CN110230957A - A kind of folding fin and its driving training method for submarine launched cruise missile - Google Patents
A kind of folding fin and its driving training method for submarine launched cruise missile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110230957A CN110230957A CN201910516129.0A CN201910516129A CN110230957A CN 110230957 A CN110230957 A CN 110230957A CN 201910516129 A CN201910516129 A CN 201910516129A CN 110230957 A CN110230957 A CN 110230957A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
- F42B10/14—Stabilising arrangements using fins spread or deployed after launch, e.g. after leaving the barrel
- F42B10/16—Wrap-around fins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to cruise missile empennage technical fields, and specifically disclose a kind of folding fin for submarine launched cruise missile and its driving training method.The folding fin includes original body model and thermostat unit, has the fold line by being formed after driving training on the original body model, and the thermostat unit is arranged in inside the original body model.The driving training method includes: to inject the water of assigned temperature into thermostat unit using water circulation control system, applies preset external force to original body model, makes it that folded deformation or expansion deformation occur along predetermined fold line, then removes external force；It repeats the above steps several times, until completing the driving training to the folding fin.Folding fin of the invention can be unfolded or be collapsed along fold line, and then without cumbersome mechanical mechanism, and can realize folding and unfolding for folding fin according to demand without external force, have the characteristics that preparation method is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cruise missile empennage technical fields, more particularly to a kind of folding for submarine launched cruise missile
Folded empennage and its driving training method.
Background technique
Submarine launched cruise missile is small in size, light-weight, and missile wing, empennage are foldable, delivers and emits convenient for different flat pads,
Emission system maneuverability, survival ability are strong, while cruise missile is low but also with flying height, radar reflection section is small, infrared
The weak feature of signal characteristic, and can be by being preprogramed around fixed air defense position, accuracy at target is high, and penetration ability is strong.In conjunction with latent
After the concealment of ship, the emergentness and strike effect of submarine attack can be more greatly improved, it has also become " multiplier " of future war.
In nature, fin is the appendage of fish wing similar with other certain aquatic animals or paddle, plays the work of propulsion, balance and guiding
With.Therefore, on the Research foundation of the fin principle to whale, 4D printing technique, printing memory alloy intelligent material, shape are utilized
At the folding fin printed based on memorial alloy 4D, enables to the flight of submarine launched missile in water to have and promote, balance, leading
To, fold the features such as ratio is high, intelligent.
As guided missile launcher is towards miniaturization, simply and easily direction is developed for transmitting, transport, storage, canister launch
Structure becomes more and more popular in cruising missile.Due to needing to meet the technical requirement of transmitting, vee tail is gradually used.V
The advantages that type tail folding mode reduces the lateral dimension of guided missile, convenient for storage, transport and saves emission space, with guided missile
Needs compact in size become more important to vee tail expansion, the research of folding mode, such as patent CN207257960U
For empennage using collapsible, expansion mode utilizes torsional spring, realizes expansion under the restoring force effect of spring, but be unfolded using torsional spring
Need to carry out the debugging that test of many times carries out torsional spring pretightning force, working efficiency is lower, and empennage control is inconvenient；Such as patent
CN109263958A empennage is laid out using X mode, and the wing area after increasing expansion flies convenient for control, but excessive occupancy
The lateral dimension of body is unfavorable for storing and transport.Patent CN109238040A provides a kind of empennage folding device, including
Fin, cylinder and expansion module；The fin has opposite connection side and free margins；The connection side of the fin and the cylinder
It is flexibly connected between the outer surface of body, so that the free margins of the fin can be under the action of by external force to the cylinder
Outer surface movement；The expansion module is used for when the fin loses the external force, makes the free margins of the fin to separate
The direction of the outer surface of the cylinder moves.When in use, can be connected with body, by making the folding setting of fin exist
The outer surface of cylinder, in order to reduce the occupied space of guided missile entirety；And realize that guided missile is penetrated from launching tube by expansion module
After out, fin Automatic-expanding.But the apparatus structure is complicated, needs to make the free margins of fin to far from the cylinder by external force
The direction of the outer surface of body moves, to realize expansion, meanwhile, it is realized in folding process using torsionspring, be easy to cause the wing
The abrasion of piece and inner wall cylinder.
