CN110225332A - A kind of three-dimensional element image array generation method based on Photon Mapping - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional element image array generation method based on Photon Mapping Download PDFInfo
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- CN110225332A CN110225332A CN201910467325.3A CN201910467325A CN110225332A CN 110225332 A CN110225332 A CN 110225332A CN 201910467325 A CN201910467325 A CN 201910467325A CN 110225332 A CN110225332 A CN 110225332A
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- photon
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- element image
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
- G06T15/06—Ray-tracing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/282—Image signal generators for generating image signals corresponding to three or more geometrical viewpoints, e.g. multi-view systems
Abstract
A kind of three-dimensional element image array generation method category 3D rendering processing technology field based on Photon Mapping, the present invention includes the following steps: that (1) obtains scene information into scene from transmitting photon from light source, and saves as a photon figure；(2) emit sight to scene from the viewpoint of setting and carry out radiance estimation, the picture under the viewpoint is calculated by the information in the photon figure that has saved；(3) multiple viewpoints are set and carry out analogue camera array acquisition image, is not necessarily to repeat step 1 at this time, acquisition image can be directly calculated by the information of photon figure；(4) pattern matrix obtained in step 3 is converted, becomes three-dimensional element image array；By the present invention in that can be reduced the light for needing constantly to compute repeatedly in ray tracing algorithm with photon mapping algorithm, the formation speed of three-dimensional element image array can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D rendering processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional element image array based on Photon Mapping
Generation method.
Background technique
Integration imaging technology is as a kind of true three-dimension display technlolgies, since starting, due to its do not need it is aobvious by view
Show equipment, viewing well waits dramatic benefits to obtain the attention of people without fatigue and display effect；It is current development prospect
The application prospect of one of best free 3 D display technology, optical field imaging technology included in this is even more extensive.Benefit
Optical field imaging technology is studied with computer simulation means, can be overcome in optics integrated imaging system due to experimental tool
Limitation caused by problems, therefore in the concrete realization, using computer generate three-dimensional element image array also gradually at
For the hot spot of research, this method is usually that other means is used to obtain three-dimensional scene images, synthesizes virtual three-dimensional scene, last benefit
Three-dimensional scenic is virtually shot with Ray Tracing Algorithm, then three-dimensional element image array is generated by related algorithm.
Although it is very convenient to generate three-dimensional element image array using computer, for more complex three-dimension object and scene,
The calculation amount of Ray Tracing Algorithm is very big, and when needing analogue camera array, calculation amount will be huger, therefore how
It reduces calculation amount when pattern matrix generates and becomes the direction for needing to pay close attention to for us.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of can effectively reduce virtual shooting when using big caused by Ray Tracing Algorithm
Amount calculates, reduces pattern matrix generation time, the three-dimensional element image array generation method based on Photon Mapping.
The present invention is based on the three-dimensional element image array generation methods of Photon Mapping, including the following steps:
1.1 from from light source emit photon into scene, including the following steps:
1.1.1 a kind of light source is selected from point light source, source of parallel light, area light source, setting in the scene, and calculates photon
Emit vector；
1.1.2 the photon launched is tracked, when photon and a diffusing reflection surface collide, stores the energy of the photon
Amount and incident direction are into global photon figure；When photon and a smooth surface collide, then pass through normal to a surface side
Always the reflection direction of photon is calculated, and continues to track photon in the scene, any change is not made to global photon figure, is reflected towards
Measure calculation formula are as follows:
R=2 (nd) n-d
Wherein: r is required reflection light vector；N is surface normal vector；D is incident vector；
1.2 are rendered using ray trace and collect photon, including the following steps:
1.2.1 emit light from viewpoint to each pixel of two-dimensional imaging plane, record light enters the of scene
The Facing material of one point of impingement；
1.2.2 if surface is smooth material, a new reflection light will be calculated by reflective vector in step 1.1.2
Formula generates；
1.2.3 if surface is coarse material, the illumination L at the x of positionrCalculated by photon figure, find wherein away from
The M photon nearest from x estimated, estimation formulas are as follows:
Wherein: φiThe energy or flux for including for photon；ωiFor input direction；ω is reflection direction；piFor position letter
Breath；frFor bidirectional reflectance distribution function；rMIt (x) is the distance away from that estimated location x farthest photon in M photon；
1.2.4 the illumination that each pixel is calculated using the formula in step 1.2.3, ultimately produces entire image；
The 1.3 multiple viewpoints of setting carry out analogue camera array and obtain image, carry out step 1.2 under different points of view to obtain figure
Picture；
1.4 convert the pattern matrix obtained in step 1.3, become three-dimensional element image array.
