CN110222950A - A kind of the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of urban transportation - Google Patents
A kind of the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of urban transportation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation, and steps are as follows: one: by the variation relation between analysis city traffic congestion rate and traffic macro operation level, determining seepage flow critical point, and determine warning index according to this；Two: determining that urban traffic blocking propagates index；Three: null subgraph size and the operation level versus time curve of each road when drawing horizontal Traffic Systems macro operation, urban congestion, and determine Traffic Systems in the elastic index of different scale according to this；By above step, the present invention establishes a set of evaluation index system than more complete Traffic Systems health；The method of proposition can be that the theory and technology that provide of the comprehensive of Traffic Systems, integrated management and regulation instructs, and also have inspiration and directive function for alleviating urban traffic jam, construction wisdom traffic system etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention proposes the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation, it is related to " the hair in traffic congestion
Urban transportation health monitoring and evaluation method in life-evolution-recovery " life cycle management, belong to traffic reliability and network
Discipline intersection technical field.
Background technique
With the continuous expansion of Urban Traffic Infrastructure Scale, city automobile ownership is continuously increased, city road network
The relation between supply and demand of transport is also more nervous, and the traffic congestion of middle and small scale occurs often for each big city, or even in certain extreme days
The systemic traffic paralysis throughout the whole network scale is evolved under the influence of gas.This makes Modern City Traffic system, especially one
A little wagon flow peak periods, often it is faced with huge operating pressure.In face of this challenge, the expert and scholar of related fields are continuous
It is proposed new theory and measure, it would be desirable to alleviated using more scientific method urban transportation resource and transport need not
With degree.
In recent years, " smart city " concept is that the development of traffic science and engineering brings new enlightenment, it is intended to establish
One incorporates the comprehensive platform of the emerging information technologies such as big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing, this platform will integrate city
All key messages of operation formulate the counter-measure of " intelligence " for all kinds of problems encountered in traffic circulation.Establish " intelligence
Intelligent city " platform has critically important inspiration effect for the developing prospect of Traffic Systems, has also therefore caused state
An inside and outside wheel new city builds trend: including Columbus city, the U.S., Toronto, Copenhagen, Denmark, Spain
The cities such as Barcelona etc., and domestic Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, are proposed respective " smart city " scheme.But
Urban traffic network is a big system with complicated space-time characterisation, and people are for its heartbeat failure --- congestion evolution mechanism
Understanding it is still insufficient, this will cause the effect of all kinds of " smart city " schemes in the actual implementation process to be had a greatly reduced quality.Such as
Traffic Systems are compared to human body by fruit, then the congested in traffic even congestion problems occurred in this system, so that it may liken
At a kind of "urban disease", and " smart city " platform can complete health monitoring, the disease row of urban transportation then as a doctor
It looks into, the functions such as therapeutic scheme is provided."urban disease" has been treated, has kept the health of Traffic Systems, key is that can
" catching pathology ", " suiting the remedy to the case ": traffic congestion is found accurately in life cycle management each stage of " generation-evolution-recovery "
" lesion " (failure mechanism), carry out targetedly urban transportation health monitoring and disease " anti-diagnosis and treatment ".
At present is substantially at for the research of city health the starting stage, existing method mainly utilizes various traffic shapes
State index carrys out analysis city traffic reliability, thus evaluates urban transportation health degree.For example, existing research both at home and abroad proposes
The indexs such as the connected sets of urban traffic network, Capacity Reliability and trip time dependability, measuring given city
Operating status, as implement urban transportation health control reference frame.Among these, connected sets are mainly to analyze city
" capacity-load " of influence of city's road network structure for urban transportation health, each road of Capacity Reliability Primary Reference closes
System carrys out analysis city traffic health degree, and trip time dependability passes through analysis traveler then from the angle of traveler
Travelling complete efficiency and evaluate the urban transportation general level of the health.Based on these traffic behavior indexs, many enterprises in recent years
It also proposed some traffic health indicators with department.For example, " the 2018 years Chinese main cities traffic point of Gao De company publication
Analysis report " in, from three time, space and efficiency angles, using the private car and public transport data in urban traffic network,
Urban transportation Comprehensive health index is proposed, Gernral Check-up and sequence have been carried out to more than 50 a main cities of the country.