Based on disadvantages described above, improvement is urgently made to cruise missile empennage in this field, has propulsion to provide one kind, puts down
Weighing apparatus, guiding, to fold ratio high and fold the folding fin of intelligentized control method, smaller and smaller, again to adapt to cruise missile bullet diameter
Measure the increasingly lighter and quick demand of ejection speed.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of foldings for submarine launched cruise missile
Folded empennage and its driving training method, folding fin can be unfolded and folded by the realization of set direction, and without outer
Folding and unfolding for empennage can be realized in the case where power according to demand, with structure is simple, work efficiency is high, it is high to fold ratio
And the features such as folding and unfolding of applicable empennage.
To achieve the goals above, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of folding for submarine launched cruise missile is provided
Empennage is sheathed on submarine launched cruise missile, including original body model, thermostat unit and water circulation control system,
In,
The original body model is equipped with the fold line by being formed after driving training；The thermostat unit is set to institute
It states inside original body model, and is the U-shaped structure of multiple head and the tail connection, be provided with one between every two adjacent U-shaped
The fold line；
The water circulation control system is set on the submarine launched cruise missile, and is connected with the thermostat unit,
The water circulation control system includes temperature monitoring and adjusting unit, and the temperature monitoring and adjusting unit and thermostat unit connect
It connects, the demand for being unfolded according to the original body model or being collapsed, inside the water injection folding fin of preference temperature
In thermostat unit, martensitic traoformation occurs under the influence of temperature for the original body model, and along the fold line exhibition
It opens or collapses.
Further, the original body model is prepared by marmem using 4D Method of printing, the shape
Shape memory alloys are Nitinol.
Further, the mass fraction of nickel is 50%~60% in the Nitinol.
Further, the temperature monitoring and adjusting unit water tank, heating or cooling assembly, temperature detector and control
The outlet of device, the water tank is connect with the water inlet of the lower water temperature unit, the water inlet of the water tank and the water temperature tune
Save the water outlet connection of unit.
Other side according to the invention provides a kind of driving training method of folding fin, includes the following steps:
S1 injects 0 DEG C~20 DEG C of water using water circulation control system into thermostat unit, to original body model
Apply the first external force, make it that folded deformation occur along predetermined fold line and be fixed as collapsed shape, then removes the first external force；
S2 injects 70 DEG C~90 DEG C of water into the thermostat unit using water circulation control system, to being fixed as rolling over
The original body model of folded shape applies the second external force, it is unfolded along predetermined fold line and is fixed as expansion shape, then removes
Go the second external force；
S3 repeats S1 and S2, until the original body model has the memory effect be unfolded along fold line or folded, directly
To the driving training completed to the folding fin, to obtain the folding fin with memory function.
Further, first external force is extruding force, and the second external force is drawing force, and in step S3, S1 and S2 are duplicate
Number is 3~5 times.
Further, the original body model is prepared by marmem using 4D Method of printing.
Further, the 4D Method of printing the following steps are included:
The threedimensional model of original body model is converted the STL formatted file with synusia information by S11, then should
STL formatted file imports 4D printing device；
4D printing device described in S12 carries out slicing treatment to the threedimensional model according to the synusia information, and obtains institute
There are the two-dimensional image data of serial section profile；
The print parameters of the 4D printing device are arranged in S13, and under the print parameters, according to the figure of serial section profile
As 2-D data, layering printing is carried out using the material with shape memory function, and while printing, using ultraviolet lighting
Printed position is penetrated, until the printing of all slices is completed, to obtain original body model.
Further, in step S12, described image 2-D data includes the image of original body model slice cross section profile
The two-dimensional image data of 2-D data and thermostat unit serial section profile.
Further, in step S13, the laser power of the 4D printing device is 150W~250W, and scanning speed is
1000mm/s~1400mm/s, printing thickness are set as 30 μm~40 μm, and sweep span is 80 μm~120 μm.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
1. folding fin of the present invention, folding fin can be realized by set direction and be unfolded and folded, and without
Folding and unfolding for empennage can be realized in the case where external force according to demand, with structure is simple, work efficiency is high, folds ratio
The features such as folding and unfolding of high and applicable empennage.
2. folding fin of the invention is printed by marmem using 4D printing device, marmem
For Nitinol, the mass fraction of nickel is 50%~60% in the Nitinol, by having memory function after driving training
Can, the functional requirement folded and unfolded can be better met, it, can be according to folding on the basis of meeting empennage to the needs of intensity
With the demand of expansion, folding and unfolding for empennage is fast implemented.
