CN110231069A - A kind of accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss - Google Patents
A kind of accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/02—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by gauge glasses or other apparatus involving a window or transparent tube for directly observing the level to be measured or the level of a liquid column in free communication with the main body of the liquid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of accurate measurement methods of cooling tower water loss, the total losses water of cooling tower is measured first, then wind speed, atmospheric density, cooling tower drenching area and the air humidity content for passing in and out cooling tower in cooling tower are measured, calculate to obtain cooling tower evaporation loss water, evaporation loss water finally is subtracted with total losses water and water is lost in blowdown, it obtains drift and drips loss water, to realize that evaporation loss water and drift drop lose accurately calculating for water.The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem, it is accurate with water loss measurement data, test period is short, it can satisfy supplement water recycling and float project of dripping, the Accurate Analysis of cooling tower water loss and cooling the characteristics of needs of tower Hydraulic Design, in addition, also having the characteristics that measurement method is simple and intelligent data collection system convenient to carry out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss, especially a kind of cooling tower drift drop and evaporation
Lose the Accurate Analysis method of water.
Background technique
Cooling tower is one of industrial common main cooling equipment, mainly the generation by system in process of production
Waste heat is delivered to cooling tower by aqueous medium, and water body heat release in cooling tower, then recycling obtains water after cooling
Body, and it is transported to circulation in system.During the water body of carrying waste heat is exothermic in cooling tower, it will be produced because of water body heat release
A part of water body of raw evaporation loss, and a part of water body of drift drop loss is inevitably generated, it exports and arranges from cooling tower
Out.But have lost how many from the circulating water body that cooling tower is discharged respectively in this way.Currently without accurate measuring technology, and accurate point
Analysis process.
Since prior art condition is not capable of measuring evaporation loss and drift drop loss, it also just cannot get the loss of cooling tower water amount；
Therefore, at present in practical engineering applications, data acquisition and makeup water stream amount are carried out to water using collecting-tank liquid level water level meter
Meter shares, and needs to test the test average for obtaining cooling tower water loss by long time-tracking.When being tested by such method,
Longer test period is usually required, is reduced as far as possible with reaching error amount.That is, existing current test method cannot
Convenient, real-time and accurate acquisition water loss data.
The project of spray supplement water recycling drift drop in cooling tower, it is also desirable to accurate, stable supplement
Water bar part.It due to being equipped with the device of spray supplement water in cooling tower, is reached back by spray supplement water
Holding work drop, to reduce the use of supplement water, thus it is necessary to take more accurate, real-time cooling tower water loss data, into
Row meets the benefit water charge condition of project needs.
To sum up, the deficiency of the test of existing cooling tower water loss is mainly manifested in:
1. existing cooling tower water loss data are inaccurate, period testing time is long, it is not able to satisfy existing practical work
Supplement water operation uniformly, accurately is carried out to cooling tower in Cheng Yingyong；
2. not being able to satisfy the needs that project of dripping is floated in spray supplement water recycling in tower；
3. not being able to satisfy enterprise to the needs of the Accurate Analysis of cooling tower water loss；
4. not being able to satisfy to requirements of one's work such as the Hydraulic Designs of cooling tower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accurate measurement methods of cooling tower water loss.The present invention solves
State technical problem, have water loss measurement data it is accurate, test period is short, can satisfy supplement water recycling drift drip project,
The Accurate Analysis of water loss and cooling the characteristics of needs of tower Hydraulic Design, in addition, also having measurement method simple
Feature.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss, measurement cooling tower is total first
Water is lost, the wind speed in cooling tower, atmospheric density, cooling tower drenching area are then measured and passes in and out the air of cooling tower containing wet
Amount, calculates to obtain cooling tower evaporation loss water, finally subtracts evaporation loss water with total losses water and water is lost in blowdown, obtain
Drop loss water must be floated, to realize that evaporation loss water and drift drip accurately calculating for loss water.
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the total losses water are catchmented by measuring cooling tower
The water surface surface area in pond, the liquid level variable quantity in the unit time in collecting-tank and the supplement water in injection cooling tower circulating water system
It is calculated after flow.
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the differential equation of the calculating are dE=W1±Aa*
dhw；Wherein, AaFor the water surface surface area of cooling tower collecting-tank, unit m2、dhwBecome for the liquid level in collecting-tank in the unit time
Change amount, unit m/h, W1For the makeup water stream amount in injection cooling tower circulating water system, unit m3/ h, dE is that cooling tower is total
Lose water, unit m3/ h, when liquid level is to increase in the unit time, Aa*dhwFor negative sign, on the contrary is positive sign.
