CN110257812A - A kind of passivating method and passivation workplace of stainless steel product - Google Patents
A kind of passivating method and passivation workplace of stainless steel product Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257812A CN110257812A CN201910589845.1A CN201910589845A CN110257812A CN 110257812 A CN110257812 A CN 110257812A CN 201910589845 A CN201910589845 A CN 201910589845A CN 110257812 A CN110257812 A CN 110257812A
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- stainless steel
- steel product
- passivation
- passivating
- citric acid
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 9
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002710 Ilex cornuta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001310146 Ilex cornuta Species 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000010326 Osmanthus heterophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium chromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEYZYGMYMLNUHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tunicamycin Natural products CC(C)CCCCCCCCCC=CC(=O)NC1C(O)C(O)C(CC(O)C2OC(C(O)C2O)N3C=CC(=O)NC3=O)OC1OC4OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C4NC(=O)C MEYZYGMYMLNUHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product and passivation workplaces, belong to stainless steel surface passivation treatment technology field.A kind of passivating method of stainless steel product of the invention, only using citric acid solution as passivating solution, including passivation procedure: stainless steel product is soaked in citric acid solution, so that stainless steel product surface forms passivating film.It is at low cost using a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product of the invention, it is simple and easy, it is easy to operate, securely and reliably, operator is endangered small, it is small to the harm of environment, the passivating film effect stability of the stainless steel product of passivated processing, good antirust property in later period use process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product and passivation workplaces, belong at stainless steel surface passivation
Manage technical field.
Background technique
Passivation is so that metal surface is converted into the state for being not easy to be oxidized, and delay the method for corrosion of metal speed.No
Become rusty Steel material passivation, be metal surface generate it is a kind of it is very thin, fine and close, covering performance is good, can be firmly attached
Passivating film (oxidation film) on the metal surface；This tunic mutually exists at independent, usually the compound of oxygen and metal.
Martensitic stain less steel product generally has to by reasonable passivation technology to guarantee good rustless property.Good is blunt
Chemical industry skill can largely improve the rustless property of product.On the contrary, can be made in passivation procedure if Passivation Treatment is bad
At product corrosion and get rusty, less with referring to antirust in use process.
Chinese invention patent, application number 02122917.1 propose a kind of martensitic stain less steel chemical deactivation process, mainly
With sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrofluoric acid (HF) or nitric acid (HNO3) it is primary raw material, it is equipped with certain proportion sodium dichromate
(Na2Cr2O7·2H2O solution) is converted into, then invades product not in the solution of heating.Product is under the action of strong acid, surface
Passivating film is formed, to achieve the purpose that later period antirust.
This technique deficiency is that the raw materials such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid have strong corrosive, operates than relatively hazardous, and in acid solution because
For sodium dichromate addition and contain trivalent chromium.Trivalent chromium and strong acid effect on environment are very big, and strong acid is easy human body and damages.
The martensitic stain less steel product after the passivation of this technique, effect are not sufficiently stable, and rustless property is general in later period use process.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product
And passivation workplace.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of passivating method of stainless steel product, only using citric acid solution as passivating solution, including passivation procedure: it will be stainless
Steel product is soaked in citric acid solution, so that stainless steel product surface forms passivating film.Citric acid is also known as Chinese holly edge acid, chemical name
Claim 2- hydroxy propane -1,2,3- tricarboxylic acids, citric acid has natural and artificial synthesized two kinds of sources, the lemon being extracted from plants
Lemon acid, uses as food additives for a long time.Citric acid is easily obtained as general industry raw material, cheap.This hair
The bright passivating solution only with citric acid solution as stainless steel product, without adding other raw materials such as sodium dichromate, to environment
It influences also very little compared to for sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid or nitric acid.The passivating method of stainless steel product of the invention, it is at low cost,
It is simple and easy, it is easy to operate, securely and reliably, small, the stainless steel of passivated processing small to the harm of environment is endangered to operator
The passivating film effect stability of product, good antirust property in later period use process.
Alternative, in passivation procedure: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 30min-60min, lemon
The mass fraction of lemon acid is 5%-15%.
It is alternative, further include cleaning process: stainless steel product being cleaned using cleaning agent, to wash stainless steel product
The impurity on surface.Cleaning agent can be washing powder, dish washing liquid or/and degreaser etc..
It is alternative, further include leaching process before passivation procedure: stainless steel product is soaked in alkaline solution
It is interior, to dispose the impurity on stainless steel product surface.When combining with cleaning process, cleaning process is first carried out, then carry out leaching
Process；Cleaning process can wash the impurity such as the greasy dirt of the product surface overwhelming majority, and leaching process can dispose product table
The impurity such as the greasy dirt of face remnants.Cleaned process, leaching process treated product surface have substantially without grease stain or other dirts
It is passivated quality conducive to the product ensured in passivation procedure, extends the service life of passivating solution.
