CN110244359A - A kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy - Google Patents
A kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
A kind of a kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy, it is desirable to provide reservoir prediction technique for accurately portraying anomalous body boundary.Steps are as follows: 1. calculate total earthquake number of slices, and count divided by time sampling in layer, according in result quotient and remainder determine that each road particular sample of the corresponding seismic slice cardinal sum of each sampled point is counted；2. the position for the odd even and interval central sampling point counted using time sampling points in layer and particular sample determines the distribution of each road particular sample point；3. combining the result of step 2. to extract seismic slice in 3D seismic data using stratum top, bottom interface time horizon position, its edge attributes is calculated using the edge detecting technology based on wavelet transformation；4. calculating the average value of the edge attributes value of the corresponding seismic slice of time sampling point in each layer；5. building 3-D seismics edge attributes body is simultaneously shown at figure.The detection accuracy that the present invention improves the boundary of anomalous body by improving seismic slice extractive technique.
Description
Technical field
It is that one kind is based on poststack dimensionally the present invention relates to the anomalous body edge detection problem in oil gas geophysics field
The anomalous body boundary depicting method for shaking data, for providing a kind of analysis for accurately identifying anomalous body boundary on section and plane
Technology.
Background technique
Edge detecting technology be widely used in seismic data interpretation work in, mainly in reservoir it is small fracture, crack with
And the boundary of the geological anomalous bodies such as sand body is identified.Many scholars are that the precision for the edge detection for improving seismic image carries out
A large amount of Research on Methods, such as He Zhenhua, Huang defend east (1999) and introduce canny edge detection criterion, are with multi-scale wavelet function
The cross directional variations of detective operators detection underground medium；Xu Huiqun, Gui Zhixian (2009) are using edge detecting technology to seismic properties
It is handled, determines the position and its boundary of sand body；Meng Fanbin, Liu Peng (2013) are by inclination angle detection technology and edge detecting technology
In conjunction with accurately identifying the craven fault and its expanded range in coal seam；Lee's red magnitude (2015) become based on broad sense Hilbert
The edge detection method research changed, and carry out the prediction of the fracture-vug zone distribution characteristics in subsurface structure crack, corrosion cavity.On
It states method and mainly improves the inspection of seismic image edge by the way that edge detection algorithm and other Discussion of Earthquake Attribute Technology to be combined
The precision of survey.
3D data volume is using time or space interface as reference standard, and the plane or curved surface extracted by some direction is referred to as
Shake slice, claims dropping cut slice by the slice of seismic time, generally includes horizon slice etc. by geochronic layer bit space.Earthquake
The edge detection of image is mainly to carry out at two-dimensional space (plane or section), is based on poststack 3-D seismics under normal circumstances
Data, extract a series of seismic slices and all seismic slices are parallel to each other, then calculate ground using edge detection algorithm
The edge attributes for shaking sectioning image, finally merge the corresponding edge attributes data of all seismic slices, obtain research layer
The edge attributes body of section is to carry out subsequent research work.Actual stratum is due to undergoing the slacking before burying, degrading work
With equal and tectonic movement after burying etc., stratum time thickness is variation on region, this also results in stratum top circle
Face and bottom interface are not parallel, so can extract the research interval comprising target zone generally when carrying out edge detection
And its time, there are some with a thickness of a constant, thus in the obtained seismic slice of the extracting method based on conventional seismic slice
The information that the image of slice is included is not all of reflection stratum inner structural features, the ground that obtained edge attributes are characterized
Matter anomalous body boundary is inaccurate.The extracting method of conventional seismic slice is improved, with stratum top, the time horizon position of bottom interface
Research interval is extracted, realization extracts seismic slice in the stratum of thickness change, so that the image information in all seismic slices
All it is reflection stratum internal feature, and then improves the precision of edge detection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide it is a kind of based on the anomalous body edge detection calculation method for improving earthquake microtomy, mainly
By analyzing in total earthquake number of sections and each earthquake channel layer the relationship (including top, bottom interface) between time sampling point quantity,
Calculate the quantity of the corresponding seismic slice of time sampling point in each layer；It is based on poststack 3-d seismic data set again, in conjunction with stratum
It pushes up, the time horizon position data of bottom interface, realizes a series of seismic slices of stratum internal extraction in thickness change, using based on small
The edge attributes data of each seismic slice are calculated in the edge detection algorithm of wave conversion；Finally utilize the edge of each seismic slice
Attribute data calculates the edge attributes value inside stratum at each sampled point, i.e. edge attributes value inside stratum at each sampled point
For the average of the edge attributes value of the corresponding all seismic slices of the sampled point.
