CN110221496B - Display device - Google Patents
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- CN110221496B CN110221496B CN201910407922.7A CN201910407922A CN110221496B CN 110221496 B CN110221496 B CN 110221496B CN 201910407922 A CN201910407922 A CN 201910407922A CN 110221496 B CN110221496 B CN 110221496B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13476—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer assumes a scattering state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a display device, which comprises a first substrate and a second substrate arranged below the first substrate, wherein a common electrode is further arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, a pixel electrode and a first thin film transistor are arranged in each first pixel unit, the pixel electrode is electrically connected with a first scanning line and a data line which are close to the first thin film transistor through the first thin film transistor, a third substrate and a polymer liquid crystal layer positioned between the second substrate and the third substrate are arranged below the second substrate, the first electrode is arranged on one side of the third substrate facing the polymer liquid crystal layer, and the polymer liquid crystal layer and the area corresponding to each first pixel unit can be independently switched between a transparent state and a fog state by independently controlling an electric field in the polymer liquid crystal layer of the area corresponding to each first pixel unit. The light leakage of the display device in a dark state can be reduced, and the contrast ratio is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a display device.
Background
A Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) includes a Color Filter Substrate (CF Substrate) and a Thin Film Transistor array Substrate (TFT Substrate), and transparent electrodes are present on opposite inner sides of the substrates. A layer of Liquid Crystal molecules (LC) is sandwiched between two substrates. The liquid crystal display changes the polarization state of light by controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules through an electric field, and realizes the transmission and the blocking of a light path by a polarizing plate so as to realize the purpose of display.
On the other hand, Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) has been widely noticed and used in recent years as a Liquid Crystal shutter. The method comprises the steps of mixing low-molecular liquid crystal and a prepolymer, carrying out polymerization reaction under a certain condition to form micron-sized liquid crystal microdroplets which are uniformly dispersed in a high-molecular network, and obtaining a material with electro-optic response characteristics by utilizing the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules, wherein the material mainly works between a scattering state and a transparent state and has a certain gray scale. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal display has many advantages, such as no need of a polarizing film and an alignment layer, simple preparation process, easy preparation of a large-area flexible display and the like, and is widely applied to optical modulators, thermosensitive and pressure-sensitive devices, electric control glass, light valves, projection displays, electronic books and the like. The working principle is that under the condition of no external voltage, a regular electric field can not be formed between films, the optical axes of the liquid crystal particles are randomly oriented and present a disordered state, and the effective refractive index n0 is not matched with the refractive index np of the polymer. The incident light is strongly scattered and the film is opaque or translucent. When an external voltage is applied, the optical axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the film, i.e., in line with the direction of the electric field. The ordinary refractive index of the particles substantially matches the refractive index of the polymer, and there are no distinct interfaces, forming a substantially homogeneous medium, so that no scattering of incident light occurs and the film is transparent. Therefore, the PDLC has an optical switching characteristic when driven by an applied electric field, and the degree of transparency is improved along a certain curve pattern as the applied voltage increases.
In the existing display device, light emitted by the backlight module irradiates on the liquid crystal display panel in a whole surface manner, the transmittance of the light in each pixel is controlled by controlling the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display panel, the existing liquid crystal display panel cannot completely block the light from passing through when in a dark state, and the light emitted by the backlight module irradiates on the liquid crystal display panel in a whole surface manner, so that the phenomenon of light leakage occurs when the liquid crystal display panel is in the dark state, and the contrast of the display device is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a display device to solve the problem of contrast reduction caused by light leakage in a dark state of the display device in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display device, which comprises a first substrate and a second substrate arranged below the first substrate, wherein one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate is defined by a plurality of first scanning lines and a plurality of data lines in an insulated and crossed manner to form a plurality of first pixel units, one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate is also provided with a common electrode, each first pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode and a first thin film transistor, the pixel electrode is electrically connected with the first scanning lines and the data lines adjacent to the first thin film transistors through the first thin film transistors, a third substrate and a polymer liquid crystal layer positioned between the second substrate and the third substrate are arranged below the second substrate, one side of the third substrate facing the polymer liquid crystal layer is provided with a first electrode, and when the first pixel units normally display, the polymer liquid crystal layer in the upper and lower corresponding areas of the first pixel units is in a transparent state, when the first pixel unit is in a black state, the polymer liquid crystal layer in the upper and lower corresponding areas of the first pixel unit is in a fog state.
