CN110237637A - A composite dust collector for a fluidized dryer and its control system - Google Patents
A composite dust collector for a fluidized dryer and its control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种流化干燥机用复合式除尘器及其控制系统,包括旋风除尘装置、滤袋除尘装置、清灰装置、气陀螺除尘装置、筒体及引风装置,筒体设有进气口和出气口,筒体的进气口设置在筒体下方,筒体出气口设置在筒体上方,旋风除尘装置、滤袋除尘装置及清灰装置设置在筒体内,气陀螺除尘装置设置在筒体左边且与进气口相连,引风装置设置在筒体右边且与出气口相连,气陀螺除尘装置包括电机、加速盘、叶片、导流管、气陀螺及集尘筒,电机设置在加速盘与叶片之间且相连,导流管将加速盘和筒体进气口相连,气陀螺设置在导流管内。该发明除尘效率好、使用寿命长、抵抗风量波动强且安全性能高。
The invention discloses a composite dust collector for a fluidized dryer and a control system thereof, comprising a cyclone dust removal device, a filter bag dust removal device, a dust removal device, an air gyro dust removal device, a cylinder body and an air induction device, and the cylinder body is provided with Air inlet and air outlet, the air inlet of the cylinder is set at the bottom of the cylinder, the air outlet of the cylinder is set above the cylinder, the cyclone dust removal device, the filter bag dust removal device and the dust removal device are arranged in the cylinder, and the air gyro dust removal device It is installed on the left side of the cylinder and connected to the air inlet, and the air induction device is installed on the right side of the cylinder and connected to the air outlet. The air gyro dust removal device includes a motor, an acceleration disc, blades, a guide tube, an air gyro and a dust collection cylinder, and the motor The air gyroscope is arranged and connected between the accelerator disc and the blades, the guide tube connects the accelerator disc with the air inlet of the barrel, and the air gyroscope is arranged in the guide tube. The invention has good dust removal efficiency, long service life, strong resistance to air volume fluctuation and high safety performance.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及环保设备技术领域,具体涉及一种流化干燥机用复合式除尘器及其控制系统。The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a composite dust collector for a fluidized dryer and a control system thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着生活质量的提高,公众对空气质量的要求也越来越高,然而在各行各业工业化的情况下,冶金、建材、化工等行业每年都会产生大量的粉尘,对人体健康、空气质量和生态环境都造成了严重的影响。尤其是制药化工行业产生的粉尘,对人体健康危害极大。With the improvement of the quality of life, the public has higher and higher requirements for air quality. However, under the industrialization of various industries, metallurgy, building materials, chemical industries and other industries will produce a large amount of dust every year, which is harmful to human health, air quality and The ecological environment has caused serious impact. Especially the dust produced by the pharmaceutical and chemical industry is extremely harmful to human health.
流化干燥机用于制药行业,粉尘颗粒具有一定的药性,因此不能采用湿式除尘器;它所含粉尘粒径范围大,要求除尘系统具有良好的对微小粉尘的分离性能力,而普通除尘设备分离效率较差,达不到要求;而且该机生产时风量波动较大,因此要求除尘系统抵抗风量波动的能力较强。The fluidized dryer is used in the pharmaceutical industry, and the dust particles have certain medicinal properties, so the wet dust collector cannot be used; the dust particle size range it contains is large, and the dust removal system is required to have good separation ability for tiny dust, while ordinary dust removal equipment The separation efficiency is poor and cannot meet the requirements; and the air volume fluctuates greatly during production, so the dust removal system is required to have a strong ability to resist air volume fluctuations.
传统的流化干燥机常用除尘器多为袋式除尘器和旋风除尘器。The traditional fluidized dryer commonly used dust collectors are mostly bag filter and cyclone dust collector.
旋风除尘器是利用离心力从含尘气流中除去粉尘颗粒,这种除尘器结构简单、造价便宜、工作稳定,但对10μm以下粒径的粉尘清除效果较差;同时密封性对其影响较大,有数据表明,当旋风除尘器漏风10~15%时除尘效率将为0。The cyclone dust collector uses centrifugal force to remove dust particles from the dust-laden airflow. This dust collector has a simple structure, low cost, and stable work, but it has poor removal effect on dust with a particle size below 10 μm; at the same time, the sealing effect has a greater impact on it. Some data show that when the air leakage of the cyclone dust collector is 10-15%, the dust removal efficiency will be 0.
