CN110224220A - A kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna - Google Patents
A kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110224220A CN110224220A CN201910373390.XA CN201910373390A CN110224220A CN 110224220 A CN110224220 A CN 110224220A CN 201910373390 A CN201910373390 A CN 201910373390A CN 110224220 A CN110224220 A CN 110224220A
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- power amplifier
- harmonic
- transmission line
- slot
- amplifier chips
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antennas, including dielectric-slab, power amplification circuit and aerial radiation structure, power amplification circuit includes power amplifier chips, power amplifier input resistant matching network and direct current biasing and power amplifier stabilizing circuit, aerial radiation structure includes transmission line and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure, transmission line is attached to the upper surface of dielectric-slab, one end of transmission line and the output end of function chip are connected directly, aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure setting are on metal ground plane, fundamental signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips can be radiate by aerial radiation with harmonic controling structure, make the second harmonic signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips in short circuit curve and makes the harmonic signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips in open-circuit characteristic；Advantage can be reduced transmitter integrated circuit and occupy size, loss and parasitic disturbances, promote transmitter overall performance size is smaller simultaneously with efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of active antennas, more particularly, to a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna.
Background technique
With the fast development of the wireless technologys such as communication and radar, the wireless systems such as communication and radar generally require to support more
Function or multi-mode working, thus cause the hardware structure part of the transmitter of wireless system be faced with circuit complicated, size and
The problems such as endophyte interference is big.Using power amplifier and antenna as the active antenna of main element as the transmitting of wireless system
The core of machine and essential part, cascade system and performance between internal part play entire transmitter most important
Effect.
In traditional active antenna, standalone module design (being respectively matched to 50 Ω) is respectively adopted in power amplifier and antenna
It directly interconnects again afterwards.To promote transmitter entirety efficiency, power amplifier generally uses the high efficiency power amplifier mode such as E or F class.Cause
This, in addition to straight by power amplifier chips, power amplifier chips in the traditional active antenna cascade system being made of power amplifier and antenna
Except power amplifier and antenna that stream biasing is constituted with stabilizing circuit and power amplifier chips sending-end impedance matching network, in power amplifier
Between chip output and antenna there is also power amplifier chips output harmonic wave control network, power amplifier chips output impedance matching networks and
These three passive networks of Antenna Impedance Matching network.These three passive networks, which not only occupy biggish bulk, (to be caused to send out
Penetrate the increase of machine circuit size), and the loss of passive network itself reduces the whole efficiency of transmitter.In addition, with wireless
The raising of system operating frequency is under high power excitation the passive network generation of (output power of power amplifier output end is larger)
Parasitic radiation can sharply increase the parasitic disturbances inside transmitter.
Transmitter needs to cover biggish bandwidth of operation in the wireless systems such as communication and radar, to meet high data rate biography
Defeated needs.As the 5th Generation Mobile Communication System can reach 200MHz (such as if assignment is brought in 6GHz or less range
3.4-3.6GHz)；After millimeter wave frequency band in future introduces, the bandwidth of operation of the wireless systems such as communication and radar is up to GHz.When
Many drawbacks existing for cascade system leverage the performance of the transmitter of wireless system inside preceding traditional active antenna.
In view of this, design a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna, for reduce transmitter integrated circuit occupy size,
Loss and parasitic disturbances promote transmitter overall performance and are of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna, the wireless systems
With high efficiency active antenna size is smaller simultaneously with efficient, transmitter integrated circuit can be reduced and occupy size, damage
Consumption and parasitic disturbances promote transmitter overall performance.