The present invention replaces the biggish Ray Tracing Algorithm of calculation amount with photon mapping algorithm, come be arranged virtual camera array into
Row shooting is subtracted by emitting the photon figure that photon generates into three-dimensional scenic in advance to reduce the quantity for needing to calculate light
The calculation amount for generating image using Ray Tracing Algorithm is lacked, and has compensated for and required from the beginning when generating every piece image
The shortcomings that recalculating improves the speed for generating three-dimensional element image.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the three-dimensional element image array generation method based on Photon Mapping
Fig. 2 is the complicated image result schematic diagram that two kinds of algorithms generate
Wherein: (a) being ray traced image；It (b) is Photon Mapping image；
Fig. 3 is the simple image result schematic diagram that two kinds of algorithms generate
Wherein: (a) being ray traced image；It (b) is Photon Mapping image；
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional element image array ultimately generated
Wherein: (a) being complex environment image；It (b) is simple ambient image；
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present invention is based on the three-dimensional element image array generation methods of Photon Mapping, including the following steps:
1.1 from from light source emit photon into scene, including the following steps:
1.1.1 a kind of light source is selected from point light source, source of parallel light, area light source, setting in the scene, and calculates photon
Emit vector；
1.1.2 the photon launched is tracked, when photon and a diffusing reflection surface collide, stores the energy of the photon
Amount and incident direction are into global photon figure；When photon and a smooth surface collide, then pass through normal to a surface side
Always the reflection direction of photon is calculated, and continues to track photon in the scene, any change is not made to global photon figure, is reflected towards
Measure calculation formula are as follows:
R=2 (nd) n-d
Wherein: r is required reflection light vector；N is surface normal vector；D is incident vector；
1.2 are rendered using ray trace and collect photon, including the following steps:
1.2.1 emit light from viewpoint to each pixel of two-dimensional imaging plane, record light enters the of scene
The Facing material of one point of impingement；
1.2.2 if surface is smooth material, a new reflection light will be calculated by reflective vector in step 1.1.2
Formula generates；
1.2.3 if surface is coarse material, the illumination L at the x of positionrCalculated by photon figure, find wherein away from
The M photon nearest from x estimated, estimation formulas are as follows:
Wherein: φiThe energy or flux for including for photon；ωiFor input direction；ω is reflection direction；piFor position letter
Breath；frFor bidirectional reflectance distribution function；rMIt (x) is the distance away from that estimated location x farthest photon in M photon；
1.2.4 the illumination that each pixel is calculated using the formula in step 1.2.3, ultimately produces entire image, such as Fig. 2
And shown in Fig. 3；
The 1.3 multiple viewpoints of setting carry out analogue camera array and obtain image, carry out step 1.2 under different points of view to obtain figure
Picture, the step simplify the process using Ray Tracing Algorithm, without from the beginning repeating each step, to reduce image generation
Time；
1.4 convert the pattern matrix obtained in step 1.3, become the three-dimensional element image array in Fig. 4.
Compare superiority and inferiority (do not calculate conversion time) of two kinds of algorithms in imaging below by specific experimental data:
Two kinds of algorithm imaging times (s) under 1 complex scene of table
| Photon Mapping | Ray trace | |
| Single width figure | 271 | 1311.5 |
| 5 width figures | 1305 | 6557.5 |
| 20 width figures | 5220 | 26228 |
Two kinds of algorithm imaging times (s) under 2 simple scenario of table
| Photon Mapping | Ray trace | |
| Single width figure | 29.18 | 24.76 |
| 5 width figures | 116.94 | 123.8 |
| 20 width figures | 446.04 | 495.2 |
The experimental results showed that, the Photon Mapping algorithm that the present invention uses in virtual camera array is greatly improved by above
The formation speed of three-dimensional element image array under complex scene, in particular for the life for using camera array to carry out several figures
At better reflecting its advantage；And under simple scenario, although Photon Mapping generates the time slightly slow one of single width figure
A bit, but under conditions of generating several figures its advantage is still embodied.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of three-dimensional element image array generation method based on Photon Mapping, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1.1 from from light source emit photon into scene, including the following steps:
1.1.1 a kind of light source is selected from point light source, source of parallel light, area light source, setting in the scene, and calculates photon transmitting
Vector；
1.1.2 track the photon launched, when photon and a diffusing reflection surface collide, store the photon energy and
Incident direction is into global photon figure；When photon and a smooth surface collide, then by normal to a surface direction come
The reflection direction of photon is calculated, and continues to track photon in the scene, any change is not made to global photon figure, is reflected towards meter
Calculate formula are as follows:
R=2 (nd) n-d
Wherein: r is required reflection light vector；N is surface normal vector；D is incident vector；
1.2 are rendered using ray trace and collect photon, including the following steps:
1.2.1 emit light from viewpoint to each pixel of two-dimensional imaging plane, record light enters first of scene
The Facing material of the point of impingement；
1.2.2 if surface is smooth material, a new reflection light will pass through reflective vector calculation formula in step 1.1.2
It generates；
1.2.3 if surface is coarse material, the illumination L at the x of positionrIt is calculated by photon figure, finds distance x wherein most
M close photon estimated, estimation formulas are as follows:
Wherein: φiThe energy or flux for including for photon；ωiFor input direction；ω is reflection direction；piFor location information；frFor
Bidirectional reflectance distribution function -- BRDF；rMIt (x) is the distance away from that estimated location x farthest photon in M photon；
1.2.4 the illumination that each pixel is calculated using the formula in step 1.2.3, ultimately produces entire image；
The 1.3 multiple viewpoints of setting carry out analogue camera array and obtain image, carry out step 1.2 under different points of view to obtain image；
1.4 convert the pattern matrix obtained in step 1.3, become three-dimensional element image array.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101826214A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-09-08 | 中山大学 | Photon mapping-based global illumination method |
| CN103238325A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2013-08-07 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | Method and devices for transmitting 3d video information from server to client |
| CN104200509A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 山东大学 | Photon mapping accelerating method based on point cache |
| CN107274474A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 长春理工大学 | Indirect light during three-dimensional scenic stereoscopic picture plane is drawn shines multiplexing method |
| CN108364292A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-03 | 吉林大学 | A kind of illumination estimation method based on several multi-view images |
-
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- 2019-05-31 CN CN201910467325.3A patent/CN110225332A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101826214A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-09-08 | 中山大学 | Photon mapping-based global illumination method |
| CN103238325A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2013-08-07 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | Method and devices for transmitting 3d video information from server to client |
| CN104200509A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 山东大学 | Photon mapping accelerating method based on point cache |
| CN107274474A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 长春理工大学 | Indirect light during three-dimensional scenic stereoscopic picture plane is drawn shines multiplexing method |
| CN108364292A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-03 | 吉林大学 | A kind of illumination estimation method based on several multi-view images |
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Application publication date: 20190910 |