CN110232650A - A kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, detection method and system - Google Patents
A kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present disclose provides a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, detection method and systems.Wherein, Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, including source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, the coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded is extracted in each piecemeal；The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates color complexity impact factor, constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast；The corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector is calculated, the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to be embedded in watermark sequence information to each piecemeal；It rebuilds the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and is transformed into RGB color together with the Cb channel image of source images and Cr channel image, obtain the color image of final insertion watermark.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to multimedia signal processing technique field more particularly to a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, inspection
Survey method and system.
Background technique
Only there is provided background technical informations relevant to the disclosure for the statement of this part, it is not necessary to so constitute first skill
Art.
In recent years, with the fast development of network technology and information technology, the multimedia messages that transmit in digital form by
Gradually become the mode of intelligence transmission of mainstream, easily storage, duplication and propagation, bring greatly just to people's lives
Benefit.However, with the transmitting and use of bulk information, the problem of in terms of digital information also more cause people's
Concern.Wherein, along with PC, personal smart phone etc. electronic equipment is popularized, more about information security side
The problem of face gradually cause broad masses' note that include the information content safe, pirate and dispute over copyright etc., these
Appearing in for problem produces some undesirable influences in society.In this context, digital watermark technology comes into being,
Some information (i.e. digital watermarking) with mark degree are hidden that be embedded into digital carrier (including more by it by specific algorithm
Media, document, software etc.) in, reach copyright protection by recovery to hiding information and identification, prevent the purpose of distorting,
To the above-mentioned safety problem of effective solution.Digital watermark technology causes various circles of society because of its wide application prospect
Extensive concern.
Inventors have found that the error that the insertion of existing watermarking images and detection method occur by model itself is in blind watermatking
It will be greatly reduced the detectability of algorithm in system.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the first aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, can
The difference of the model in the telescopiny of watermark is effectively reduced, better robustness is obtained while guaranteeing fidelity.
To achieve the goals above, the disclosure adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar, comprising:
Source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, is extracted in each piecemeal to be embedded
The coefficient vector of watermark；The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates
Color complexity impact factor constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast；
According to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, the corresponding amount of each coefficient vector is calculated
Change step-length, the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to be embedded in watermark sequence information to each piecemeal；
It rebuilds the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and turns together with the Cb channel image of source images and Cr channel image
Become RGB color, obtains the color image for being finally embedded in watermark.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the second aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of Color digital watermarking detection method, can
The difference of the model in the extraction process of watermark is effectively reduced, better robustness is obtained while guaranteeing fidelity.
To achieve the goals above, the disclosure adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of Color digital watermarking detection method, comprising:
Source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, is extracted in each piecemeal to be embedded
The coefficient vector of watermark；The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates
Color complexity impact factor constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast；
According to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, the corresponding amount of each coefficient vector is calculated
Change step-length, the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to extract the watermark sequence information of each piecemeal；
All watermark sequence computing with words that will test out are at watermarking images.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, a kind of Color digital watermarking embedded system is provided in terms of the third of the disclosure, it can
The difference of the model in the telescopiny of watermark is effectively reduced, better robustness is obtained while guaranteeing fidelity.
To achieve the goals above, the disclosure adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of Color digital watermarking embedded system, comprising:
Color-space conversion module is used to source images being transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
JND sensor model constructs module, is used for using Y channel image as carrier image and carries out piecemeal discrete cosine
Transformation, extracts the coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded in each piecemeal；It is multifarious based on direction to the calculating of each piece of the channel Y
JND value, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculate color complexity impact factor, construct based on direction diversity and color pair
Than the JND sensor model of degree；
Watermark sequence information is embedded in module, is used to perceive mould according to based on the JND of direction diversity and color contrast
Type calculates the corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector, and the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to be embedded in water to each piecemeal
Print sequence information；
Image reconstruction module is used to rebuild the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and the Cb channel image with source images
It is transformed into RGB color together with Cr channel image, obtains the color image of final insertion watermark.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the 4th aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of Color digital watermarking detection system, can
The difference of the model in the extraction process of watermark is effectively reduced, better robustness is obtained while guaranteeing fidelity.