袋式除尘器是目前广为使用的一种除尘器,其工作原理是采用玻璃纤维等材质制成的滤袋,利用纤维织物的筛滤作用、惯性碰撞作用和扩散作用等实现气固分离。然而,当粉尘的处理量较大时,滤袋上附着的粉尘颗粒堆积过多,滤袋两侧的压力差和阻力增大。当滤料两侧的压力达到一定的值时,已经依附在滤料上的小颗粒粉尘可能会被挤压过去然后排入大气,使除尘效率大大降低,且降低了滤袋的使用寿命。在除尘器运行期间即使有一个布袋破裂,都可能导致排灰浓度迅速升高,且气流通过滤袋上很小的破洞还会导致该滤袋及周围邻近滤袋的快速破坏,引起爆炸甚至造成灾难性损失。The bag filter is a widely used dust collector at present. Its working principle is to use a filter bag made of glass fiber and other materials, and use the sieving effect of the fiber fabric, the inertial collision effect and the diffusion effect to achieve gas-solid separation. However, when the dust processing capacity is large, the dust particles attached to the filter bag accumulate too much, and the pressure difference and resistance on both sides of the filter bag increase. When the pressure on both sides of the filter material reaches a certain value, the small particles of dust attached to the filter material may be squeezed out and then discharged into the atmosphere, which greatly reduces the dust removal efficiency and reduces the service life of the filter bag. Even if a bag is broken during the operation of the dust collector, it may lead to a rapid increase in the concentration of ash discharge, and the airflow through a small hole in the filter bag will also cause rapid damage to the filter bag and the surrounding adjacent filter bags, causing an explosion or even cause catastrophic losses.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的缺点和不足,而提供一种流化干燥机用复合式除尘器。本发明除尘效率好、使用寿命长、抵抗风量波动强且安全性能高。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compound dust collector for fluidized dryers in order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art. The invention has good dust removal efficiency, long service life, strong resistance to air volume fluctuation and high safety performance.
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案:一种流化干燥机用复合式除尘器,包括旋风除尘装置、滤袋除尘装置、清灰装置及引风装置,还包括气陀螺除尘装置和筒体,所述的筒体设有进气口和出气口,所述的筒体的进气口设置在筒体下方,所述的筒体出气口设置在筒体上方,所述的旋风除尘装置、滤袋除尘装置及清灰装置设置在筒体内,所述的气陀螺除尘装置设置在筒体左边且与进气口相连,所述的引风装置设置在筒体右边且与出气口相连,所述的气陀螺除尘装置包括电机、加速盘、叶片、导流管、气陀螺及集尘筒,所述的电机设置在加速盘后面并与叶片连接在一起,所述的导流管将加速盘和筒体进气口相连,所述的气陀螺设置在导流管内。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a composite dust collector for a fluidized dryer, including a cyclone dust removal device, a filter bag dust removal device, a dust removal device and an air induction device, and also includes a gas gyro dust removal device and a cylinder , the cylinder is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet of the cylinder is arranged below the cylinder, the air outlet of the cylinder is arranged above the cylinder, the cyclone dust removal device, The filter bag dust removal device and the dust removal device are arranged in the cylinder body, the air gyro dust removal device is arranged on the left side of the cylinder body and is connected with the air inlet, and the described air induction device is arranged on the right side of the cylinder body and is connected with the air outlet. The air gyro dedusting device includes a motor, an acceleration disc, blades, a guide pipe, an air gyro and a dust collection tube, the motor is arranged behind the acceleration disc and connected with the blades, and the guide tube connects the acceleration disc It is connected with the air inlet of the barrel, and the air gyroscope is arranged in the draft tube.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明采用新型气陀螺除尘装置与传统的旋风除尘和袋式除尘结合,集合了传统除尘器的优点并避免了部分缺点。含尘气流首先经过气陀螺除尘装置,在气陀螺的导流作用下减少了气流的湍流现象,夹杂在气流中的微小粉尘颗粒大部分会脱离气流随着大粉尘颗粒的离心运动一起掉入集尘桶。随后未除尽粉尘颗粒在旋风除尘装置中通过离心力作用进一步过滤残余10μm以上的大颗粒粉尘,并使气流温度降低从而减少滤袋的损坏,有效延长了滤袋除尘装置的清灰周期和滤袋使用寿命。By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention adopts the combination of the new gas gyro dust removal device with the traditional cyclone dust removal and bag dust removal, which integrates the advantages of the traditional dust collector and avoids some disadvantages. The dust-laden airflow first passes through the air gyro dust removal device, and the turbulence of the airflow is reduced under the diversion of the air gyro. Most of the tiny dust particles mixed in the airflow will leave the airflow and fall into the collection together with the centrifugal movement of the large dust particles. dust bucket. Afterwards, the unremoved dust particles are further filtered by the centrifugal force in the cyclone dust removal device to further filter the remaining large particles of dust above 10 μm, and the temperature of the airflow is lowered to reduce the damage of the filter bag, which effectively prolongs the cleaning period of the filter bag dust removal device and the filter bag. service life.