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the liquid level variation in the unit time in collecting-tank
Amount, is according to fluid pressure conduction principle, by the liquidometer being arranged in collecting-tank, using artificial or intelligent data
Acquisition system obtains.
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the intelligent data collection system are supersonic liquid level
Measuring instrument or radar level gauge.
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the formula of the cooling tower evaporation loss water calculating
For de=(d2-d1)*υρA；Wherein, deFor evaporation loss water, unit kg/s, d1It is wet into containing for the air of cooling tower
Amount, unit are kg/kg DA, d2For be discharged cooling tower air water capacity, unit is kg/kg DA, υ is wind in cooling tower
Speed, unit m/s, ρ are the atmospheric density in cooling tower, unit kg/m3, A be cooling tower drenching area, unit m2。
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the υ=((υ1+υ2+υ3)/3+0.1)/2, wherein
υ1、υ2And υ3The wind speed in cooling tower three times respectively continuously measured, unit m/s.
The accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss above-mentioned, the blowdown loss water pass through collecting-tank drain outlet
Flowmeter directly measure.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1, then the present invention measures wind speed, atmospheric density, cooling in tower by the total losses water of first measurement cooling tower
The air humidity content of tower drenching area and disengaging cooling tower, calculates evaporation loss water, subtracts steaming finally by total losses water
Drift drop loss water is calculated in hair loss water and blowdown loss water, so that the various pieces to the water that causes damages carry out
Analysis, keeps test result more accurate, can satisfy supplement water recycling and floats the project, the Accurate Analysis of cooling tower water loss of dripping
With the needs of cooling tower Hydraulic Design；
2, the acquisition of cooling tower total losses water of the present invention only need to measure collecting-tank SEA LEVEL VARIATION, catchment pool area and
The flow of water is supplemented, and evaporation loss water only needs to measure air humidity content, the wind speed, atmospheric density of disengaging cooling tower
With cooling tower drenching area and calculated, measurement process is simple, convenient, and can real-time detection, measurement and calculating, have
Measurement method is simple, test period short advantage.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is that one kind of measurement method of the present invention is catchmented pool liquid level measuring device.
Attached drawing 2 is that the another kind of measurement method of the present invention catchments pool liquid level measuring device.
Description of symbols: 1- siphon pipe, 2-U shape pipe limnograph, 3-L shape pipe limnograph, 4- intelligence number
According to acquisition system.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but is not intended as the foundation limited the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment 1: the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss, steps are as follows:
(1) water surface surface area A of the method measurement cooling tower collecting-tank of traditional area measurement is utilizeda, unit m2, benefit
In the 2 manual measurement unit time of U-tube limnograph described in attached L shape pipe limnograph 3 shown in FIG. 1 or attached drawing 2
Liquid level variable quantity dh in collecting-tankw, unit m/h, in addition, measuring the benefit in injection cooling tower circulating water system with flowmeter
Filling flow W1, unit m3Then/h passes through differential equation dE=W1±Aa*dhwIt calculates and obtains cooling tower total losses water dE,
Unit is m3/h；
Wherein, when liquid level is to increase in the unit time, Aa*dhwFor negative sign, on the contrary is positive sign；
(2) enter the water capacity d of the air of cooling tower using humidity measuring apparatus measurement1With containing for the air of discharge cooling tower
Moisture d2, unit is kg/kg DA, and utilizes conventional face with the air velocity υ in anemobiagraph measurement cooling tower, unit m/s
Product measurement method measures cooling tower drenching area A, unit m2, then pass through formula de=(d2-d1) * υ ρ A acquisition cooling tower
Evaporation loss water de, unit kg/s；ρ is the atmospheric density in cooling tower, unit kg/m3；
(3) evaporation loss water d is subtracted using cooling tower total losses water dEeWith blowdown loss water (measurement when,
It is usually 0 that water is lost in blowdown, if there is blowdown situation, is then directly measured by the flowmeter being mounted on blow-off line
), drift drop loss water is obtained, to be accurately obtained the evaporation loss water and drift drop loss water of cooling-tower circulating water.