To sum up, with the universal and development of big data technology, information technology, existing urban transportation health assessment indicators
Comprehensive and comprehensive continuous improvement.But these indexs also have certain limitation: firstly, these indexs are mainly statistics
Matter, reflection individual or whole traffic circulation state, it is more difficult to which the space-time for embodying traffic congestion is propagated --- this heartbeat failure
Mode；Secondly, index, which calculates, relies on high-precision, prolonged traffic circulation data information very accurately to be evaluated
As a result, serious restriction of the result by statistical sampling；Again, these indexs are conceived to the one of analysis given time or given period
A little urban transportations run phenomenon, it is more difficult to provide the management decision-making supports such as corresponding prediction and regulation；Finally, these indexs are not formed
The urban transportation health life cycle management appraisement system from congestion " generation-evolution-recovery " of complete set.
In view of the limitation of above-mentioned existing research, the present invention is based on seepage theory, phase transformation theory, elastic theorys etc., propose
A kind of evaluation index system of Traffic Systems health, is related to " generation-evolution-recovery " life-cycle in traffic congestion
Urban transportation health monitoring and evaluation method, particular content in period is as follows:
The angle occurred from urban traffic blocking determines city by the flow event of analysis city traffic functional network
" controling parameter-S order parameter " relationship between congestion rate and the macro operation level of traffic, finds seepage flow critical point therein,
Early warning signal as urban transportation health；
The angle to develop from urban traffic blocking, passes through main " congestion-the is unimpeded " region of analysis city traffic network
The position of (hereinafter referred to as " red-green " region, red area correspond to congestion regions, and green area corresponds to unobstructed area) and size
The evolution Features such as variation and " growth-dissipation " of congestion regions, deeply excavate the Traffic Systems congestion mechanism of transmission, really
Surely the key area for triggering urban traffic area congestion, excavates the weak section of city health；
From urban traffic blocking restore angle, by from macroscopic view, it is middle sight and microcosmic three scales system resilience,
Macroscopically analyze the elasticity of urban traffic network macro operation level under given transportation condition；Analysis city traffic network in middle sight
In congestion space-time propagate elasticity；The elasticity of each road operation level of microcosmic upper analysis.Pass through the bullet of three above angle
Property analysis, the elastic behavior on urban transportation different scale is determined, as the reference frame for instructing urban transportation Health restoration.
By the way that in terms of three above, a kind of evaluation index system of Traffic Systems health proposed by the present invention has
Following advantage: firstly, index proposed by the present invention can not only reflect traffic circulation state from each stage, each scale, and
This heartbeat failure mode of the temporal-spatial evolution propagation characteristic of traffic congestion can also be analysed in depth；Secondly, items proposed by the present invention
Urban transportation health evaluating index does not depend on prolonged traffic circulation data information, it is only necessary to the traffic circulation number of short-term
Accurate evaluation result can be obtained according to urban road network topology information；Again, seepage theory, phase transformation are based on
Theoretical and elastic theory, urban transportation health evaluating index proposed by the present invention can the deep enough formation for excavating urban traffic blocking
Mechanism can be used as urban transportation health assessment foundation, also can be that the prediction of urban transportation health status and regulation is instructed to mention
For theoretical foundation；Finally, these evaluation indexes are capable of forming the evaluation index body of a set of synthesis, complete urban transportation health
System, is related to the urban transportation health monitoring and evaluation of the life cycle management of complete congestion " generation-evolution-recovery ".