本发明的技术方案:所述的旋风除尘装置包括旋风分离器、内锥体、灰斗和集尘筒,所述的内锥筒设置在滤袋除尘装置下方的筒体进气口处,所述的旋风分离器、内锥体设置在灰斗内,所述的集尘桶设置在灰斗下方。Technical solution of the present invention: the cyclone dust removal device includes a cyclone separator, an inner cone, an ash hopper and a dust collection cylinder, and the inner cone cylinder is arranged at the air inlet of the cylinder below the filter bag dust removal device. The cyclone separator and the inner cone are arranged in the ash hopper, and the dust collecting barrel is arranged under the ash hopper.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明未除尽的粉尘颗粒在旋风除尘装置中通过离心力作用进一步过滤残余10μm以上的大颗粒粉尘,并使气流温度降低。By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the dust particles that have not been completely removed in the cyclone dust removal device of the present invention further filter the residual large-grained dust of more than 10 μm through the action of centrifugal force, and reduce the temperature of the airflow.
本发明的技术方案:所述的滤袋除尘装置包括花板、滤袋及笼架,所述的花板固定在筒体上,所述的滤袋与笼架设置在花板上。The technical solution of the present invention: the filter bag dedusting device includes a flower plate, a filter bag and a cage frame, the flower plate is fixed on the cylinder body, and the filter bag and the cage frame are arranged on the flower plate.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明滤袋除尘装置进一步除去空气中的粉尘。By adopting the above technical solution, the filter bag dust removal device of the present invention further removes dust in the air.
本发明的技术方案:所述的清灰装置包括文丘里管、脉冲喷吹装置及电磁脉冲阀,所述的文丘里管设置在笼架上端,所述的脉冲喷吹装置设置在筒体上方,所述的电磁脉冲阀设置在脉冲喷吹装置底部。Technical solution of the present invention: the dust cleaning device includes a venturi tube, a pulse injection device and an electromagnetic pulse valve, the venturi tube is arranged at the upper end of the cage, and the pulse injection device is arranged above the cylinder , the electromagnetic pulse valve is arranged at the bottom of the pulse injection device.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明在需要进行清灰处理时,电磁脉冲阀开启阀门,脉冲喷吹装置的稳压气包中的压缩空气进入喷吹管,并由喷孔喷向滤袋的袋口,当高速压缩空气由此流过时,产生一定负压,使袋口附近的洁净气体随着进入滤袋,造成滤袋急剧向外膨胀和冲击振动,从而使积附在滤袋表面的粉尘脱落。By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the electromagnetic pulse valve opens the valve when the dust removal process is required, and the compressed air in the pressure-stabilizing air bag of the pulse injection device enters the injection pipe, and is sprayed to the mouth of the filter bag by the nozzle hole. When the high-speed compressed air flows through it, a certain negative pressure is generated, so that the clean gas near the bag mouth enters the filter bag, causing the filter bag to expand rapidly outward and impact vibration, so that the dust accumulated on the surface of the filter bag falls off .
本发明的技术方案:所述的引风装置包括引风机和排气管,所述的排气管包括风机进风口,所述的排气管左接筒体出气口且右接引风机进风口。Technical solution of the present invention: the air induction device includes an induced fan and an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe includes an air inlet of the fan, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the cylinder air outlet on the left and the air inlet of the induced fan on the right .
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的引风装置将过滤后符合空气标准的空气释放。By adopting the above technical solution, the air induction device of the present invention releases the filtered air that meets the air standard.
本发明的技术方案:所述的内锥筒为喇叭状,所述的喇叭状包括扩口部,所述的扩口部设有滤网。The technical solution of the present invention: the inner cone is in the shape of a horn, the horn shape includes a flared portion, and the flared portion is provided with a filter screen.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的滤网过滤掉含尘气流中的部分粉尘颗粒并降低进入滤袋除尘装置的压力,延长了滤袋的使用寿命。By adopting the above technical solution, the filter screen of the present invention filters out part of the dust particles in the dust-laden airflow and reduces the pressure entering the filter bag dust removal device, prolonging the service life of the filter bag.
