CN110255891A

CN110255891A - Optical glass

Info

Publication number: CN110255891A
Application number: CN201910593972.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖德光; 何波
Original assignee: Chengdu Guangming Optoelectronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: CDGM Glass Co Ltd; Chengdu Guangming Optoelectronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-11-21
Filing date: 2016-11-21
Publication date: 2019-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-21
Also published as: CN106517766A; CN110255891B; CN106517766B

Abstract

The present invention provides that a kind of internal soundness is excellent and optical glass with excellent transmitance, and constituent indicates that cation contains by weight percentage: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 but be less than or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8-20%；La³⁺: 40-60%；Gd³⁺: 20-35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%；Its anion contains F^‑And O^2‑, wherein F^‑/O^2‑For 0.15-0.55.The problems such as present invention is designed by reasonable component, reduces the volatilization of F content, effectively controls the striped and optical constant fluctuation that glass is generated because F volatilizees.The present invention makes optical glass of the present invention while being 52-58 with refractive index 1.71-1.78, Abbe number by reasonably formula design, has excellent internal soundness and transmitance.

Description

Optical glass

The application is for application No. is 201611021333.8, and the applying date is on November 21st, 2016, entitled " optics The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of glass ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of optical glass more particularly to a kind of high-refraction low-dispersion optical glass for mold, gas preform and Optical element.

Background technique

For optical glass, refractive index, Abbe number, transmitance are its core photosensitiveness features.Refractive index and Abbe number Determine the basic function of glass, it is low that the optical glass that refractive index 1.71-1.78, Abbe number are 51-58 belongs to high refractive index Dispersion optical glass, application of this kind of high-performance glass in optical system can shorten the length of camera lens, improve image quality.

Optical glass is in addition to the optical property for needing to set, it is necessary to have excellent internal soundness (striped, bubble and folder Sundries etc.).In some cases, inside glass quality depends on the composition of glass, and the big optical glass of amount containing F was due to melting Cheng Zhong, F have certain volatility, therefore are easy to appear the fluctuation of striped and optical constant.On the other hand, inside glass quality Additionally depend on the working condition of glass.In the manufacturing process of optical glass, usually using platinum or platinum alloy as fusing Tool, when using platinum class fusing tool molten raw under the conditions of high melt temperature or long melting time, platinum dissolution Into in glass metal, to generate field trash in glass.

Summary of the invention

Optics excellent technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of internal soundness and with excellent transmitance Glass.

The present invention also provides a kind of gas preform and optical element formed by above-mentioned optical glass.

The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is: optical glass, constituent is by weight percentage It indicates, cation contains: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 but be less than or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8-20%；La³⁺: 40-60%；Gd³⁺: 20- 35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%；

Its anion contains F^-And O^2-, wherein F^-/O^2-For 0.15-0.55.

Further, constituent indicates by weight percentage, and cation also contains: Zn²⁺: 0-8%；Zr⁴⁺: 0- 8%；Al³⁺: 0-5%；Sb³⁺: 0-1%.

Optical glass is made of fluoride and oxide, is indicated by weight percentage, content of fluoride and oxide content Weight ratio be 0.2-0.5, cation contains: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 but be less than or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8-20%；La³⁺: 40- 60%；Gd³⁺: 20-35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%.

Optical glass, constituent indicate by weight percentage, cationic are as follows: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 but it is less than or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8-20%；La³⁺: 40-60%；Gd³⁺: 20-35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%；Zn²⁺: 0-8%；Zr⁴⁺: 0- 8%；Al³⁺: 0-5%；Sb³⁺: 0-1%；

Its anion is by F^-And O^2-It constitutes, wherein F^-/O^2-For 0.15-0.55.

