CN110247377B - Intelligent small-resistance grounding device for power distribution network and control method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent small-resistance grounding device for power distribution network and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110247377B CN110247377B CN201910365108.3A CN201910365108A CN110247377B CN 110247377 B CN110247377 B CN 110247377B CN 201910365108 A CN201910365108 A CN 201910365108A CN 110247377 B CN110247377 B CN 110247377B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
Abstract
The application discloses distribution network intelligence small resistance earthing device and control method thereof, earthing device includes low impedance transformer, rectifier unit, high frequency switch, current limiting resistor, current sensor, controller and voltage sensor. The equivalent resistance of the grounding device of the embodiment of the application is adjustable within a certain range, and the equivalent grounding resistance value can be dynamically adjusted by adjusting the access time of the resistance in a high-resistance grounding state, so that the purpose of selecting and disconnecting a fault line is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of single-phase earth fault processing of a power distribution network, in particular to an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of the power distribution network and a control method of the intelligent small-resistance grounding device.
Background
In a power distribution network system, single-phase earth faults account for the absolute majority of the total number of faults. When single-phase earth fault occurs, the small-resistance earthing system can quickly select an earthing line and disconnect a fault line, and personal safety is guaranteed. However, when a high-resistance grounding fault occurs, the high grounding transition resistance limits the fault current, the applicability of a small-resistance grounding system is affected, a fault line cannot be disconnected in time, and hidden dangers are brought to the safe operation of the system.
Therefore, how to improve the applicability of the low-resistance grounding system becomes a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an intelligent small-resistance grounding device for a power distribution network and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the applicability of a small-resistance grounding system in the prior art is affected.
In a first aspect, the application provides an intelligent small-resistance grounding device for a power distribution network, wherein the grounding device comprises a low-impedance transformer, a rectifying unit, a high-frequency switch, a current-limiting resistor, a current sensor, a controller and a voltage sensor;
the primary side of the low-impedance transformer is connected between the neutral point of the system and the ground;
the input end of the rectifying unit is connected with the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer, and the rectifying unit comprises a controllable rectifying unit, an uncontrollable rectifying unit and a full-wave rectifying unit;
the high-frequency switch and the current-limiting resistor are connected in series between a first output end and a second output end of the rectifying unit;
the current sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the system neutral point to ground current;
the voltage sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the voltage of the system neutral point;
the rectifying unit, the high-frequency switch, the current sensor and the voltage sensor are respectively connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the rated voltage of the primary side of the low-impedance transformer is 60% -100% of the rated voltage of the system, and the rated voltage of the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer 1 is 0.4kV-1 kV; the short-circuit impedance of the low impedance transformer 1 is 1% or less.
Further, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor is not more than 0.05 omega.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of a power distribution network, where the intelligent small-resistance grounding device of the power distribution network is used, and a rectifying unit is a controllable rectifying unit, and the control method includes:
when the system normally operates, the high-frequency switch is controlled to be in an off state, and the switching tube of the rectifying unit is controlled to be in an off state;
judging whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not according to the system neutral point voltage monitored by the voltage sensor;
if single-phase grounding occurs, controlling a rectification unit to carry out rectification output according to a preset trigger angle, and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch according to a preset frequency and a preset duty ratio;
judging whether the system neutral point ground current monitored by the current sensor is smaller than a preset current value or not;
if the current value is smaller than the preset current value, reducing the trigger angle of the rectifying unit; if the system neutral point to ground current monitored by the current sensor is still smaller than the preset current value after the trigger angle of the rectifying unit is reduced to zero, the duty ratio of the trigger signal of the high-frequency switch is increased until the duty ratio is 100% or the system neutral point to ground current is larger than or equal to the preset current value, and after the preset time is reached, the controller controls the high-frequency switch to be switched off and controls a rectifying device of the rectifying unit to be switched off.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of a power distribution network, where a rectifying unit is an uncontrollable rectifying unit, and the control method includes:
when the system normally operates, the high-frequency switch is controlled to be in an off state, and the switching tube of the rectifying unit is controlled to be in an off state;
judging whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not according to the system neutral point voltage monitored by the voltage sensor;
if single-phase grounding occurs, controlling the on-off of the high-frequency switch according to the preset frequency and the preset duty ratio;
judging whether the system neutral point ground current monitored by the current sensor is smaller than a preset current value or not;
if the current value is smaller than the preset current value, the duty ratio of the trigger signal of the high-frequency switch is increased until the duty ratio is 100% or the neutral point-to-ground current of the system is larger than or equal to the preset current value, and the controller controls the high-frequency switch to be switched off after the preset time is reached.
