CN110223341A - A kind of Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition - Google Patents

A kind of Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition Download PDF

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CN110223341A
CN110223341A CN201910517818.3A CN201910517818A CN110223341A CN 110223341 A CN110223341 A CN 110223341A CN 201910517818 A CN201910517818 A CN 201910517818A CN 110223341 A CN110223341 A CN 110223341A
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water
water gauge
image
gauge
height
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CN110223341B (en
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严建华
贺鑫焱
刘昌军
何秉顺
林灿尧
李青
李磊
何艳芳
张翠军
杨兵
申玉龙
肖鹏磊
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Hua Yuan Science And Technology Ltd Of Beijing China Telecom
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/04Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by dip members, e.g. dip-sticks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/60Analysis of geometric attributes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10016Video; Image sequence
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20081Training; Learning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20084Artificial neural networks [ANN]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)

Abstract

The Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition that the invention proposes a kind of, comprising: receive the image data sent by picture pick-up device in tested region;Detection identification is carried out to the above water gauge part of the water surface in described image data using deep neural network, the water gauge image that algorithm is partitioned into the water surface or more is cut using figure on this basis;The water gauge height of the water surface or more is calculated according to the water gauge image being partitioned into, and combines the whole height of water gauge, obtains water surface water gauge height below;The height of the elevation and the following water gauge of the water surface that obtain real site water gauge bottom can calculate water level value.The present invention is not necessarily to artificial on-site land survey water level, realizes that image obtains by remote mode, is analyzed and processed locally, calculates water level value, significantly reduce manual work cost, also improve the accuracy of measurement.

Description

A kind of Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition
Technical field
The present invention relates to water level monitoring technical field, in particular to a kind of Intelligent water level monitoring side based on image recognition Method.
Background technique
Water-level observation refers to the measurement on the spot to the water level of rivers, lake and underground water etc..Water level prediction and human society Life and the relations of production are close.Planning, design, construction and the management of hydraulic engineering need water level prediction.Bridge, harbour, navigation channel, The engineering constructions such as plumbing also need water level prediction.In flood-control and drought relief, water level prediction is even more important, it is hydrologic forecast and hydrology feelings The foundation of report.Water level prediction is all important in the research of stage discharge relation and in the analysis of river load, ice condition etc. Basic document.
Usually measured using water gauge.Water gauge is traditional effective direct observation device.When actual measurement, the reading on water gauge adds Water gauge zero point elevation is up to water level.Observation time and observation frequency will adapt to the process of SEA LEVEL VARIATION in one day, meet the hydrology The requirement of forecast and hydrographic message.Under normal circumstances, day surveys 1~2 time.There is flood, icing, floating ice, generate ice dam and have ice When snowmelt feeder, increases observation frequency, the result measured is enable completely to reflect the process of SEA LEVEL VARIATION.
Existing mode is this mode not only labor intensive by artificial on-site land survey, but also is deposited to personal safety It is threatening, and efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention aims to solve at least one of described technological deficiency.
For this purpose, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition.
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of Intelligent water level monitoring side based on image recognition Method includes the following steps:
Step S1 receives the image data sent by picture pick-up device in tested region, wherein wrap in described image data Include water gauge image;
Step S2 carries out detection identification to the water gauge in described image data using deep neural network, on this basis The water gauge image that algorithm is partitioned into the water surface or more is cut using figure;
Step S3 calculates the water gauge height of the water surface or more according to the water gauge image being partitioned into, and combines the entirety of water gauge Height, obtain water surface water gauge height below;
Step S4, the height for obtaining the following water gauge of the water surface obtained in the elevation and step S3 of real site water gauge bottom can To calculate water level value.
Further, in the step S2, the water gauge in described image data is carried out using Faster R-CNN algorithm Detection identification.
Further, using the feature extraction network of Faster R-CNN algorithm, water is extracted from the image data received The feature of ruler image generates characteristic pattern;
Using RPN network as candidate region network, handled on the characteristic pattern, output have a variety of scales and The rectangular target candidate region of the ratio of width to height;
It is defeated according to the feature in candidate region by characteristic pattern and the object candidate area of generation input classification Recurrent networks The classification and water gauge bounding box for the water gauge candidate region being born.
