CN110231655A - One kind being suitable for underground in-seam seismograph - Google Patents
One kind being suitable for underground in-seam seismograph Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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Abstract
One kind being suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, can solve existing in-seam seismograph and exist and real-time monitoring data quality or can not need to use the cable of overlength as the technical problem of big gun line construction complexity.Including sequentially connected host, master control cross-station, acquisition station, seismic sensor, wherein acquisition station is transferred to master control cross-station by the signal acquisition of seismic sensor and after digitizing upwards, and master control cross-station uploads to host；Acquisition station acquires seismic sensor data on whole survey line；It further include trigger recording instrument and blaster, trigger recording instrument is connected to blaster by both threads, and trigger recording instrument detects the short circuit of this both threads when blaster detonates, and then records triggering moment.Present invention eliminates the big gun lines of overlength, realize real-time monitoring data quality, and no matter acquisition channel number how many all only need that GPS device and constant-temperature crystal oscillator are installed in triggering moment recorder and master control cross-station, greatly reduce system power dissipation, greatly improve practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical prospecting equipment fields, and in particular to one kind is suitable for underground in-seam seismograph.
Background technique
Seam seismic exploration method is carried out in down-hole coal bed exploitation working face, seismic survey lines receiving point and excitation point edge
Coal road road is laid, geological structure or other geological anomalous bodies in direct detection coal seam.The most common prospecting is bounce technique and folding
Method is penetrated, in-seam seismograph is exactly the seismometer device in underground in this way, with the common seismic detector used on ground
Have no essential distinction.
More representative currently on the market there are two types of in-seam seismographs, one is the YTZ3 type mine of Zhong Meike work group
Seismic detector, another kind are German II Ex series in-seam seismographs of Summit.However they have the shortcomings that obvious, YTZ3 is a kind of
Distributed independent acquisition seismic detector does not communicate between multiple stations, can not real-time monitoring data quality.And its form of construction work is complicated,
It must first be powered on well before all acquisition station work to synchronize GPS signal, take underground work to again later.In addition its acquisition is same
Step precision is lower, and error is up to 1ms within 8 hours.And II Ex series of Summit is that one kind has cable seismic detector, but its significant deficiency is
Focus with acquisition system is connected by cable, this cable can achieve several kilometers in underground length, and retractable cable is all pole
Big workload, and so long cable resistance is larger, and trigger sensitivity also can accordingly decline.And down-hole coal bed obstruction so that
Wireless transmission is had a greatly reduced quality, and traditional remote control explosive manner is significantly restrained, and also can not replace wired big gun by distant quick-fried mode
Line.A kind of in-seam seismograph for being suitable for underground and using is designed for these problems this patent, it both may be implemented to adopt in real time
Collect data quality monitoring, and does not need using wired big gun line.
Summary of the invention
Proposed by the present invention a kind of suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, can solve existing in-seam seismograph presence can not be real
When monitoring data quality or need to use the cable of the overlength technical problem complicated as the construction of big gun line.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
One kind being suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, comprising:
Including sequentially connected host, master control cross-station, acquisition station, seismic sensor, wherein acquisition station is by seismic sensor
It is transferred to master control cross-station upwards after signal acquisition and digitlization, master control cross-station uploads to host；
The acquisition station acquires seismic sensor data on whole survey line；
It further include trigger recording instrument and blaster, trigger recording instrument is connected to blaster by both threads, and blaster triggers when detonating
Recorder detects the short circuit of this both threads, then records triggering moment.
Further, include MCU inside the trigger recording instrument, and respectively with the GPS receiver of MCU communication connection,
Constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO mono-, Ethernet ETH and SD storage card；
Trigger recording instrument first passes through GPS receiver and gets GPS information on well before every task, passes through constant-temperature crystal oscillator later
Mono- keeping count of OCXO will record lower constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO mono- and lock in GPS receiver when detecting trigger signal every time
Tale later, and it is deposited into SD storage card.