Further, alkali metal ion Li is not contained⁺、Na⁺、K⁺；Without containing alkaline-earth metal ions Ba²⁺、Sr²⁺、Ca²⁺With Mg²⁺；Without containing Ge⁴⁺。

Further, in which: Si⁴⁺: 0.5-5%；And/or B³⁺: 10-18%；And/or La³⁺: 43-58%；And/or Gd³⁺: 22-32%；And/or Y³⁺: 3-13%；And/or Nb⁵⁺: 0-5%；And/or Zn²⁺: 0-5%；And/or Zr⁴⁺: 0-5%；And/or Al³ ⁺: 0-3%；And/or Sb³⁺: 0-0.5%.

Further, in which: Si⁴⁺: 1-4%；And/or B³⁺: 12-18%；And/or La³⁺: 45-54%；And/or Gd³⁺: 24-30%；And/or Y³⁺: 4-10%；And/or Nb⁵⁺: 0-3%；And/or Zn²⁺: 0-3%；And/or Zr⁴⁺: 0-3%；And/or Al³ ⁺: 0-2%.

Further, component ions content meet one of following 5 kinds of conditions or more than one:

1)Si⁴⁺/B³⁺For 0.02-0.6；

2)Y³⁺/(Si⁴⁺+B³⁺) it is 0.1-1；

3)Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺Below 1；

4)La³⁺+Gd³⁺+Y³⁺It is 70% or more；

5)F^-/O^2-For 0.2-0.5.

1)Si⁴⁺/B³⁺For 0.05-0.5；

2)Y³⁺/(Si⁴⁺+B³⁺) it is 0.2-0.7；

3)Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺Below 0.5；

4)La³⁺+Gd³⁺+Y³⁺It is 75% or more；

5)F^-/O^2-For 0.25-0.45.

Further, anion weight percent contains: F^-: 15-35%；O^2-: 65-85%.

Further, anion weight percent contains: F^-: 15-30%；O^2-: 70-85%.

Further, anion weight percent contains: F^-: 18-28%；O^2-: 72-82%.

Further, the weight ratio of content of fluoride and oxide content is 0.25-0.48.

Further, the weight ratio of content of fluoride and oxide content is 0.3-0.45.

Further, refractive index 1.71-1.78；Abbe number is 52-58；Transition temperature is 660 DEG C or less；Transmittance reaches Corresponding wavelength X when to 80%₈₀Less than or equal to 400nm, transmittance reaches corresponding wavelength X when 5%₅It is less than or equal to 320nm。

Gas preform is made of above-mentioned optical glass.

Optical element is made of above-mentioned optical glass.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: designing by reasonable component, the volatilization of F content is reduced, effectively controls glass because of F The problems such as striped and optical constant for volatilizing and generating fluctuate.The present invention makes optics glass of the present invention by reasonably formula design Glass be 1.71-1.78 with refractive index, Abbe number is 52-58 while, have excellent internal soundness and transmitance.

Specific embodiment

I, optical glass

In the present specification, in case of no particular description, cationic components content is with the sun for the content of each ingredient The degree that ion accounts for all cationic total weights indicates, it is total that the anionic component content with the anion accounts for whole anion The degree of weight indicates.In addition, also including this when mentioning specified value or less or specified value or more in the following description Specified value.

It should be noted that the ioni valence of each ingredient be for convenience and the typical value that uses, do not have with other ioni valences It has any different.A possibility that ioni valence of each ingredient is there are other than typical value present in optical glass.For example, Si is usually with ion Valence is present in glass for the state of 4 valences, therefore in the present specification with " Si⁴⁺" it is used as typical value, but there is also with other The state of ioni valence there are a possibility that, this is also within protection scope of the present invention.

[about cationic components]

B³⁺It is that glass network forms component, has and improve glass fusible and devitrification resistance, reduce glass transition temperature With the effect of density, in order to reach said effect, present invention introduces 8% or more or more B³⁺, it is preferably introduced into 10% or more B³⁺, more preferably introduce 12% or more B³⁺；But when its introduction volume is more than 20%, then under stability, glass and chemical durability Drop, and refractive index declines, and is unable to get high refractive index of the invention, therefore, B of the invention³⁺Content 20% is set as Limit, preferred upper limit 18%.

