CN110233415B - Distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths - Google Patents
Distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths Download PDFInfo
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- CN110233415B CN110233415B CN201910455906.5A CN201910455906A CN110233415B CN 110233415 B CN110233415 B CN 110233415B CN 201910455906 A CN201910455906 A CN 201910455906A CN 110233415 B CN110233415 B CN 110233415B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/042—Arrangements for thermal management for solid state lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/1067—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using pressure or deformation
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser, and particularly discloses a distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths. This distributed feedback fiber laser, including the upper end be the base structure of cambered surface, its characterized in that: a groove is formed in the cambered surface center shaft of the base structure, an inner groove is formed in one end of the base structure, and the lower end part of the inner groove is connected with a vertical rigid beam through a hinge; the inner groove is internally and sequentially provided with a mechanical tuning structure and piezoelectric ceramics from inside to outside; the bottom of the base structure is sequentially pasted with a temperature control sheet and a radiating fin downwards, and the base structure is placed in the heat insulation shell; and a fiber laser is arranged in the groove of the cambered surface of the base structure. The invention effectively enlarges the wavelength tuning range, and particularly adopts mechanical structure tuning, so that the wavelength can be adjusted rapidly in a large range; the temperature tuning, the mechanical structure tuning and the piezoelectric ceramic tuning are effectively combined, and the wavelength can be accurately controlled in a large wavelength tuning range.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to a laser, in particular to a distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths.
(II) background of the invention
The distributed feedback fiber laser is an emerging active fiber device in recent years, a phase-shift fiber grating is directly engraved in a doping area of an optical fiber by using a doped photosensitive fiber and through technologies such as ultraviolet exposure, and the like, and the optical feedback and wavelength selection are performed through the phase-shift grating to generate laser with narrow line width.
The output wavelength of the distributed feedback fiber laser is sensitive to temperature and strain, the wavelength drift of the distributed feedback fiber laser can be caused by the change of the environmental temperature, and the wavelength drift of the distributed feedback fiber laser can be caused by the change of the strain in the optical fiber. The packaging of the distributed feedback fiber laser generally adopts a heat insulation or temperature control means, so that the wavelength drift caused by the temperature change of the external environment is avoided, the fiber strain caused by the external sound and vibration is avoided through sound insulation and vibration isolation packaging, and the wavelength stability is improved. In the aspect of wavelength tuning of a distributed feedback fiber laser, the wavelength tuning mode is mainly divided into thermal tuning and mechanical tuning according to the principle that the wavelength of the distributed feedback fiber laser is sensitive to temperature or strain. The thermal tuning generally adopts a temperature control device, such as a semiconductor refrigeration sheet and the like, realizes the wavelength tuning of the distributed feedback fiber laser by changing the temperature, has the advantage of relatively large wavelength adjusting range, but has slow adjusting speed; the mechanical tuning is generally realized by a stress adjusting device such as piezoelectric ceramics, the wavelength is adjusted by changing the strain of the optical fiber, the advantage of high adjusting speed is achieved, and the single-wavelength adjusting range is generally narrow.
Xuhuanwei et al (200810224823.7) invented a wavelength tunable fiber laser with wavelength adjusted by piezoelectric ceramics, which reduces the complexity of wavelength tuning of fiber laser and overcomes the quasi-static drift of working wavelength of fiber laser caused by environmental temperature drift by constant temperature control.
Luxinghua et al (201010273825.2) invented a wavelength tunable single longitudinal mode distributed feedback fiber laser, which can realize temperature control tuning by semiconductor refrigeration chip, thus not only can overcome the influence of environmental temperature change on the output wavelength of the laser, but also can realize stable laser output under a certain wavelength, and has a certain wavelength tuning range.
The technology only isolates the influence of the temperature change of the external environment on the wavelength of the laser through temperature control, and does not effectively isolate the influence of the wavelength change on the laser caused by external sound and vibration. Moreover, the above piezoelectric ceramic tuning mode has a narrow wavelength adjustment range, and the temperature tuning mode has a slow adjustment speed.
C.v. bolsen et al (201210414424.3) propose an optimized package with relatively low sensitivity to mechanical vibrations from the environment, which can be used for sound and vibration isolation packaging of distributed feedback fiber lasers, and which can tune the wavelength of the fiber laser through piezoelectric ceramics and thermal expansion. The problem of slow speed of wavelength adjustment over a wide range still remains.
