CN110228942B - Preparation method of multi-core quartz image transmission optical fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of multi-core quartz image transmission optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN110228942B CN110228942B CN201910452271.3A CN201910452271A CN110228942B CN 110228942 B CN110228942 B CN 110228942B CN 201910452271 A CN201910452271 A CN 201910452271A CN 110228942 B CN110228942 B CN 110228942B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/01222—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of multiple core optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a multi-core quartz image-transmitting fiber, which is characterized in that a single core rod is prepared, and the refractive index of a core layer is step type or gradual change type; drawing the single core rod into a single-core glass fiber, wherein the diameter of the single-core glass fiber is 1-5 mm; cleaning and drying the equilong single-core glass filaments, stacking and filling the single-core glass filaments into a quartz glass tube, and heating the quartz glass tube filled with the single-core glass filaments to melt and shrink the quartz glass tube into a solid multi-core rod; then drawing the multi-core rod into multi-core glass wires, cleaning and drying the multi-core glass wires with equal length, stacking and filling the multi-core glass wires into a quartz glass tube until the inner hole of the quartz glass tube is filled with the multi-core glass wires, and heating the quartz glass tube filled with the multi-core glass wires to melt and shrink the quartz glass tube into a solid composite multi-core rod; and finally, placing the composite multi-core rod on a wire drawing tower to be drawn into fibers, thus obtaining the multi-core quartz image transmission optical fiber, wherein the outer diameter of the image transmission optical fiber is 100-1200 mu m. The invention has the advantages of stable process, high yield, good product quality, high temperature resistance of the prepared image transmission optical fiber, and high pixel number and resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a multi-core quartz image transmission optical fiber, belonging to the technical field of image transmission optical fiber preparation.
Background
The image transmission optical fiber (or optical fiber image transmission bundle) is a passive device capable of transmitting images in a bending way, is mainly used for image transmission in an endoscope, and is an indispensable core important optical component of various endoscopes. The image transmission optical fiber has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high use freedom, easy realization of image transmission of a complex space structure, passive real-time image transmission, high temperature resistance, electromagnetic radiation resistance, nuclear radiation resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of medical treatment, industry, scientific research, aerospace, military and the like.
Compared with an electronic endoscope which takes a CCD or a CMOS as an image transmission element, the optical fiber endoscope which takes the image transmission optical fiber as the image transmission element has the advantages of small probe diameter, low price, no source, miniaturization of the device, convenient use, no influence of electromagnetic noise and the like, can be used in severe environments such as high temperature, electromagnetic radiation, nuclear radiation and the like, and the imaging process of the CCD or the CMOS electronic endoscope relates to photoelectric conversion and electro-optical conversion, so the optical fiber endoscope cannot be used in the severe environments. The image-transmitting optical fiber can be used for machine gun aiming of a main battle tank, a ship full azimuth ring observation simulation system, an optical fiber aiming light weapon, optical fiber periscope reconnaissance, a military aircraft optical fiber observation aiming system, instant nuclear explosion experimental image acquisition and the like in military.
The traditional image transmission optical fiber is a bundle type optical fiber image transmission bundle made of multicomponent glass, which is characterized in that two ends of tens of thousands of 10-20 mu m multicomponent glass optical fibers are arranged in a relevant way, positioned by gluing, and the middle part is in a scattered state. The multi-core quartz image-transmitting optical fibre is characterized by that several thousands of quartz optical fibres are regularly arranged in the quartz sleeve tube and are integrated into one body to form a single multi-core quartz image-transmitting optical fibre. Compared with the multi-component glass optical fiber image transmission bundle, the quartz image transmission optical fiber has the following advantages: 1) the superfine diameter can be realized, and the endoscope is more suitable for the application of medical endoscopes; 2) the optical transmission performance is excellent, and the image quality is higher; 3) the resolution is higher; 4) long-distance optical transmission can be realized; 5) the chemical stability is high, and the mechanical durability is high; 6) has wider application prospect in the fields of medicine, industry, military industry and the like.