To achieve the goals above, the disclosure adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of Color digital watermarking detection system, comprising:
Color-space conversion module is used to source images being transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
JND sensor model constructs module, is used for using Y channel image as carrier image and carries out piecemeal discrete cosine
Transformation, extracts the coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded in each piecemeal；It is multifarious based on direction to the calculating of each piece of the channel Y
JND value, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculate color complexity impact factor, construct based on direction diversity and color pair
Than the JND sensor model of degree；
Watermark sequence information extraction modules are used to perceive mould according to based on the JND of direction diversity and color contrast
Type calculates the corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector, and the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to extract each piecemeal
Watermark sequence information；
Watermarking images construct module, all watermark sequence computing with words for being used to will test out at watermarking images.
The beneficial effect of the disclosure is:
The disclosure is by calculating modeling of the color complexity by the influence of color in view of the JND model of color image
The difference of the model in the insertion and extraction process of watermark can be effectively reduced in Cheng Zhong, obtains more while guaranteeing fidelity
Good robustness；
In built-in end, the visual threshold of source images is obtained by JND sensor model, adjusts the amount of watermark insertion in real time
Change step-length, and guarantee in watermarking images, at the same consider colouring information as color image JND sensor model in
A part enables to the visual redundancy vector being calculated consistent with built-in end, significantly improves the robust of watermarking algorithm
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
The Figure of description for constituting a part of this disclosure is used to provide further understanding of the disclosure, the disclosure
Illustrative embodiments and their description do not constitute the improper restriction to the disclosure for explaining the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar flow chart that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 2 is the simulation comparison experiment for gaussian noise attack that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 3 is the simulation comparison experiment for salt-pepper noise attack that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 4 is the simulation comparison experiment for JPEG compression attack that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 5 is the simulation comparison experiment for fixed gain attack that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 6 is the simulation comparison experiment for common Filtering Attacks that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 7 is the simulation comparison experiment for image cropping attack that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 8 is the Color digital watermarking detection method flow chart that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 9 is the Color digital watermarking embedded system structural schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Figure 10 is the Color digital watermarking detection system structure that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Specific embodiment
The disclosure is described further with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the disclosure.Unless
Otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein has and disclosure person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
Normally understood identical meanings.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the disclosure.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular shape
Formula be also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification use term "comprising" and/or
When " comprising ", existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination are indicated.
In recent years, more improved JND models are put forward one after another and are applied in digital watermarking algorithm.It is compared to often
The gray level image water mark method seen, the JND model in color image is necessary not only for the basic brightness of consideration, texture, side
To etc. influence of the features to vision, influences of the color characteristic to observation result should also be as being taken into account the JND modeling of color image
In the middle.It is old etc. to demonstrate in the treatment process for carrying out compression of images, residual error pretreatment is carried out using the colored JND in DCT domain
The compression gains of 18-20% can be obtained.
From the point of view of algorithm robustness, watermarking algorithm can be divided into robust watermarking and two kinds of fragile watermark.The latter is embedded in hidden
Hiding information can be deteriorated after by image procossing, to illustrate that digital product have passed through other people distort.The former robust
Watermarking algorithm is very high to the stability requirement of algorithm, it is desirable that carrier by after one or more image procossings still
It can obtain complete hiding information.It is developed so far from digital watermark technology, many robust watermarking algorithms are put forward one after another, and are made
For an important extension of quantization index modulation (QIM:Quantization Index Modulation) algorithm, transform expansion
Jitter modulation (STDM:Spread Transform Dither Modulation), because of its height to normal signal processing attack
Robustness, more the watermarking algorithm camera based on STDM occurs.Wherein, how to utilize STDM algorithm by watermark sequence information
It is more efficiently to be embedded into source images and then obtain the watermarking images with more high visual quality, become the coke of common concern
Point.