The technical scheme of the invention to solve the technical problem is: a kind of wireless system high efficiency active day
The dielectric-slab is arranged in line, including dielectric-slab, power amplification circuit and aerial radiation structure, the power amplification circuit
Upper surface, the power amplification circuit includes power amplifier chips, power amplifier input resistant matching network and direct current biasing and power amplifier
Stabilizing circuit, the power amplifier input resistant matching network and the direct current biasing and power amplifier stabilizing circuit respectively with it is described
Power amplifier chips connection, the lower surface of the medium substrate are covered with metal ground plane, and the aerial radiation structure includes passing
Defeated line and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure, the transmission line are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric-slab, the biography
One end of defeated line and the output end of the function chip are connected directly, and the aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure setting are in institute
On the metal ground plane stated, the output signal of the power amplifier chips is transferred to described by the transmission line using coupled modes
Aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure, the aerial radiation can be by the defeated of the power amplifier chips with harmonic controling structure
The fundamental signal in signal radiate, keeps the second harmonic signal in the output signal of the power amplifier chips special in short circuit out
Property and make harmonic signal in the output signal of the power amplifier chips in open-circuit characteristic.
The transmission line realizes that the rectangular metal layer is along the left and right of the medium substrate using rectangular metal layer
Direction extends, and the left end of the rectangular metal layer is as one end of the transmission line and the output end of the power amplifier chips
It is connected directly, the aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure include the radius being provided on the metal ground plane, two
Subharmonic short slot and triple-frequency harmonics are opened a way slot, and the lower surface of the medium substrate is exposed to the radius, described
At second harmonic short slot and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot, the radius is used for the output of the power amplifier chips
Fundamental signal in signal is radiate, and the second harmonic short slot is for making in the output signal of the power amplifier chips
Second harmonic signal be in short circuit curve, the described triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot is for making in the output signal of the power amplifier chips
Harmonic signal be in open-circuit characteristic, the radius, the second harmonic short slot and the triple-frequency harmonics are opened
Road slot is respectively rectangular channel, the radius, the second harmonic short slot and the triple-frequency harmonics open circuit equal edge of slot
The front-rear direction of the medium substrate extends, the radius, the second harmonic short slot and described humorous three times
Wave open circuit slot is sequentially arranged at intervals according to sequence from right to left, radius center line in left-right direction, described
The center line three of center line and the triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot in left-right direction of second harmonic short slot in left-right direction
Person is located along the same line, the center line of the transmission line in left-right direction and the center of the radius in left-right direction
Line is in the same plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the medium substrate, plane where the left side of the transmission line with
Plane where the left side of the triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot is overlapped or the left side of transmission line place plane is located at
The left side of plane where the left side of the described triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot, plane where the right side of the transmission line with it is described
Radius right side where plane be overlapped or the right side of the transmission line is located at the right side of the radius
The right side of place plane.In the structure, directlys adopt rectangular metal layer and realize transmission line, realize antenna by three rectangular channels
Radiation and harmonic controling structure, the output signal of power amplifier chips directly pass through rectangular metal layer and are coupled in three rectangular channels,
Guarantee active antenna have it is efficient on the basis of, structure is more simple, and active antenna overall structure is more compact.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows be made up of transmission line and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure
Aerial radiation structure, transmission line are attached to the upper surface of dielectric-slab, and one end of transmission line and the output end of function chip are connected directly,
On metal ground plane, transmission line is believed the output of power amplifier chips using coupled modes for aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure setting
It number is transferred to aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure, aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure can be by the output signals of power amplifier chips
In fundamental signal radiate, make second harmonic signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips in short circuit curve and make power amplifier
Harmonic signal in the output signal of chip is in open-circuit characteristic, it is possible thereby to make power amplifier chips work in F class state, is realized
The aerial radiation structure that efficiency operation, transmission line and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure are constituted itself is one complete
Antenna structure, so that active antenna of the invention has wider bandwidth of operation and harmonic wave control bandwidth, the aerial radiation structure