本发明的技术方案:所述的扩口部与滤袋除尘装置底部相连接,所述的缩口部与旋风分离器相连,所述的旋风分离器为上下开口的筒状,所述的滤袋除尘装置与旋风除尘装置处于同一中轴线上。The technical solution of the present invention: the flared part is connected to the bottom of the filter bag dust removal device, the necked part is connected to the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is cylindrical with upper and lower openings, and the filter The bag dust removal device and the cyclone dust removal device are on the same central axis.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的旋风除尘装置安装在筒体进气口处,且内锥体呈现喇叭状,当气流经过旋风分离器时,气流将由直线运动变为圆周运动。旋转气流的绝大部分沿器壁自圆筒体呈螺旋形向下,朝锥体流动。通常称此为外旋气流。含尘气体在旋转过程中产生离心力,将重度大于气体的尘粒甩向器壁。尘粒一旦与器壁接触,便失去惯性力而靠入口速度的动量和向下的重力沿壁面下落,进入排灰管。旋转下降的外旋气流在到达锥体时,因圆锥形的收缩而向除尘器中心靠拢,其切向速度不断提高。当气流到达锥体下端某一位置时,即以同样的旋转方向从旋风除尘器中部,由下反转而上,继续作螺旋形流动,即内旋气流。旋风分离器给气流提供上升动力,对高温气体进行有效降温,再进入内锥体时,由于内锥体上大下小的形状,可以起到很好的缓冲作用,因而形成旋风分离器入口处气压高,内锥体内部气压低,在气体进入滤袋除尘装置前,进一步降温。气流温度降低从而减少滤袋的损坏,从而提高装置的安全性能。By adopting the above technical solution, the cyclone dust removal device of the present invention is installed at the air inlet of the cylinder, and the inner cone is trumpet-shaped. When the airflow passes through the cyclone separator, the airflow will change from linear motion to circular motion. Most of the swirling air flow spirals downward from the cylinder along the wall of the device and flows toward the cone. This is commonly referred to as an external swirl. The dust-containing gas generates centrifugal force during the rotation process, and the dust particles heavier than the gas are thrown to the wall of the container. Once the dust particles contact the wall, they lose the inertial force and fall along the wall by the momentum of the entrance velocity and the downward gravity, and enter the ash discharge pipe. When the rotating and descending external swirling airflow reaches the cone, it moves closer to the center of the dust collector due to the contraction of the cone, and its tangential velocity continues to increase. When the airflow reaches a certain position at the lower end of the cone, it reverses from the middle of the cyclone dust collector to the top in the same direction of rotation, and continues to flow in a spiral shape, that is, the internal swirling airflow. The cyclone separator provides upward power to the airflow, effectively cooling the high-temperature gas, and when it enters the inner cone, because the shape of the inner cone is large and the bottom is small, it can play a good buffering role, thus forming a cyclone separator entrance. The air pressure is high, and the air pressure inside the inner cone is low. Before the gas enters the filter bag dust removal device, the temperature is further cooled. Airflow temperature is reduced to reduce damage to the filter bag, thereby improving the safety performance of the device.
本发明的技术方案:所述的旋风分离器位于灰斗靠近滤袋除尘装置1/3处。The technical solution of the present invention: the cyclone separator is located at 1/3 of the ash hopper close to the filter bag dust removal device.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的旋风分离器位于灰斗靠近滤袋除尘装置1/3处是气体降温效果最好的位置。By adopting the above technical solution, the cyclone separator of the present invention is located at the 1/3 place where the ash hopper is close to the filter bag dust removal device, which is the position with the best gas cooling effect.
本发明的技术方案:所述的导流管和排气管的拐角处设有导流片。The technical solution of the present invention: the corners of the guide pipe and the exhaust pipe are provided with guide vanes.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的导流片防止气流在急转弯处产生涡流导致气流不畅,损失能量,产生噪音等弊病。By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the deflector of the present invention prevents the vortex generated by the airflow at the sharp turn, resulting in poor airflow, loss of energy, and generation of noise.
本发明的技术方案:所述的气陀螺为多片螺旋状叶片组成。The technical solution of the present invention: the air gyroscope is composed of multiple spiral blades.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的气陀螺除尘装置中的气陀螺使气流在多片螺旋状叶片的作用下分割成多股气流,气流中的粉尘颗粒随气流沿筒壁高速旋转左向右运动,最后在离心力作用下被甩入集尘桶。By adopting the above technical scheme, the air gyro in the air gyro dust removal device of the present invention divides the airflow into multiple airflows under the action of multiple helical blades, and the dust particles in the airflow rotate along the cylinder wall at a high speed and move left to right with the airflow , and finally thrown into the dust bucket under the action of centrifugal force.
本发明的技术方案:所述的控制系统包括PLC系统、温度检测系统与差压监测系统。The technical solution of the present invention: the control system includes a PLC system, a temperature detection system and a differential pressure monitoring system.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明的采用PLC控制系统,实时监测滤袋内外侧温差及压差,不仅易于控制,更提高了设备的安全性能。By adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention adopts PLC control system to monitor the temperature difference and pressure difference inside and outside the filter bag in real time, which is not only easy to control, but also improves the safety performance of the equipment.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,根据这些附图获得其他的附图仍属于本发明的范畴。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, obtaining other drawings based on these drawings still belongs to the scope of the present invention without any creative effort.