Specific steps of the invention include:
(1) using stratum top, the bottom interface time horizon position after interpolated smoothing processing calculate stratum at each seismic channel when
Between thickness in conjunction with sample rates values calculate at each seismic channel in layer time sampling points (comprising top, bottom interface), and carry out downward
Rounding processing, and total seismic slice number that the maximum value that time sampling is counted in layer as needs to extract, are denoted as N；
(2) it is counted with total earthquake number of slices N divided by time sampling in each earthquake channel layer, the quotient in calculated result indicates each
The radix of the corresponding seismic slice number of time sampling point in earthquake channel layer, i.e., time sampling point at least can in each each layer of seismic channel
The quantity of corresponding seismic slice；Remainder in calculated result then indicates at most existing in time sampling point in each earthquake channel layer
Corresponding earthquake number of slices is greater than the quantity of the sampled point of radix, these class sampled points are known as particular sample point, that is, set certain earthquake
Time sampling points are n in channel layer, and with total earthquake number of slices N divided by n, quotient is λ in calculated result, and remainder isThe then ground
At least corresponding seismic slice number of time sampling point is λ in each layer in shake road, and in n time sampling point, at most existThe corresponding seismic slice number of a sampled point is greater than λ's；
(3) it is counted according to time sampling points n and particular sample in certain earthquake channel layerOdd even and interval central sampling point
Position, determine the distribution of particular sample point in time sampling point in the earthquake channel layer；
(4) using stratum top, the time horizon position data of bottom interface, in conjunction with the result and sample rates values of step (2) (3),
Seismic slice is extracted in poststack 3-d seismic data set, and each earthquake is calculated using the edge detecting technology based on wavelet transformation
The edge attributes data of slice；
(5) average for calculating the edge attributes value of the corresponding all seismic slices of time sampling point in each layer, obtains
The edge attributes value of time sampling point in each layer；
(6) it is based on the calculated result of step (5), constructs 3-D seismics edge attributes volume data, and carry out section and plane
On shown at figure, obtain the testing result on anomalous geologic body boundary.
The present invention is a kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on seismic slice technology, has following features, main
It shows themselves in that
(1) the time thickness based on stratum calculates interior layer by layer (comprising top, bottom circle at each seismic channel in conjunction with sample rates values
Face) time sampling point quantity, and maximum value is sought, the total earthquake number of sections for needing to extract can be quickly determined, so that extracting
Seismic slice can include entire interval of interest internal information；
(2) quotient and remaining in the result counted according to total earthquake number of slices divided by time sampling in the layer of each seismic channel
Number, obtains seismic slice quantity corresponding to each sampled point of each seismic channel, is different from a time sampling point and only corresponds to one
The common seismic for opening seismic slice is sliced extracting method, i.e. a time sampling point can correspond to multiple seismic slices, realizes and exists
The different stratum internal extraction seismic slice of thickness distribution；
(3) according to the odd even and interval central sampling point of time sampling points in each earthquake channel layer and particular sample points
Position determines the distribution of particular sample point in time sampling point in each earthquake channel layer, can make the seismic slice extracted
The construction feature reflected it is consistent with interval of interest fluctuating distribution characteristics；
(4) the edge attributes value of time sampling point is that the corresponding all earthquakes of the sampled point are cut in each layer of each seismic channel
The average of the edge attributes value of piece can make anomalous geologic body edge detection results in interval more accurate.