It is directly connected to power amplification circuit, eliminates power amplifier harmonic controling network between the two, power amplifier output impedance matching networks
With these three passive networks of antenna feed impedance matching network, that realizes between aerial radiation structure and power amplifier chips highly integrated is set
Meter, the present invention are directly connected to constitute by aerial radiation structure with power amplification circuit, and the transmitter being not only greatly reduced is whole
Circuit size and by the loss of passive network bring, parasitic radiation and interference, and can effectively promote the efficiency of whole design,
High performance state is kept in wider bandwidth of operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the top view of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the bottom view of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention；
Fig. 3 is that the impedance of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention is waiting the distribution character curve on PAE circle
Figure；
Fig. 4 is distribution character curve of the impedance of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention on power contour
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the directional diagram of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention at 3.4GHz；
Fig. 6 is the directional diagram of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention at 3.5GHz；
Fig. 7 is the directional diagram of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention at 3.6GHz；
Fig. 8 is the frequency sweep simulation curve of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention under 26dBm input power
Figure；
Fig. 9 is the frequency sweep simulation curve figure of wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention at 3.5GHz；
Figure 10 is output power curve figure of the present invention from existing antenna under different input powers；
Figure 11 is PAE curve graph of the present invention from existing antenna under different input powers.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
Embodiment: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna, including dielectric-slab 1, power are put
The upper surface of dielectric-slab 1 is arranged in big circuit and aerial radiation structure, power amplification circuit, and power amplification circuit includes power amplifier core
Piece 2, power amplifier input resistant matching network 3 and direct current biasing and power amplifier stabilizing circuit 4, power amplifier input resistant matching network 3 and straight
Stream biasing is connect with power amplifier chips 2 respectively with power amplifier stabilizing circuit 4, and the lower surface of medium substrate is covered with metal ground plane 5, day
Beta radiation structure includes transmission line 6 and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure 7, and transmission line 6 is attached to the upper surface of dielectric-slab 1,
One end of transmission line 6 and the output end of function chip are connected directly, and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure 7 are arranged in metal ground plane
On 5, the output signal of power amplifier chips 2 is transferred to aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure 7, day using coupled modes by transmission line 6
Fundamental signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips 2 can radiate, make power amplifier chips by beta radiation and harmonic controling structure 7
Second harmonic signal in 2 output signal in short circuit curve and believes the triple-frequency harmonics in the output signal of power amplifier chips 2
Number be in open-circuit characteristic.
In the present embodiment, transmission line 6 is realized using rectangular metal layer, and rectangular metal layer prolongs along the left and right directions of medium substrate
Stretch, the left end of rectangular metal layer is connected directly as one end of transmission line 6 and the output end of power amplifier chips 2, aerial radiation with it is humorous
Wave control structure 7 includes radius 8, second harmonic short slot 9 and triple-frequency harmonics the open circuit slot being provided on metal ground plane 5
10, the lower surface of medium substrate is exposed at radius 8, second harmonic short slot 9 and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot 10, radius 8
For the fundamental signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips 2 to be radiate, second harmonic short slot 9 is for making power amplifier chips 2
Output signal in second harmonic signal be in short circuit curve, triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot 10 is for believing the output of power amplifier chips 2
Harmonic signal in number is in open-circuit characteristic, and radius 8, second harmonic short slot 9 and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot 10 are respectively
Rectangular channel, radius 8, second harmonic short slot 9 and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot 10 extend along the front-rear direction of medium substrate, spoke
It penetrates slot 8, second harmonic short slot 9 and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot 10 to be sequentially arranged at intervals according to sequence from right to left, radius 8
Center line in left-right direction, second harmonic short slot 9 center line in left-right direction and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot 10 are along a left side
The center line three of right direction is located along the same line, and the center line of transmission line 6 in left-right direction and radius 8 are in left-right direction
Center line it is in the same plane, and the plane is perpendicular to medium substrate, plane where the left side of transmission line 6 with it is humorous three times
Plane where the left side of wave open circuit slot 10 is overlapped or the left side of transmission line 6 place plane is located at triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot
The left side of plane where 10 left side, plane weight where the right side of plane and radius 8 where the right side of transmission line 6
The right side of plane where the right side of conjunction or transmission line 6 is located at the right side of radius 8.