图1为本发明复合式流化干燥机的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composite fluidized dryer of the present invention;
图2为本发明图1的A部放大图;Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of part A of Fig. 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明图1的B部放大图;Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of part B of Fig. 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明内锥筒截面示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner cone of the present invention.
图中,电机-1,叶片-2,加速盘-3,导流管-4,导流片-5,气陀螺-6,进气口-7,内锥筒-8,筒体-9,滤袋-10,脉冲电磁阀-11,脉冲喷吹装置-12,笼架-13,文丘里管-14,花板-15,出气口-16,排气管-17,差压监测系统-18,袋侧温度计-19,灰侧温度计-20,PLC系统-21,灰斗-22,集尘筒-23,引风机-24, 扩口部-25,滤网-26。In the figure, motor-1, blade-2, accelerator plate-3, guide tube-4, guide vane-5, air gyro-6, air inlet-7, inner cone-8, cylinder-9, Filter bag-10, pulse solenoid valve-11, pulse injection device-12, cage frame-13, venturi tube-14, flower plate-15, air outlet-16, exhaust pipe-17, differential pressure monitoring system- 18. Bag side thermometer-19, ash side thermometer-20, PLC system-21, ash hopper-22, dust collection tube-23, induced draft fan-24, flaring part-25, filter screen-26.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述, 显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。 The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上” 、“下” 、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系, 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语 “第一”、“第二”、“第三” 仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
如图1—3所示,一种流化干燥机用复合式除尘器,包括由低到高依次设置在筒体9内的旋风除尘装置、滤袋除尘装置及清灰装置,设置在筒体9左边的气陀螺除尘装置及设置在筒体9右边的引风装置;筒体9的进气口7设置在筒体9下方,并连接左边的气陀螺除尘装置;筒体9的出气口16设置在筒体9上方,并连接右边的引风装置;旋风除尘装置包括旋风分离器、内锥筒8及集尘筒23,灰斗22设置在滤袋除尘装置下方的筒体进气口7处,集尘桶23设置在筒体9下方;滤袋除尘装置包括花板15、滤袋10及笼架13,花板15固定在筒体9上,滤袋10与笼架13设置在花板15上;清灰装置包括文丘里管14、脉冲喷吹装置12及脉冲电磁阀11,文丘里管14设置在笼架13上端,脉冲喷吹装置12设置在文丘里管14上方,脉冲电磁阀11设置在脉冲喷吹装置12底部;气陀螺除尘装置包括电机1、加速盘3、叶片2、导流管4、气陀螺6及集尘筒23,电机1设置在加速盘3后面并与叶片2连接在一起,导流管4将加速盘3和筒体进风口7相连,气陀螺6设置在导流管4内;引风装置包括引风机24和排气管17,排气管17左接筒体出气口16且右接引风机24进风口。As shown in Figure 1-3, a composite dust collector for a fluidized dryer includes a cyclone dust removal device, a filter bag dust removal device and a dust removal device arranged in the cylinder body 9 in order from low to high. The air gyro dust removal device on the left side of 9 and the air induction device arranged on the right side of the cylinder body 9; the air inlet 7 of the cylinder body 9 is arranged below the cylinder body 9, and is connected to the gas gyro dust removal device on the left side; the air outlet 16 of the cylinder body 9 It is arranged above the cylinder 9 and connected to the air induction device on the right; the cyclone dust removal device includes a cyclone separator, an inner cone 8 and a dust collection cylinder 23, and the ash hopper 22 is arranged at the cylinder air inlet 7 below the filter bag dust removal device The dust collection barrel 23 is set under the cylinder body 9; the filter bag dust removal device includes a flower plate 15, a filter bag 10 and a cage frame 13, the flower plate 15 is fixed on the cylinder body 9, and the filter bag 10 and the cage frame 13 are arranged on the flower plate 15. On the plate 15; the cleaning device includes a Venturi tube 14, a pulse injection device 12 and a pulse electromagnetic valve 11, the Venturi tube 14 is arranged on the upper end of the cage frame 13, the pulse injection device 12 is arranged on the top of the Venturi tube 14, and the pulse electromagnetic valve The valve 11 is arranged at the bottom of the pulse blowing device 12; the gas gyro dedusting device comprises a motor 1, an acceleration disc 3, blades 2, a draft tube 4, an air gyro 6 and a dust collection tube 23, and the motor 1 is arranged behind the acceleration disc 3 and is connected with the The blades 2 are connected together, the guide tube 4 connects the acceleration disk 3 and the cylinder air inlet 7, and the air gyro 6 is arranged in the guide tube 4; the air induction device includes an induced fan 24 and an exhaust pipe 17, and the exhaust pipe 17 The cylinder air outlet 16 is connected to the left and the air inlet of the induced draft fan 24 is connected to the right.