Further, the master control cross-station includes FPGA, and respectively with the CPU of FPGA communication connection, 8 ADC, with
Too net transceiver ETH1 and ETH2, GPS module and constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO bis-；
Master control cross-station powers on well before work starts GPS information is got by GPS module after take underground again
Work；
It is by bis- keeping count of constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO and not multiple during entire underground work when the master control cross-station works
Position.
Further, the acquisition station is N, and N is the natural number more than or equal to 1；
Master control cross-station issues a synch command every half an hour, and all acquisition stations are after receiving this order all to ADC
Device carries out a simultaneously operating, and punctum realigns at this moment in the road Ji Ge, and the error that front is accumulated is eliminated, data frame number
It all resets, frame counter restarts to count until synch command arrival next time.
Further, it is connect inside the FPGA of master control cross-station including phase-locked loop module, counter, GPS interface module, ADC
Mouth mold block, command module, Ethernet transceiver module, data framing module, data transmission blocks and cpu i/f module；
The output of constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO bis- enters after fpga chip, is supplied first by the clock that phase-locked loop module generates 4.096MHz
ADC interface module inside the ADC chip and FPGA of master control cross-station uses；After the frequency division coefficient of simultaneous selection setting generates
The clock that face counter uses, this clock realize that first pulse per second (PPS) rising edge after three-dimensional localization starts to open in GPS signal
It is dynamic to count, and do not stop counting during entirely powering on；
Unison counter is notified that command module generates junior's acquisition station reset command after every meter full stipulated time, this life
It enables being sent to after ethernet transceiver by ethernet interface module and is transmitted to acquisition main website, junior；
8 road adc datas of the ADC interface module acquisition master control cross-station itself, can record simultaneously later in the framing stage
It is counted by the absolute timestamp that counter module provides and the relative time of frame number counter offer stabs frame number, the frame meeting organized
Cpu i/f module is passed to together with the data come up are sent from junior's acquisition station, cpu i/f module will initiate DMA to CPU
Request, and corresponding frame data are sent to CPU according to the timing of agreement after being responded.
As shown from the above technical solution, proposed by the invention structure and the side of synchronization suitable for underground in-seam seismograph
Case, the big gun line that the tradition of ratio has cable seismic detector scheme to eliminate overlength are able to achieve real-time prison than untethered node memory-type seismic detector
Control the quality of data, and no matter acquisition channel number how many all only need to install in triggering moment recorder and master control cross-station
GPS device and constant-temperature crystal oscillator, greatly reduce system power dissipation, greatly improve practicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is trigger recording instrument structural block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is master control cross-station structural block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is master control cross-station FPGA internal structure block diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Fig. 1 show the structure chart of in-seam seismograph system described in the embodiment of the present invention.Entire seismic detector by host,
Master control cross-station, acquisition station, big line cable, sensor and triggering moment recorder and blaster composition.Wherein acquisition station is
The basic unit of whole system is constituted, acquisition station transmits (towards master upwards step by step by the signal acquisition of sensor and after digitizing
Control cross-station direction), all acquisition data are finally summarised on master control cross-station and upload to host.
Blaster is connected to blaster by both threads using MFB50-2 type exploder common on mine, trigger recording instrument,
Recorder can detecte the short circuit of this both threads when detonation, then record triggering moment.It is connect inside trigger recording instrument including GPS
Receive device, constant-temperature crystal oscillator (OCXO), the MCU of STM32 series, Ethernet ETH, SD storage card, triggering pick-up circuit.Every task it
Preceding recorder first gets GPS information on well, later by the frequency stability keeping count of constant-temperature crystal oscillator superelevation on plate, often
It is secondary to will record tale of the lower constant-temperature crystal oscillator after GPS lock when detect trigger signal, and be deposited on plate
SD storage card.