Disclosure of the invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the distributed feedback fiber laser which is sensitive to signals, large in wavelength tuning range and accurate in control and can be used for realizing multiple wavelength tuning.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a but wavelength multiple tuning's distributed feedback fiber laser, includes that the upper end is the rectangular shape base structure of cambered surface, its characterized in that: a groove is formed in the cambered surface center shaft of the base structure, an inner groove is formed in one end of the base structure, and the lower end part of the inner groove is connected with a vertical rigid beam through a hinge; a mechanical tuning structure and piezoelectric ceramics are sequentially arranged in the inner groove from inside to outside, one end of the piezoelectric ceramics is tightly attached to the mechanical tuning structure, and the other end of the piezoelectric ceramics is tightly attached to the rigid beam; the bottom of the base structure is sequentially pasted with a temperature control sheet and a radiating fin downwards, and the base structure is placed in the heat insulation shell; and the fiber laser is arranged in the groove of the cambered surface of the base structure, and two ends of the fiber laser are respectively fixed on the groove and the rigid beam through epoxy glue A and epoxy glue B.
The mechanical tuning structure can generate thrust at two ends through adjusting action, the piezoelectric ceramics push the rigid beam to rotate around the hinge under the driving of an electric signal, the rigid beam can also be pushed to rotate around the hinge under the thrust action of the mechanical tuning structure, and the fiber laser can generate strain change under the modulation of the rigid beam; in addition, the temperature control sheet is arranged for controlling the temperature of the base structure. The invention provides a distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths, which combines temperature tuning, mechanical structure tuning and piezoelectric ceramic tuning, and particularly effectively combines the mechanical structure tuning and the piezoelectric ceramic tuning, realizes large-range instant mechanical wavelength tuning through a micro-stud structure, further realizes the further sensitization of the piezoelectric ceramic tuning through hinge amplification, and realizes the large-range high-speed wavelength tuning.
The more preferable technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the base structure is made of metal materials, preferably, annealed stainless steel materials.
The bottom of the groove is rounded, the surface of the groove is smooth, and the optical fiber laser is tightly attached to the groove in a sliding manner.
The mechanical tuning structure comprises a first matching structure and a second matching structure which are connected to two ends through a micro-adjusting screw, and the distance between the first matching structure and the second matching structure can be changed by rotating the micro-adjusting screw.
The fine adjustment screw comprises an adjustment gear positioned in the middle, and a first thread and a second thread which are respectively positioned on two sides of the adjustment gear; the first thread is a left-handed thread, the second thread is a right-handed thread, and the first thread acts on the adjusting gear and can rotate the fine adjusting screw; and correspondingly, the first matching structure and the second matching structure are provided with threaded holes corresponding to the fine adjustment screws and are left-handed threads.
The piezoelectric ceramic is composed of a strip-shaped piezoelectric ceramic main body and a semicircular cap tightly attached to the rigid beam, the piezoelectric ceramic main body is of a longitudinal polarization structure, a signal line is arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic main body, and when a voltage signal is applied to the signal line, deformation along the length direction is generated.
The temperature control piece is a semiconductor refrigerating piece, is arranged in the heat insulation shell and is attached to the bottom of the base structure through heat conduction silicone grease.
The thermal insulation shell comprises a thermal insulation shell cover and a thermal insulation shell base, the thermal insulation shell cover is provided with an adjusting cover corresponding to the position of the adjusting gear, bosses are arranged on two corresponding sides inside the thermal insulation shell base, and the bosses are used for fixing tail fibers of the optical fiber laser.
The fiber laser is a wavelength type fiber device such as a distributed feedback fiber laser, a distributed Bragg feedback fiber laser, a fiber Bragg grating or a fiber Fabry-Perot cavity fiber device.
The invention effectively enlarges the wavelength tuning range, and particularly adopts mechanical structure tuning, so that the wavelength can be adjusted rapidly in a large range; temperature tuning, mechanical structure tuning and piezoelectric ceramic tuning are effectively combined, and wavelength accurate control in a large wavelength tuning range can be realized; the insensitivity to temperature, vibration and sound wave signals is realized through a temperature control and desensitization structure; the lever amplification is carried out through the beam structure, and the amplitude of the piezoelectric ceramics is effectively improved.
(IV) description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a base structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the centerline of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical tuning structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a micro-adjustment screw according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric ceramic according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the insulated housing of the present invention.
In the figure, 01 base structure, 011 hinge, 012 rigid beam, 013 grooves, 014 inside groove, 02 mechanical tuning structure, 021 first cooperation structure, 022 second cooperation structure, 023 fine adjustment screw, 0231 first screw thread, 0232 second screw thread, 0233 adjusting gear, 03 piezoceramics, 031 piezoceramics main part, 032 half cap, 033 signal line, 04 temperature control piece, 05 fin, 06 thermal-insulated shell, 061 thermal-insulated shell lid, 062 thermal-insulated shell base, 063 adjustment lid, 064 boss, 07 fiber laser, 071 epoxy A, 072 epoxy B.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths provided by the present invention includes: the device comprises a base structure 01, a mechanical tuning structure 02, piezoelectric ceramics 03, a temperature control sheet 04, a radiating fin 05, a heat insulation shell 06 and a fiber laser 07.