In recent years, with to the continuous deep of human visual system's characteristic research, human visual system (HVS:Human
Visual System) modeling method also gradually improve.Many scholars propose human visual system being introduced into algorithm
In the middle, it realizes that the adaptive feed-forward network of hiding information is handled according to the redundancy properties of human eye vision, is guaranteeing to obtain high quality watermark
The algorithm of more robust property is obtained while image.Just noticeable difference anomalous mode type (JND:Just Noticeable
It Distortion is) a kind of most common visual features model, simulation is human eye under the same conditions to image different zones
The imperceptible knots modification of maximum, obtain extensive concern and application.Watson proposes a kind of based on discrete cosine transform
The JND sensor model of (DCT:Discrete Cosine Transform) and the model has been applied in compression processing obtains
Obtained extraordinary compression effectiveness.Watson ' s JND vision mode is applied in STDM algorithm frame by Q.Li etc. for the first time,
STDM-W scheme is proposed, the calculated visual threshold of Watson ' s JND vision mode institute is utilized to form a redundancy vector
The accidental projection vector in STDM is replaced, the difference of the visual redundancy knots modification in different images region is realized, to larger view
Feel that the image coefficient of redundancy is more changed.After this, L.Ma etc. is calculated using Watson ' s JND vision mode
Visual redundancy vector and projection vector calculate quantization step to further increase the robustness of algorithm.With traditional STDM algorithm phase
Comparatively, high robust of the STDM algorithm (Logarithmetic-STDM) of log-domain after collusion attack.Log-
STDM algorithm can be transformed into logarithm again by a logarithmic function after mapping the vector of selection and random vector
To reduce influence of the collusion attack to image information in domain, robustness is improved.Wan etc. is just by Watson ' s JND vision
Model has been applied in Log-STDM algorithm frame and has achieved extraordinary effect.However, Watson ' s JND passes through source
The vision mode vision mode that image and watermarking images itself are calculated, in the insertion and extraction process of watermark, model sheet
The error that body occurs will be greatly reduced the detectability of algorithm in blind watermatking system.
In order to improve watermark insertion and detection accuracy, present disclose provides a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar,
Detection method and system, concrete scheme are as follows.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 provides a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar flow chart of embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 1, the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar of the present embodiment, comprising:
S101: source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Emulation uses the color image of a 512*512, is embedded in the binary bitmap of a width 64*64 to it respectively, remembers
Record the result of experiment.
The color space conversion formula of use is as follows:
Wherein (red) R, G (green), B (indigo plant) respectively indicate three Color Channels of original image.Y, Cb, Cr indicate conversion
Brightness (Y) and Color Channel (Cb, Cr) afterwards.
S102: Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, is extracted in each piecemeal
The coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded.
8*8 piecemeal DCT (discrete cosine transform) transformation is carried out to Y channel image, zig- is carried out to each piecemeal DCT coefficient
Zag scanning, and AC (exchange) coefficient for choosing 4-10 forms the carrier vector x to water mark inlaying, each 8*8 piecemeal is corresponding
One vector amounts to 4096.
8*8 piecemeal is carried out to the channel Y and carries out dct transform, calculates each piece of basic visual redundancy threshold value, is calculated public
Formula is as follows
WhereinIndicate that the deflection of DCT coefficient in each block, i and j are to be greater than
Or the positive integer equal to 0, i and i are respectively horizontal pixel and column pixel in relevant block.In addition, θ=arctan [1/ (2 × RVH×
)], H wherein RVHFor the ratio of sighting distance and screen height, value 1.75, H is the column pixel number of screen, value 1080；What is indicated is the orientation angle of corresponding DCT coefficient, is defined as:
ωi,0It is i, the deflection for the DCT coefficient that column pixel is 0 for pixel horizontal in relevant block；
ω0,jIt is 0 for pixel horizontal in relevant block, column pixel is the deflection of the DCT coefficient of j.
JdAnd JvIt is the empirical value obtained by JND subjective experiment, is defined as
Jd=0.0293 ωi,j 2-0.1382·ωi,j+1.75
Jv=0.0238 ωi,j 2-0.1771·ωi,j+1.75。
The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, Cb Color Channel is selected to calculate color complexity
Impact factor constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast.
JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, m and n be the positive integer more than or equal to 1 and
M and n value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, correspond to different location from
Dissipate the changeable amount of cosine transform coefficient；κ is general impacts of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to vision system
Amount；JbFor space contrast degree sensitivity function；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；Fc
For color complexity impact factor；μcmFor the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jIt is discrete remaining in each block
The deflection of string transformation coefficient.
Each piece of the brightness Adaptive Modulation factor, calculation formula are as follows:
Each piece of average brightness μp, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein L be max pixel value, value 255, N indicate luminance block size, | | I | |1It indicates to calculate each brightness
1 norm of block.τ indicates a constant, is typically set to 114.KsFor the average edge strength value of source images.