In the chinese patent CN102520479A, a quartz preform is drawn into a quartz optical fiber filament with a monofilament diameter of 20-50 μm, and then the quartz optical fiber filament is gathered into a bundle by a filament sliding and sheet arranging method to make a quartz optical fiber image transmission bundle, which has a large monofilament diameter and a low pixel number and resolution. In patent CN101702045B, a preform is drawn into monofilaments, an appropriate number of monofilaments are drawn into multifilaments in a close-packed hexagonal arrangement, and then the multifilaments are arranged again in a close-packed manner to form a bundle of multifilaments, which is drawn into an optical fiber image-transmitting bundle.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing a multi-core quartz image-transmitting optical fiber aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method has the advantages of stable process, high yield and good product quality, and the prepared image-transmitting optical fiber has high temperature resistance, high pixel count and high resolution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
firstly, preparing a single core rod, wherein the refractive index of a core layer is step type or gradual change type, and the diameter of the single core rod is 10-50 mm;
drawing the single core rod into a single-core glass fiber, wherein the diameter of the single-core glass fiber is 1-5 mm;
cleaning and drying the equilong single-core glass filaments, stacking and filling the single-core glass filaments into a quartz glass tube until the inner hole of the quartz glass tube is filled with the single-core glass filaments, and heating the quartz glass tube filled with the single-core glass filaments to melt and shrink the quartz glass tube into a solid multi-core rod;
then drawing the multi-core rod into a multi-core glass fiber, wherein the diameter of the multi-core glass fiber is 1-5 mm;
cleaning and drying the multi-core glass filaments with equal length, stacking and filling the multi-core glass filaments into a quartz glass tube until the inner hole of the quartz glass tube is filled with the multi-core glass filaments, and heating the quartz glass tube filled with the multi-core glass filaments to melt and shrink the quartz glass tube into a solid composite multi-core rod;
and finally, placing the composite multi-core rod on a wire drawing tower to be drawn into fibers, thus obtaining the multi-core quartz image transmission optical fiber, wherein the outer diameter of the image transmission optical fiber is 100-1200 mu m.
According to the scheme, the diameter ratio of the outer cladding layer/the core layer of the single-core rod is 1.1-2.0.
According to the scheme, the length of the single-core glass fiber or the multi-core glass fiber is 200-1000 mm.
According to the scheme, when the quartz glass tube is filled with the single-core glass fiber or the multi-core glass fiber, the glass tube is horizontally placed, and the single-core glass fiber or the multi-core glass fiber naturally forms compact accumulation under the action of gravity; the diameter of the core glass fiber or the multi-core glass fiber is the same.
According to the scheme, the number of the single-core glass fibers or the multi-core glass fibers filled in the quartz glass tube is calculated according to the following formula:
Y=3*Q*(Q-1)+k (1)
Q=R/d=D/(2*d) (2)
in the formula, Y is the number of single-core glass fibers or multi-core glass fibers filled in the quartz glass tube; q is the number of turns accumulated around the center of the section of the glass tube; k is a correction coefficient and is 1-10; r is the inner circle radius of the quartz glass tube; d is the inner circle diameter of the quartz glass tube; d is the diameter of the filled single or multiple core glass filaments.
According to the scheme, the quartz glass tube filled with the single-core glass fiber or the multi-core glass fiber is heated and fused into the solid multi-core rod or the composite multi-core rod in the high-temperature heating furnace of the fusing tower, and the vacuum pump is connected with the exhaust tube to vacuumize the quartz glass tube in the fusing process.
According to the scheme, the high-temperature heating furnace of the collapsing tower comprises a quartz glass tube furnace body, a heating furnace sleeve capable of axially reciprocating is arranged on the periphery of the furnace body, a glass plug and a sealing cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the furnace body, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at one end of the furnace body and communicated with a vacuum pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the solid multi-core preform is prepared by two times of fusion shrinkage processes, and then the solid multi-core preform is drawn into the multi-core type quartz image-transmitting optical fiber, the method has stable process and strong operability, and is not easy to slide and break during wire drawing, and the yield is high; 2. the prepared image transmission optical fiber has high temperature resistance, high pixel number and resolution and good quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a process flow according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are cross-sectional views of refractive indexes of the single core rod according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the high-temperature heating furnace structure of the collapsing tower and the collapsing process.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the glass filament stacking and filling in the glass tube during the primary collapsing multi-core preform or the secondary collapsing composite multi-core preform according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an end view of a solid multi-core preform obtained by a process of once collapsing the multi-core preform according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a micrograph of a solid composite multi-core preform obtained by a secondary collapsing composite multi-core preform process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples.