本实施例中的流化干燥机用复合式除尘器还包括控制系统,控制系统包括PLC系统21、温度检测系统(灰侧温度计20、袋侧温度计19)与差压监测系统18。The composite dust collector for fluidized dryer in this embodiment also includes a control system, which includes a PLC system 21 , a temperature detection system (ash side thermometer 20 , bag side thermometer 19 ) and a differential pressure monitoring system 18 .
在本实施例中,清灰方式采用脉冲喷吹装置12,可实现按一定频率自动在线清灰、清灰效果好、对滤袋磨损小并增强了设备的安全性和可靠性。控制系统包括PLC系统21、温度检测系统(灰侧温度计20、袋侧温度计19)与差压监测系统18;其中,温度检测系统可测量袋侧和灰侧的温度,防止因温度过高而损坏滤袋,同时防止粉尘自燃;差压检测系统18可测量滤袋10前后压差,防止因滤袋两侧压差过大将附着在滤袋上的细小粉尘穿透滤袋排入空气降低除尘率。In this embodiment, the pulse injection device 12 is used for dust removal, which can realize automatic online dust removal at a certain frequency, with good dust removal effect, less wear on the filter bag, and enhanced safety and reliability of the equipment. The control system includes PLC system 21, temperature detection system (ash side thermometer 20, bag side thermometer 19) and differential pressure monitoring system 18; among them, the temperature detection system can measure the temperature of bag side and ash side to prevent damage due to excessive temperature filter bag, and prevent the dust from spontaneous combustion; the differential pressure detection system 18 can measure the pressure difference between the front and back of the filter bag 10, and prevent the fine dust attached to the filter bag from penetrating the filter bag into the air due to the excessive pressure difference on both sides of the filter bag to reduce the dust removal rate .
作为上述方案的进一步改进,内锥筒8设为喇叭状且扩口部25设有滤网26,滤网26过滤掉含尘气流中的部分粉尘颗粒并降低进入滤袋除尘装置的压力,延长滤袋10的使用寿命;导流管4和排气管17的90°拐角处都设有导流片5,防止气流在急转弯处产生涡流导致气流不畅,损失能量,产生噪音等弊病;气陀螺除尘装置中的气陀螺6使气流在多片螺旋状叶片的作用下分割成多股气流,气流中的粉尘颗粒随气流沿筒壁高速旋转左向右运动,最后在离心力作用下被甩入集尘桶23中;气陀螺除尘装置中加速盘3由电机1提供动力,可提供多级转速以适应不同的工作状况。As a further improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the inner cone 8 is set as a horn shape and the flared part 25 is provided with a filter screen 26, the filter screen 26 filters out part of the dust particles in the dust-laden airflow and reduces the pressure entering the filter bag dust removal device, extending the The service life of the filter bag 10; the 90° corners of the guide pipe 4 and the exhaust pipe 17 are provided with a deflector 5 to prevent the air flow from generating eddy currents at sharp turns, resulting in poor air flow, energy loss, and noise generation; The air gyro 6 in the air gyro dust removal device divides the airflow into multiple airflows under the action of multiple helical blades. The dust particles in the airflow rotate along the cylinder wall at high speed with the airflow and move left to right, and are finally thrown away under the action of centrifugal force. into the dust bucket 23; in the gas gyro dust removal device, the acceleration disc 3 is powered by the motor 1, which can provide multi-stage rotating speeds to adapt to different working conditions.