Each piece of contrast masking sensitivity factor mucmFormula is as follows:
μcm=Fe·Fd
FeIt is visual impact of the Texture complication to human eye for reflecting image block itself.Firstly, after being converted according to DCT
Three ac coefficients extract the edge feature of image, calculation formula is as follows:
Ce=| | Coe | |1
Wherein Coe={ AC0,1,AC1,0,AC1,1Indicate the feature vector being made of three low frequency coefficients.So as to
It accesses from masking impact factor, calculation formula is as follows:
FdIt is visual redundancy threshold value in view of the difference between image different zones proposes human-eye visual characteristic influence
New adjacent masking impact factor out.For the image block given for one, the complex rule degree of surrounding block can be to the block
Visual determination cause certain interference.Therefore, herein according to the direction character for extracting each image block itself, then
The feature difference between given block and surrounding block is calculated to reflect surrounding block to the visual impact of given block.Three are utilized herein
The feature that a DCT low frequency coefficient extracts on four direction each piece respectively is horizontal, vertical, main diagonal and secondary right respectively
Angular direction feature.Calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein Oh,Ov,Od1And Od2The level of extraction is respectively indicated, vertically, the feature in main diagonal sum pair diagonal direction.
(m, n) indicates each piece of position.It is a gauss of distribution function, it is prominent different right to be used to
The influence of center image block, usually distance are bigger, influence smaller.Wherein σ is the parameter of a gauss of distribution function, d table
Show the Euclidean distance between different DCT blocks； AC0,1,AC1,0,AC1,1Indicate the AC coefficient in each DCT block.
According to the four direction feature being calculated, synthesize to obtain the direction character O of entire image using existing methods,
And it calculates to the feature difference C between surrounding image block and given image blockd:
WhereinIndicate the direction character of the center image block in 5 × 5 ranges chosen.It is calculated as a result,
Adjacent masking impact factor F of the final adjacent image block to given image blockd, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate normalization operation.
Each piece of contrast masking sensitivity influences Fcm:
Wherein: g1(ωi,j) what is indicated is gamma probability density function, it is defined as
Wherein, αcm、γcmAnd δmIndicate the constant coefficient of gamma probability density function；Г function is containing parameter
The improper intergral defined with infinite product function.
Color complexity impact factor F in each piecec:
The maximum direction structure feature of each position is chosen, and calculates the color complexity factor in each 8 × 8 pieces
Qs:
Wherein max { SdirsIndicate to choose the maximum direction character of each position,It indicates in each 8*8 block
Feature is quantified and counts its complexity；K indicates fixed quantization step.
In order to really reflect human eye to the visual characteristic of different structure feature, to four sides of image zooming-out after normalization
To structure feature, calculation formula is as follows
Wherein (pi,pj) indicate each normalized pixel.(β, λ) is used to control the four direction feature of extraction, point
Not Wei horizontal (0,1), vertical (1,0), main diagonal (- 1,1) and pair are diagonally (1, -1).L indicates to be used to calculate on corresponding direction
Three normalized values.
Operation is directly normalized to the channel Cb, calculation formula is as follows:
IcFor the pixel in each channel Cb.Wherein μcAnd σcIt is expressed as choosing size being institute in 3 × 3 window
There are the average value and standard variance of value.ε is that a constant is used to avoid denominator to be zero.
Three JND sensor model synthetic image texture, brightness and color factors, it is excellent in terms of reflecting human-eye visual characteristic
In other models, it is applied in digital watermarking algorithm.When calculating influence of the image texture to human-eye visual characteristic, in addition to normal
Except the complexity of the image-region seen itself, also according to human eye to the selectivity of direction character, using it as one it is basic because
Usually simulation surrounding image-region obtains new image texture factor to the visual impact of current region.In diagonal direction
Feature is compared, and human eye has higher sensibility to the feature on both horizontally and vertically.Secondly, considering color factors pair
The influence of eye-observation, by calculating modeling of the color complexity by the influence of color in view of the JND model of color image
The difference of the model in the insertion and extraction process of watermark can be effectively reduced in Cheng Zhong, obtains more while guaranteeing fidelity
Good robustness.This method obtains the visual threshold of source images in built-in end, by JND sensor model, adjusts water in real time
The quantization step of insertion is printed, and is guaranteed in watermarking images, while considering colouring information and being perceived as color image JND
A part in model enables to the visual redundancy vector being calculated consistent with built-in end, significantly improves watermark calculation
The robustness of method.