Embodiment 2: the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss, steps are as follows:
(1) water surface surface area A of the method measurement cooling tower collecting-tank of traditional area measurement is utilizeda, unit m2, benefit
The intelligent data collection system 4 described in attached drawing 2 (Ultrasonic Liquid Level Indicator or radar level gauge) intelligent measuring unit
Liquid level variable quantity dh in time in collecting-tankw, unit m/h, in addition, measuring injection cooling tower circulating water system with flowmeter
Interior makeup water stream amount W1, unit m3Then/h passes through differential equation dE=W1±Aa*dhwIt calculates and obtains cooling tower total losses
Water dE, unit m3/h；
Wherein, when liquid level is to increase in the unit time, Aa*dhwFor negative sign, on the contrary is positive sign；
(2) enter the water capacity d of the air of cooling tower using humidity measuring apparatus measurement2With containing for the air of discharge cooling tower
Moisture d1, unit is kg/kg DA, and continuously measures the air velocity υ in cooling tower three times with anemobiagraph1、υ2And υ3, utilize public affairs
Formula υ=((υ1+υ2+υ3)/3+0.1)/2 be calculated average air flow velocity υ (wherein 0.1 be minimum wind speed), unit m/s, benefit
Cooling tower drenching area A, unit m are measured with conventional area measurement mode2, then pass through formula de=(d2-d1) * υ ρ A obtain it is cold
But the evaporation loss water d of towere, unit kg/s；ρ is the atmospheric density in cooling tower, unit kg/m3；
(3) evaporation loss water d is subtracted using cooling tower total losses water dEeWith blowdown loss water (measurement when,
It is usually 0 that water is lost in blowdown, if there is blowdown situation, is then directly measured by the flowmeter being mounted on blow-off line
), drift drop loss water is obtained, to be accurately obtained the evaporation loss water and drift drop loss water of cooling-tower circulating water.
Application example:
It is implemented in Guizhou Pan Jiang cleaned coal limited liability company fire paving spoil power plant within 2 months 2017 and cooling tower water is damaged
The accurate test lost.The natural wet cooling tower high 60m, collecting-tank planar diameter 42m, drenching area 2* of 2 of the power plant
1000m2, nominal cycle water flow is 9720m3/h。
When test, the factory do not have blowdown lose water, for this purpose, cooling tower water loss be just reduced to be equal to evaporation loss and
The water of drift drop loss.
Embodiment is to be mounted with flowmeter in condensate make-up piping first, then, one section of transparent hose is filled clear water,
After air in discharge pipe, one end of transparent hose is placed in collecting-tank in the water of certain depth, the other end and circulation water dispenser
One end of U-tube liquidometer (as shown in Fig. 2) in room is connected, and the placement height of liquidometer and collecting-tank height phase
Deng about in same level.At this moment, according to fluid pressure conduction principle, U-tube liquidometer shows the pit level that catchments
Data, U-tube liquidometer graduated scale be 1m straight steel ruler, minimum scale 1mm, display precision be ± 1mm.
Table 1: test data summarizes
Note: when calculating, data subtracted previous data and obtain liquid level variable quantity 1. liquid level datas at that time；2. wind speed in tower
Using average value=(testing mean+minimum presses 0.1m/s)/2.3. circulating water flow is two towers, when calculating, presses 9720*
0.85/ (2*3.6)=1147kg/s.
Interpretation of result
Tower exports total losses water, and when according to not supplementing water, the variation of liquid level is obtained in the collecting-tank unit time；Supplement water
When, liquid level increase/decrease, amount of makeup water subtracts the/corresponding water of liquid feeding position variation.Specifically obtain as the following formula:
Measure the water surface surface area A of cooling tower collecting-tanka, unit m2, the liquid level in cooling water of units of measurement time in collecting-tank becomes
Change amount dhw, unit m/h, in addition, measuring the makeup water stream amount W in injection cooling tower circulating water system with flowmeter1, unit is
m3Then/h passes through differential equation dE=W1±Aa*dhwIt calculates and obtains cooling tower total losses water dE, unit m3/h；Wherein,
When liquid level is to increase in the unit time, Aa*dhwFor negative sign, on the contrary is positive sign；
Pool area is catchmented according to two identical size cooling towers that power plant provides for Aa=1384.74m2, water is not being supplemented
When, the pit level that catchments decline 1mm (0.001m), then in the corresponding unit time water collecting pool volume water variable quantity dV=(Aa*
dhw) * 2=(1384.74*0.001) * 2=2.77m3。
According to the test result to the pit level that catchments, calculate cooling tower water loss amount in different time sections, have different
Water loss amount is shown in Table 2.
Table 2: test liquid level data computational chart
Note: water loss amount is total losses water, and a wet tower loss water is the half of total amount.
This shows the cooling tower operational process in engineer application, the stable item of the operating parameters such as circulating water flow and temperature
Under part.Tower outlet water loss is variation, and between the maximum 7-8 point of liquid level drop-out value, liquid level declines 44-38.8=
5.2cm/h (0.052m/h), it is 144m that the pit level that catchments declines volume water accordingly3Water loss amount between/h, 13-14 point
Take second place, liquid level changes minimum 2.2cm/h between 8-9 point, and it is 60.9m that liquid level, which declines volume water,3/ h is not a constant.