Summary of the invention
(1) purpose of the present invention
The main object of the present invention includes: to propose the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation, it is related to
Urban transportation health monitoring and evaluation method in " generation-evolution-recovery " life cycle management of traffic congestion.From city
The angle that traffic congestion occurs, by the flow event of analysis city traffic functional network, determine urban transportation congestion rate and
" controling parameter-S order parameter " relationship between macro operation level, finds seepage flow critical point therein, strong as urban transportation
The early warning signal of health；The angle to develop from urban traffic blocking, passes through the main " red (to gather around of analysis city traffic network
It is stifled)-green (unimpeded) " evolution Features such as " growth-dissipation " of the position in region and size variation and congestion regions, deeply
The Traffic Systems congestion mechanism of transmission is excavated, determines the key area of triggering urban traffic area congestion, it is strong to excavate city
The weak section of health；The angle restored from urban traffic blocking, passes through the system resilience from macroscopic view, middle sight and microcosmic three scales
It sets out, macroscopically analyzes the elasticity of urban traffic network macro operation level under given transportation condition；City is analyzed in middle sight to hand over
The elasticity that congestion space-time in open network is propagated；The elasticity of each road operation level of microcosmic upper analysis.Pass through three above angle
The flexibility analysis of degree determines the elastic behavior on urban transportation different scale, as the reference for instructing urban transportation Health restoration
Foundation.It should be noted that the present invention is not just for urban pavement traffic, it is same for the traffic flow network such as subway, aviation
It is applicable in.
(2) technical solution of the present invention
The health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation proposed by the present invention, it is related in traffic congestion
Urban transportation health monitoring and evaluation method in " generation-evolution-recovery " life cycle management, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: being based on urban transportation operation data, with analysis of seepage flow, by analysis city traffic congestion rate and
Variation relation between traffic macro operation level, determines seepage flow critical point, and determine warning index according to this；
Step 2: being based on urban transportation operation data, determines the " red of the Traffic Systems under given reliability requirement
(congestion)-is green (unimpeded) " region, them are analyzed with the Evolvement of time, and determine that urban traffic blocking propagation refers to according to this
Mark；
Step 3: being based on urban transportation operation data, draws Traffic Systems macro operation level, urban congestion space-time
The operation level versus time curve of subgraph size and each road, and determine Traffic Systems in different scale according to this
Elastic index；
By above step, the present invention proposes the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation, it is effectively
In the angle analysis shape in urban traffic blocking each stage of " generation-evolution-recovery " life cycle management of traffic congestion
At mechanism, a set of evaluation index system than more complete Traffic Systems health is established；Method energy proposed by the present invention
Be enough the comprehensive of Traffic Systems, integrated management and regulation provide theory and technology guidance, gather around for alleviating urban transportation
Stifled phenomenon, construction wisdom traffic system etc. also have inspiration and directive function.
Wherein, " analysis is passed through with analysis of seepage flow based on urban transportation operation data described in the step 1
Variation relation between urban traffic blocking rate and traffic macro operation level, determines seepage flow critical point, and determine early warning according to this
Index ", specific practice include the following contents:
(1) construct urban transportation flow network based on traffic circulation data: urban transportation flow network consists of two parts ---
Bottom topological network and dynamic traffic operation data assign power；About bottom topological network, generally according in Traffic Systems
Each road in urban road network is defined as the company side of bottom topological network, will connect each item by road network map information
Intersection between road is defined as the node of bottom topological network, connects sides for all according to the practical connection of road network
It is connected with node, the bottom topological network of a reflection real road network topological information feature can be obtained；About dynamic
State traffic circulation data assign power, be typically based on each road in the regular period traffic circulation data (such as road driving speed,
Road traffic etc.), to each Lian Bianfu weight corresponding on the bottom topological network of building；Here it is with road driving speed
Example can calculate weight of its relative velocity size as corresponding even side according to the maximum speed limit value of a certain road, specific public
Formula are as follows:
Wherein, i indicates the starting point of present road, and j indicates the terminal of present road, rij(t) t moment present road is indicated
Relative velocity, vij(t) the actual measurement speed of t moment present road is indicated,Indicate the maximum speed limit of present road；In conjunction with above-mentioned
Bottom topological network and dynamic traffic operation data can construct a urban transportation flow network, which can
To reflect the operation conditions of current time Traffic Systems；
It in this step, can since shortage of data inevitable in data acquisition etc. can not resist the influence of factor
It can need to compensate with traffic circulation data of certain method to missing；Specific compensation method is existing in field of traffic
Well-known technique and document support that details are not described herein again；The urban transportation operation data hereinafter mentioned, unless otherwise specified
Refer to compensated data；
(2) variation relation between the congestion rate of analysis city traffic and macro operation level, and determine that its seepage flow is critical
Point: the congestion rate of urban transportation is the ratio of current time jam road quantity occupied road total quantity, the macroscopic view fortune of urban transportation
Row level can be characterized with the unimpeded subgraph of maximum of urban transportation functional network；So-called unimpeded subgraph is referred to comprising can be mutual
Mutually reach the sub-network on all unimpeded even sides and node of (connection)；Subgraph can be strong continune, be also possible to weak connectedness；
Since jam road can not achieve normal operation function, it is believed that be the company side of failure, need it from original traffic stream
Leave out in network, and unimpeded road will connect side as function and remain, thus obtained rest network is one comprising several
The urban transportation functional network of unimpeded subgraph；According to seepage theory, size (the i.e. maximum unimpeded son of the unimpeded subgraph of maximum
The number of nodes that figure includes accounts for the ratio of all number of nodes in original traffic flow network) it can be used as the S order parameter of network, generation
The whole orderly function degree of table Traffic Systems；Analyze the maximum unimpeded sub-graph size (note under different congestion rates (being denoted as f)
For G) variation；In the continuous change procedure of f, maximum unimpeded sub-graph size (is defined as the exhausted of Δ G/ Δ f when changing most significant for analysis
It is maximum to value) congestion rate f, the as critical congestion rate f of seepage flowc；
(3) determine urban traffic blocking warning index: the real-time running data based on urban transportation calculates its real-time congestion
Rate ft.Define (fc-ft) be warning index, when its be less than some threshold value (such as 0.1), then need to urban transportation carry out early stage
Early warning.
Wherein, " being based on urban transportation operation data, determining the city under given reliability requirement described in step 2
" red (congestion)-is green (unimpeded) " region of city's traffic system, analyzes them with the Evolvement of time, and determines city according to this
City's traffic congestion propagates index ", specifically include the following contents:
(1) urban transportation flow network is constructed based on traffic circulation data: with (1) in step 1；
(2) according to urban transportation reliability of operation demand, suitable the coast is clear and congestion threshold value are determined, when recording each
Section urban transportation " red-green " area information: for a certain road, if its have in a certain given time window it is super
Cross n1The time of %, relative velocity are greater than r1, then it is assumed that the road is smooth；Similarly, if a road is in certain a period of time
Between have more than n in window2The time of %, relative velocity are less than r2, then it is assumed that the road is congestion；Thus on road network
The unimpeded or jam road set for forming topological subgraph, may be constructed different unimpeded (green) or congestion (red) subgraphs, these are not
Same " red-green " subgraph constitutes " red-green " region of urban transportation.Record the letter such as position, the area in each red and green area domain
Breath；
(3) it is possible, firstly, to use the area of maximum red sector as the brittleness index of urban transportation；Secondly, analysis " red-green "
The Evolution in region determines that urban traffic blocking propagates index: based on (2) as a result, can analyze each " red-green " area
The geographical location evolution trend of domain at any time, also can analyze out " red-green " region is to expand or shrink at any time, thus
Urban transportation evolution mechanism can further be excavated；For example, calculating it in t for congestion (red) region1The central point at moment
Coordinate (x1,y1), and calculating its region overlay radius is R1；In t2Moment, corresponding regional center point coordinate are moved to (x2,
y2), region overlay radius is R2；According to above data, t can be calculated1To t2Moment, the change in location index Δ d of congestion regions
Are as follows:The area change index Δ R of congestion regions are as follows: Δ R=R2-R1；It is moved in addition, determining
It is same whether dynamic region belongs to, and can also have with two region of adjacent time interval is more than a certain proportion of duplicate node or road
To judge.