Preferably, the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution.Certainly, alkaline solution can also for calcium hydroxide solution or
The alkaline solutions such as potassium hydroxide solution.
Further, in leaching process: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 10min-40min, hydrogen-oxygen
The mass fraction for changing sodium is 5%-10%.
It is alternative, further include neutralization step after passivation procedure: stainless steel product is soaked in alkaline solution
It is interior, to neutralize the citric acid of stainless steel product surface residual.After the completion of passivation procedure, after stainless steel product takes out, stainless steel
Product surface can inevitably remain some citric acids, therefore, preferably, carrying out neutralization step, Neng Goujin after passivation procedure
One step ensures the stability of passivating film.
Preferably, the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution.Certainly, alkaline solution can also for potassium hydroxide solution or
The alkaline solutions such as calcium hydroxide solution.
Further, in neutralization step: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 10min-40min, hydrogen-oxygen
The mass fraction for changing sodium is 5%-10%.
It is alternative, the stainless steel be austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stain less steel, two-phase not
Become rusty steel or precipitation-hardening stainless steel.The present invention is versatile, can be suitable for the passivation operation of various types of stainless steels；Especially
Passivation operation suitable for martensitic stain less steel product.
It is alternative, the stainless steel product be martensitic stain less steel product, the martensitic stain less steel product be by
Hardening heat treatment.Passivating solution of the citric acid solution as martensitic stain less steel product, additionally it is possible to detect hardened heat treatment
Product quality, if the product of hardened heat treatment produces excessive carburizing, product can black in citric acid solution,
This can filter out the underproof product of heat treatment, it is ensured that the good product quality of sale improves the quality that product is sold by enterprise.
A kind of passivation workplace of stainless steel product, including being set in workplace:
For containing the service sink of cleaning agent, to wash the impurity on stainless steel product surface；
For being loaded with the leaching pond of alkaline solution, to dispose the residual impurity on stainless steel product surface；
For being loaded with the passivation pool of citric acid solution, to make stainless steel product surface form passivating film；
For being loaded with the neutralization pond of alkaline solution, to neutralize the citric acid of stainless steel product surface residual；And
Several clear water reserviors are used to contain clear water, alternatively, the water pipe that can spray clear water is provided with, for clearing up
Fall the attachment on stainless steel product surface.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The passivating method of stainless steel product of the invention, it is at low cost, it is simple and easy, it is easy to operate, securely and reliably, to operation
Personnel endanger small, the passivating film effect stability of the stainless steel product of passivated processing small to the harm of environment, later period use process
Middle good antirust property.The passivation of stainless steel product is able to carry out using passivating method of the invention in passivation workplace of the invention
Operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the passivating method of stainless steel product；
Fig. 2 is a kind of arrangement schematic diagram of the passivation workplace of stainless steel product；
Fig. 3 is the arrangement schematic diagram of the passivation workplace of another stainless steel product；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of leaching pond, passivation pool or neutralization pond；
Fig. 5 is the connection relationship diagram of leaching pond, passivation pool, neutralization pond and waste liquid pool.
Marked in the figure: 1- service sink, 2- leaching pond, 3- passivation pool, 4- neutralization pond, 5,5a, 5b, 5c, 5d- clear water reserviors,
51- water pipe, 6- pond body, 61- heating member, 62- temperature sensor, 7- controller, the 8- string bag, 9- waste liquid pool, 91- drain pipe, 10-
Drying box.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification unless specifically stated can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other
Alternative features are replaced.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
?.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product of embodiment one, only using citric acid solution as passivation
Liquid, including passivation procedure: stainless steel product is soaked in citric acid solution, so that stainless steel product surface forms passivating film.
Citric acid is also known as Chinese holly edge acid, and chemical name 2- hydroxy propane -1,2,3- tricarboxylic acids, citric acid has natural and two kinds artificial synthesized
Source, the citric acid being extracted from plants are used as food additives for a long time.Citric acid is as general industry original
Material, is easily obtained, cheap.Passivating solution of the present invention only with citric acid solution as stainless steel product, without adding weight
Other raw materials such as sodium chromate, the influence to environment are also very little compared to for sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid or nitric acid.Of the invention is stainless
The passivating method of steel product, it is at low cost, it is simple and easy, it is easy to operate, it is securely and reliably, small to operator's harm, to environment
Endanger small, the passivating film effect stability of the stainless steel product of passivated processing, good antirust property in later period use process.