Test result is shown, from 7 points to 16 points of morning, between the maximum 7-8 point of liquid level drop-out value, liquid level declines 44-
38.8=5.2cm (0.052m), it is 0.052*2*42*42*3.14/4=that the pit level that catchments declines volume water accordingly
144m3Water loss amount between/h, 13-14 point is taken second place, and liquid level changes minimum 2.2cm between 8-9 point, and liquid level declines volumetric water
Amount is 60.9m3/ h, the period, the amount of makeup water that flowmeter shows access into cooling tower circulating water system is 21m3/ h, when adding up to this
Section cooling tower water loss is 60.9+21=82m3/h。
The measurement result of evaporation loss water is as shown in table 3.
Note: (1) deThe data calculated for water capacity difference；de *For the calculating data of evaporation loss equation；de #For evaporation loss
The data of empirical equation.(2) data come from Tables 1 and 2.(3) " * " indicates to calculate using formula (3-7).(4) Δ=(de *-
de.)/de ** 100%.(4).EeFor empirical equation acquisition；Ee *For exact computation results.
Table 3 shows that the Accurate Analysis result for floating drop is up to 7.9kg/s, minimum 0.25kg/s；With the mistake of empirical equation
Difference, maximum drift drop precise information are about 3.5 times that empirical equation calculates data, and the smallest is the 10% of empirical equation data,
It can be seen that the variation range of the Ee accurately calculated is larger, it is not constant.
It is 12.11kg/s that water capacity difference gained de display maximum data, which is the 1st group,；The smallest is 9.35 kg/s.Two kinds
The calculated result of Accurate Analysis evaporation loss is closer to, worst error 3.1%, and minimum 0.54%.The result of empirical equation
(13.53-11.94)/13.53*100%=11.75% that result worst error with water capacity difference is the 7th group；Minimum
2 groups are 0.9%.
Such test result is shown, under conditions of operating parameter is stablized, cooling tower evaporation loss and drop loss of floaing
It will be the variation with environmental condition and change.
The preferable specific embodiment of the above, only the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not
It is confined to this, anyone skilled in the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to the present invention
The technical solution of creation and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover the invention protection scope it
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss, it is characterised in that: the total losses water of cooling tower is measured first,
Then wind speed, atmospheric density, cooling tower drenching area and the air humidity content for passing in and out cooling tower in cooling tower are measured, is calculated
Cooling tower evaporation loss water finally subtracts evaporation loss water with total losses water and water is lost in blowdown, obtains drift drop damage
Fluid loss, to realize that evaporation loss water and drift drop lose accurately calculating for water.
2. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the total losses water
Amount is by measuring the water surface surface area of cooling tower collecting-tank, the liquid level variable quantity in the unit time in collecting-tank and injection cooling
It is calculated after makeup water stream amount in tower circulation.
3. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the calculating
The differential equation is dE=W1±Aa*dhw；Wherein, AaFor the water surface surface area of cooling tower collecting-tank, unit m2、dhwWhen for unit
Liquid level variable quantity in interior collecting-tank, unit m/h, W1It is single for the makeup water stream amount in injection cooling tower circulating water system
Position is m3/ h, dE is cooling tower total losses water, unit m3/ h, when liquid level is to increase in the unit time, Aa*dhwIt is negative
Number, otherwise it is positive sign.
4. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the unit
Liquid level variable quantity in time in collecting-tank is to pass through the liquid being arranged in collecting-tank according to fluid pressure conduction principle
Position meter, is obtained using artificial or intelligent data collection system.
5. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the intelligence number
It is Ultrasonic Liquid Level Indicator or radar level gauge according to acquisition system.
6. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cooling tower steams
The formula of hair loss water calculating is de=(d2-d1)*υρA；Wherein, deFor evaporation loss water, unit kg/s, d1For into
Enter the water capacity of the air of cooling tower, unit is kg/kg DA, d2For the water capacity of the air of discharge cooling tower, unit kg/
Kg DA, υ are the wind speed in cooling tower, and unit m/s, ρ is the atmospheric density in cooling tower, unit kg/m3, A be cooling tower
Drenching area, unit m2。
7. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the υ=((υ1+
υ2+υ3)/3+0.1)/2, wherein υ1、υ2And υ3The wind speed in cooling tower three times respectively continuously measured, unit m/s.
8. the accurate measurement method of cooling tower water loss according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the blowdown loss
Water is directly measured by the flowmeter of collecting-tank drain outlet.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112504711A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 保定市金马漏水检测有限公司 | Industrial cooling tower thermal performance test system |
| CN112859974A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-28 | 济南蓝辰能源技术有限公司 | Cooling tower water supplement control system based on environmental meteorological parameters and unit operation parameters |
| CN114993390A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Natural ventilation counter-flow type wet cooling tower circulating water quantity on-line monitoring method |
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