Si⁴⁺It is also glass former, the Si greater than 0 is introduced in the present invention⁴⁺The stability of glass, while Si can be improved⁴⁺ Introducing can also improve the high temperature viscosity and devitrification resistance energy of glass, therefore Si in glass of the present invention⁴⁺Introducing content be greater than 0, preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more；If but Si⁴⁺Content it is excessive, the transition temperature of glass can be made to increase, and Making the meltbility of glass reduces, therefore its upper content limit is 6%, and preferred upper limit 5%, the further preferred upper limit is 4%.

In the present invention, by controlling Si⁴⁺、B³⁺Ratio Si⁴⁺/B³⁺Within the scope of 0.02-0.6, it can not only increase raw material Meltbility and stability, glass, and the increase of average linear expansion coefficient can be inhibited, further, control Si⁴⁺/B³⁺? Within the scope of 0.05-0.5, the network structure of glass can be optimized, so that glass is obtained more excellent weatherability and devitrification resistance, more Further preferred Si⁴⁺/B³⁺For 0.08-0.3.

La³⁺It is the effective component for the refractive index and Abbe number for improving glass, if La in the present invention³⁺Lower than 40%, then it is difficult to Refractive index and Abbe number needed for obtaining, meanwhile, by the La for introducing 40% or more³⁺Can be improved glass chemical durability and Mechanical strength；But when its content is more than 60%, then the tendency towards devitrification of glass increases, and liquidus temperature increases.Therefore, in the present invention La³⁺Content is limited to 40-60%, preferably 43-58%, more preferably 45-54%.

Gd³⁺The stability and durability of glass can be improved, and increase mechanical strength while properly increasing refractive index. If its content is more than 35%, the liquidus temperature and transition temperature of glass rise, and stability can also reduce；When glass of the present invention Gd in glass³⁺When content is 20% or more, it is remarkably improved the devitrification resistance property of glass, while improving at glassy.Therefore, this hair Bright Gd³⁺Content range is 20-35%, preferably 22-32%, further preferably 24-30%.

Y³⁺The refractive index and Abbe number of glass can be improved, pass through the Y of 2% or more introducing in the present invention³⁺, can improve Meltbility, the devitrification resistance of glass, can also reduce devitrification of glass ceiling temperature and specific gravity；But when its content is more than 15%, then Stability, the devitrification resistance of glass reduce instead.Therefore, Y³⁺Content range is 2-15%, preferred scope 3-13%, more preferably For 4-10%.

The present inventor is had found by lot of experiments, works as La³⁺、Gd³⁺、Y³⁺Total amount La³⁺+Gd³⁺+Y³⁺For 70% with When upper, it can reduce the dispersion performance of glass and obtained high refractive index, while optimizing the devitrification resistance and light transmission rate of glass, this Invent preferred La³⁺+Gd³⁺+Y³⁺It is 75% or more, more preferably 80% or more.

Through research, the inventor has found that Y³⁺Introduction volume and network formed component introduction volume between proper ratio, can To reduce the liquidus temperature of glass, and inhibit the volatilization of F in glass to a certain extent, reduces because in F volatilization bring glass The problems such as portion's striped and unstable optical constant.It is analyzed by further experiment it is found that controlling Y³⁺、(Si⁴⁺+B³⁺) ratio Y³⁺/ (Si⁴⁺+B³⁺) within the scope of 0.1-1 when, can get preferable effect, preferably 0.2-0.7, more preferably 0.25-0.5.

Nb⁵⁺There is fabulous effect to glass refraction reduction liquidus temperature is improved, while also there is the anti-analysis for improving glass The effect of crystalline substance and chemical durability.If its content is more than 8%, glass dispersion is improved, and is unable to reach glass of the present invention Optical characteristics.Therefore, Nb⁵⁺Content range be 0-8%, preferred scope 0-5%, more preferable range be 0-3%.

Zn²⁺It is optional components in the present invention, the chemical stability of glass can be improved in appropriate be added in glass, while may be used also To reduce the high temperature viscosity and Tg temperature of glass.But if Zn in the present invention²⁺Additional amount is more than 8%, the devitrification resistance of glass It can decline, while high temperature viscosity is smaller, brings difficulty to molding.Therefore, Zn²⁺Content be limited to 0-8%, preferably 0- 5%, more preferably 0-3%.