Specific embodiment
A kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy, specific implementation step are as follows:
(1) seismic slice on stratum top, bottom interface time horizon interdigit is extracted
Step 1: using Kriging technique to stratum top, bottom interface time horizon position carry out interpolation processing, then to after interpolation when
Interbed position carries out smothing filtering；
Step 2: subtracting bottom interface time horizon position with top interface time horizon position and obtain the time thickness on stratum, using formula
(1) time sampling points in each earthquake channel layer are calculated, and maximum value is the total earthquake number of slices that will be extracted:
In formula: niFor (including top, bottom interface) time sampling points in i-th layer；ttop,iBoundary is pushed up for i-th stratum
Face time horizon place value；tdown,iFor i-th Bottom surfaces of strata time horizon place value；Dt is sample rate；N is total earthquake number of slices；For downward rounding operation symbol；
Step 3: calculate the corresponding seismic slice quantity of time sampling point in each layer of each seismic channel:
1. judging time sampling points n in earthquake channel layeriOdd even, and calculate seismic slice sum N divided by each channel layer
Time sampling points niRemainder mi, while judging remainder miOdd even；
2. working as niAnd miWhen being odd number or when being even number, time sampling point in i-th each layer is calculated using formula (2)
Corresponding seismic slice number kij:
3. working as niFor odd number, miWhen for even number, the corresponding earthquake of time sampling point in i-th each layer is calculated using formula (3)
Number of slices kij:
5. working as niFor even number, miWhen for odd number, the corresponding earthquake of time sampling point in i-th each layer is calculated using formula (4)
Number of slices kij:
Step 4: using stratum top, bottom interface time horizon position data, each layer of each seismic channel being calculated in conjunction with step 3
The corresponding seismic slice quantity of interior time sampling point, is based on poststack 3D seismic data, is extracted using formula (5) a series of continuous
Seismic slice:
In formula: j-th of sampled point that j is i-th；kipFor the corresponding seismic slice quantity of i-th p-th sampled point；Asi
For s data of the seismic slice at i-th；aiqFor the data of i-th q-th of sampled point in 3D seismic data；t0
For the initial time of 3D seismic data.
(2) the edge attributes value of each time sampling point in stratigraphic interval is calculated
Step 1: each seismic slice being handled using the edge detection algorithm based on wavelet transformation, obtains its edge
Detect attribute data；
Step 2: the edge attributes value of the corresponding all seismic slices of time sampling point in each layer is calculated using formula (7)
Average, obtain the edge attributes value of time sampling point in each layer:
In formula:For the edge attributes value of time sampling point in j-th layer of i-th；QsiFor in s seismic slices
I-th edge attributes value；kijFor the corresponding seismic slice number of time sampling point in j-th layer of i-th.