Further, the common electrode and the pixel electrode are located in the same layer and are both comb-shaped electrodes with slits, and the first electrode and the common electrode are used for applying the same voltage signal at any time.
Furthermore, the first electrode is a patterned structure formed by a plurality of first electrode blocks which are spaced from each other, the third substrate is defined by a plurality of second scanning lines and a plurality of first common lines which are insulated from each other and crossed to form a plurality of second pixel units on one side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer, the plurality of second pixel units respectively correspond to the plurality of first pixel units up and down, the first electrode block and the second thin film transistor are arranged in each second pixel unit, and the first electrode block is electrically connected with the second scanning lines and the first common lines which are adjacent to the second thin film transistors through the second thin film transistors.
Furthermore, the plurality of first scanning lines are aligned with the projection of the plurality of second scanning lines on the second substrate, and the plurality of data lines are aligned with the projection of the plurality of first common lines on the second substrate.
Further, the second substrate is provided with a second electrode on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer.
Further, a fourth substrate is arranged between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode is arranged on one side of the fourth substrate facing the polymer liquid crystal layer.
Furthermore, a second electrode is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the polymer liquid crystal layer, the second electrode is a patterned structure formed by a plurality of second electrode blocks which are spaced from each other, the second substrate is defined by a plurality of third scanning lines and a plurality of second common lines which are insulated from each other and crossed with each other on one side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of third pixel units, the plurality of third pixel units respectively correspond to the plurality of first pixel units up and down, the second electrode block and a third thin film transistor are arranged in each third pixel unit, and the second electrode block is electrically connected with a third scanning line and a second common line which are adjacent to the third thin film transistor through the third thin film transistor.
Furthermore, the projections of the first scanning lines and the third scanning lines on the second substrate are aligned, and the projections of the data lines and the second common lines on the second substrate are aligned.
Further, a fourth substrate is arranged between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode is arranged on one side of the fourth substrate facing the polymer liquid crystal layer.
Furthermore, a first polarizer is arranged on one side of the first substrate far away from the second substrate, a second polarizer is arranged on one side of the third substrate far away from the polymer liquid crystal layer, and the polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are perpendicular to each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the display device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged below the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate is defined by a plurality of first scanning lines and a plurality of data lines in an insulated and crossed mode to form a plurality of first pixel units, a common electrode is further arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate, a pixel electrode and a first thin film transistor are arranged in each first pixel unit, the pixel electrode is electrically connected with the first scanning lines and the data lines, close to the first thin film transistors, through the first thin film transistors, a third substrate and a polymer liquid crystal layer positioned between the second substrate and the third substrate are arranged below the second substrate, and a first electrode is arranged on one side, facing the polymer liquid crystal layer, of the third substrate. The areas of the polymer liquid crystal layer corresponding to each first pixel unit can be switched between a transparent state and a fog state respectively and independently by independently controlling the electric field in the polymer liquid crystal layer of the area corresponding to each first pixel unit. The brightness of the display device in a dark state can be reduced, namely, the light leakage can be reduced, and the contrast of the display device is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a pixel electrode according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device in operation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of the light-transmitting display device in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention in operation;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in operation;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a second electrode in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fifth display device according to an embodiment of the present invention in operation;
fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention in operation.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display device according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments is as follows:
[ example one ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a pixel electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention in an initial state, fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in operation, and fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the light transmission display device in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20 disposed below the first substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 30 disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, wherein a side of the second substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30 is defined by a plurality of first scan lines 1 and a plurality of data lines 2 intersecting with each other in an insulated manner to form a plurality of first pixel units P1, the second substrate 20 is further provided with a common electrode 21 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30, each first pixel unit P1 is provided with a pixel electrode 22 and a first thin film transistor T1, and the pixel electrode 22 is electrically connected to the first scan lines 1 and the data lines 2 adjacent to the first thin film transistor T1 through the first thin film transistor T1.