Pass through control Zn in the present invention²⁺、Si⁴⁺Ratio Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺For 1 hereinafter, glass can be enable to obtain suitably High temperature viscosity is relatively easy to the molding of glass, preferably Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺For 0.5 hereinafter, still more preferably Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺It is 0.3 Hereinafter, still more preferably Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺It is 0.2 or less.

Zr⁴⁺It is a kind of high refractive low dispersive component, being added can be improved the refractive index of glass in glass and adjusts dispersion, The devitrification resistance energy of glass can be properly increased and at glass stability.In the present invention, if its content is higher than 8%, glass can become It must be difficult to melt, smelting temperature can rise, and inside glass is easy to cause field trash and transmitance decline occur.Therefore, of the invention Middle Zr⁴⁺Content is 0-8%, preferably 0-5%, further preferably 0-3%.

It is a small amount of to introduce Al³⁺It can improve and form the stability and chemical stability of glass, but when its content is more than 5%, glass Meltbility is deteriorated, and devitrification resistance reduces, therefore, Al of the invention³⁺Content be 0-5%, preferably 0-3%, more preferably 0- 2%, it does not introduce further preferably.

By adding Sb on a small quantity³⁺The clarifying effect of glass can be improved in component, but works as Sb³⁺When content is more than 1%, glass Has the tendency that the risk that devitrification resistance property reduces and dispersion increases, simultaneously because its strong oxidation promotes molding die Deterioration, therefore the preferred Sb of the present invention³⁺Additive amount be 0-1%, more preferably 0-0.5% is further preferably added without.

[about the anionic component]

F^-It is the ingredient for reducing glass transition temperature, yield point temperature, is the necessary component of optical glass of the present invention, this The F that invention passes through 15% or more introducing^-, to reduce thermal refractive index coefficient and Tg temperature, improve Abbe number and abnormal dispersion Property.If its content is more than 35%, the stability of glass can be weakened, increase thermal expansion coefficient and abrasion degree, especially fusion process In, F^-Volatilization not only pollute the environment, but also the optical data of glass can be made beyond scope of design, and cause the production of striped It is raw.Therefore, F^-Content is 15-35%, preferably 15-30%, further preferably 18-28%.

Contain O in optical glass of the present invention^2-, especially by the O containing 65% or more^2-, it is able to suppress the devitrification of glass Rise with abrasion degree.Therefore, O^2-Content limit 65% be lower limit, preferably 70% be lower limit, further preferred 72% be lower limit. On the other hand, by by O^2-Content be limited to 85% hereinafter, help to improve the processability of glass, therefore, the present invention will 85% is limited to O^2-Upper content limit, preferably 82% is the upper limit.

From the viewpoint of inhibiting glass devitrification, F^-With O^2-Total content be preferably 98% or more, further preferably 99% or more, it is still more preferably 99.5% or more.In addition, F^-Content and O^2-The weight percent F of content^-/O^2-For 0.15- 0.55, it can not only make glass of the present invention that there is the optical property of high refractive low dispersive, but also glass of the present invention can be made to have There are excellent thermal stability and low transition temperature.Especially work as F^-/O^2-When for 0.2-0.5, the transmitance of glass is obviously obtained Optimization, further preferred F^-/O^2-For 0.25-0.45.

Glass is introduced in the present invention preferably in the form of oxide and fluoride, is obtained by high temperature melting of the invention Optical glass is conducive to glass wherein by weight percentage, the ratio of content of fluoride and oxide content is 0.2-0.5 The raising of transmitance and the volatilization for inhibiting F, so that the generation of striped is controlled, the ratio of preferred fluorinated object content and oxide content For 0.25-0.48, the ratio of more preferable content of fluoride and oxide content is 0.3-0.45.