Constant-temperature crystal oscillator model used in inside trigger recording of embodiment of the present invention instrument is ECOC-2522-38.400-3FS,
Its frequency stability is 5ppb(5/1000000000ths), using 48 hours continuous counter cumulative errors of this crystal oscillator in 0.864ms.This
Index can satisfy in-seam seismograph in underground net cycle time completely, that is to say, that this trigger recording during entire exploration
Instrument may be considered zero error, it is not necessary to take and correct clock again through GPS again on well.
Another Core equipment of the embodiment of the present invention is master control cross-station, on the one hand it is completed as common acquisition station
Detector data acquisition, on the other hand it will be responsible for the time synchronization of entire acquisition system.It is by a piece of EP4CE55F23I7N's
FPGA(field programmable gate array), the CPU of AM3352BZCZ, 8 ADC, two ethernet transceiver ETH1 and ETH2, GPS
Module and OCXO composition.It, which needs to power on well as trigger recording instrument before work starts, gets GPS information
Take underground work again later.Constant-temperature crystal oscillator keeping count on plate is also relied on later, this counter is in entire underground work
Period does not reset.It is worth mentioning that whole system needs GPS function with regard to the two equipment, ultra-high frequency stability is needed
Constant-temperature crystal oscillator.Emphasize that GPS function and constant-temperature crystal oscillator mainly consider from system power dissipation at original, especially its power consumption of constant-temperature crystal oscillator
It is huge, it can achieve 1.5W to 3W, be more than the sum of other power consumptions of acquisition system, it can be seen that do not take node storage seismographic
The scheme of one constant-temperature crystal oscillator in every station has big advantage.It is only necessary to the much lower common temperature compensation of power consumption is brilliant for other acquisition stations
Vibration.Constant-temperature crystal oscillator at this time is added when the ADC collected data completion group data frame of itself in the FPGA of master control cross-station
Counting 5 bytes, this absolute time for being equivalent to every frame data while having a frame number there are also GPS clock after synchronous
Stamp.Frame number is used to extract data in the never acquisition station of absolute timestamp.
Other acquisition stations are system basic units, are responsible for seismic sensor data on the whole survey line of acquisition.Its basic structure
Essential distinction is had no with the common distributed seismic instrument in land.However by the Timing Synchronization order on master control cross-station, adopt
Collection station can reach the accumulative stability for being equivalent to 5ppb for a long time only with the temperature compensating crystal oscillator of 280ppb frequency stability.At this
The temperature compensating crystal oscillator model that inventive embodiments acquisition station uses is 7N-19.200MBP-T, nominal frequency 19.2MHz, and stability is
280ppb.This stability determines that its Accumulated deviation just had reached 1ms less than 1 hour for this crystal oscillator free-running operation, if put
Being allowed to 48 hours its cumulative errors of free-running operation will be greater than 48ms, calculates synchronous error at this time according to the 1ms sampling interval and has reached
To 48 sampled points, it will cause serious dislocation and be not available.The solution that the present invention provides be by master control cross-station every
Half an hour issues a synch command, and all acquisition stations all carry out a subsynchronous behaviour to ADC device after receiving this order
Make, it means that punctum realigns at this moment in each road, and the 0.5ms error that front is accumulated will be eliminated, and data frame number is whole
It resets, frame counter restarts to count until synch command arrival next time.
The detailed description below embodiment of the present invention:
The seismic detector of the embodiment of the present invention first has to synchronous master control cross-station and trigger recording instrument on well before exploration of going into the well,
Specific practice is in the GPGSA sentence in the NMEA sentence for the 3D fix(GPS module output for waiting GPS signal after powering on
Mode2 field is that 3), GPS time corresponding to the rising edge of first pulse per second (PPS) after it is 3 needs to record (the date
Hour Minute Second is recorded), and constant-temperature crystal oscillator starts counting at this time as the counter of clock.It is worth noting that the two set
It is standby to use respective GPS receiver, thus be at the time of 3D fix it is different, when needing to record its locking respectively
It carves and is extracted for final data.The two equipment, which need not power off, all after completion locking takes underground to.