As shown in fig. 1, the base structure 01 of the distributed feedback fiber laser with multiple tunable wavelengths according to the present invention is preferably formed by wire cutting or laser cutting an annealed stainless steel plate material, or by precision machining a ceramic material, and has a strip-shaped structure with an upper end having a cambered surface, an inner groove 014 is formed at one end, and a rigid beam 012 is connected to the end of the inner groove 014 through a hinge 011; a groove 013 is formed in the arc surface, as shown in fig. 3, preferably, the groove 013 is rounded at the bottom and smooth in surface for installation of the optical fiber.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the mechanical tuning structure 02 is mounted in the inner groove 014 and can generate thrust at both ends by adjusting action; the mechanical tuning feature 02 includes a first mating feature 021, a second mating feature 022 and a fine adjustment screw 023, and the distance between the first mating feature 021 and the second mating feature 022 can be changed by turning the fine adjustment screw 023; the invention provides a specific implementation method which comprises the following steps: the fine adjustment screw 023 includes first screw thread 0231, for left-hand screw thread, second screw thread 0232, for right-hand screw thread, adjusting gear 0233, so that fine adjustment screw 023 is rotated, and first cooperation structure 021 and second cooperation structure 022 have with the screw hole of fine adjustment screw 023, and all be left-hand screw thread, consequently, by first cooperation structure 021, the mechanical tuning structure 02 that second cooperation structure 022 and fine adjustment screw 023 are constituteed, when rotating fine adjustment screw 023, through the effect of two reverse screw threads, the distance of first cooperation structure 021 and second cooperation structure 022 changes.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the piezoelectric ceramic 03 is installed in the inner groove 014, one end of the piezoelectric ceramic is closely attached to the mechanical tuning structure 02, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic is closely attached to the rigid beam 012, the rigid beam 012 is pushed to rotate around the hinge 011 under the driving of an electric signal, and the rigid beam 012 can also be pushed to rotate around the hinge 011 under the thrust action of the mechanical tuning structure 02, so that the rigid beam 012 can be adjusted by two ways of mechanical adjustment through driving or rotating a fine adjustment screw 023 in the mechanical tuning structure 02 by the electric signal; the invention provides a specific implementation method which comprises the following steps: the piezoelectric ceramic 03 is composed of an elongated piezoelectric ceramic main body 031 and a semicircular cap 032, and the piezoelectric ceramic main body 031 is longitudinally polarized, i.e., generates deformation along the length direction when a voltage signal is applied to the signal line 033, so that the rigid beam 012 is adjusted under the driving of an electrical signal.
Referring to fig. 1, a temperature control sheet 04 is attached to a lower end of a base structure 01 for controlling a temperature of the base structure 01; the temperature control sheet 04 is a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and is preferably adhered to the lower end of the base structure 01 through heat-conducting silicone grease; as a complete system, the temperature control chip 04 should further integrate a temperature sensor and a control circuit, and a heat sink 05 attached to the lower end of the semiconductor chilling plate 04, and the temperature control chip 04 can control the temperature stability of the semiconductor chilling plate within 0.01 ℃.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the heat insulating housing 06 includes a heat insulating housing cover 061 and a heat insulating housing base 062, in which the heat insulating housing cover 061 includes an adjustment cover 063 to open an adjustment gear 0233 in the adjustment interior, and the heat insulating housing base 062 has a boss 064 on the inside to fix the pigtail of the fiber laser 07.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 7, the fiber laser 07 is stuck in the slot 013, one end of the fiber laser is fixed to the slot 013, preferably, the fiber laser is fixed to the slot 013 by bonding with epoxy adhesive a071, the other end of the fiber laser is fixed to the rigid beam 012, preferably, the fiber laser is fixed to the rigid beam 012 by bonding with epoxy adhesive B072; preferably, the fiber laser 07 should have a certain pre-tightening force, or the fiber laser 07 should be applied with a certain pre-tightening force by adjusting the mechanical tuning structure 02; the fiber laser 07 can produce strain change under the modulation of the rigid beam 012; the fiber laser 07 may be a distributed feedback fiber laser, a distributed bragg feedback fiber laser, a fiber bragg grating, a fiber fabry-perot cavity, or other fiber devices with wavelength.
The tuning principle of the distributed feedback fiber laser with the wavelength capable of being tuned in multiple ways provided by the invention is as follows:
by adjusting the mechanical tuning structure 02, the pretightening force in the fiber laser 07 is changed, so that the central wavelength of the fiber laser 07 can be adjusted in a large range rapidly, the adjustment sensitivity is about 1.2 picometers/microstrain, and the adjustment range can reach thousands of picometers;
the temperature of the optical fiber laser 07 is adjusted through the temperature control sheet 04, so that the central wavelength of the optical fiber laser is changed in a large range, the adjustment sensitivity is about 10 picometers/centigrade, and the adjustment range can reach hundreds of picometers;
the piezoelectric ceramic 03 is driven by an electric signal, the pretightening force in the fiber laser 07 is changed, so that the central wavelength of the fiber laser is quickly changed, the adjusting sensitivity is about 1.2 picometers/microstrain, the adjusting range can reach several picometers, and the adjusting frequency can reach dozens of kHz.