(3) three-dimensional edges attribute volume data is constructed
Step 1: the value of each sampled point in 3-d seismic data set is assigned zero；
Step 2: minute of the time sampling point in 3D seismic data middle layer is determined using stratum top, bottom interface time horizon position
Cloth；
Step 3: based on initial position of the stratum in 3D seismic data in the time sampling point of each seismic channel and knot
Beam position carries out assignment processing to the time sampling point in range, and assigned value is in the stratigraphic interval obtained through step (2) processing
The edge attributes value of each time sampling point；
The calculation formula that three-dimensional edges detect the edge attributes value of each time sampling point in volume data is as follows:
In formula: aiλFor the value of i-th the λ time sampling point in 3D seismic data；For in j-th layer of i-th
The edge attributes value of time sampling point；ttop,iInterface time horizon place value is pushed up for i-th stratum；tdown,iFor i-th stratum bottom
Interface time horizon place value；t0And tmaxThe respectively initial time of 3D seismic data and end time；
Step 4: showing on section and plane at figure being carried out to three-dimensional edges attribute volume data, carries out anomalous geologic body side
The delineation on boundary.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of based on the anomalous body edge detection calculation method for improving earthquake microtomy, it is characterised in that using a kind of completely new
Method, such as following steps:
(1) time for calculating stratum at each seismic channel using stratum top, the bottom interface time horizon position after interpolated smoothing processing is thick
Degree calculates in each earthquake channel layer the time sampling points (comprising top, bottom interface), and carry out at downward rounding in conjunction with sample rates values
Reason, and maximum value is the total seismic slice number for needing to extract；
(2) it is counted with total earthquake number of slices divided by time sampling in each earthquake channel layer, the quotient in calculated result indicates each earthquake
The radix of the corresponding seismic slice number of time sampling point in channel layer, i.e., time sampling point can at least correspond in each each layer of seismic channel
Seismic slice quantity；Remainder in calculated result then indicates at most existing corresponding in time sampling point in each earthquake channel layer
Seismic slice number is greater than the quantity of the sampled point of radix, these class sampled points is known as particular sample point, according to each earthquake channel layer
Interior time sampling points and it includes particular sample points odd even and interval central sampling point position, determine each seismic channel
In layer in time sampling point particular sample point distribution；
(3) using stratum top, the time horizon position data of bottom interface, in conjunction with the result and sample rates values of step (2), in poststack three-dimensional
Seismic slice is extracted in seismic data cube, and the side of each seismic slice is calculated using the edge detecting technology based on wavelet transformation
Edge attribute data；
(4) the edge attributes value of time sampling point in each each layer of seismic channel, i.e., each each layer of seismic channel are calculated using formula (1)
The edge attributes value of interior time sampling point is the average of the edge attributes value of the corresponding all seismic slices of the sampled point:
In formula:For the edge attributes value of time sampling point in j-th layer of i-th；QsiFor in s slices i-th side
Edge attribute value；kijFor the corresponding seismic slice quantity of time sampling point in j-th layer of i-th；
(5) construct 3-D seismics edge attributes volume data, to three-dimensional edges attribute volume data carry out in section and plane at figure
It has been shown that, portrays anomalous geologic body boundary.
2. a kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the time thickness based on stratum simultaneously combines sample rates values, calculates interior layer by layer (comprising top, bottom circle at each seismic channel
Face) time sampling point quantity, and maximum value is to need the quantity of the seismic slice extracted；Further according to total earthquake number of slices divided by each
The quotient and remainder in result that time sampling is counted in the layer of seismic channel, determine the corresponding seismic slice of time sampling point in layer
The quantity of several cardinal sum particular sample points, obtains seismic slice quantity corresponding to each sampled point of each seismic channel, realizes
It in the stratum internal extraction seismic slice of thickness change, i.e., is one when extracting seismic slice at maximum stratum time thickness
Time sampling point corresponds to a seismic slice, and then there is time sampling point in a layer in stratum thin location and correspond to multiple earthquakes
The case where slice, the information that the image of all seismic slices can be made to be included are reflection stratum internal feature.
3. a kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: according to the position of odd even and interval central sampling point that time sampling points in each earthquake channel layer and particular sample are counted
It sets, determines the distribution of particular sample point in time sampling point in each earthquake channel layer, the seismic slice extracted can be made
The construction feature reflected is consistent with interval of interest fluctuating distribution characteristics.
4. a kind of anomalous body edge detection calculation method based on improvement earthquake microtomy according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the edge attributes value of time sampling point is the corresponding all seismic slices of the sampled point in each layer of each seismic channel
Edge attributes value average, geological anomalous body boundary can be made to portray result in interval more accurate.Each seismic channel
The edge attributes value of time sampling point is calculated using formula (1) in each layer.
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