3. the driving training method of folding fin of the present invention, by carrying out folding and expanding driving instruction to folding fin ontology
Practice, when empennage needs to be unfolded, inject hot water of the temperature at 70 DEG C~90 DEG C, when empennage needs to fold, injects temperature at 0 DEG C
~20 DEG C of cold water has memory so that folding fin ontology has the memory effect be unfolded along fold line or folded to obtain
The folding ratio of the folding fin ontology of function, the folding fin ontology is high, folds and unfolds that work efficiency is high.
4. the driving training method of folding fin of the present invention, cooperation is with temperature monitoring and adjusts unit, water tank, heating are such as included
Or cooling assembly, temperature detector and controller etc., can real-time monitoring lower water temperature unit according to demand water temperature, to meet this
Demand body expansion or collapsed, and then realize the intelligentized control method that empennage folds and unfolds, it improves and folds ratio and working efficiency.
5. the present invention is according to the internal original body model with thermostat unit, by the material with shape memory function
Material carries out 4D printing, carries out folding and expanding driving training to the original body model, makes it have and be unfolded along fold line or roll over
Folded memory effect, and then realize that ontology is unfolded or is collapsed along fold line.And thermostat unit of the present invention and initial
Ontology model can integrated printing-forming, forming effect is good, and precision is high.
6. the internal folding fin model with thermostat unit is carried out information extraction and slicing treatment by the present invention, make
Thermostat unit and original body model can integrated printing-forming, to adapt to carry out folding and expanding to folding fin ontology
Driving training, has the characteristics that preparation method is simple.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure diagram of the folding fin for submarine launched cruise missile of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of folding fin involved in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of thermostat unit involved in Fig. 1.
In all the appended drawings, identical appended drawing reference is used to denote the same element or structure, in which: 1- is latent to be penetrated cruise and lead
Bullet, 2- water circulation control system, 3- original body model, 4- thermostat unit, 5- fold line.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of folding fin for submarine launched cruise missile, is sheathed on
On submarine launched cruise missile 1, including original body model 3 and thermostat unit 4, has on the original body model 3 and pass through
The fold line 5 formed after driving training, thermostat unit 4 are arranged in inside the original body model 3, and are multiple head and the tail
The U-shaped structure of connection is provided with the fold line 5 between every two adjacent U-shaped and passes through temperature tune by this method
The temperature of the real-time adjusting original body model 3 of unit 4 is saved, to realize that the original body model 3 is carried out along the fold line 5
Expansion is collapsed.Preferably, when empennage needs to be unfolded, hot water of the temperature at 70 DEG C~90 DEG C is injected, when empennage needs to roll over
When folded, cold water of the temperature at 0 DEG C~20 DEG C is injected.
Further, water cruise control system 2, the water are equipped at the corresponding original body model 3 of submarine launched cruise missile 1
Cyclic control system 2 includes temperature monitoring and adjusts unit, the temperature monitoring and adjusts unit and the thermostat unit 4
Connection, the demand for being unfolded according to the original body model 3 or being collapsed, inside the water injection folding fin of preference temperature
Thermostat unit 4 in, martensitic traoformation occurs under the influence of temperature for folding fin material, to realize the original body
Model 3 is unfolded or is collapsed along the fold line 5.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, temperature monitoring and adjusting unit include water tank, heating or cooling assembly, temperature inspection
It surveys device and controller, the water outlet of the water tank is connect with the water inlet of the lower water temperature unit, the water inlet of the water tank
It is connect with the water outlet of the lower water temperature unit, according to demand to the water of the lower water temperature unit transportation different temperatures；
The demand that the controller is unfolded or collapses according to the original body model 3, control it is described heating or cooling assembly heating or
The temperature of the cooling water being placed in the water tank, temperature of the temperature detector for the water in water tank described in real-time detection.
But other thermostat units, as long as its temperature for being able to achieve original body model 3 is adjusted, to meet original body model 3
It can fold or be unfolded along scheduled fold line, and not destroy the material property of original body model 3, be applicable in the present invention.This hair
In bright, temperature monitoring and adjusting unit are closed-loop control, and real-time monitoring temperature adjusts the temperature of unit 4, and adjusts temperature tune
The temperature of unit 4 is saved, so that the moderate temperature of thermostat unit 4 is in default range.