In underground, triggering moment recorder exports the triggering that two core firing lines are connected to blaster, will by photoelectric coupled circuit
Short-circuit trigger signal is converted into pulse output, and records the counting of constant-temperature crystal oscillator counter corresponding to this rising edge of a pulse.
Due to may be continuous service 48 hours in underground, and the clock that this programme uses be 38.4MHz, so needing one 48
Counter.And counter maximum only has 32 in STM32, remaining is 16 counters, so needing to cascade two countings
Device synthesizes 48 digit counters.Realize that TIM2 is generated after counting spilling using by TIM2 and TIM3 cascade in this program
One event ITR2, using this event as the trigger signal of TIM3.The program run on STM32 be responsible for by triggering moment the two
The counting of counter is merged into 48 data and is stored in SD card in file.
Master control cross-station realizes that the core of synchronizing function is inside FPGA.As shown in figure 4, master control cross-station
Inside FPGA by phase-locked loop module, counter, GPS interface module, ADC interface module, command module, Ethernet transceiver module,
Data framing module, data transmission blocks and cpu i/f module composition.Constant-temperature crystal oscillator output enters after fpga chip, first
It first passes through phaselocked loop and generates ADC interface module use of the clock of 4.096MHz for the ADC chip on plate and inside FPGA.Together
When select frequency division coefficient appropriate to generate the clock that counter uses below, this clock is realized in GPS signal after three-dimensional localization
First pulse per second (PPS) rising edge start starting and count, and do not stop counting during entirely powering on.Unison counter is every
After counting full half an hour, it is notified that command module generates junior's acquisition station reset command.This order passes through ethernet interface module
It is sent to ethernet transceiver and is transmitted to acquisition main website, junior later.Another aspect ADC interface module is responsible for acquiring our station itself
8 road adc datas, later can the framing stage simultaneously record by counter module provide absolute timestamp count and frame number
The relative time that counter provides stabs frame number.The frame organized can be transmitted together with the data come up are sent from junior's acquisition station
Give cpu i/f module, the latter is responsible for that DMA request will be initiated to CPU, and after being responded according to the timing of agreement by several frames
Data are sent to CPU.
Further, constant-temperature crystal oscillator output signal enter be connected to phaselocked loop after FPGA generate 4.096MHz when
Clock signal is used for ADC chip and ADC interface module.The clock of this superhigh precision can drive 48 countings simultaneously
Device, this counter are that first pulse per second (PPS) rising edge after GPS signal locking starts to count as in trigger recording instrument
Number, the counting that data framing module will be current by this counter when one data frame of composition every time are written in frame,
It is equivalent to be aware of the framing moment of each frame data in conjunction with the GPS time stamp of starting.On the other hand the data of each acquisition station
Ethernet interface module in FPGA is reached by Ethernet, then this partial data is sent to data transmission blocks.Later
The data frame that the data frame and acquisition station of our station group are sent by Ethernet can be sent in turn cpu i/f module from
And it is transmitted toward host side.Except that the existing opposite frame number of local data frame also has an absolute GPS moment, and acquisition station
Data frame only have opposite frame number.It thereby realizes and is found by the absolute GPS moment blown out in trigger recording instrument
Data frame number in master station at this time can extract those of same frame number number in each acquisition station by this frame number
According to frame, to be combined into final original single shot record.It also include a command module inside FPGA, it is in the every meter of counter full half
Hour all can issue synch command by Ethernet, so that each acquisition station re-synchronization, frame number is reset.