The first substrate 10 is a color filter substrate, and the second substrate 20 is a thin film transistor array substrate. A positive liquid crystal, that is, a liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy is used for the liquid crystal layer 30. The first substrate 10 is provided with a Black Matrix (BM)11 and a color resist layer 12 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30. The color resist layer 12 includes, for example, color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and pixel units of the three colors of red, green, and blue are formed correspondingly. The black matrix 11 is located between the pixel units of three colors of red, green and blue, so that adjacent pixel units are spaced apart from each other by the black matrix 11. For a more detailed description of the color filter substrate and the tft array substrate, please refer to the prior art, which is not further described herein.
Further, a third substrate 40 and a polymer liquid crystal layer 50 between the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 40 are disposed below the second substrate 20, the third substrate 40 is provided with a first electrode 41 on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50, when the first pixel unit P1 normally displays, the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in a region corresponding to the upper portion and the lower portion of the first pixel unit P1 is in a transparent state, and when the first pixel unit P1 is in a black state, the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in a region corresponding to the upper portion and the lower portion of the first pixel unit P1 is in a fog state, so that the region corresponding to each first pixel unit P1 in the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 can be individually switched between the transparent state and the fog state.
In the embodiment, the common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are located on the same layer, and the common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are both comb-shaped electrodes with slits, and the comb-shaped common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are engaged with each other as if two combs are used to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode, and the first electrode 41 and the common electrode 21 are used to apply the same dc voltage signal (for example, 0V) at any time. The pixel electrode 22 is used for applying an ac voltage signal fluctuating up and down with a dc voltage signal as a center, so that a large voltage difference (for example, 5V) is formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 and the common electrode 21, respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, when the sub-pixels in the display device need to display normally, the corresponding pixel electrode 22 applies a normal gray scale voltage to form an in-plane electric field (E1 in fig. 3) between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 21, the positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected toward a direction parallel to the electric field, at this time, the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 form a vertical electric field (E2 in fig. 3) in the region corresponding to the sub-pixel that displays normally, the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the region corresponding to the sub-pixel that displays normally is in a transparent state, so that the backlight light (light a1 and a3 in fig. 4) can pass through the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 normally, and the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the region corresponding to the sub-pixel that displays normally is in a fog state, so that the backlight light (light a2 and a4 in fig. 4) is in a scattering state through the polymer liquid crystal layer 50, and the intensity of the light entering the liquid crystal layer 30 is reduced, thereby reducing the display device in a black state, and the contrast is improved.
In this embodiment, the first substrate 10 is provided with a first polarizer 13 on a side away from the liquid crystal layer 30, the third substrate 40 is provided with a second polarizer 42 on a side away from the polymer liquid crystal layer 50, and polarization directions of the first polarizer 13 and the second polarizer 42 are perpendicular to each other. When the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30, the linearly polarized light that is not deflected may be blocked by the first polarizer 13, so that the corresponding sub-pixel is in a black state, and the linearly polarized light that is deflected may pass through the first polarizer 13, so that the corresponding sub-pixel is in a bright state.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the first substrate 10 and the third substrate 40 is 0.3mm, and in order to reduce the influence of the second substrate 20 on the electric field between the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41, the thickness of the second substrate 20 is 10um, but naturally, the thinner the second substrate 20 is, the lower the influence on the electric field between the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 is, as the manufacturing process allows. The first substrate 10, the second substrate 20, and the third substrate 40 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like. The common electrode 21, the pixel electrode 22, and the first electrode 41 may be made of a transparent conductive material such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like. The polymer liquid crystal layer 50 may be, for example, a formal polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a trans polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a polymer network liquid crystal, or a bistable cholesteric liquid crystal.
[ example two ]
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating a first electrode according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same structure and operation principle as the display device according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 and 3), except that in the present embodiment, the first electrode 41 is a patterned structure formed by a plurality of first electrode blocks 411 spaced apart from each other, the third substrate 40 is defined by a plurality of second scan lines 3 and a plurality of first common lines 4 crossing each other in an insulated manner on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 to form a plurality of second pixel units P2, the plurality of second pixel units P2 respectively correspond to the plurality of first pixel units P1 up and down, each of the second pixel units P2 is provided with the first electrode block 411 and a second thin film transistor T2, and the first electrode block 411 is electrically connected to the second scan lines 3 and the first common lines 4 adjacent to the second thin film transistors T2 through a second thin film transistor T2. Further, the first scan lines 1 are aligned with the projections of the second scan lines 3 on the second substrate 20, and the data lines 2 are aligned with the projections of the first common lines 4 on the second substrate 20.