In passivation procedure: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 30min-60min, the quality point of citric acid
Number is 5%-15%.Citric acid solution is made of citric acid and water.In passivation procedure, specific soaking temperature, soaking time
And the mass fraction of citric acid, it can preferentially be chosen according to the actual conditions of stainless steel product.In one embodiment, blunt
In chemical industry sequence: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C, soaking time 60min, and the mass fraction of citric acid is 5%.In another embodiment
In, in passivation procedure: soaking temperature is 45 DEG C, soaking time 45min, and the mass fraction of citric acid is 10%.Another
In embodiment, in passivation procedure: soaking temperature is 75 DEG C, soaking time 30min, and the mass fraction of citric acid is 15%.
It is alternative, further include cleaning process in one embodiment: stainless steel product is cleaned using cleaning agent,
To wash the impurity on stainless steel product surface.Cleaning agent can be washing powder, dish washing liquid or/and degreaser etc..
It is alternative, it further include leaching process before passivation procedure: by stainless steel product in another embodiment
It is soaked in alkaline solution, to dispose the impurity on stainless steel product surface.When combining with cleaning process, scavenger is first carried out
Sequence, then carry out leaching process；Cleaning process can wash the impurity such as the greasy dirt of the product surface overwhelming majority, and leaching process can
Dispose the impurity such as the greasy dirt of product surface remnants.Cleaned process, leaching process treated product surface are substantially without grease stain
Or other dirts extend the service life of passivating solution it is advantageously ensured that the product in passivation procedure is passivated quality.
Preferably, the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution.Certainly, alkaline solution can also for potassium hydroxide solution or
The alkaline solutions such as calcium hydroxide solution.
In leaching process: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 10min-40min, the quality of sodium hydroxide
Score is 5%-10%.Sodium hydroxide solution is made of sodium hydroxide and water.In leaching process, specific soaking temperature, leaching
The mass fraction for steeping time and sodium hydroxide, can preferentially choose according to the actual conditions of stainless steel product.One implements wherein
In example, in leaching process: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C, soaking time 40min, and the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 5%.Another
In one embodiment, in leaching process: soaking temperature is 45 DEG C, and the mass fraction of soaking time 25min, sodium hydroxide are
7.5%.In another embodiment, in leaching process: soaking temperature is 75 DEG C, soaking time 10min, the matter of sodium hydroxide
Measuring score is 10%.
It is alternative, it further include neutralization step after passivation procedure in another embodiment: by stainless steel product
It is soaked in alkaline solution, to neutralize the citric acid of stainless steel product surface residual.After the completion of passivation procedure, stainless steel product
After taking-up, stainless steel product surface can inevitably remain some citric acids, therefore, preferably, in carrying out after passivation procedure
And process, it can further ensure that the stability of passivating film.
Preferably, the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution.Certainly, alkaline solution can also for calcium hydroxide solution or
The alkaline solutions such as potassium hydroxide solution.
In neutralization step: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 10min-40min, the quality of sodium hydroxide
Score is 5%-10%.Sodium hydroxide solution is made of sodium hydroxide and water.In neutralization step, specific soaking temperature, leaching
The mass fraction for steeping time and sodium hydroxide, can preferentially choose according to the actual conditions of stainless steel product.One implements wherein
In example, in neutralization step: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C, soaking time 40min, and the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 5%.Another
In one embodiment, in neutralization step: soaking temperature is 45 DEG C, and the mass fraction of soaking time 25min, sodium hydroxide are
7.5%.In another embodiment, in neutralization step: soaking temperature is 75 DEG C, soaking time 10min, the matter of sodium hydroxide
Measuring score is 10%.
Preferably, cleaning up the attachment on stainless steel product surface using clear water between above-mentioned every procedure.
It is alternative, the stainless steel be austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stain less steel, two-phase not
Become rusty steel or precipitation-hardening stainless steel.The present invention is versatile, can be suitable for the passivation operation of various types of stainless steels；Especially
Passivation operation suitable for martensitic stain less steel product.