Further, it according to preset area-of-interest, is sat using the top left co-ordinate of the area-of-interest and the lower right corner It is denoted as cutting the input coordinate of algorithm for figure, the water gauge figure that algorithm is partitioned into the water surface or more from the water gauge bounding box is cut using figure Picture, wherein the area-of-interest is the default region for confining water gauge.
Further, read in the top left co-ordinate slave site water gauge data table of the area-of-interest, bottom right angular coordinate with The lower-left angular coordinate of the water gauge bounding box is consistent.
Further, the feature extraction network of the Faster R-CNN algorithm uses following one kind: ZF network, VGG16 net Network and AlexNet network.
Further, in the step S3, the water gauge that the water gauge image that the basis is partitioned into calculates the water surface or more is high Degree includes the following steps: according to the water gauge image for being partitioned into the water surface or more, using the pixel number of the above water gauge of the water surface divided by unit Pixel number in length obtains the above water gauge height of the water surface, then subtracts the above water gauge height of the water surface by the whole height of water gauge and be The following water gauge height of the water surface.
Further, pixel number is calculated by preset website water gauge data table in the unit length.
Intelligent water level monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention based on image recognition, the water based on intelligent image identification Level monitoring system, using relevant computer vision technique and machine learning (including deep learning) algorithm, exploitation based on figure As the intelligent water gauge reading technology of (video), it can receive what the picture pick-up device teletransmission that reservoir, tunnel etc. are installed came Image or video containing water gauge, are combined by image processing techniques, deep learning and conventional method, to the water gauge in image Detected and identified, demarcated the above water gauge part of the water surface, calculate the above water gauge Partial Height of the water surface etc., and then obtain water level number According to.Realization is automatically saved, shown or is returned request end to calculated waterlevel data.If water level value is more than warning value, can To carry out water level early warning.The present invention is not necessarily to artificial on-site land survey water level, realizes that image obtains by remote mode, in local progress Analysis processing, calculates height of water level, significantly reduces manual work cost, also improve the accuracy of measurement.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the Intelligent water level monitoring based on image recognition of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Faster R-CNN network architecture figure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Faster R-CNN feature extraction network structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that network and classification Recurrent networks structure are generated according to the candidate region Faster R-CNN of the embodiment of the present invention Figure;
Fig. 5 is the Grabcut algorithm flow chart according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the hardware environment according to the water level monitoring system deployment based on intelligent image identification of the embodiment of the present invention Figure.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition of the embodiment of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step S1 receives the image data sent by picture pick-up device in tested region, wherein includes water in image data Ruler image.
Specifically, being equipped with more picture pick-up devices around tested region, the image containing water gauge is shot by picture pick-up device, Then remote transmission is analyzed and processed to host computer.
Step S2, host computer carry out detection identification to the water gauge in image data using deep neural network, basic herein On the water gauge image that algorithm is partitioned into the water surface or more cut using figure.
In this step, referring to figs. 2 to Fig. 4, the water gauge in image data is examined using Faster R-CNN algorithm Survey identification.Faster R-CNN is a classical depth network structure for carrying out target detection, it will be traditional SelectiveSearch extract mesh calibration method be substituted for network training to realize so that it is full-range detection, classification speed and Detection accuracy is substantially improved.
Faster R-CNN algorithm is broadly divided into two steps:
(1) it determines the position of target, then the classification of target is identified.In concrete implementation, one is inputted first Image is opened, is then operated by a series of convolution, pondization, extracts the feature of image, generate characteristic pattern.
(2) network is generated using candidate region, is handled on characteristic pattern, generate the target of different scale and the ratio of width to height Candidate region.
(3) by characteristic pattern and the object candidate area of generation input classification Recurrent networks, according in object candidate area Feature exports the classification and object boundary frame of the object candidate area of generation.