S103: according to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, each coefficient vector pair is calculated
The quantization step answered recycles the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain to be embedded in watermark sequence information to each piecemeal.
Utilize key KEYpAnd KEYdProjection vector μ and shake needed for generating STDM embedded device for each carrier vector x
Signal di, calculate separately carrier vector x and projection x of the visual redundancy vector s on random vector μTU and sTU, and according to logarithm
Function is calculated accordingly to variable y and quantization step Δy。
Wherein, projection vector μ and dither signal diIt is utilized respectively key KEYpAnd KEYdIt accordingly obtains, KEYpIt is close to project
Key, KEYdTo shake key, the two keys are preset.
Specifically, according to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, each coefficient vector is calculated
The process of corresponding quantization step includes:
According to projection s of the visual redundancy vector s on random vector μTU calculates the corresponding amount of coefficient vector in each piece
Change step deltay, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, MdFor the maximum direction value of carrier image.Visual redundancy vector s by relevant block visual redundancy threshold value structure
At.
Include: to the process of each piecemeal insertion watermark sequence information using the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain
According to projection x of the carrier vector x on random vector uTU calculates the knots modification y on log-domain, and calculation formula is such as
Under:
By quantization step Δ is calculatedyBelieved with knots modification y according to the watermark in each piece of minimum range Detection and Extraction
Breath.
S104: the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and Cb channel image and Cr channel image one with source images are rebuild
It rises and is transformed into RGB color, obtain the color image of final insertion watermark.
According to the μ being calculated, di, y and Δy, one watermark is embedded in by jitter modulation to each piece of carrier vector x
Information replaces original coefficient with the DCT coefficient after change, and by inverse dct transform, obtain after the completion of the insertion of all piecemeals
It is embedded in the Y ' channel image of watermark.
Color Channel is carried out with Cb, Cr combination of channels according to the Y ' after insertion and is converted to RGB color, is obtained embedding
Color image after complete watermark.
The test result of the present embodiment Yu several correlation techniques, including STDM-AdaWM method, STDM- is shown below
RWM method, LSTDM-WM method, LSTDM-JND method.Fig. 2-Fig. 7 gives above method and extracts watermark under various attacks
Normalization coefficient test result comparison.
Wherein, STDM-AdaWM method refers to document " Color digital watermarking based on new sensor model is adaptively spread
Convert jitter modulation " (Ma, L. (2010) .Adaptive Spread-Transform Dither Modulation Using a
New Perceptual Model for Color Image Watermarking.IEICE transactions on
Information and systems, 93 (4), 843-857.) used in method.
STDM-RWM method refers to that document " is modulated: to amplitude scale using the improved expanding and transforming jitter of sensor model
With the robustness of jpeg compression " (Li, Q. (2007, April) .Improved spread transform dither
modulation using a perceptual model:robustness to amplitude scaling and JPEG
compression.In Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing,2007.ICASSP 2007. IEEE
International Conference on (Vol.2, pp.II-185) .IEEE.) used in method.
LSTDM-WM method refer to document " based on sensor model logarithm diffusion transformation dithering modulation of watermarking " (Wan,
W.(2013).Logarithmic spread-transform dither modulation watermarking based on
perceptual model.In 2013IEEE International Conference on Image Processing,
4522-4526.IEEE. of pages) used in method.
LSTDM-JND method refers to document " the improvement logarithm diffusion transformation jitter modulation based on robust sensor model "
(Wan,W.(2016).Improved logarithmic spread transform dither modulation using a
robust perceptual model.Multimedia Tools and Applications, 75(21):13481–
13502.) method used in.
It can be seen that according to fig. 2, the property of the defence gaussian noise attack of the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar of the present embodiment
It can be most strong；It can be seen that according to Fig. 3, the property of the defence salt-pepper noise attack of the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar of the present embodiment
It can be most strong；It can be seen that according to Fig. 4, the property of the defence JPEG compression attack of the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar of the present embodiment
It can be most strong；It can be seen that according to Fig. 5, the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar of the present embodiment and the defence of LSTDM-JND method are solid
The performance for determining gain attack is most strong；It can be seen that according to Fig. 6, the defence of the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar of the present embodiment is normal
See that the performance of Filtering Attacks is most strong；It can be seen that according to Fig. 7, the Color digital watermarking embedding grammar and STDM- of the present embodiment
The performance of the defence image cropping attack of RWM method is most strong.