具体的,含尘气流从加速盘3进入,在电机1的驱动下叶片2高速旋转使得含尘气流具有较高的初速度,当含尘气流经过气陀螺6时,气陀螺6使气流在多片螺旋状叶片的作用下分割成多股气流,气流中的粉尘颗粒随气流沿导流管4管壁高速旋转左向右运动,最后在离心力作用和导流管4管壁的阻挡作用下被甩入集尘桶23中,实现第一级除尘;一级除尘过后的含尘气流由筒体进气口7切向进入旋风除尘装置,气流沿内锥筒8外表面旋转下降,在离心力的作用下粉尘颗粒被甩向筒体9内壁面,然后依靠重力和外旋流轴向力,较大粉尘颗粒沿筒体9内壁面落入集尘筒23中完成第二级除尘;含尘气流到达筒体9底部时,气流急剧转向向上运动经过内锥筒8底部的滤网26,粉尘颗粒在滤网26阻拦和重力的作用下产生惯性沉降,实现第三级除尘;含尘气流继续上升进入滤袋除尘区,在滤袋10的筛滤、拦截、碰撞、扩散和静电吸引的作用下,细小粉尘颗粒被附着在滤袋10表面,再由脉冲喷吹清灰装置11将附着在滤袋10上的粉尘颗粒清理到集尘桶23中,完成第四级除尘,最后洁净气流从筒体出气口16排出,在引风机24的作用下沿着排气管17排入大气。Specifically, the dusty airflow enters from the acceleration disk 3, and the blade 2 rotates at a high speed under the drive of the motor 1 so that the dusty airflow has a higher initial velocity. Under the action of a helical blade, it is divided into multiple airflows. The dust particles in the airflow rotate along the wall of the guide tube 4 at high speed and move left to right with the airflow. Throw it into the dust collecting bucket 23 to realize the first-stage dust removal; the dust-laden airflow after the first-stage dust removal enters the cyclone dust removal device tangentially from the cylinder air inlet 7, and the airflow rotates and descends along the outer surface of the inner cone cylinder 8. Under the action, the dust particles are thrown to the inner wall of the cylinder 9, and then relying on the gravity and the axial force of the external swirl flow, the larger dust particles fall into the dust collection tube 23 along the inner wall of the cylinder 9 to complete the second-stage dust removal; the dust-laden airflow When reaching the bottom of the cylinder 9, the airflow turns sharply upwards and passes through the filter 26 at the bottom of the inner cone 8, and the dust particles are blocked by the filter 26 and under the action of gravity to produce inertial sedimentation to achieve the third stage of dust removal; the dusty airflow continues to rise Entering the dust removal area of the filter bag, under the effects of screening, interception, collision, diffusion and electrostatic attraction of the filter bag 10, fine dust particles are attached to the surface of the filter bag 10, and then the pulse jet dust cleaning device 11 will adhere to the filter bag. The dust particles on the bag 10 are cleaned into the dust collecting bucket 23 to complete the fourth stage of dust removal, and finally the clean air is discharged from the air outlet 16 of the cylinder, and is discharged into the atmosphere along the exhaust pipe 17 under the action of the induced draft fan 24 .
本实施例中,含尘气流在气陀螺除尘区和旋风除尘区通过强大离心力和导流管4管壁和筒体9内壁的阻挡及重力作用,可有效分离10μm以上的大颗粒粉尘,并使从流化干燥机流出的高温含尘气流降温,从而减少滤袋10的工作负荷以及大颗粒粉尘对滤袋10的冲刷作用,有效的延长清灰周期和滤袋10的使用寿命。旋风除尘装置安装在筒体进气口处,且内锥体呈现喇叭状,当气流经过旋风分离器时,气流将由直线运动变为圆周运动。旋转气流的绝大部分沿器壁自圆筒体呈螺旋形向下,朝锥体流动。通常称此为外旋气流。含尘气体在旋转过程中产生离心力,将重度大于气体的尘粒甩向器壁。尘粒一旦与器壁接触,便失去惯性力而靠入口速度的动量和向下的重力沿壁面下落,进入排灰管。旋转下降的外旋气流在到达锥体时,因圆锥形的收缩而向除尘器中心靠拢,其切向速度不断提高。当气流到达锥体下端某一位置时,即以同样的旋转方向从旋风除尘器中部,由下反转而上,继续作螺旋形流动,即内旋气流。旋风分离器给气流提供上升动力,对高温气体进行有效降温,再进入内锥体时,由于内锥体上大下小的形状,可以起到很好的缓冲作用,因而形成旋风分离器入口处气压高,内锥体内部气压低,在气体进入滤袋除尘装置前,进一步降温。气流温度降低从而减少滤袋的损坏,从而提高装置的安全性能。In this embodiment, the dust-laden airflow in the gas gyro dust removal area and the cyclone dust removal area can effectively separate the large particle dust above 10 μm through the strong centrifugal force and the obstruction of the pipe wall of the draft tube 4 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 9 and the action of gravity, and make The high-temperature dust-laden air flow out of the fluidized dryer cools down, thereby reducing the workload of the filter bag 10 and the scouring effect of large particles of dust on the filter bag 10, effectively prolonging the cleaning cycle and the service life of the filter bag 10. The cyclone dust removal device is installed at the air inlet of the cylinder, and the inner cone is in the shape of a horn. When the airflow passes through the cyclone separator, the airflow will change from linear motion to circular motion. Most of the swirling air flow spirals downward from the cylinder along the wall of the device and flows toward the cone. This is commonly referred to as an external swirl. The dust-containing gas generates centrifugal force during the rotation process, and the dust particles heavier than the gas are thrown to the wall of the container. Once the dust particles contact the wall, they lose the inertial force and fall along the wall by the momentum of the entrance velocity and the downward gravity, and enter the ash discharge pipe. When the rotating and descending external swirling airflow reaches the cone, it moves closer to the center of the dust collector due to the contraction of the cone, and its tangential velocity continues to increase. When the airflow reaches a certain position at the lower end of the cone, it reverses from the middle of the cyclone dust collector in the same direction of rotation, from bottom to top, and continues to flow in a spiral shape, that is, the internal swirling airflow. The cyclone separator provides upward power to the airflow, and effectively cools down the high-temperature gas. When it enters the inner cone again, due to the shape of the inner cone, which is large and small at the bottom, it can play a good buffering role, thus forming a cyclone separator inlet. The air pressure is high, and the air pressure inside the inner cone is low. Before the gas enters the filter bag dust removal device, the temperature is further cooled. Airflow temperature is reduced to reduce damage to the filter bag, thereby improving the safety performance of the device.