Mainly be made of three sub- networks in Faster R-CNN network structure: feature extraction network, candidate region generate Network and classification Recurrent networks.
Specifically, corresponding to the water gauge image procossing in of the invention, include the following steps:
Firstly, extracting water gauge from the image data received using the feature extraction network of Faster R-CNN algorithm The feature of image generates characteristic pattern.
Then, it using RPN network as candidate region network, is handled on characteristic pattern, output has a variety of scales With the rectangular target candidate region of the ratio of width to height.RPN network is that the input of a full convolutional network RPN network is feature extraction network The characteristic pattern of output exports the rectangular target candidate region with a variety of scales and the ratio of width to height.RPN network passes through one 3 first × 3 convolution kernel carries out convolution operation to characteristic pattern, forms a feature vector, the convolution kernel for being then 1 × 1 with two sizes Two full articulamentums are simulated, the score and corrected parameter of candidate region are obtained, normalizing is carried out to score finally by Softmax layers Change, obtain candidate region whether include object to be measured confidence level.
Finally, needing to carry out candidate region classification after extracting candidate region and returning operation.Classification Recurrent networks Input is the characteristic pattern of feature extraction network output and the candidate region that network exports is extracted in candidate region, and output is candidate regions Domain corresponds to the confidence level of each classification and the corrected parameter of candidate region.By characteristic pattern and the input point of the object candidate area of generation Class Recurrent networks export the classification and water gauge bounding box of the water gauge candidate region of generation according to the feature in candidate region.
In one embodiment of the invention, feature extraction network is a convolutional Neural net in Faster R-CNN algorithm Network, the network structure can be used as the feature extraction network of Faster R-CNN algorithm, and the characteristics of image of extraction is subsequent network Input is provided.The feature extraction network of Faster R-CNN algorithm uses following one kind: ZF network, VGG16 network and AlexNet Network.It should be noted that feature extraction network is not limited to the example above, other kinds of network can also be used, herein not It repeats again.
It is emerging using feeling according to preset area-of-interest after detecting water gauge image using Faster R-CNN algorithm The top left co-ordinate and bottom right angular coordinate in interesting region cut the input coordinate of algorithm as figure, cut algorithm from water gauge bounding box using figure In be partitioned into the water gauge image of the water surface or more, wherein area-of-interest is the default region for confining water gauge.A left side for area-of-interest It is read in upper angular coordinate slave site water gauge data table, bottom right angular coordinate is consistent with the lower-left angular coordinate of water gauge bounding box.
As shown in figure 5, the figure technology of cutting is the image segmentation algorithm based on graph theory, regard an image as a figure, image In each pixel represent a node on figure, the relationship between node is regarded side as, is indicated with the similarity between node The weighted value on its side.During each segmentation, the lesser connection of weight is deleted, so that the higher pixel of similarity is located at In the same figure, the lower pixel of similarity is located in different figures, is achieved in the continuous division of figure, final to realize to whole Open the segmentation of image.
The coordinate scaling method of preset area-of-interest is described in detail below:
Due to camera shaking etc., small movement often occurs for the position of water gauge in the picture.Using the figure side of cutting When method calculates water gauge height, need using area-of-interest top left co-ordinate and bottom right angular coordinate.Bottom right angular coordinate can pass through Object detection method obtains, and is not required to initialize, top left co-ordinate is initialized." the area-of-interest upper left corner " position one As take upper left quarter in water gauge, it is ensured that when camera shakes, the X-coordinate and Y-coordinate of water gauge upper left position, which are respectively less than, is equal to sense The X-coordinate and Y-coordinate of interest region upper left position.