Wherein, " being based on urban transportation operation data, drawing Traffic Systems macro operation described in step 3
Null subgraph size and the operation level versus time curve of each road when level, urban congestion, and city is determined according to this
Elastic index of the traffic system in different scale ", particular content includes:
(1) urban transportation flow network is constructed based on traffic circulation data: with (1) in step 1；
(2) draw the operation level versus time curve under traffic system different scale: in macro-scale, city is handed over
Way system macro operation level can characterize (same to step 1) by the unimpeded sub-graph size G of maximum of urban transportation functional network；In
It sees on scale, the traffic circulation that subgraph level can be analyzed with maximum red sector area M is horizontal (same to step 2)；Micro-scale
On, the operation level of each road can be characterized with road driving relative velocity r；Based on result above, it is bent that G-t is drawn respectively
Line, M-t curve and r-t curve；
(3) determine Traffic Systems in the elastic index of different scale: the urban transportation obtained based on (2) is in different rulers
Degree under operation level curve --- G-t curve, M-t curve and r-t curve can further calculate the jerk-finger of different scale
Mark；For example, for the elasticity of macro-scale, parameterFor the elasticity of medium measure, calculate
IndexFor the elasticity of micro-scale, parameterWherein choose each ruler
The recovery time of system operation level is as integrating range on degree, and TRestore=t2-t1+1。
(3) advantages of the present invention and effect
Compared with current existing Traffic Systems health evaluating index, a kind of Traffic Systems proposed by the present invention
The evaluation index system of health has the advantages that firstly, index proposed by the present invention can not only be from each stage, each scale
Reflect traffic circulation state, and this heartbeat failure mode of the temporal-spatial evolution propagation characteristic of traffic congestion can also be analysed in depth；
Secondly, items urban transportation health evaluating index proposed by the present invention does not depend on prolonged traffic circulation data information, only
Accurate evaluation result can be obtained in the traffic circulation data and urban road network topology information for needing short-term；
Again, it is based on seepage theory, phase transformation theory and elastic theory, urban transportation health evaluating index proposed by the present invention can be deep enough
The formation mechenism of urban traffic blocking is excavated, urban transportation health assessment foundation can be used as, also can be to instruct urban transportation
The prediction and regulation of health status provide theoretical foundation；Finally, these evaluation indexes are capable of forming a set of synthesis, complete city
The evaluation index system of city's traffic health is related to the city of the life cycle management of complete congestion " generation-evolution-recovery "
Traffic health monitoring and evaluation.Method proposed by the present invention can be the comprehensive of Traffic Systems, integrated management and regulation
Theory and technology guidance is provided, is also had for alleviation urban traffic jam, construction wisdom traffic system etc. and is inspired and refer to
Lead effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the invention.
Fig. 2 is that f is determined from G-f flow eventcSchematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that congestion regions area (radius) changes with time trend schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is to obtain the schematic diagram of macroscopical elastic index from G-t curve.
Serial number, symbol, code name are described as follows in figure:
Fig. 2:
G: the size of the unimpeded subgraph of maximum of Traffic Systems.The number of nodes that maximum unimpeded subgraph includes accounts for original friendship
The ratio of all number of nodes in through-flow network.
F: the congestion rate of Traffic Systems.That is the ratio of current time jam road quantity occupied road total quantity.
Δ G: G and the (difference of the G at the place f- Δ f) corresponding to some f.
Δ f: the controling parameter precision in flow event.Δ f=0.01 herein.
fc: the critical congestion rate of seepage flow.That is f corresponding to the maximum absolute value of Δ G/ Δ f.
Fig. 3:
R: the covering radius in Traffic Systems congestion (red) region.Unit km.
Fig. 4:
G: the size of the unimpeded subgraph of maximum of Traffic Systems.The number of nodes that maximum unimpeded subgraph includes accounts for original friendship
The ratio of all number of nodes in through-flow network.
RMacroscopic view: macroscopical elastic index of Traffic Systems.The size that its value is equal to dash area in figure (takes negative
Value).
Specific embodiment:
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution clearer, below in conjunction with the method flow of attached drawing 1
A specific implementation case is described in detail in figure.