本实施例中,袋侧温度计19和灰侧温度计20分别测量检测袋式除尘区和集尘桶23区的温度,防止气流温度过高使粉尘自燃和高温对滤袋10的损伤;一旦控制系统检测到超温,PLC系统21通过发送控制信号使电磁脉冲阀11开启,脉冲喷吹装置12的稳压气包中的压缩空气喷向滤袋10,既能降温的同时又能使积附在滤袋10表面的粉尘脱落达到清灰效果。In this embodiment, the bag side thermometer 19 and the ash side thermometer 20 measure and detect the temperature of the bag type dust removal area and the dust collection bucket 23 area respectively, so as to prevent the dust spontaneous combustion and high temperature damage to the filter bag 10 caused by the excessive temperature of the air flow; once the control system When over-temperature is detected, the PLC system 21 sends a control signal to open the electromagnetic pulse valve 11, and the compressed air in the pressure-stabilizing air bag of the pulse injection device 12 is sprayed to the filter bag 10, which can not only cool down but also make the accumulated The dust on the surface of the filter bag 10 falls off to achieve the dust removal effect.
本实施例中,在袋式除尘装置上方设有清灰装置,清灰装置包括文丘里管14、脉冲喷吹装置12及电磁脉冲阀11,其中脉冲喷吹装置12在滤袋10的上方设置了对应滤袋10个数的若干根喷吹管及喷嘴,在需要进行清灰处理时,PLC控制系统21发送信号给电磁脉冲阀11开启阀门,脉冲喷吹装置12的稳压气包中的压缩空气进入喷吹管,并由喷孔喷向滤袋10的袋口,每个袋口都装有一个喇叭管,当高速压缩空气由此流过时,产生一定负压,使袋口附近的洁净气体随着进入滤袋10,造成滤袋10急剧向外膨胀和冲击振动,从而使积附在滤袋10表面的粉尘脱落。In this embodiment, a dust removal device is provided above the bag-type dust removal device, and the dust removal device includes a Venturi tube 14, a pulse injection device 12 and an electromagnetic pulse valve 11, wherein the pulse injection device 12 is arranged above the filter bag 10 A number of blowing pipes and nozzles corresponding to 10 filter bags are provided. When cleaning is required, the PLC control system 21 sends a signal to the electromagnetic pulse valve 11 to open the valve, and the compressed air in the pressure-stabilizing air bag of the pulse blowing device 12 The air enters the blowing pipe, and is sprayed from the nozzle hole to the mouth of the filter bag 10. Each mouth of the bag is equipped with a trumpet tube. When the high-speed compressed air flows through it, a certain negative pressure is generated to make the clean air near the mouth of the bag As it enters the filter bag 10, it causes the filter bag 10 to swell outwards sharply and vibrate, so that the dust accumulated on the surface of the filter bag 10 falls off.
本实施例中,差压检测系统18检测滤袋10内外压差,当检测到压差达到预设定的值时,PLC系统控制发送信号将电磁脉冲阀11开启进行清灰,将附着在滤袋10表面的粉尘颗粒清除,达到降低压差和清灰双重效果。In this embodiment, the differential pressure detection system 18 detects the pressure difference inside and outside the filter bag 10. When the detected pressure difference reaches a preset value, the PLC system controls and sends a signal to open the electromagnetic pulse valve 11 for dust removal, and the dust attached to the filter bag The dust particles on the surface of the bag 10 are removed to achieve the dual effects of reducing pressure difference and cleaning dust.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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