Preferably, the folding fin is printed by marmem using 4D printing device, the shape memory
Alloy is Nitinol, and the mass fraction of nickel is 50%~60% in the Nitinol, in addition, other are with shape memory function
The material of energy as long as it can be applicable in 4D printing, and meets the material for the needs of empennage is to intensity, is applicable in the present invention.
In another embodiment of the invention, a kind of driving training side of folding fin for submarine launched cruise missile is provided
Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to the internal folding fin model with thermostat unit 4, by the material with shape memory function
Material carries out 4D printing, to obtain the internal original body model 3 with thermostat unit 4；
Specifically, the internal folding fin model conversation with thermostat unit 4 is with synusia information by (1)
Then the STL formatted file is imported 4D printing device by STL formatted file；
(2) the 4D printing device has the folding tail of thermostat unit 4 according to the synusia information to the inside
Wing model slicing treatment, and obtain the two-dimensional image data of all serial section profiles, wherein described image 2-D data includes
The two-dimensional image of the 4 serial section profile of two-dimensional image data and thermostat unit of folding fin model slice cross section profile
Data；
(3) print parameters of the 4D printing device are set, and under the print parameters, according to the figure of serial section profile
As 2-D data, layering printing is carried out using the material with shape memory function, and while printing, using ultraviolet lighting
Printed position is penetrated, until the printing of all slices is completed, to obtain the internal original body with thermostat unit 4
Model.
In step 1 of the present invention, the material with shape memory function is Nitinol, wherein in Nitinol
Nickel and titanium quality are divided into the Nitinol of 1:1~3:2；The print parameters of the 4D printing device are arranged are as follows: laser power 150W
~250W, scanning speed 1000mm/s~1400mm/s, 30 μm~40 μm of thickness, 80 μm~120 μm of sweep span.Preferably,
Nickel and titanium quality are divided into 1:1 in Nitinol.
Step 2, by adjusting the temperature of the thermostat unit 4 to carry out folding exhibition to the original body model 3
Driving training is opened, the memory effect be unfolded along predetermined fold line 5 or folded is made it have, to obtain the folding with memory function
Empennage.
Specifically, 0 DEG C~20 DEG C of water is injected in (1) Xiang Suoshu thermostat unit 4, to the folding fin ontology
Model 3 applies the first external force, it is made to occur folded deformation and to be fixed as collapsed shape along scheduled fold line 5, then removes the
One external force, wherein the fold line 5 is between every two adjacent U-shaped；
(2) water that 70 DEG C~90 DEG C are injected in Xiang Suoshu thermostat unit 4, to the folding fin for being fixed as collapsed shape
Ontology model 3 applies the second external force, it is unfolded along scheduled fold line 5 and is fixed as expansion shape, then removes outside second
Power；
(3) (1) and (2) is repeated, until the folding fin ontology has the memory effect be unfolded along fold line or folded,
To obtain the folding fin ontology with memory function.First external force is extruding force, and the second external force is drawing force, step
(3) in, (1) and (2) duplicate number is 3~5 times.
Material used in the present invention is NiTi marmem, using 4D printing technique, to NiTi marmem
Three-dimensional is carried out, the shape configurations of similar whale fin are made it have.
The material that the present invention selects is niti-shaped memorial alloy, because it has very good shape memory effect,
Recovery of shape is up to 6%~8%, and compared to Cu base marmem, Fe base marmem, reply volume is bigger, tool
There are more good shape-memory properties, and Nitinol connector lighter weight, and structure is relatively easy, security performance is steady
It is fixed reliable.The ingredient of Nitinol is the nearly 1:1 of NiTi atomic ratio, and the mass fraction of nickel is 50%~60% in Nitinol, remaining
Amount is titanium, and under the atom ratio, shape memory effect is best, for the expansion of empennage and folding, deformable angle
Degree is bigger, and folding ratio is higher.
The present invention shapes folding fin using precinct laser fusion (SLM) forming technique, first with CAD software in computer
On according to target molded parts make threedimensional model, and three-dimensional model conversion is had the STL formatted file of synusia information.Then
Model cutting is layered using 4D print software, obtains the two-dimensional image data of all cross section profiles, and import printing device
It controls in computer.In this way, after setting the data such as scheduled scan power, scanning speed, sweep span, synusia thickness,
Computer control software just can control equipment completion to the three-dimensional modeling of components.To obtain high-compactness part, the present invention is adopted
Parameter area is laser power 150W~250W, and scanning speed 1000mm/s~1400mm/s, is swept by 30 μm~40 μm of thickness
Retouch 80 μm~120 μm of spacing.Under this parameter, available 99% fine and close Nitinol sample, this will make the folding of forming
Empennage performance greatly improves.
