the invention sprays the method for pre-treatment and is applied blunt on mental section surface
In chemical industry skill, high-efficiency environment friendly can form stable and firm film layer, and have splendid resisting high-temperature yellowing characteristic.
Although describing the present invention by reference to various embodiments above, but it is to be understood that of the invention not departing from
In the case where range, many changes and modifications can be carried out.That is methods discussed above, system and equipment are examples.
Various configurations can be omitted suitably, replace or add various processes or component.For example, in alternative configuration, can with institute
The order in a different order of description executes method, and/or can add, and omits and/or combine various parts.In addition, with skill
Art, which develops element therein, to be updated, i.e., many elements are examples, are not intended to limit the range of the disclosure or claims.
Give detail in the description to provide to the thorough understanding for including the exemplary configuration realized.Front pair
The description of configuration will provide enabled description for realizing described technology for those skilled in the art.The disclosure is not being departed from
Spirit or scope in the case where, can to the function and arrangement of element carry out various changes.
To sum up, be intended to foregoing detailed description be considered as it is illustrative and not restrictive, and it is to be understood that more than
These embodiments are interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.Reading the present invention
Record content after, technical staff can make various changes or modifications the present invention, these equivalence changes and modification are same
Fall into the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment, which is characterized in that the spraying pre-treating method mainly includes following step
Rapid: Al alloy parts dress extension → frosted processing → acid-etched degreasing processing → washing → drying → washing → pure water washes → draining → table
Face film process → drying → spraying → solidification；Wherein, the solution of the acid-etched degreasing processing includes following ingredient: ammonium acid fluoride
For 3g/L~8g/L；Organic acid is 2mL/L~14mL/L；Inorganic acid is 2mL/L~18mL/L；Corrosion inhibiter 6g/L~30g/L；Nitre
Sour sodium is 1g/L~3g/L；Ferric sulfate is 0.5g/L~1.5g/L；Dipropylene glycol is 1g/L~2g/L；Complexed surfactant is
0.1g/L~0.5g/L；The acid-etched degreasing processing is that will be placed in Al alloy parts containing the molten of acid-etched degreasing processing
In the dipping tank of liquid, the temperature in the dipping tank is maintained at 5 DEG C~65 DEG C, and ultrasonic activation is arranged in dipping tank and surpasses
The frequency range of acoustic vibration is 15Hz~250Hz.
2. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 1 spraying pre-treatment, which is characterized in that the organic acid be acetic acid,
In citric acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, tartaric acid or malic acid any one or at least two mixture.
3. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 2 spraying pre-treatment, which is characterized in that the inorganic acid be nitric acid,
In hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid or phosphoric acid any one or at least two mixture.
4. the method for aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the corrosion inhibiter is fluorine silicon
Acid, ammonium fluosilicate, thiocarbamide ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, diamylamine, beta-naphthylamine, nonox, ethanol amine, diethanol amine, three
Ethanol amine, benzotriazole, Alpha-hydroxy benzotriazole, methenamine, tallow amine, 8-hydroxyquinoline, hexyl amine, octyl
Amine, decyl amine, lauryl amine, cetylamine, octadecylamine, double lauryl amines, dioctadecylamine or three (12
Alkyl) in amine or three (octadecyl) amine any one or at least two mixture.
5. the method for aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the complexed surfactant
For the mixing of neopelex and cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
6. the method for aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the acid-etched degreasing processing
The range that solution controls free acidity is 12~26 points.
7. the method for aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the frosted processing are as follows: claim
Frosted grain is taken, frosted grain is added to preparation liquid frosted material in distilled water, and the average particle diameter of the frosted grain is 50
~200 μm；Al alloy parts are placed in the liquid frosted material, and guarantee that Al alloy parts are completely infused in the liquid mill
In sand material, the liquid frosted material is placed in the accommodation groove with shock effect；And the frosted grain be aluminium oxide, cerium oxide,
One of zirconium oxide and chromium oxide are a variety of.
8. the method for aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the surface filming, which is handled, is
In the lamellar protective film of Al alloy parts surface shape, specially in first layer chromium thickness between 0.02 μm~0.04 μm,
Two layers of nickel thickness between 0.05 μm~0.06 μm, third layer nickel layer thickness is between 0.080 μm~0.12 μm.
9. the method for aluminium alloy spraying pre-treatment according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the washing is normal temperature condition
Under washed.
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| CN111826663A (en) * | 2020-07-05 | 2020-10-27 | 江苏荣企新材料科技有限公司 | Surface cleaning treatment process for aluminum-magnesium alloy metal frame |
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| CN113981427A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-28 | 金瓷科技实业发展有限公司 | Phosphorus-free prefilming agent for industrial circulating water system and preparation method and application thereof |
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