It is high to wireless system of the invention for the excellent benefit for verifying wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention
Each performance of efficiency active antenna carries out experiment simulation respectively.Wherein, power amplifier chips use the GaN power amplifier using Cree company
Pipe, dielectric-slab use the 4350B (other dielectric board materials can also be used) of Rogers to cover bandwidth as 3.4- in 5G communication
3.6GHz frequency range.With in high efficiency active antenna, aerial radiation can be realized wireless system of the invention with harmonic controling structure
Harmonic controling, thus the work of power amplifier chips 2 is in F class state.Comprehensively consider the output power and efficiency of F class power amplifier, sets target
Power added efficiency (PAE) for active antenna entirety of the invention in covering bandwidth is greater than 60%, peak power output 38dBm
More than, and covering bandwidth in output-power fluctuation within 3dB.The resistance of wireless system of the invention high efficiency active antenna
Resist the distribution character curve on equal PAE circle as shown in figure 3, the wireless system impedance of high efficiency active antenna of the invention exists
Distribution character curve on power contour is as shown in Figure 4.Although analysis chart 3 it is found that the impedance of P1 point not in the highest of 3.4GHz
At PAE point, but it is still in PAE waiting in circle greater than 60%；P2 point almost with the highest PAE impedance point weight of 3.5GHz
It closes, desired impedance matching when this is design；For P3 point equally as P1 point, from obtaining, highest PAE point is distant, but meets
The requirement of PAE.P4, P5 and P6 are located near short-circuit impedance point as second harmonic impedance point, and approximation realizes that second harmonic is short
Road.P7, P8, P9 are the impedance points of triple-frequency harmonics, from the figure, it can be seen that these three points are located near open-circuit impedance point, it is also real
Approximate triple-frequency harmonics open circuit is showed.Analysis chart 4 is it is found that in 3.4-3.6GHz bandwidth internal impedance all in the power contour of decline 3dB
It is interior, and the power contour from -3dB is farther out, in fact the impedance value of three frequency points be all located at maximum power decline 2dB etc.
In power circle, so preferable output power stability is presented in bandwidth.
To become apparent from the impedance operator for indicating wireless system high efficiency active antenna of the invention, by work in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Make the impedance value at bandwidth, second harmonic and triple-frequency harmonics to extract, is depicted as table 1, as follows:
1 antenna of table emulates each frequency point impedance
Wireless system of the invention is with directional diagram of the high efficiency active antenna at 3.4GHz as shown in figure 5, of the invention
Wireless system directional diagram of the high efficiency active antenna at 3.5GHz is as shown in fig. 6, wireless system high efficiency of the invention
Directional diagram of the active antenna at 3.6GHz is as shown in Figure 7.Analysis chart 5- Fig. 7 is it is found that in wireless system of the invention with efficiently
In rate active antenna bandwidth of operation other than impedance operator meets power amplifier requirement, still there is stable and preferable radiance.
The frequency sweep simulation curve such as Fig. 8 of wireless system of the invention with high efficiency active antenna under 26dBm input power
Shown, wireless system of the invention is as shown in Figure 9 with frequency sweep simulation curve of the high efficiency active antenna at 3.5GHz.Emulation
When, the drain bias voltage of power amplifier chips is set as Vds=28V, and gate bias voltage is set as Vgs=-3.2V.Analysis chart 8
It is found that the PAE range when input power is 26dBm is 53%-71%, wherein highest PAE point within the scope of 3.3-3.7GHz
Occur center frequency point 3.5GHz, in 3.4-3.7GHz, output power can slightly decline, but overall power fluctuating range ±
Within 1dB.For analysis chart 9 it is found that when input power is lower than 22.5dBm, the gain of antenna is in stable state, but at this time
PAE is relatively low, and with continuing growing for input power, gain starts to compress, but PAE is initially located in higher stage, is inputting
At power 27.5dBm, PAE reaches maximum 72.5%, and output power also reaches 38.4dBm.