[about other ingredients]

Due to Li⁺Platinum or platinum alloy vessel are easily corroded, causes to generate more platiniferous foreign matter in finished glass, leads to glass The quality decline of glass.Containing Li⁺When glass is for during precise compression molding, it is easy to react with the carbon in release agent, Glass elements surface generates coarse opaque film layer, so preferably not containing Li in the present invention⁺；Na⁺It can accelerate the anti-crystallization of glass The deterioration of performance, while can extend glass when being cooled and shaped and become the solid time from liquid, it creates conditions to crystallization；K⁺Meeting Its water resistance is caused to be deteriorated.Therefore Li is not preferably contained in the present invention⁺、Na⁺、K⁺Equal alkali metal ions.Ba²⁺、Sr²⁺、Ca²⁺With Mg²⁺The devitrification resistance that the introducing of equal alkaline-earth metal ions will lead to glass of the present invention reduces, therefore does not preferably contain in the present invention Ba²⁺、Sr²⁺、Ca²⁺And Mg²⁺Equal alkaline-earth metal ions.Ge⁴⁺Introducing it is little to the performance optimization function of glass of the present invention, but The cost of glass can be made to significantly rise, therefore preferably do not contain Ge in glass of the present invention⁴⁺。

[component that should not contain]

In the range of not damaging glass performance of the invention, can add as needed other above-mentioned not referred at Point.But the transiting metal components such as Ce, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag and Mo, even if a small amount of on independent or compound ground In the case where containing, glass is also subject to coloration, and the specific wavelength in visible light region generates absorption, to weaken of the invention Visible light transmittance effect is improved, therefore it is desirable, especially for the optical glass that the transmitance of visible light region wavelength requires, excellent Choosing does not include actually.

The cation of Pb, Th, Cd, Tl, Os, Be and Se have control to use as harmful chemical substance in recent years Tendency, not only in the manufacturing process of glass, but also require to take protection in the disposition after manufacturing procedure and commercialization The measure of environment.Therefore, it in the case where paying attention to protecting environment, other than being inevitably mixed into, is preferably actually free of Have.Optical glass does not include the substance of pollution environment actually as a result,.Therefore, even if not taking special environmental protective measure, Optical glass of the invention is also able to carry out manufacture, processing and discards.

[optical constant of optical glass]

Optical glass of the invention is high-refractivity and low-dispersion glass, lens made of high-refractivity and low-dispersion glass mostly with Lens made of low-refraction high-dispersion glass are combined, and are used for chromatic aberration correction.Optical glass of the invention is from suitable for its purposes Optical characteristics from the point of view of, the range of glass refraction nd is 1.71-1.78, and preferred range is 1.72-1.77, more excellent The range of choosing is 1.73-1.77；The Abbe number ν of glass of the present invention_dRange be 52-58, preferred scope 53-57.

[coloring of optical glass]

The shortwave transmitted spectrum characteristic degree of staining (λ of glass of the present invention₈₀/λ₅) indicate.λ₈₀Refer to that glass transmittance reaches Corresponding wavelength, λ when 80%₅Refer to that glass transmittance reaches corresponding wavelength when 5%.Wherein, λ₈₀Measurement be using having The glass with a thickness of 10 ± 0.1mm of two parallel to each other and optical polish opposite planes, measures from 280nm to 700nm Spectral transmission in wavelength domain and the wavelength for showing transmissivity 80%.So-called spectral transmission or transmissivity refer to, to The above-mentioned surface of glass vertically incident intensity I_inLight, through glass and from another plane project intensity I_outLight feelings Under condition, pass through I_out/I_inThe amount of expression, and also contain the transmissivity of the surface reflection loss on the above-mentioned surface of glass.Glass The refractive index of glass is higher, and surface reflection loss is bigger.Therefore, in glass of high refractive index, λ₈₀Value small mean glass itself Coloring it is few.

Optical glass λ of the invention₈₀Less than or equal to 400nm, preferably λ₈₀Range be less than or equal to 395nm, it is more excellent Select λ₈₀Range be less than or equal to 390nm.λ₅Less than or equal to 320nm, preferably λ₅Range be less than or equal to 315nm, More preferable λ₅Range be less than or equal to 310nm.