According to the embodiments, the intelligent small-resistance grounding device for the power distribution network and the control method thereof are provided, and the grounding device comprises a low-impedance transformer, a rectifying unit, a high-frequency switch, a current-limiting resistor, a current sensor, a controller and a voltage sensor; the primary side of the low-impedance transformer is connected between the neutral point of the system and the ground; the input end of the rectifying unit is connected with the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer, and the rectifying unit comprises a controllable rectifying unit, an uncontrollable rectifying unit and a full-wave rectifying unit; the high-frequency switch and the current-limiting resistor are connected in series between a first output end and a second output end of the rectifying unit; the current sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the system neutral point to ground current; the voltage sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the voltage of the system neutral point; the rectifying unit, the high-frequency switch, the current sensor and the voltage sensor are respectively connected with the controller. The equivalent resistance of the grounding device of the embodiment of the application is adjustable within a certain range, and the equivalent grounding resistance value can be dynamically adjusted by adjusting the access time of the resistance in a high-resistance grounding state, so that the purpose of selecting and disconnecting a fault line is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent small-resistance grounding device for a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of an intelligent small-resistance grounding device for a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of another intelligent small-resistance grounding device for a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present application.
Illustration of the drawings:
the device comprises a 1-low impedance transformer, a 2-rectifying unit, a 3-high frequency switch, a 4-current limiting resistor, a 5-current sensor, a 6-controller and a 7-voltage sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides an intelligent small-resistance grounding device for a power distribution network, which includes a low-impedance transformer 1, a rectifying unit 2, a high-frequency switch 3, a current-limiting resistor 4, a current sensor 5, a controller 6 and a voltage sensor 7;
the primary side of the low-impedance transformer 1 is connected between the neutral point of the system and the ground;
the input end of the rectifying unit 2 is connected to the secondary side of the low impedance transformer 1, and the rectifying unit comprises a controllable rectifying unit, an uncontrollable rectifying unit and a full-wave rectifying unit;
specifically, the controllable rectifying unit comprises a thyristor, a power transistor or a gate turn-off thyristor.
When the rectifying unit is a controllable rectifying unit, the equivalent resistance of the device between the system neutral point and the ground can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein: the equivalent resistance of the R-device between the system neutral point and the ground, k-the transformation ratio of the low-impedance transformer, m-the duty ratio of the high-frequency switch trigger signal and alpha-the trigger angle of the rectifying unit.
When the rectifying unit is an uncontrollable rectifying unit, the equivalent resistance of the device between the system neutral point and the ground can be calculated by the following formula:
R＝k2mRL
wherein: r-equivalent resistance between system neutral point and ground, k-transformation ratio of the low impedance transformer, and m-duty ratio of high frequency switch trigger signal.
The high-frequency switch 3 and the current-limiting resistor 4 are connected in series between a first output end and a second output end of the rectifying unit;
the current sensor 5 is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the system neutral point to ground current;
the voltage sensor 7 is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the voltage of the system neutral point;
the rectifying unit 2, the high-frequency switch 3, the current sensor 5 and the voltage sensor 7 are respectively connected with the controller 6.
Furthermore, the rated voltage of the primary side of the low-impedance transformer 1 is 60% -100% of the rated voltage of the system, and the rated voltage of the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer 1 is 0.4kV-1 kV; the short-circuit impedance of the low impedance transformer 1 is 1% or less.
Further, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor 4 is not more than 0.05 Ω;
the application provides a control method for an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of a power distribution network, which is used for the intelligent small-resistance grounding device of the power distribution network, a rectifying unit is a controllable rectifying unit, please refer to fig. 2, and the control method comprises the following steps:
step S101, when the system normally runs, controlling a high-frequency switch to be in a disconnected state, and controlling a switching tube of a rectifying unit to be in a disconnected state;
step S102, judging whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not according to the system neutral point voltage monitored by the voltage sensor;
step S103, if single-phase grounding occurs, controlling a rectification unit to perform rectification output according to a preset trigger angle, and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch according to a preset frequency and a preset duty ratio;
specifically, the preset trigger angle is zero, the preset frequency is 5kHz to 20kHz, and the preset duty cycle is 0 to 100%.
Step S104, judging whether the system neutral point ground current monitored by the current sensor is smaller than a preset current value;
specifically, the preset current value is 1.5 to 2 times of the capacitance current value of the system.
S105, if the current value is smaller than a preset current value, reducing the trigger angle of the rectifying unit; if the system neutral point to ground current monitored by the current sensor is still smaller than the preset current value after the trigger angle of the rectifying unit is reduced to zero, the duty ratio of the trigger signal of the high-frequency switch is increased until the duty ratio is 100% or the system neutral point to ground current is larger than or equal to the preset current value, and after the preset time is reached, the controller controls the high-frequency switch to be switched off and controls a rectifying device of the rectifying unit to be switched off.
Specifically, the preset time is 8s-10 s.