Algorithm Accurate Segmentation is cut using figure and goes out the above water gauge part of the water surface.Faster R-CNN is detected shown in water gauge presence Water gauge target confines not accurate enough problem, that is, the bounding box and the above water gauge of the water surface of the above water gauge of the water surface detected are in image In actual boundary frame it is variant.Therefore, the present invention is according further to the area-of-interest (region for confining water gauge) in image, Algorithm Accurate Segmentation is cut using figure and goes out the above water gauge part of the water surface.Wherein, the top left co-ordinate slave site water gauge of area-of-interest It is read in tables of data, bottom right angular coordinate and the lower left corner of the target frame detected when application Faster R-CNN detection water gauge are sat Mark is consistent.Example cuts the segmentation that algorithm carries out the above water gauge part of the water surface to water gauge frame application drawing, and foreground part is the water surface or more Water gauge part.
Step S3 calculates the water gauge height of the water surface or more according to the water gauge image being partitioned into, and combines the entirety of water gauge Height, obtain water surface water gauge height below.
Specifically, calculating the water gauge height of the water surface or more according to the water gauge image being partitioned into, include the following steps: basis Be partitioned into the water gauge image of the water surface or more, using the above water gauge of the water surface pixel number divided by pixel number in unit length (water surface with Pixel number in pixel number/unit length of upper water gauge), the above water gauge height of the water surface is obtained, then subtracted by the whole height of water gauge The above water gauge height of the water surface is the following water gauge height of the water surface.Wherein, in unit length pixel number by preset website water gauge number It is calculated according to table (table 1).
1 website water gauge data table of table
Specifically, the calculation method of " pixel number in unit length " is as follows: in website water gauge data table " in unit length Pixel number " is needed by being calculated.Calculating process is as follows: the water gauge of certain length is chosen on the image, if its corresponding reality Border water gauge length is x (can calculate from water gauge scale difference).If the pixel number in the corresponding image of the length is y, unit is long Pixel number is equal to y/x in spending.
Step S4, the height for obtaining the following water gauge of the water surface obtained in the elevation and step S3 of real site water gauge bottom can To calculate water level value.
Every technical parameter of the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
(1) use environment
Hardware environment: Windows 10 (Ubuntu 16.4.3), 8G memory (16G memory is excellent), CPU (Intel i7) or GPU
Software environment: TensorFlow, keras frame, the library OpenCV, python language, MySQL database
(2) software function
1) initialization data library table, database table structure are as shown in table 2;
2 database table structure of table
NODE: the number in identification test river
Position: the water level value of water level when last time tests the website
PixelSise: the pixel number of unit length, unit are how many pixels per cm
Tm: the time when website water level value is tested
X: figure cuts the X-coordinate in the upper left corner for the area-of-interest being applied to when algorithm
Y: figure cuts the Y coordinate data library connection in the upper left corner for the area-of-interest being applied to when algorithm:
Host=" 127.0.0.1 ", user=" root ", passwd=" 123456 ", db=" waterline "
2) request image recognition request (including interface parameters in request, referring in particular to interface specification) is received, to legal figure As carrying out Intelligent water level detection (including water gauge detection, water level value calculate) or reporting an error to illegal image, detection knot is returned Fruit etc..
(3) data demand is provided
Data: the image data of offer includes different quality, different application scene, different illumination conditions and different weather feelings The image of condition.
(4) interface
Network address:
119.3.204.121:8888/delect? stcd=1&imageUrl=http: //www.slhzt.com/img/ 1/2.jpg&mId=1&tm=1233
Server address: 119.3.204.121
Port numbers: 8888
Main program entrance: delect
Website number: stcd
Picture address: imageUrl=http: //www.slhzt.com/img/1/2.jpg
No. id: mId of picture
Time: tm
Data transmit http://ip:port/XXXX/XX
It is passed and is joined using post, Transfer Parameters are as shown in table 3.
3 Transfer Parameters table of table
Attribute type Attribute-name Attribute value and its meaning
String token Token certification
String stcd Survey station coding
String imageUrl Picture address
String mId Picture id
Date tm Time
String req1 Required parameter 1 (is stayed and is supplemented)
String req2 Required parameter 2 (is stayed and is supplemented)
String req3 Required parameter 3 (is stayed and is supplemented)
String req4 Required parameter 4 (is stayed and is supplemented)
Return parameters are shown in Table 4 with the passback of json format, return parameters table.