In the present embodiment, the common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are located at different layers and are separated by the insulating layer 23, the common electrode 21 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 22 is a comb-shaped electrode having slits to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode.
Specifically, the common electrode 21 is used to apply a dc voltage signal (for example, 0V), and the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 are used to apply an ac voltage signal fluctuating up and down around the dc voltage signal, so that the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 each have a large voltage difference (for example, 5V) with respect to the common electrode 21. It is understood that the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 can apply different voltage signals, because the pixel electrode 22 and the first electrode 41 respectively form a voltage difference with the common electrode 21, and do not affect each other. When the display device normally displays, the first scanning lines 1 and the second scanning lines 3 synchronously scan, the first electrode blocks 411 corresponding to the normally displayed sub-pixels apply alternating voltage signals, so that the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the corresponding area is in a transparent state, the first electrode blocks 411 corresponding to the other black sub-pixels do not apply voltage signals, and the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the corresponding area is in a fog state, so that the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the corresponding area of a single sub-pixel is controlled, the intensity of light entering the liquid crystal layer 30 is weakened, light leakage of the display device in the black state is reduced, and the contrast is improved.
Compared with the first embodiment, the mutual influence between the deflection of the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 and the deflection of the liquid crystal layer 30 is smaller, and the display effect is better than that of the first embodiment.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third example ]
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention in operation. As shown in fig. 7, the display device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same structure and operation principle as the display device in the second embodiment (fig. 6), except that in this embodiment, the second substrate 20 is provided with the second electrode 61 on the whole surface facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50. The second electrode 61 is used for applying a dc voltage signal (e.g. 0V), and the first electrode 41 is used for applying an ac voltage signal fluctuating up and down with the dc voltage signal as the center, so that a large voltage difference (e.g. 5V) is formed between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 61, thereby controlling the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 to switch between a transparent state and a fog state.
Compared with the second embodiment, in the second embodiment, the second electrode 61 is added and controls the deflection of the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 together with the first electrode 41, so that the influence of the second substrate 20 on the electric field weakening is prevented, the electric field formed between the second electrode 61 and the first electrode 41 is stronger, the reaction of the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 is faster, and the power consumption is reduced.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ example four ]
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in operation. As shown in fig. 8, the display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same structure and operation principle as the display device according to the third embodiment (fig. 7), except that in this embodiment, a fourth substrate 60 is disposed between the second substrate 20 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 50, and a second electrode 61 is disposed on a side of the fourth substrate 60 facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50. In order to reduce the difficulty in manufacturing process, compared with the third embodiment, the fourth substrate 60 is added, the second electrode 61 is formed on the fourth substrate 60, and the second substrate 20 and the fourth substrate 60 are bonded together.
In this embodiment, a third polarizer 62 is disposed between the second substrate 20 and the fourth substrate 60, and the polarization directions of the third polarizer 62 and the second polarizer 42 are the same (i.e. the transmission axes are parallel), because the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the region corresponding to the black sub-pixel is in a fog state, and the backlight light passes through the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the fog state and is in a scattering state, a small amount of light changes the polarization direction, and the light leakage of the display device in the black state can be further reduced by disposing the third polarizer 62.
Compared with the third embodiment, in the present embodiment, the fourth substrate 60 and the third polarizer 62 are added, because the difficulty of the manufacturing process is greater on both sides of the same substrate, the fourth substrate 60 is added to reduce the manufacturing difficulty, and the third polarizer 62 reduces the light leakage of the display device in the black state to increase the contrast of the display device.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ example five ]
Fig. 9 is a schematic plan view showing a second electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, a display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same structure and operation principle as the display device according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 and 3), except that, in this embodiment, the second substrate 20 is provided with a second electrode 61 on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50, the second electrode 61 is a patterned structure formed by a plurality of second electrode blocks 611 spaced apart from each other, the second substrate 20 is defined by a plurality of third scan lines 5 and a plurality of second common lines 6 crossing each other in an insulating manner on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 to form a plurality of third pixel units P3 and a plurality of third pixel units P3 corresponding to the plurality of first pixel units P1 up and down, a second electrode block 611 and a third thin film transistor T3 are provided in each third pixel unit P3, and the second electrode block 611 is electrically connected to the third scan lines 5 and the second common lines 6 adjacent to the third thin film transistors T3 through the third thin film transistors T3. Further, the plurality of first scan lines 1 are aligned with the projection of the plurality of third scan lines 5 on the second substrate 20, and the plurality of data lines 2 are aligned with the projection of the plurality of second common lines 6 on the second substrate 20.