Embodiment two
Fig. 8 provides a kind of Color digital watermarking detection method flow chart of embodiment two.
As shown in figure 8, the Color digital watermarking detection method of the present embodiment, comprising:
S201: source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
S202: Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, is extracted in each piecemeal
The coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded；The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, simultaneous selection Cb color is logical
Road calculates color complexity impact factor, constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast；
JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, m and n be the positive integer more than or equal to 1 and
M and n value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；
Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, corresponds to the changeable amount of different location discrete cosine transform coefficient；
κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；JbFor space contrast degree sensitivity letter
Number；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；Fc is color complexity impact factor；
μcmFor the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor the deflection of discrete cosine transform coefficient in each block.
S203: according to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, each coefficient vector pair is calculated
The quantization step answered recycles the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain to extract the watermark sequence information of each piecemeal；
Specifically, according to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, each coefficient vector is calculated
The process of corresponding quantization step includes:
According to projection s of the visual redundancy vector s on random vector μTU calculates the corresponding amount of coefficient vector in each piece
Change step deltay, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, MdFor the maximum direction value of carrier image.Visual redundancy vector s by relevant block visual redundancy threshold value structure
At.
Include: to the process of each piecemeal detection watermark sequence information using the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain
According to projection x of the carrier vector x on random vector uTU calculates the knots modification y on log-domain, and calculation formula is such as
Under:
By quantization step Δ is calculatedyBelieved with knots modification y according to the watermark in each piece of minimum range Detection and Extraction
Breath.
S204: all watermark sequence computing with words that will test out are at watermarking images.
The present embodiment is by calculating modeling of the color complexity by the influence of color in view of the JND model of color image
In the process, the difference that the model in the insertion and extraction process of watermark can be effectively reduced obtains while guaranteeing fidelity
Better robustness；In built-in end, the visual threshold of source images is obtained by JND sensor model, adjusts watermark insertion in real time
Quantization step, and guarantee in watermarking images, while considering colouring information and working as color image JND sensor model
In a part, enable to the visual redundancy vector being calculated consistent with built-in end, significantly improve the Shandong of watermarking algorithm
Stick.
Embodiment three
Fig. 9 provides a kind of Color digital watermarking embedded system structural schematic diagram of embodiment three.
As shown in figure 9, the Color digital watermarking embedded system of the present embodiment, comprising:
(1) color-space conversion module is used to source images being transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
(2) JND sensor model construct module, be used for using Y channel image as carrier image and carry out piecemeal it is discrete more than
String transformation, extracts the coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded in each piecemeal；The channel Y is calculated based on direction diversity for each piece
JND value, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculate color complexity impact factor, construct based on direction diversity and color
The JND sensor model of contrast；
JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, m and n be the positive integer more than or equal to 1 and
M and n value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；
Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, corresponds to the changeable amount of different location discrete cosine transform coefficient；
κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；JbFor space contrast degree sensitivity letter
Number；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；FcFor color complexity impact factor；μcm
For the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor the deflection of discrete cosine transform coefficient in each block.
(3) watermark sequence information is embedded in module, is used to feel according to based on the JND of direction diversity and color contrast
Perception model calculates the corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector, recycles the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain embedding to each piecemeal
Enter watermark sequence information；
(4) image reconstruction module is used to rebuild the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and the channel Cb with source images
Image and Cr channel image are transformed into RGB color together, obtain the color image of final insertion watermark.
The present embodiment is by calculating modeling of the color complexity by the influence of color in view of the JND model of color image
In the process, the difference that the model in the insertion and extraction process of watermark can be effectively reduced obtains while guaranteeing fidelity
Better robustness；In built-in end, the visual threshold of source images is obtained by JND sensor model, adjusts watermark insertion in real time
Quantization step, and guarantee in watermarking images, while considering colouring information and working as color image JND sensor model
In a part, enable to the visual redundancy vector being calculated consistent with built-in end, significantly improve the Shandong of watermarking algorithm
Stick.
Example IV
Figure 10 provides a kind of Color digital watermarking detection system structure of example IV.