Alternative, in one embodiment, the stainless steel product is martensitic stain less steel product, the martensite
Stainless steel product is heat-treated by hardening.Passivating solution of the citric acid solution as martensitic stain less steel product, additionally it is possible to examine
The product quality of hardened heat treatment is measured, if the product of hardened heat treatment produces excessive carburizing, product can be in lemon
It can black in lemon acid solution, this can filter out the underproof product of heat treatment, it is ensured that the good product quality of sale improves enterprise
Industry sells the quality of product.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two discloses a kind of passivation workplace of stainless steel product, can be using the passivating method of embodiment one
The passivation workplace of embodiment two carries out the passivation operation of stainless steel product.The specific solution contained in various ponds is referring to implementation
Example one.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the passivation workplace of a kind of stainless steel product of embodiment two, including be set in workplace
:
For containing the service sink 1 of cleaning agent, to wash the impurity on stainless steel product surface；
For being loaded with the leaching pond 2 of alkaline solution, to dispose the residual impurity on stainless steel product surface；
For being loaded with the passivation pool 3 of citric acid solution, to make stainless steel product surface form passivating film；
For being loaded with the neutralization pond 4 of alkaline solution, to neutralize the citric acid of stainless steel product surface residual；With
And
Several clear water reserviors 5, are used to contain clear water, alternatively, being provided with the water pipe 51 that can spray clear water, are used for
Clean up the attachment on stainless steel product surface.It is multiple to may is that clear water reserviors 5 have, it is interior to contain clear water, as shown in Figure 2.May be used also
To be: clear water reserviors 5 have multiple, and assembly can spray the water pipe 51 of clear water thereon.It may also is that clear water reserviors 5 have it is multiple, part it is clear
Clear water is contained in pond, assembly can spray the water pipe 51 of clear water on remaining clear water reserviors.It may also is that clear water reserviors 5 only have 1,
It is equipped with the water pipe 51 that can spray clear water thereon, as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figures 2 to 5, specifically, in one embodiment, passivation workplace of the invention is included in workplace
It is interior according to passivation technology flow setting:
For containing the service sink 1 of cleaning agent；For containing the leaching pond 2 of alkaline solution；For containing citric acid solution
Passivation pool 3；For containing the neutralization pond 4 of alkaline solution；And several are used to contain the clear water reserviors 5 or several of clear water
It is a to be equipped with the clear water reserviors 5 that spray the water pipe 51 of clear water；And the drying box 10 for drying stainless steel product.
Leaching pond 2, passivation pool 3, neutralization pond 4 all include pond body 6 respectively.The pond body 6 in leaching pond 2 be equipped with heating member 61,
Temperature sensor 62, heating member 61, the temperature sensor 62 in leaching pond 2 are connected with controller 7；The pond body 6 of passivation pool 3 is equipped with
Heating member 61, temperature sensor 62, heating member 61, the temperature sensor 62 of passivation pool 3 are connected with controller 7；The pond of neutralization pond 4
Body 6 is equipped with heating member 61, temperature sensor 62, and heating member 61, the temperature sensor 62 of neutralization pond 4 are connected with controller 7；Also
The string bag 8 of pond body 6 is adapted to including several, the string bag 8 can be inserted into pond body 6.It further include the waste liquid pool for storing old medium
9, leaching pond 2, passivation pool 3, neutralization pond 4 are connected to by drain pipe 91 with waste liquid pool 9 respectively, are equipped with drain on drain pipe 91
Valve.Draining valve can be manually be also possible to it is electronic.The design of controller 7, heating member 61, temperature sensor 62,
By controller 7 by actual demand set heating member 61 heating temperature, temperature sensor 62 can real-time detection medium temperature,
And shown by controller 7, controller 7 controls adding for heating member 61 by detecting signal from temperature sensor 62
Hot temperature, so that the intracorporal medium temperature in pond is able to maintain in the range of meeting the requirements.The design of the string bag 8, will be to be soaked
Stainless steel product is placed in the string bag 8, then is immersed in pond body 6, is soaked in medium convenient for stainless steel product, and stainless steel production is also convenient for
Product take out out of medium.The design of waste liquid pool 9, when the medium in leaching pond 2, passivation pool 3 or neutralization pond 4 will be replaced, at this time
The draining valve on corresponding drain pipe 91 is opened, old medium (old citric acid solution, old alkaline solution) is made to be discharged into waste liquid pool 9
It is interior；Acid, alkalinity old medium, which is hoarded, occurs neutralization reaction in waste liquid pool 9.Waste liquid in waste liquid pool 9 hoards certain amount
When be transferred to environmental protection treatment.
When carrying out the passivation operation of stainless steel product:
Cleaning agent is contained in service sink 1, cleaning agent can be washing powder, dish washing liquid or/and degreaser etc.；
Alkaline solution is contained in leaching pond 2, neutralization pond 4 respectively, alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution
It is made of sodium hydroxide and water, the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 5%-10%.Alkaline solution can also be calcium hydroxide solution
Or the alkaline solutions such as potassium hydroxide solution.