Specifically, a dc voltage signal (for example, 0V) is applied to the first electrode 41, and an ac voltage signal fluctuating up and down around the dc voltage signal is applied to the second electrode 61, so that a large voltage difference (for example, 5V) is present between the second electrode 61 and the first electrode 41. When the display device normally displays, the first scanning line 1 and the third scanning line 5 synchronously scan, the second electrode block 611 corresponding to the normally displayed sub-pixel applies an alternating voltage signal to make the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the corresponding area in a transparent state, and the second electrode blocks 611 corresponding to the other black sub-pixels do not apply a voltage signal to make the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the corresponding area in a fog state, so that the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the corresponding area of a single sub-pixel is controlled, light leakage of the display device in the black state is reduced, and the contrast is improved.
In the present embodiment, the common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are located at different layers and are separated by the insulating layer 23, the common electrode 21 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 22 is a comb-shaped electrode having slits to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. It is understood that the common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 can be located in the same layer, because the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 is controlled by forming a voltage difference between the second electrode 61 and the first electrode 41 in the present embodiment, and the common electrode 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are located in the same layer, which does not affect the normal operation of the display device in the present embodiment.
Compared with the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the second electrode 61 is added and controls the deflection of the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 together with the first electrode 41, so that the influence of the second substrate 20 on the electric field weakening is prevented, the electric field formed between the second electrode 61 and the first electrode 41 is stronger, the reaction of the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 is faster, and the power consumption is reduced.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ sixth example ]
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention in operation. As shown in fig. 11, the display device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same structure and operation principle as the display device according to the fifth embodiment (fig. 10), except that in this embodiment, a fourth substrate 60 is disposed between the second substrate 20 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 50, and a second electrode 61 is disposed on a side of the fourth substrate 60 facing the polymer liquid crystal layer 50. In order to reduce the difficulty in manufacturing process, compared with the third embodiment, the fourth substrate 60 is added, the second electrode 61 is formed on the fourth substrate 60, and the second substrate 20 and the fourth substrate 60 are bonded together.
In this embodiment, a third polarizer 62 is disposed between the second substrate 20 and the fourth substrate 60, and the polarization directions of the third polarizer 62 and the second polarizer 42 are the same, because the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the region corresponding to the black sub-pixel is in a fog state, and the backlight light passes through the polymer liquid crystal layer 50 in the fog state and is in a scattering state, a small amount of light changes the polarization direction, and the third polarizer 62 is disposed to further reduce light leakage of the display device in the black state.
Compared with the fifth embodiment, in the present embodiment, the fourth substrate 60 and the third polarizer 62 are added, because the difficulty of the manufacturing process is greater on both sides of the same substrate, the fourth substrate 60 is added to reduce the manufacturing difficulty, and the third polarizer 62 reduces the light leakage of the display device in the black state to increase the contrast of the display device.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fifth embodiment, and are not described herein again.
In this document, the directional terms upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, etc. are used to define the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of technical solutions. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It should also be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, are used merely for descriptive purposes and not for limiting quantity or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A display device comprises a first substrate (10), a second substrate (20) disposed below the first substrate (10), a plurality of first pixel units (P1) defined by a plurality of first scan lines (1) and a plurality of data lines (2) insulated from each other and intersecting with one another on a side of the second substrate (20) facing the first substrate (10), a common electrode (21) disposed on a side of the second substrate (20) facing the first substrate (10), a pixel electrode (22) and a first thin film transistor (T1) disposed in each first pixel unit (P1), the pixel electrode (22) electrically connected to the first scan lines (1) and the data lines (2) of the first thin film transistor (T1) through the first thin film transistor (T1), wherein a third substrate (40) and a polymer liquid crystal layer (50) disposed between the second substrate (20) and the third substrate (40) are disposed below the second substrate (20), the third substrate (40) is provided with a first electrode (41) on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50), when a normal gray scale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode (22) corresponding to the first pixel unit (P1), the first pixel unit (P1) displays normally, the polymer liquid crystal layer (50) in a region corresponding to the upper portion and the lower portion of the first pixel unit (P1) is in a transparent state, when a normal gray scale voltage is not applied to the pixel electrode (22) corresponding to the first pixel unit (P1), the first pixel unit (P1) is in a black state, and the polymer liquid crystal layer (50) in a region corresponding to the upper portion and the lower portion of the first pixel unit (P1) is in a fog state.