The technological process of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows:
(1) preparing a high NA core rod: a PCVD (plasma chemical vapor deposition) or VAD (vapor deposition) platform is adopted to prepare a high-NA (numerical aperture) single core rod, the single core rod comprises a core layer, an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer which are coaxial, an optical waveguide is realized through the refractive index difference of the core layer and the inner cladding layer, and the refractive index profile is shown in figures 2-4. In the refractive index profiles shown in fig. 2 and 3, the core layer a is doped with germanium to realize a high refractive index, the inner cladding layer b is doped with fluorine to realize a low refractive index, and the outer cladding layer c is pure silica. In the refractive index profile shown in fig. 4, the core layer a is a pure silica layer (or doped with a small amount of germanium or fluorine), the inner cladding layer b is a fluorine-doped layer, the refractive index lower than that of the core layer is achieved by fluorine doping, and the outer cladding layer c is pure silica. The refractive index difference between the core layer a and the inner cladding layer b realizes optical waveguide, each core (pixel) of the multi-core image-transmitting optical fiber can transmit light, and the outer cladding layer c plays a role in protecting the core layer and the inner cladding layer. Based on this, the light emitted by the observed object is transmitted to the other end of the optical fiber by thousands of pixels of the image transmission optical fiber, and the light containing the image information of the observed object displays the image of the object at the other end, namely, by the thousands of pixels, thereby realizing the image transmission. The larger the refractive index difference between the core layer and the inner cladding layer is, the larger the numerical aperture is, and the larger the observation angle range of the image-transmitting optical fiber is.
(2) Drawing a single-core glass fiber: and drawing the single core rod on a drawing tower into a single-core glass fiber with the diameter of 2mm and the length of 800 mm.
(3) Primary collapsing multi-core prefabricated rod: as shown in FIG. 5, 270 single-core glass wires with the diameter of 2mm are etched, cleaned, dried, stacked and filled in a quartz glass tube with the inner diameter of 40mm and the wall thickness of 2mm until the glass tube is filled, the glass tube is horizontally placed during filling, the glass wires naturally form tight stacking under the action of gravity, and the glass tube is properly rotated and shaken to promote the tight stacking of the glass wires. The number of the filled single-core glass fibers is about 275 according to the formula (1) and the formula (2), and experiments show that the number of the glass fibers actually filled is very close to the theoretical calculated value. Therefore, the core number of the multi-core preform and the pixel number of the image transmission optical fiber can be calculated and designed by using the calculation formula of the filling amount of the single-core glass fiber. After filling single-core glass fibers, putting the quartz glass tube filled with the single-core glass fibers into a high-temperature heating furnace of a collapsing tower for heating to collapse the quartz glass tube into a solid multi-core rod; the high-temperature heating furnace of the melting tower comprises a quartz glass tube furnace body 1, a heating furnace sleeve 6 which can axially reciprocate is arranged on the periphery of the furnace body, a glass plug 2 and a sealing cover 3 are respectively arranged at two ends of the furnace body, and an exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at one end of the furnace body and is communicated with a vacuum pump. And (3) placing the glass tube 5 filled with the single-core glass filaments in a high-temperature heating furnace of a collapsing tower to heat the glass tube to be collapsed into a solid multi-core rod, and connecting a vacuum pump with the exhaust tube 4 to vacuumize the glass tube in the collapsing process so as to prevent gas from remaining and forming bubbles or gas lines, thus finally obtaining the solid multi-core rod shown in figure 7.
(4) Drawing the multicore glass fiber: the obtained multicore rod was placed on a drawing tower and drawn into multicore glass filaments having a diameter of 2mm and a length of 600 mm.
(5) Secondary fusion composite multi-core prefabricated rod: the 220 multi-core glass fibers containing 270 cores are cleaned, dried and then stacked and filled in a quartz glass tube with the inner diameter of 36mm and the wall thickness of 2mm until the glass tube is filled, the glass tube is horizontally placed during filling, and the glass fibers naturally form tight stacking under the action of gravity. And (3) putting the glass tube filled with the multi-core glass fibers in a high-temperature furnace of a collapsing tower to heat and collapse the glass tube into a solid composite multi-core rod. The number of cores of the composite multi-core rod obtained by two times of meltdown was 270 × 220=5.9 ten thousand cores. The process of the secondary collapsing multi-core preform can flexibly design the core number according to the requirement, and has the advantages of easy preparation of the large-core-number preform and high-pixel-number image-transmitting optical fiber. The process is similar to the step (3), the glass fiber stacking and filling method is similar to that in fig. 6, and the end face micrograph of the solid multi-core preform which is finally obtained is shown in fig. 8, wherein the core number is 5.9 ten thousand cores. Because of the fusion, compression and extrusion deformation, the end surface (section) of each single glass filament becomes hexagonal after fusion. The composite multi-core rod is a solid prefabricated rod, so that the clamping and the tapering turning during wire drawing are facilitated, and the phenomena of glass fiber sliding and wire breakage are avoided.