As shown in Figure 10, a kind of Color digital watermarking detection system of the present embodiment, comprising:
(1) color-space conversion module is used to source images being transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
(2) JND sensor model construct module, be used for using Y channel image as carrier image and carry out piecemeal it is discrete more than
String transformation, extracts the coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded in each piecemeal；The channel Y is calculated based on direction diversity for each piece
JND value, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculate color complexity impact factor, construct based on direction diversity and color
The JND sensor model of contrast；
JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, m and n be the positive integer more than or equal to 1 and
M and n value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；
Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, corresponds to the changeable amount of different location discrete cosine transform coefficient；
κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；JbFor space contrast degree sensitivity letter
Number；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；FcFor color complexity impact factor；μcm
For the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor the deflection of discrete cosine transform coefficient in each block.
(3) watermark sequence information extraction modules are used to feel according to based on the JND of direction diversity and color contrast
Perception model calculates the corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector, and the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to extract each point
The watermark sequence information of block；
(4) watermarking images construct module, all watermark sequence computing with words for being used to will test out at watermark figure
Picture.
The present embodiment is by calculating modeling of the color complexity by the influence of color in view of the JND model of color image
In the process, the difference that the model in the insertion and extraction process of watermark can be effectively reduced obtains while guaranteeing fidelity
Better robustness；In built-in end, the visual threshold of source images is obtained by JND sensor model, adjusts watermark insertion in real time
Quantization step, and guarantee in watermarking images, while considering colouring information and working as color image JND sensor model
In a part, enable to the visual redundancy vector being calculated consistent with built-in end, significantly improve the Shandong of watermarking algorithm
Stick.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiment of the disclosure can provide as method, system or computer journey
Sequence product.Therefore, hardware embodiment, software implementation or embodiment combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the disclosure
Form.It is deposited moreover, the disclosure can be used to can be used in the computer that one or more wherein includes computer usable program code
The form for the computer program product implemented on storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage and optical memory etc.).
The disclosure is referring to method, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that can be realized by computer program instructions each in flowchart and/or the block diagram
The combination of process and/or box in process and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computers
Processor of the program instruction to general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices
To generate a machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute
For realizing the function of being specified in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram
Device.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that instruction stored in the computer readable memory generation includes
The manufacture of command device, the command device are realized in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram
Or the function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that
Series of operation steps are executed on computer or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus calculating
The instruction executed on machine or other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or side
The step of function of being specified in block diagram one box or multiple boxes.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing all or part of the process in above-described embodiment method, being can
It is completed with instructing relevant hardware by computer program, the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage
In medium, the program is when being executed, it may include such as the process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, the storage medium can
For magnetic disk, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random
AccessMemory, RAM) etc..
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, are not limited to the disclosure, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the disclosure can have various modifications and variations.It is all the disclosure spirit and principle within, it is made any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar characterized by comprising
Source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, watermark to be embedded is extracted in each piecemeal
Coefficient vector；The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates color
The complexity effect factor constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast；
According to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, the corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector is calculated
It is long, recycle the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain to be embedded in watermark sequence information to each piecemeal；
It rebuilds the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and is transformed into together with the Cb channel image of source images and Cr channel image
RGB color obtains the color image of final insertion watermark.
2. a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be based on direction diversity and face
The JND sensor model of color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, and m and n are the positive integer and m and n more than or equal to 1
Value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, and it is discrete remaining to correspond to different location
The changeable amount of string transformation coefficient；κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；Jb
For space contrast degree sensitivity function；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；FcFor color
The complexity effect factor；μcmFor the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor discrete cosine transform system in each block
Several deflections.
3. a kind of Color digital watermarking embedding grammar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that each coefficient vector is corresponding
Quantization step ΔyAre as follows:
Wherein, MdFor the maximum direction value of carrier image；sTU is projection of the visual redundancy vector s on random vector μ；Vision is superfluous
Complement vector s is made of the visual redundancy threshold value of relevant block；
Include: to the process of each piecemeal insertion watermark sequence information using the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain
According to projection x of the carrier vector x on random vector uTU calculates the knots modification y on log-domain, and calculation formula is as follows:
By quantization step Δ is calculatedyWith knots modification y according to the watermark information in each piece of minimum range Detection and Extraction.