2. A display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the common electrode (21) is located in the same layer as the pixel electrode (22) and is a comb-shaped electrode with slits, the first electrode (41) and the common electrode (21) being arranged to apply the same voltage signal at any time.
3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode (41) is a patterned structure formed by a plurality of first electrode blocks (411) spaced apart from each other, the third substrate (40) defines a plurality of second pixel units (P2) at a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50) by intersecting and insulating a plurality of second scan lines (3) and a plurality of first common lines (4) with each other, the plurality of second pixel units (P2) respectively correspond to the plurality of first pixel units (P1) up and down, the first electrode block (411) and the second thin film transistor (T2) are disposed in each of the second pixel units (P2), and the first electrode block (411) is electrically connected to the second scan line (3) and the first common line (4) adjacent to the second thin film transistor (T2) through the second thin film transistor (T2).
4. A display device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the first plurality of scanning lines (1) is aligned with a projection of the second plurality of scanning lines (3) onto the second substrate (20), and the data lines (2) are aligned with a projection of the first plurality of common lines (4) onto the second substrate (20).
5. A display device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the second substrate (20) is provided with a second electrode (61) on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50).
6. A display device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that a fourth substrate (60) is arranged between the second substrate (20) and the polymer liquid crystal layer (50), the second electrode (61) being arranged on a side of the fourth substrate (60) facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50).
7. A display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the second substrate (20) is provided with a second electrode (61) on a side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50), the second electrode (61) is a patterned structure formed by a plurality of second electrode blocks (611) spaced from each other, the second substrate (20) is defined by a plurality of third scanning lines (5) and a plurality of second common lines (6) which are mutually insulated and crossed to form a plurality of third pixel units (P3) on one side facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50), the plurality of third pixel units (P3) respectively correspond to the plurality of first pixel units (P1) up and down, the second electrode block (611) and a third thin film transistor (T3) are arranged in each third pixel unit (P3), the second electrode block (611) is electrically connected to the third scan line (5) and the second common line (6) adjacent to the third thin film transistor (T3) through the third thin film transistor (T3).
8. A display device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the first scanning lines (1) are aligned with the projections of the third scanning lines (5) on the second substrate (20), and the data lines (2) are aligned with the projections of the second common lines (6) on the second substrate (20).
9. A display device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a fourth substrate (60) is arranged between the second substrate (20) and the polymer liquid crystal layer (50), the second electrode (61) being arranged on a side of the fourth substrate (60) facing the polymer liquid crystal layer (50).
10. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first substrate (10) is provided with a first polarizer (13) on a side remote from the second substrate (20), the third substrate (40) is provided with a second polarizer (42) on a side remote from the polymer liquid crystal layer (50), and polarization directions of the first polarizer (13) and the second polarizer (42) are perpendicular to each other.
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| CN110750009A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-04 | 厦门天马微电子有限公司 | Display device |
| CN110673416A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-10 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
| CN110850615B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-04-26 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Pixel driving circuit, liquid crystal display panel and projection display device |
| WO2021102920A1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN111399289B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-01-24 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Display screen, display device and control method of display screen |
| CN111983837A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-24 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus |
| CN112965289A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-15 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | Display module, dimming method thereof and display device |
| CN113885244A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-04 | 北海惠科光电技术有限公司 | Display module and display device |
| CN114167651B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-10-31 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel having a light shielding layer |
| WO2023216145A1 (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-16 | 北京奕斯伟计算技术股份有限公司 | Display panel and display apparatus comprising same |
| CN115728985B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-10-13 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display panel, display panel driving method and display device |
| CN116540458B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-03 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal lens module and 2D/3D switchable display device |
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| CN103293744B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2015-12-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display device |
| KR20170056558A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-05-23 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | A display device including a light control device, a method of manufacturing the light control device, and a light control device |
| US9964827B1 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-05-08 | A.U. Vista, Inc. | Light control device and display device using the same |
| CN109491126A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | A kind of display device |
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