[transition temperature of optical glass]

Optical glass gradually can become mouldable state by solid-state in a certain temperature range.Transition temperature refers to glass specimen from room Temperature is warming up to temperature of hanging down of speeding, temperature corresponding to the intersection point that low-temperature region and high-temperature area straight line portion extended line intersect.

The transition temperature Tg of glass of the present invention at 660 DEG C hereinafter, it is preferred that 655 DEG C hereinafter, more preferable 650 DEG C or less.

II, gas preform and optical element

Gas preform and optical element of the invention is formed by the optical glass of aforementioned present invention.Glass of the invention Prefabricated component has high-refractivity and low-dispersion characteristic；Optical element of the invention has high-refractivity and low-dispersion characteristic, can be with low Cost provides the optical elements such as the costly various lens of optics, prism.

As the example of lens, can enumerate lens face be spherical surface or aspherical recessed meniscus shaped lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, The various lens such as biconvex lens, biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens.

This lens with lens combination made of high refractive index high-dispersion glass, recoverable color difference is suitable as color The lens of poor correction, the densification for optics system are also effective lens.

In addition, for prism, since refractive index height passes through bending through combination in camera optical system Compact, wide-angle optics system can be realized towards required direction in optical path.

III, embodiment

The present invention is explained using following examples, but the present invention should not be limited to these embodiments.

The melting and forming method for producing optical glass can be using well known to a person skilled in the art technologies.By glass original Expect the proportion weighing of (carbonate, nitrate, metaphosphate, fluoride, oxide etc.) according to each ion of glass with merging mixing Uniformly after, put into smelting apparatus in (such as platinum crucible), then taken at 1000~1350 DEG C it is appropriate stirring, clarification, homogenizing Afterwards, be cooled to 1150 DEG C hereinafter, casting or leakage note in molding die, post-processings such as last annealed, processing, or pass through The molding of precise compression molding technology direct pressing.

[optical glass embodiment]

The characteristic of each glass of the invention is measured by method as shown below, and measurement result is indicated in 1~table of table 4 In.

(1) refractive index nd and Abbe number ν d

Refractive index and abbe number are tested according to method as defined in GB/T7962.1-2010.

(2) glass coloration degree (λ₈₀、λ₅)

Use the glass sample with a thickness of 10 ± 0.1mm with two optical polish planes relative to each other, measurement point Light transmission is calculated according to its result.

(3) glass transformation temperature (Tg)

It is measured by method as defined in GB/T7962.16-2010.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

[gas preform embodiment]

The obtained optical glass of embodiment 1-40 in table 1-4 is cut into predefined size, then is equably applied on the surface Then cloth release agent is heated, softens, is press-formed, make recessed meniscus shaped lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, lenticular The prefabricated component of the various lens such as mirror, biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens, prism.

[optical element embodiment]

By obtained these prefabricated components annealing of above-mentioned gas preform embodiment, while reducing inside glass deformation It is finely adjusted, so that the optical characteristics such as refractive index reach desirable value.

Then, each prefabricated component is ground, ground, make recessed meniscus shaped lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, biconvex lens, The various lens such as biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens, prism.It can also Tu Bufang on the surface of obtained optical element Reflectance coating.

The present invention is the optical glass of inexpensive and excellent chemical stability high refractive low dispersive, and refractive index is The optical element that 1.71-1.78, Abbe number 52-58 and the glass are formed, can satisfy Modern New photovoltaic It needs.

Claims

1. optical glass, which is characterized in that its constituent indicates that wherein cation contains by weight percentage: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 But it is less than or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8-20%；La³⁺: 40-60%；Gd³⁺: 20-35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%；

Its anion contains F^-And O^2-, wherein F^-/O^2-For 0.15-0.55.

2. optical glass as described in claim 1, constituent indicate by weight percentage, cation also contains: Zn² ⁺: 0-8%；Zr⁴⁺: 0-8%；Al³⁺: 0-5%；Sb³⁺: 0-1%.