The application provides a control method for an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of a power distribution network, which is used for the intelligent small-resistance grounding device of the power distribution network, a rectifying unit is an uncontrollable rectifying unit, please refer to fig. 3, and the control method comprises the following steps:
step S201, when the system normally runs, the high-frequency switch is controlled to be in a disconnected state, and a switching tube of the rectifying unit is controlled to be in a disconnected state;
step S202, judging whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not according to the system neutral point voltage monitored by the voltage sensor;
step S203, if single-phase grounding occurs, controlling the on-off of the high-frequency switch according to a preset frequency and a preset duty ratio;
step S204, judging whether the system neutral point ground current monitored by the current sensor is smaller than a preset current value;
and S205, if the current value is smaller than the preset current value, increasing the duty ratio of the trigger signal of the high-frequency switch until the duty ratio is 100% or the point-to-ground current of the neutral point of the system is larger than or equal to the preset current value, and controlling the high-frequency switch to be switched off by the controller after the preset time is reached.
According to the embodiments, the application provides the intelligent small-resistance grounding device for the power distribution network and the control method thereof, wherein the grounding device comprises a low-impedance transformer, a rectifying unit, a high-frequency switch, a current-limiting resistor, a current sensor, a controller and a voltage sensor; the primary side of the low-impedance transformer is connected between the neutral point of the system and the ground; the input end of the rectifying unit is connected with the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer, and the rectifying unit comprises a controllable rectifying unit, an uncontrollable rectifying unit and a full-wave rectifying unit; the high-frequency switch and the current-limiting resistor are connected in series between a first output end and a second output end of the rectifying unit; the current sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the system neutral point to ground current; the voltage sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the voltage of the system neutral point; the rectifying unit, the high-frequency switch, the current sensor and the voltage sensor are respectively connected with the controller. The equivalent resistance of the grounding device of the embodiment of the application is adjustable within a certain range, and the equivalent grounding resistance value can be dynamically adjusted by adjusting the access time of the resistance in a high-resistance grounding state, so that the purpose of selecting and disconnecting a fault line is achieved.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The intelligent small-resistance grounding device for the power distribution network is characterized by comprising a low-impedance transformer, a rectifying unit, a high-frequency switch, a current-limiting resistor, a current sensor, a controller and a voltage sensor;
the primary side of the low-impedance transformer is connected between the neutral point of the system and the ground;
the input end of the rectifying unit is connected with the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer, and the rectifying unit comprises a controllable rectifying unit, an uncontrollable rectifying unit and a full-wave rectifying unit;
the high-frequency switch and the current-limiting resistor are connected in series between a first output end and a second output end of the rectifying unit;
the current sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the system neutral point to ground current;
the voltage sensor is arranged on a system neutral point to monitor the voltage of the system neutral point;
the rectifying unit, the high-frequency switch, the current sensor and the voltage sensor are respectively connected with the controller.
2. The intelligent small-resistance grounding device for the power distribution network of claim 1, wherein the rated voltage of the primary side of the low-impedance transformer is 60% -100% of the nominal voltage of the system, and the rated voltage of the secondary side of the low-impedance transformer is 0.4kV-1 kV; the short-circuit impedance of the low-impedance transformer is below 1%.
3. The intelligent small-resistor grounding device for the power distribution network of claim 1, wherein the resistance of the current-limiting resistor is not more than 0.05 Ω.
4. A control method for an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of a power distribution network, which is used for the grounding device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rectifying unit is a controllable rectifying unit, and the control method comprises the following steps:
when the system normally operates, the high-frequency switch is controlled to be in an off state, and the switching tube of the rectifying unit is controlled to be in an off state;
judging whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not according to the system neutral point voltage monitored by the voltage sensor;
if single-phase grounding occurs, controlling a rectification unit to carry out rectification output according to a preset trigger angle, and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch according to a preset frequency and a preset duty ratio;
judging whether the system neutral point ground current monitored by the current sensor is smaller than a preset current value or not;
if the current value is smaller than the preset current value, reducing the trigger angle of the rectifying unit; if the current at the system neutral point-to-ground current connection position monitored by the current sensor is still smaller than a preset current value after the trigger angle of the rectifying unit is reduced to zero, the duty ratio of the trigger signal of the high-frequency switch is increased until the duty ratio is 100% or the system neutral point-to-ground current is larger than or equal to the preset current value, and after the preset time is reached, the controller controls the high-frequency switch to be switched off and controls a rectifying device of the rectifying unit to be switched off.
5. A control method for an intelligent small-resistance grounding device of a power distribution network, which is used for the grounding device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rectifying unit is an uncontrollable rectifying unit, and the control method comprises the following steps:
when the system normally operates, the high-frequency switch is controlled to be in an off state, and the switching tube of the rectifying unit is controlled to be in an off state;
judging whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not according to the system neutral point voltage monitored by the voltage sensor;
if single-phase grounding occurs, controlling the on-off of the high-frequency switch according to the preset frequency and the preset duty ratio;
judging whether the system neutral point ground current monitored by the current sensor is smaller than a preset current value or not;
if the current value is smaller than the preset current value, the duty ratio of the trigger signal of the high-frequency switch is increased until the duty ratio is 100% or the neutral point-to-ground current of the system is larger than or equal to the preset current value, and the controller controls the high-frequency switch to be switched off after the preset time is reached.
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