The wavelength adjustment of the fiber laser 07 is the superposition of the three adjustment modes, and the three modes are organically combined, so that the large-range and quick wavelength adjustment and the accurate wavelength control can be realized.
The desensitization principle of the distributed feedback fiber laser with the wavelength capable of being tuned in multiple ways to temperature, vibration and sound waves provided by the invention is as follows:
the temperature stability of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is controlled within 0.01 ℃ through the temperature control sheet 04, and the influence of external temperature change is isolated through the heat insulation shell cover 061, so that the temperature of the optical fiber laser 07 is kept stable, and insensitivity to external environment temperature change is realized; the fiber laser 07 is attached to the arc surface in the groove 013, the base structure 01 is made of a material with certain rigidity, the arc surface is not prone to deformation under the action of external micro sound and vibration, and the strain state in the fiber laser 07 is not prone to interference, so that the effect of insensitivity to sound shock and vibration is achieved.
The amplitude amplification principle of the wavelength-tunable distributed feedback fiber laser for tuning the piezoelectric ceramics is as follows:
the distance from the contact point of the piezoelectric ceramic 03 and the rigid beam 012 to the hinge 011 is set asbThe distance between the bonding point of the optical fiber laser 07 and the rigid beam 012 and the hinge 011 is equal to that between the bonding point of the epoxy adhesive 072 and the rigid beam 012lThe amplitude magnification factor of the piezoelectric ceramic tuning isl/bBy regulatinglAndbthe magnification can be changed by changing the distance parameter.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a but wavelength multiple tuning's distributed feedback fiber laser, includes that the upper end is rectangular shape base structure (01) of cambered surface, its characterized in that: a groove (013) is formed in the cambered surface center shaft of the base structure (01), an inner groove (014) is formed in one end of the base structure (01), and the lower end part of the inner groove (014) is connected with a vertical rigid beam (012) through a hinge (011); a mechanical tuning structure (02) and piezoelectric ceramics (03) are sequentially arranged in the inner groove (014) from inside to outside, one end of the piezoelectric ceramics (03) is tightly attached to the mechanical tuning structure (02), and the other end of the piezoelectric ceramics (03) is tightly attached to the rigid beam (012); the bottom of the base structure (01) is downwards sequentially pasted with a temperature control sheet (04) and a radiating sheet (05), and the base structure (01) is placed in the heat insulation shell (06); a fiber laser (07) is installed in a groove (013) of the cambered surface of the base structure (01), and two ends of the fiber laser (07) are fixed on the groove (013) and the rigid beam (012) through epoxy glue A (071) and epoxy glue B (072) respectively.
2. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base structure (01) is made of a metal material.
3. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the groove (013) is rounded, the surface is smooth, and the optical fiber laser (07) is tightly attached to the inside of the groove (013) in a sliding manner.
4. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mechanical tuning structure (02) comprises a first mating structure (021) and a second mating structure (022) connected at both ends by a micro-adjustment screw (023).
5. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramic (03) is composed of a strip-shaped piezoelectric ceramic main body (031) and a semicircular cap (032) tightly attached to a rigid beam (012), and the piezoelectric ceramic main body (031) is of a longitudinal polarization structure and is provided with a signal line (033) at the middle position.
6. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature control sheet (04) is a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and the temperature control sheet (04) is installed in the heat insulation shell (06) and is attached to the bottom of the base structure (01) through heat conduction silicone grease.
7. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fiber laser (07) is a distributed feedback fiber laser.
8. A wavelength-multiple tunable distributed feedback fiber laser according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the base structure (01) is made of an annealed stainless steel material.
9. The wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser of claim 4, wherein: the fine adjustment screw (023) comprises an adjustment gear (0233) located at a middle position and a first thread (0231) and a second thread (0232) located at both sides of the adjustment gear (0233), respectively; first screw thread (0231) is left-handed screw, and second screw thread (0232) is right-handed screw, and is relative, is provided with the screw hole that corresponds little adjusting screw (023) on first cooperation structure (021) and the second cooperation structure (022), and is left-handed screw.
10. A wavelength-returnable distributed feedback fiber laser as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the heat insulation shell (06) comprises a heat insulation shell cover (061) and a heat insulation shell base (062), wherein the heat insulation shell cover (061) is provided with an adjusting cover (063) corresponding to the position of the adjusting gear (0233), and bosses (064) are arranged on two corresponding sides in the heat insulation shell base (062).
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