Folding fin of the present invention can automatically control expansion and fold, and folding and unfolding is due to memorial alloy
Possessed shape memory function realization, and then have the characteristics that promote, balance, guiding, fold ratio height, is intelligent.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of folding fin for submarine launched cruise missile is sheathed on submarine launched cruise missile (1), which is characterized in that including
Original body model (3), thermostat unit (4) and water circulation control system (2), wherein
The original body model (3) is equipped with the fold line (5) by being formed after driving training；The thermostat unit (4)
It is internal set on the original body model (3), and be the U-shaped structure of multiple head and the tail connection, it is all provided between every two adjacent U-shaped
It is equipped with the fold line (5)；
The water circulation control system (2) be set to the submarine launched cruise missile (1) on, and with the thermostat unit (4) phase
Connection, the water circulation control system (2) include temperature monitoring and adjust unit, the temperature monitoring and adjust unit and temperature tune
Unit (4) connection is saved, the demand for being unfolded according to the original body model (3) or collapsing injects the water of preference temperature
In thermostat unit (4) inside folding fin, martensitic phase occurs under the influence of temperature for the original body model (3)
Become, and is unfolded or collapses along the fold line (5).
2. folding fin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the original body model (3) is closed by shape memory
Gold is prepared using 4D Method of printing, and the marmem is Nitinol.
3. folding fin according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of nickel is 50% in the Nitinol
~60%.
4. folding fin described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature monitoring and adjusting unit
Water tank, heating or cooling assembly, temperature detector and controller, the outlet of the water tank and the lower water temperature unit (4)
Water inlet connection, the water inlet of the water tank are connect with the water outlet of the lower water temperature unit (4).
5. a kind of driving training method of such as folding fin of any of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that including such as
Lower step:
S1 injects 0 DEG C~20 DEG C of water using water circulation control system (2) into thermostat unit (4), to original body mould
Type (3) applies the first external force, it is made to occur folded deformation and to be fixed as collapsed shape along predetermined fold line (5), then removes the
One external force；
S2 using 70 DEG C~90 DEG C of injection in water circulation control system (2) Xiang Suoshu thermostat unit (4) water, to being fixed as
The original body model (3) of collapsed shape applies the second external force, it is unfolded along predetermined fold line (5) and is fixed as expansion shape
Then shape removes the second external force；
S3 repeats S1 and S2, until the original body model (3) has the memory effect be unfolded along fold line (5) or folded,
Until the driving training to the folding fin is completed, to obtain the folding fin with memory function.
6. driving training method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that first external force is extruding force, outside second
Power is drawing force, and in step S2, S2 and the duplicate number of S2 are 3~5 times.
7. driving training method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the original body model (3) is remembered by shape
Recall alloy to be prepared using 4D Method of printing.
8. driving training method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the 4D Method of printing the following steps are included:
The threedimensional model of original body model (3) is converted the STL formatted file with synusia information by S11, then by the STL
Formatted file imports 4D printing device；
4D printing device described in S12 carries out slicing treatment to the threedimensional model according to the synusia information, and obtains all cut
The two-dimensional image data of piece cross section profile；
The print parameters of the 4D printing device are arranged in S13, and under the print parameters, according to the image two of serial section profile
Dimension data carries out layering printing using the material with shape memory function, and while printing, using ultraviolet light
Printed position, until the printing of all slices is completed, to obtain original body model (3).
9. driving training method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step S12, described image 2-D data packet
Include the two-dimensional image data and thermostat unit (4) serial section profile of original body model (3) serial section profile
Two-dimensional image data.
10. according to the described in any item driving training methods of claim 7-9, which is characterized in that in step S13, the 4D is beaten
The laser power of printing apparatus is 150W~250W, and scanning speed is 1000mm/s~1400mm/s, and printing thickness is set as 30 μm
~40 μm, sweep span is 80 μm~120 μm.
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| CN110508815A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 山东大学 | A method of niti-shaped memorial alloy phase transition temperature is regulated and controled based on increasing material manufacturing |
| CN114750906A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-15 | 华中科技大学 | Horn mouth guiding device for underwater vehicle recovery |
| CN114750906B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-06-13 | 华中科技大学 | Horn mouth guiding device for recovering underwater vehicle |
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