3. optical glass, which is characterized in that be made of fluoride and oxide, indicate by weight percentage, content of fluoride with The weight ratio of oxide content is 0.2-0.5, and cation contains: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 but be less than or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8- 20%；La³⁺: 40-60%；Gd³⁺: 20-35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%.

4. optical glass as claimed in claim 3, constituent indicate by weight percentage, cation also contains: Zn² ⁺: 0-8%；Zr⁴⁺: 0-8%；Al³⁺: 0-5%；Sb³⁺: 0-1%.

5. optical glass, which is characterized in that its constituent indicates by weight percentage, cationic are as follows: Si⁴⁺: greater than 0 but small In or equal to 6%；B³⁺: 8-20%；La³⁺: 40-60%；Gd³⁺: 20-35%；Y³⁺: 2-15%；Nb⁵⁺: 0-8%；Zn²⁺: 0- 8%；Zr⁴⁺: 0-8%；Al³⁺: 0-5%；Sb³⁺: 0-1%；

Its anion is by F^-And O^2-It constitutes, wherein F^-/O^2-For 0.15-0.55.

6. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that do not contain Li⁺；And/or it does not contain Na⁺；And/or K is not contained⁺；And/or Ba is not contained²⁺；And/or Sr is not contained²⁺；And/or Ca is not contained²⁺；And/or Mg is not contained² ⁺；And/or Ge is not contained⁴⁺。

7. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that wherein: Si⁴⁺: 0.5-5%；With/ Or B³⁺: 10-18%；And/or La³⁺: 43-58%；And/or Gd³⁺: 22-32%；And/or Y³⁺: 3-13%；And/or Nb⁵⁺: 0- 5%；And/or Zn²⁺: 0-5%；And/or Zr⁴⁺: 0-5%；And/or Al³⁺: 0-3%；And/or Sb³⁺: 0-0.5%.

8. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that wherein: Si⁴⁺: 1-4%；And/or B³⁺: 12-18%；And/or La³⁺: 45-54%；And/or Gd³⁺: 24-30%；And/or Y³⁺: 4-10%；And/or Nb⁵⁺: 0-3%； And/or Zn²⁺: 0-3%；And/or Zr⁴⁺: 0-3%；And/or Al³⁺: 0-2%.

9. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that its component ions content meets One or more of 5 kinds of conditions below:

1)Si⁴⁺/B³⁺For 0.02-0.6；

2)Y³⁺/(Si⁴⁺+B³⁺) it is 0.1-1；

3)Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺Below 1；

4)La³⁺+Gd³⁺+Y³⁺It is 70% or more；

5)F^-/O^2-For 0.2-0.5.

10. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that its component ions content is full Be enough one of lower 5 kinds of conditions or more than one:

1)Si⁴⁺/B³⁺For 0.05-0.5；

2)Y³⁺/(Si⁴⁺+B³⁺) it is 0.2-0.7；

3)Zn²⁺/Si⁴⁺Below 0.5；

4)La³⁺+Gd³⁺+Y³⁺It is 75% or more；

5)F^-/O^2-For 0.25-0.45.

11. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that its anion weight percent Contain: F^-: 15-35%, preferably F^-: 15-30%, more preferable F^-: 18-28%；And/or O^2-: 65-85%, preferably O^2-: 70- 85%, more preferable O^2-: 72-82%.

12. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that content of fluoride and oxide The weight ratio of content is 0.25-0.48, and the weight ratio of preferred fluorinated object content and oxide content is 0.3-0.45.

13. the optical glass as described in claim 1-5 any claim, which is characterized in that refractive index 1.71-1.78； Abbe number is 52-58；Transition temperature is 660 DEG C or less；Transmittance reaches corresponding wavelength X when 80%₈₀It is less than or equal to 400nm, transmittance reach corresponding wavelength X when 5%₅Less than or equal to 320nm.

14. gas preform is made of optical glass described in claim 1-13 any claim.

15. optical element is made of optical glass described in claim 1-13 any claim.