4 return parameters table of table
(5) it disposes
Water level monitoring system based on intelligent image identification has been deployed on Huawei's Cloud Server of company side's rent, cloud clothes Device configuration be engaged in as shown in Figure 6.
Intelligent water level monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention based on image recognition, the water based on intelligent image identification Level monitoring system, using relevant computer vision technique and machine learning (including deep learning) algorithm, exploitation based on figure As the intelligent water gauge reading technology of (video), it can receive what the picture pick-up device teletransmission that reservoir, tunnel etc. are installed came Image or video containing water gauge, are combined by image processing techniques, deep learning and conventional method, to the water gauge in image Detected and identified, demarcated the above water gauge part of the water surface, calculate the above water gauge Partial Height of the water surface etc., and then obtain water level number According to.Realization is automatically saved, shown or is returned request end to calculated waterlevel data.If water level value is more than warning value, can To carry out water level early warning.The present invention is not necessarily to artificial on-site land survey water level, realizes that image obtains by remote mode, in local progress Analysis processing, calculates height of water level, significantly reduces manual work cost, also improve the accuracy of measurement.
The performance of the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition of the embodiment of the present invention describes:
1) situations such as being adapted to different water quality, application scenarios, illumination, weather.It specifically includes:
(1) it is adapted to different water quality situations, such as turbidity, contains floating material etc.;
(2) it is adapted to different application scenarios simultaneously;
(3) illumination condition is needed all to can recognize day and night based on night vision function;
(4) the complicated weather condition of adaptation, such as heavy rainfall, mist, haze are cloudy etc..
2) detection accuracy error+5cm~-5cm.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any One or more embodiment or examples in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective In the case where can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.The scope of the present invention By appended claims and its equivalent limit.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition, which comprises the steps of:
Step S1 receives the image data sent by picture pick-up device in tested region, wherein includes water in described image data Ruler image;
Step S2 carries out detection identification to the water gauge in described image data using deep neural network, uses on this basis Figure cuts the water gauge image that algorithm is partitioned into the water surface or more;
Step S3 calculates the water gauge height of the water surface or more according to the water gauge image being partitioned into, and combines the whole height of water gauge, Obtain water surface water gauge height below;
Step S4, the height for obtaining the following water gauge of the water surface obtained in the elevation and step S3 of real site water gauge bottom can be counted Calculate water level value.
2. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2 In, detection identification is carried out to the water gauge in described image data using Faster R-CNN algorithm.
3. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
The feature extraction network of Faster R-CNN algorithm extracts the feature of water gauge image from the image data received, raw At characteristic pattern;
It using RPN network as candidate region network, is handled on the characteristic pattern, output has a variety of scales and width high The rectangular target candidate region of ratio;
By characteristic pattern and the object candidate area of generation input classification Recurrent networks, according to the feature in candidate region, output life At water gauge candidate region classification and water gauge bounding box.
4. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that according to preset sense The input coordinate of algorithm is cut in interest region using the top left co-ordinate of the area-of-interest and with bottom right angular coordinate as figure, The water gauge image that algorithm is partitioned into the water surface or more is cut using figure.Wherein, the area-of-interest is the default region for confining water gauge.
5. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the region of interest It is read in the top left co-ordinate slave site water gauge data table in domain, the lower-left angular coordinate one of bottom right angular coordinate and the water gauge bounding box It causes.
6. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the Faster The feature extraction network of R-CNN algorithm uses following one kind: ZF network, VGG16 network and AlexNet network.
7. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S3 In, the water gauge image that the basis is partitioned into calculates the water gauge height of the water surface or more, includes the following steps: to be discharged according to segmentation Water gauge image more than face obtains the above water of the water surface using the pixel number of the above water gauge of the water surface divided by pixel number in unit length Ruler height, then subtracting the above water gauge height of the water surface by the whole height of water gauge is the following water gauge height of the water surface.
8. the Intelligent water level monitoring method based on image recognition as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the unit length Interior pixel number is calculated by preset website water gauge data table.
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