(6) Drawing a multi-core image-transmitting optical fiber: the prepared composite multi-core rod is placed on a wire drawing tower to be drawn into a multi-core type quartz image transmission optical fiber, the number of pixels is 5.9 ten thousand cores, and the outer diameter is 100 mu m-1200 mu m according to requirements.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing multi-core quartz image-transmitting optical fiber is characterized in that
Firstly, preparing a single core rod, wherein the refractive index of a core layer is step type or gradual change type, and the diameter of the single core rod is 10-50 mm;
drawing the single core rod into a single-core glass fiber, wherein the diameter of the single-core glass fiber is 1-5 mm;
cleaning and drying the equilong single-core glass filaments, stacking and filling the single-core glass filaments into a quartz glass tube until the inner hole of the quartz glass tube is filled with the single-core glass filaments, and heating the quartz glass tube filled with the single-core glass filaments to melt and shrink the quartz glass tube into a solid multi-core rod;
then drawing the multi-core rod into a multi-core glass fiber, wherein the diameter of the multi-core glass fiber is 1-5 mm;
cleaning and drying the multi-core glass filaments with equal length, stacking and filling the multi-core glass filaments into a quartz glass tube until the inner hole of the quartz glass tube is filled with the multi-core glass filaments, and heating the quartz glass tube filled with the multi-core glass filaments to melt and shrink the quartz glass tube into a solid composite multi-core rod;
finally, the composite multi-core rod is placed on a wire drawing tower to be drawn into fibers, and the multi-core type quartz image transmission optical fiber is manufactured, wherein the outer diameter of the image transmission optical fiber is 100-1200 mu m;
the number of the single-core glass filaments or multi-core glass filaments filled in the quartz glass tube is calculated according to the following formula:
Y＝3*Q*(Q-1)+k (1)
Q＝R/d＝D/(2*d) (2)
in the formula, Y is the number of single-core glass fibers or multi-core glass fibers filled in the quartz glass tube; q is the number of turns accumulated around the center of the section of the glass tube; k is a correction coefficient and is 1-10; r is the inner circle radius of the quartz glass tube; d is the inner circle diameter of the quartz glass tube; d is the diameter of the filled single-core glass fiber or multi-core glass fiber;
the quartz glass tube filled with the single-core glass fiber or the multi-core glass fiber is heated and fused into a solid multi-core rod or a composite multi-core rod in a high-temperature heating furnace of a fusing tower, and a vacuum pump is connected with an exhaust tube to vacuumize the quartz glass tube in the fusing process; the high-temperature heating furnace of the melting tower comprises a quartz glass tube furnace body, a heating furnace sleeve capable of axially reciprocating is arranged on the periphery of the furnace body, a glass plug and a sealing cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the furnace body, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at one end of the furnace body and communicated with a vacuum pump.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the single core rod has an outer cladding/core diameter ratio of 1.1 to 2.0.
3. The method for preparing a multicore quartz image-transmitting fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the single-core glass fiber or the multicore glass fiber is 200 to 1000 mm.
4. The method for producing a multicore silica image-transmitting optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the glass tube is horizontally placed when a single-core glass fiber or a multicore glass fiber is filled in the silica glass tube, and the single-core glass fiber or the multicore glass fiber naturally forms a close packing under the action of gravity; the diameters of the single-core glass fibers or the multi-core glass fibers are the same.
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| CN113149422A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-07-23 | 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 | Method and device for preparing high-duty-ratio multi-core microstructure communication optical fiber |
| CN113511807B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-09-09 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Preparation method of high-resolution quartz optical fiber image transmission bundle and quartz optical fiber image transmission bundle |
| CN115784602A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-14 | 锐光信通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of quartz-based image transmission optical fiber and quartz-based image transmission optical fiber |
| CN115806382A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-17 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Image transmission optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| EP0101742A4 (en) * | 1982-03-01 | 1984-06-25 | Dainichi Nippon Cables Ltd | Process for manufacturing optical multiple fiber. |
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