4. a kind of Color digital watermarking detection method characterized by comprising
Source images are transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Y channel image as carrier image and is subjected to Block DCT, watermark to be embedded is extracted in each piecemeal
Coefficient vector；The channel Y is calculated based on the multifarious JND value in direction for each piece, simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates color
The complexity effect factor constructs the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast；
According to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, the corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector is calculated
It is long, recycle the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain to extract the watermark sequence information of each piecemeal；
All watermark sequence computing with words that will test out at watermarking images.
5. a kind of Color digital watermarking detection method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that be based on direction diversity and face
The JND sensor model of color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, and m and n are the positive integer and m and n more than or equal to 1
Value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, and it is discrete remaining to correspond to different location
The changeable amount of string transformation coefficient；κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；Jb
For space contrast degree sensitivity function；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；FcFor color
The complexity effect factor；μcmFor the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor discrete cosine transform system in each block
Several deflections.
6. a kind of Color digital watermarking detection method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that each coefficient vector is corresponding
Quantization step ΔyAre as follows:
Wherein, MdFor the maximum direction value of carrier image；sTU is projection of the visual redundancy vector s on random vector μ；Vision is superfluous
Complement vector s is made of the visual redundancy threshold value of relevant block；
Include: to the process of each piecemeal detection watermark sequence information using the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain
According to projection x of the carrier vector x on random vector uTU calculates the knots modification y on log-domain, and calculation formula is as follows:
By quantization step Δ is calculatedyWith knots modification y according to the watermark information in each piece of minimum range Detection and Extraction.
7. a kind of Color digital watermarking embedded system characterized by comprising
Color-space conversion module is used to source images being transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Discrete cosine transform module is used for using Y channel image as carrier image and carries out Block DCT, every
The coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded is extracted in a piecemeal；
JND sensor model constructs module, is used to project and by log-domain along certain random direction by each coefficient vector
The transformation of function obtains new changeable amount, and simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates color complexity impact factor, constructs base
In the JND sensor model of direction diversity and color contrast；
Watermark sequence information is embedded in module, is used for according to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, meter
The corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector is calculated, the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to be embedded in watermark sequence to each piecemeal
Information；
Image reconstruction module is used to rebuild the Y channel image for obtaining insertion watermark and Cb channel image and Cr with source images
Channel image is transformed into RGB color together, obtains the color image of final insertion watermark.
8. a kind of Color digital watermarking embedded system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that be based on direction diversity and face
The JND sensor model of color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, and m and n are the positive integer and m and n more than or equal to 1
Value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, and it is discrete remaining to correspond to different location
The changeable amount of string transformation coefficient；κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；Jb
For space contrast degree sensitivity function；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；FcFor color
The complexity effect factor；μcmFor the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor discrete cosine transform system in each block
Several deflections.
9. a kind of Color digital watermarking detection system characterized by comprising
Color-space conversion module is used to source images being transformed into YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Discrete cosine transform module is used for using Y channel image as carrier image and carries out Block DCT, every
The coefficient vector of watermark to be embedded is extracted in a piecemeal；
JND sensor model constructs module, is used to project and by log-domain along certain random direction by each coefficient vector
The transformation of function obtains new changeable amount, and simultaneous selection Cb Color Channel calculates color complexity impact factor, constructs base
In the JND sensor model of direction diversity and color contrast；
Watermark sequence information extraction modules are used for according to the JND sensor model based on direction diversity and color contrast, meter
The corresponding quantization step of each coefficient vector is calculated, the jitter modulation algorithm of log-domain is recycled to extract the watermark sequence of each piecemeal
Column information；
Watermarking images construct module, all watermark sequence computing with words for being used to will test out at watermarking images.
10. a kind of Color digital watermarking embedded system as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that based on direction diversity and
The JND sensor model of color contrast:
Wherein, Ejnd(m, n) is the visual redundancy threshold value of (m, n) a block, and m and n are the positive integer and m and n more than or equal to 1
Value be respectively less than or equal to division total block data amount；Each piece obtains a visual redundancy threshold value, and it is discrete remaining to correspond to different location
The changeable amount of string transformation coefficient；κ is amount of the individual visual redundancy threshold value discovered of characterization to the general impacts of vision system；Jb
For space contrast degree sensitivity function；FlaFor the Adaptive Modulation factor of brightness；FcmFor contrast masking sensitivity impact factor；FcFor color
The complexity effect factor；μcmFor the contrast masking sensitivity factor；μpFor average brightness；ωi,jFor discrete cosine transform system in each block
Several deflections.
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