To wireless system of the invention high efficiency active antenna (integrated design) and traditional antenna (separate design)
Performance carry out emulation comparison, wherein the output power curve of the present invention and existing antenna under different input powers is as schemed
Shown in 10, the present invention and PAE curve of the existing antenna under different input powers are as shown in figure 11.Analysis chart 10 it is found that
When input power is greater than 22dBm, the efficiency of this present invention compared to the prior art is promoted, and maximum is lifted at 5% or more,
When working frequency is further up, improved efficiency be will become more apparent, and especially in millimeter wave frequency band, improved efficiency is up to
10% or more.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna, including dielectric-slab, power amplification circuit and aerial radiation structure, described
Power amplification circuit the upper surface of the dielectric-slab is set, the power amplification circuit includes power amplifier chips, power amplifier
Input resistant matching network and direct current biasing and power amplifier stabilizing circuit, the power amplifier input resistant matching network and described straight
Stream biasing is connect with the power amplifier chips respectively with power amplifier stabilizing circuit, and the lower surface of the medium substrate is covered with metal
Ground plane, it is characterised in that the aerial radiation structure includes transmission line and aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure, described
Transmission line is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric-slab, and one end of the transmission line and the output end of the function chip are direct
It is connected, on the metal ground plane, the transmission line uses coupling for the aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure setting
The output signal of the power amplifier chips is transferred to the aerial radiation and harmonic controling structure, the antenna by conjunction mode
Radiation with harmonic controling structure the fundamental signal in the output signal of the power amplifier chips can be radiate, make it is described
Second harmonic signal in the output signal of power amplifier chips in short circuit curve and makes in the output signal of the power amplifier chips
Harmonic signal be in open-circuit characteristic.
2. a kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transmission line
It is realized using rectangular metal layer, the rectangular metal layer extends along the left and right directions of the medium substrate, the rectangle
The left end of metal layer is connected directly as one end of the transmission line and the output end of the power amplifier chips, the antenna
Radiation includes the radius being provided on the metal ground plane, second harmonic short slot and humorous three times with harmonic controling structure
Wave is opened a way slot, and the lower surface of the medium substrate is exposed to the radius, the second harmonic short slot and described
Triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot at, the radius be used for by the output signal of the power amplifier chips fundamental signal radiate
It goes out, the second harmonic short slot is used to make the second harmonic signal in the output signal of the power amplifier chips in short circuit
Characteristic, the triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot are used to make the harmonic signal in the output signal of the power amplifier chips in open circuit
Characteristic, the radius, the second harmonic short slot and the triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot are respectively rectangular channel, described
Radius, the second harmonic short slot and described triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot along the front and back of the medium substrate
To extension, the radius, the second harmonic short slot and described triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot are according to from right to left
Sequence is sequentially arranged at intervals, and the center line of the radius in left-right direction, the second harmonic short slot are along right and left
To center line and the described triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot center line three in left-right direction be located along the same line, it is described
The center line of transmission line in left-right direction and the center line of the radius in left-right direction are in the same plane, and this is flat
Face is perpendicular to the medium substrate, a left side for plane where the left side of the transmission line and triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot
Plane where end face is overlapped or the left side of transmission line place plane is positioned at a left side for the triple-frequency harmonics open circuit slot
The left side of plane where end face, plane where the right side of plane and the radius where the right side of the transmission line
The right side of plane where the right side of coincidence or the transmission line is located at the right side of the radius.
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| CN201910373390.XA CN110224220A (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | A kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna |
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| CN201910373390.XA CN110224220A (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | A kind of wireless system high efficiency active antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113113767A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-13 | 宁波大学 | Broadband active power amplifier integrated antenna |
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Application publication date: 20190910 |