3 citrates incorporated solution of passivation pool, citric acid solution are made of citric acid and water, and the mass fraction of citric acid is
5%-15%.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, embodiment three uses the passivation side of embodiment one in the passivation workplace of embodiment two
The passivation operation of method progress stainless steel product.Stainless steel product is martensitic stain less steel steel ball, which is
By hardening heat treatment.
The step of being passivated operation is as described below:
Step 1 carries out cleaning process in service sink 1: stainless steel product is cleaned using cleaning agent, to wash stainless steel production
The impurity on product surface；The impurity such as the greasy dirt of the product surface overwhelming majority can be washed.
Step 2, in clear water reserviors 5a, the cleaning agent of stainless steel product surface attachment is cleaned up using clear water.
Step 3 carries out leaching process in leaching pond 2: stainless steel product is soaked in alkaline solution, it is stainless to dispose
The impurity on steel product surface；The impurity such as the greasy dirt of product surface remnants can be disposed.
Step 4, in clear water reserviors 5b, the alkaline solution of stainless steel product surface attachment is cleaned up using clear water.
Step 5 is passivated process in passivation pool 3: stainless steel product being soaked in citric acid solution, so that stainless steel
Product surface forms passivating film.
Step 6, in clear water reserviors 5c, the citric acid solution of stainless steel product surface attachment is cleaned up using clear water.
Step 7, neutralization step is carried out in neutralization pond 4: stainless steel product is soaked in alkaline solution, it is stainless to neutralize
The citric acid of steel product surface residual.
Step 8, in clear water reserviors 5d, the alkaline solution of stainless steel product surface attachment is cleaned up using clear water.
Step 9 is dried stainless steel product using drying box 10, or is dried stainless steel product using non-woven fabrics.
After passivated operation, martensitic stain less steel steel ball surface forms stable passivating film, meet salt spray test or
Copper sulphate test request.
2 kinds of sizes are subjected to salt spray test through the post-job martensitic stain less steel steel ball of above-mentioned passivation.
The steel ball of the first size: diameter is 1/8 inch, and quantity is 2, material 440C, salt spray test standard are as follows:
ASTM B117-2011, test result are to pass through, and test report original documents are as follows:
The translation of test report is as follows:
The steel ball of second of size: diameter is 1 inch, and quantity is 2, material 440C, salt spray test standard are as follows: ASTM
B117-2011, test result are to pass through, and test report original documents are as follows:
The translation of test report is as follows:
In conclusion using a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product of the invention, at low cost, simple and easy, operation side
Just, securely and reliably, small, the passivating film effect of the stainless steel product of passivated processing small to the harm of environment is endangered operator
Fruit is stablized, good antirust property in later period use process.Use passivating method of the invention can in passivation workplace of the invention
Carry out the passivation operation of stainless steel product.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product, which is characterized in that only using citric acid solution as passivating solution, including passivation work
Sequence: stainless steel product is soaked in citric acid solution, so that stainless steel product surface forms passivating film.
2. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in passivation procedure: impregnating
Temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 30min-60min, and the mass fraction of citric acid is 5%-15%.
3. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: before passivation procedure, also
Including cleaning process: stainless steel product is cleaned using cleaning agent, to wash the impurity on stainless steel product surface.
4. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: before passivation procedure, also
Including leaching process: stainless steel product being soaked in alkaline solution, to dispose the impurity on stainless steel product surface.
5. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: after passivation procedure, also
Including neutralization step: stainless steel product being soaked in alkaline solution, to neutralize the citric acid of stainless steel product surface residual.
6. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: the alkaline solution is
Sodium hydroxide solution.
7. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: in leaching process, or
In neutralization step: soaking temperature is 10 DEG C -75 DEG C, soaking time 10min-40min, and the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 5%-
10%.
8. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the stainless steel is austenite
Stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stain less steel, two phase stainless steel or precipitation-hardening stainless steel.
9. a kind of passivating method of stainless steel product as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the stainless steel product is horse
Family name's body stainless steel product, the martensitic stain less steel product are heat-treated by hardening.
10. a kind of passivation workplace of stainless steel product, which is characterized in that including being set in workplace: clear for containing
The service sink (1) of lotion, to wash the impurity on stainless steel product surface；
For containing the leaching pond (2) of alkaline solution, to dispose the residual impurity on stainless steel product surface；
For containing the passivation pool (3) of citric acid solution, to make stainless steel product surface form passivating film；
For containing the neutralization pond (4) of alkaline solution, to neutralize the citric acid of stainless steel product surface residual；And
Several clear water reserviors (5), are used to contain clear water, alternatively, the water pipe (51) that can spray clear water is provided with, to clear
Reason falls the attachment on stainless steel product surface.
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