Acquisition station receives order by ethernet module or uploads acquisition data.After it receives synch command,
The synchronization signal of ADC chip, and reset frame sequence number counter can be enabled, starts continuous collecting data later, according to customized
Agreement framing (frame number start from plus).It is clearly to eliminate per the accumulative error of subsynchronous 280ppb crystal oscillator local later
, the Absolute timing errors of whole system become the cumulative errors of the 5ppb crystal oscillator on master control cross-station.It is exactly based on this
Mode realizes the long-time high-precise synchronization scheme of low-power consumption cost.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that:
Including sequentially connected host, master control cross-station, acquisition station, seismic sensor, wherein acquisition station is by seismic sensor
It is transferred to master control cross-station upwards after signal acquisition and digitlization, master control cross-station uploads to host；
The acquisition station acquires seismic sensor data on whole survey line；
It further include trigger recording instrument and blaster, trigger recording instrument is connected to blaster by both threads, and blaster triggers when detonating
Recorder detects the short circuit of this both threads, then records triggering moment.
2. according to claim 1 be suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that: packet inside the trigger recording instrument
Include MCU, and respectively with the GPS receiver of MCU communication connection, constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO mono-, Ethernet ETH and SD storage card；
Trigger recording instrument first passes through GPS receiver and gets GPS information on well before every task, passes through constant-temperature crystal oscillator later
Mono- keeping count of OCXO will record lower constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO mono- and lock in GPS receiver when detecting trigger signal every time
Tale later, and it is deposited into SD storage card.
3. according to claim 1 be suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that: the master control cross-station includes
FPGA, and respectively with the CPU of FPGA communication connection, 8 ADC, ethernet transceiver ETH1 and ETH2, GPS module and perseverance
Warm crystal oscillator OCXO bis-；
Master control cross-station powers on well before work starts GPS information is got by GPS module after take underground again
Work；
It is by bis- keeping count of constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO and not multiple during entire underground work when the master control cross-station works
Position.
4. according to claim 3 be suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that:
The acquisition station is N, and N is the natural number more than or equal to 1；
Master control cross-station issues a synch command every setting time, and all acquisition stations are after receiving this order all to all
ADC device carries out a simultaneously operating, and punctum realigns at this moment in the road Ji Ge, and the error that front is accumulated is eliminated, data frame
Serial number is all reset, and frame counter restarts to count until synch command arrival next time.
5. according to claim 4 be suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that:
The temperature compensating crystal oscillator model that the acquisition station uses is 7N-19.200MBP-T, nominal frequency 19.2MHz, and stability is
280ppb。
6. according to claim 3 be suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that:
It include phase-locked loop module, counter, GPS interface module, ADC interface module, order mould inside the FPGA of master control cross-station
Block, Ethernet transceiver module, data framing module, data transmission blocks and cpu i/f module；
The output of constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO bis- enters after fpga chip, is supplied first by the clock that phase-locked loop module generates 4.096MHz
ADC interface module inside the ADC chip and FPGA of master control cross-station uses；After the frequency division coefficient of simultaneous selection setting generates
The clock that face counter uses, this clock realize that first pulse per second (PPS) rising edge after three-dimensional localization starts to open in GPS signal
It is dynamic to count, and do not stop counting during entirely powering on；
Unison counter is notified that command module generates junior's acquisition station reset command after every meter full stipulated time, this life
It enables being sent to after ethernet transceiver by ethernet interface module and is transmitted to acquisition main website, junior；
8 road adc datas of the ADC interface module acquisition master control cross-station itself, can record simultaneously later in the framing stage
It is counted by the absolute timestamp that counter module provides and the relative time of frame number counter offer stabs frame number, the frame meeting organized
Cpu i/f module is passed to together with the data come up are sent from junior's acquisition station, cpu i/f module will initiate DMA to CPU
Request, and corresponding frame data are sent to CPU according to the timing of agreement after being responded.
7. according to claim 1 be suitable for underground in-seam seismograph, it is characterised in that: inside the trigger recording instrument
Constant-temperature crystal oscillator OCXO mono- is ECOC-2522-38.400-3FS using model, and frequency stability is 5ppb.
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| CN112130446A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 深圳市博铭维智能科技有限公司 | GPS trigger type microsecond meter |
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