The present invention a kind of the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of urban transportation, as shown in Figure 1, specifically including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: being based on urban transportation operation data, with analysis of seepage flow, by analysis city traffic congestion rate and
Variation relation between traffic macro operation level, determines seepage flow critical point, and determine warning index according to this；
(1) present invention establishes its urban transportation flow network based on traffic circulation data by taking the A of certain city as an example.It includes even
Number of edges amount is about 20000, number of nodes is about 11000.With the moon in city year, some workaday traffic circulation data is
Basis, the present invention confirm the maximum speed limit value in the section according to the runlevel of different roads, then calculate each road according to formula
Relative velocity, acquired results as it is corresponding even side the moment weight.Each moment can be constructed through the above steps
Urban transportation flow network, reflect the operation conditions of current time urban transportation.
(2) for the urban transportation flow network at each moment, all sides are sorted from small to large according to weight.Congestion is set
The initial value and final value of rate f is respectively 0 and 1, is continuously increased f value, each changes delta f (taking Δ f=0.01 here).According to sequence
All lesser f ratio roads of relative velocity in urban transportation flow network are deleted, retains the biggish even side of other speed, obtains
Rest network is one and represents the functional network that urban transportation plays actual shipment function.With depth-first search or breadth-first
Search scheduling algorithm traverses this urban transportation functional network.Record the every a pair of maximum unimpeded sub-graph size G of this process and congestion
The value of rate f.In the continuous change procedure of f, maximum unimpeded sub-graph size (is defined as the exhausted of Δ G/ Δ f when changing most significant for analysis
It is maximum to value) congestion rate f, the as critical congestion rate f of seepage flowc, as shown in Figure 2.
(3) reliability requirement and real-time running data based on urban transportation calculate its real-time congestion rate ft, also
It is the road ratio that current time speed is less than some threshold value.Define (fc-ft) it is warning index, when it is less than some threshold value (example
As 0.1), then needed to carry out early warning to urban transportation.
Step 2: being based on urban transportation operation data, determines the " red of the Traffic Systems under given reliability requirement
(congestion)-is green (unimpeded) " region, them are analyzed with the Evolvement of time, and determine that urban traffic blocking propagation refers to according to this
Mark；
(1) with (1) in step 1.
(2) reliability requirement based on the daily traffic circulation in the city A, on the basis of the time window of every 10min, for a certain
Road, if its time for having more than 50% (i.e. 5min) in 10min, relative velocity is greater than 0.6, then it is assumed that the road
Road is smooth；On the other hand, which has more than the time of 50% (i.e. 5min) in 10min, and relative velocity is less than
0.3, then it is assumed that the road is congestion.Thus the unimpeded or jam road set that topological subgraph is formed on road network, can be with structure
At different unimpeded (green) or congestion (red) subgraphs, these different " red-green " subgraphs constitute " red-green " of urban transportation
Region.Record the information such as position, the area in each red and green area domain.
(3) it is possible, firstly, to use the area of maximum red sector as the brittleness index of urban transportation；Secondly, analysis " red-green "
The Evolution in region determines that urban traffic blocking propagates index: for red sector, calculating it in t1The coordinate of the central point at moment
(x1,y1), and calculating its region overlay radius is R1；In t2Moment, corresponding regional center point coordinate are moved to (x2,y2),
Region overlay radius is R2.According to above data, t can be calculated1To t2Moment, the change in location index Δ d of congestion regions are as follows:The area change index Δ R of congestion regions are as follows: Δ R=R2-R1.In addition, determining movement
Region whether belong to it is same, can also have with two region of adjacent moment more than a certain proportion of duplicate node or road come
Judgement.For example, congestion regions area change index is as shown in Figure 3 in the variation schematic diagram of certain day morning sessions.
Step 3: being based on urban transportation operation data, draws Traffic Systems macro operation level, urban congestion space-time
The operation level versus time curve of subgraph size and each road, and determine Traffic Systems in different scale according to this
Elastic index；
(1) with (1) in step 1.
(2) reliability requirement based on the daily traffic circulation in the city A sets urban congestion rate in f=0.25, draws traffic
Operation level versus time curve under system different scale: in macro-scale, Traffic Systems macro operation is horizontal
It can be characterized by the unimpeded sub-graph size G of maximum of urban transportation functional network；On medium measure, maximum red sector area can be used
M is horizontal come the traffic circulation for analyzing subgraph level；On micro-scale, the operation level of each road can be relatively fast with road driving
R is spent to characterize.Based on result above, G-t curve, M-t curve and r-t curve are drawn respectively.
(3) operation level curve --- G-t curve, M-t curve of the urban transportation obtained based on (2) under different scale
With r-t curve, the elastic index of different scale is calculated.For the elasticity of macro-scale, parameterFor the elasticity of medium measure, parameterFor the bullet of micro-scale
Property, parameter The recovery time of system operation level on each scale is wherein chosen as integral
Section, and TRestore=t2-t1+1.For example, the macro-scale elastic index schematic diagram of certain day certain period is as shown in figure 4, from figure
It can see " elastic triangle " region (dash area).
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
The above, part specific embodiment only of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, appoints
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, should all cover by what those skilled in the art
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation, it is characterised in that: comprising the following steps:
Step 1: analysis city traffic congestion rate and traffic are passed through with analysis of seepage flow based on urban transportation operation data
Variation relation between macro operation level, determines seepage flow critical point, and determines warning index according to this；
Step 2: being based on urban transportation operation data, determines the " red (to gather around of the Traffic Systems under given reliability requirement
It is stifled)-green (unimpeded) " region, them are analyzed with the Evolvement of time, and determine that urban traffic blocking propagates index according to this；
Step 3: being based on urban transportation operation data, null subgraph when drawing horizontal Traffic Systems macro operation, urban congestion
The operation level versus time curve of size and each road, and determine Traffic Systems in the bullet of different scale according to this
Property index.
2. the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It " is gathered around with analysis of seepage flow by analysis city traffic based on urban transportation operation data described in the step 1
Variation relation between stifled rate and traffic macro operation level, determines seepage flow critical point, and determine warning index according to this ", tool
Body way includes the following contents:
(1) construct urban transportation flow network based on traffic circulation data: urban transportation flow network consists of two parts --- bottom
Topological network and dynamic traffic operation data assign power；About bottom topological network, generally according to the road in Traffic Systems
Each road in urban road network is defined as the company side of bottom topological network, will connect each road by network map information
Between intersection be defined as the node of bottom topological network, according to the practical connection of road network by all even sides and sections
Point connects, and can obtain the bottom topological network of a reflection real road network topological information feature；It is handed over about dynamic
Logical operation data assigns power, is typically based on the traffic circulation data of each road in a predetermined period, such as: road driving speed and road
Road car flow, to each Lian Bianfu weight corresponding on the bottom topological network of building；Here by taking road driving speed as an example, according to
Weight of its relative velocity size as corresponding even side, specific formula are calculated according to the maximum speed limit value of a road are as follows:
Wherein, i indicates the starting point of present road, and j indicates the terminal of present road, rij(t) the opposite of t moment present road is indicated
Speed, vij(t) the actual measurement speed of t moment present road is indicated,Indicate the maximum speed limit of present road；In conjunction with above-mentioned bottom
Topological network and dynamic traffic operation data can construct a urban transportation flow network, which can reflect
The operation conditions of current time Traffic Systems；
In this step, due to all influences that can not resist factor of shortage of data inevitable in data acquisition, Ke Nengxu
It to be compensated with traffic circulation data of the scheduled method to missing；Hereinafter mentioned urban transportation operation number
According to referring both to compensated data unless otherwise specified；
(2) variation relation between the congestion rate of analysis city traffic and macro operation level, and determine its seepage flow critical point: city
The congestion rate of city's traffic is the ratio of current time jam road quantity occupied road total quantity, and the macro operation of urban transportation is horizontal
It can be characterized with the unimpeded subgraph of maximum of urban transportation functional network；So-called unimpeded subgraph refers to connecting comprising that can reach mutually
The sub-network on logical all unimpeded even sides and node；Subgraph is strong continune, also can be weak connectedness；Since jam road cannot
It realizes normal operation function, can be considered the company side of failure, need to leave out it from original traffic flow network, and unimpeded road
Road will connect side as function and remain, and thus obtained rest network is the urban transportation function comprising several unimpeded subgraphs
It can network；According to seepage theory, the size of the unimpeded subgraph of maximum, i.e., the number of nodes that maximum unimpeded subgraph includes accounts for original
The ratio of all number of nodes can represent the whole orderly of Traffic Systems as the S order parameter of network in beginning traffic flow network
Operation degree；Different congestion rates are analyzed, the unimpeded sub-graph size of maximum being denoted as under f is denoted as G variation；Analysis constantly changed in f
Cheng Zhong is defined as the congestion rate f of the maximum absolute value of Δ G/ Δ f, as seepage flow when maximum unimpeded sub-graph size changes most significant
Critical congestion rate fc；
(3) determine urban traffic blocking warning index: the real-time running data based on urban transportation calculates its real-time congestion rate ft；
Define (fc-ft) it is warning index, when its less than one threshold value, such as 0.1, then need to carry out early warning to urban transportation.
3. the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
" being based on urban transportation operation data, determining the urban transportation system under given reliability requirement described in step 2
" red (congestion)-is green (unimpeded) " region of system, analyzes them with the Evolvement of time, and determines that urban transportation is gathered around according to this
It is stifled to propagate index ", specifically include the following contents:
(1) urban transportation flow network is constructed based on traffic circulation data: with (1) in step 1；
(2) according to urban transportation reliability of operation demand, suitable the coast is clear and congestion threshold value is determined, day part is recorded
" red-green " area information of urban transportation: for a road, if it has more than n in a given time window1%'s
Time, relative velocity are greater than r1, then it is assumed that the road is smooth；Similarly, if a road is in a time window
Have more than n2The time of %, relative velocity are less than r2, then it is assumed that the road is congestion；Thus topology is formed on road network
The unimpeded or jam road set of subgraph can constitute different red (congestion) and green (unimpeded) subgraph, these are different " red-
It is green " subgraph constitutes " red-green " region of urban transportation；Record position and all information of area in each red and green area domain；
(3) firstly, the area of maximum red sector can be used as the brittleness index of urban transportation；Secondly, analysis " red-green " region
Evolution determines that urban traffic blocking propagates index: based on (2) as a result, can analyze that each " red-green " region is at any time
Geographical location evolution trend, can also analyze " red-green " region be at any time expand or shrink, thus, it is possible to further dig
Dig urban transportation evolution mechanism；For example, calculating it in t for congestion, that is, red area1Coordinate (the x of the central point at moment1,y1),
And calculating its region overlay radius is R1；In t2Moment, corresponding regional center point coordinate are moved to (x2,y2), region overlay
Radius is R2；According to above data, t can be calculated1To t2Moment, the change in location index Δ d of congestion regions are as follows:The area change index Δ R of congestion regions are as follows: Δ R=R2-R1；In addition, determining movement
Region whether belong to it is same, moreover it is possible to two region of adjacent time interval have more than a predetermined ratio duplicate node and road come
Judgement.
4. the health indicator system and appraisal procedure of a kind of urban transportation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
" being based on urban transportation operation data, drawing Traffic Systems macro operation level, city described in step 3
Null subgraph size and the operation level versus time curve of each road when congestion, and determine that Traffic Systems exist according to this
The elastic index of different scale ", particular content include:
(1) urban transportation flow network is constructed based on traffic circulation data: with (1) in step 1；
(2) the operation level versus time curve under traffic system different scale is drawn: in macro-scale, urban transportation system
System macro operation level can be characterized by the unimpeded sub-graph size G of maximum of urban transportation functional network, same to step 1；Medium measure
On, the traffic circulation that subgraph level can be analyzed with maximum red sector area M is horizontal, same to step 2；On micro-scale, each road
Operation level can be characterized with road driving relative velocity r；Based on result above, draw respectively G-t curve, M-t curve and
R-t curve；
(3) determine Traffic Systems in the elastic index of different scale: the urban transportation obtained based on (2) is under different scale
Operation level curve --- G-t curve, M-t curve and r-t curve can further calculate the elastic index of different scale；Example
Such as, for the elasticity of macro-scale, parameterFor the elasticity of medium measure, parameterFor the elasticity of micro-scale, parameter It wherein chooses on each scale
The recovery time of system operation level is as integrating range, and TRestore=t2-t1+1。
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