CN110221045A - Experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement - Google Patents
Experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN110221045A CN110221045A CN201910668107.6A CN201910668107A CN110221045A CN 110221045 A CN110221045 A CN 110221045A CN 201910668107 A CN201910668107 A CN 201910668107A CN 110221045 A CN110221045 A CN 110221045A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 64
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010061307 Neck deformity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
- G01N5/025—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content for determining moisture content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering technical fields.A kind of experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement, including main support, on the main support, equipped with adjusting bracket I, adjusting bracket II, the adjusting bracket I is equipped with glass funnel, and the glass funnel is equipped with upper sealing, lower head piece, and rubber plug structure can be vented by being equipped in upper sealing part, interior bottom is equipped with porous plate, and the rubber plug structure that is vented includes truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, snorkel, rubber tube I, rubber pipe clamp I；It is connected between the lower head piece of the glass funnel and the lower port of pressure-measuring pipe by U-shaped hose, the end portion of the U-shaped hose is equipped with stream controller.Experimental provision provided by the invention, it is structurally reasonable, economical and practical, using the closure design of sand core funnel, measured range of negative pressure can be improved, greatly improve water intaking precision, can be used for accurately measuring water characteristic curve, convenient for capping and water sampling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering technical fields, especially a kind of to be used for the ultra-thin porous medium water holding of precise measurement
The experimental provision of ability.
Background technique
Water characteristic curve, also known as moisture retention curve, be capillary pressure and water content in characterization porous media, saturation degree it
Between relationship curve.Water characteristic curve is played the part of emphatically during studying unsaturation band Infiltration, evaporation and solute transfer
Want role, according to water characteristic curve can determine porous media than water capacity index so that can evaluate porous media
Coefficient of transmissibility.
In order to measure the water characteristic curve (relationship between porous media moisture content and its suction) of porous media, people
A large amount of effort have been done, several measurement methods have been invented.The conventional method of measurement water characteristic curve has sand core funnel method, depressimeter
Method, pressure membrane method, centrifuge method, etc..Wherein, pressure membrane method and centrifuge method are all used in porous media suction greater than 1Bar
Measurement range；Depressimeter method can be used for the measurement range that suction is less than 1Bar, but be primarily used for field conditions, precision
It is not high；Sand core funnel method is less than the porous media of 1Bar for experimental determination suction.Porous Jie lower for moisture holding capacity
Matter, water characteristic curve generally use sand core funnel method to measure.However, traditional sand core funnel method for measure it is ultra-thin,
The sample of suction very little is extremely difficult to due precision.
The working principle of sand core funnel measurement porous media suction is: by sealing and filling the funnel of water and arranging
Water makes to generate negative pressure in funnel, so as to cause the aqueous porous media draining in funnel；It is excluded by reading porous media
Water and corresponding funnel in negative pressure value, the moisture holding capacity of available porous media.Using this method, change funnel
Interior negative pressure value, the different waters that available porous media is discharged are bent with the water characteristic of this available porous media
Line.The suction force range of the porous media as measured by sand core funnel method is small, so, which cannot be only used for measurement and holds
The water characteristic curve of the much lower hole medium of outlet capacity (e.g., sand soil or macrovoid medium), it can also be used to measure geotextile
Water characteristic curve.
Common sand core funnel will cover bell mouth after having loaded aqueous porous media sample, seal funnel
It closes.But if covered when covering bell mouth with ground glass, when the negative pressure value in funnel is slightly bigger, glass
Air inlet is easy between plate and bell mouth at contact surface, destroys negative pressure state, so that measurement pressure limit is too small.If using rubber
Plug capping bell mouth, although sealing effect is good, the negative pressure value range of measurement increases, it is easy when stoppering rubber stopper by one
Partial air blocks in funnel, increases the pressure in funnel, can equally destroy the negative pressure state in funnel.
In addition, common sand core funnel when extracting the water sample of porous media discharge, is to fetch water from the nozzle of pressure-measuring pipe, takes
Mouth of a river position is high, in addition the surface tension effects of water, so that water flow flowing is insensitive, i.e., when water withdrawal is less, shipwreck is to flow
Out, the precision of water intaking is affected.
Summary of the invention
It, can be with the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of closure design using sand core funnel in order to solve above-mentioned problem
Measured range of negative pressure is improved, and the positive pressure for not making to measure in container increases, while using water intaking structure, can be convenient extraction
Minimal amount of water greatly improves water intaking precision, can be used for accurately measuring water characteristic curve, convenient for capping and water sampling, structure
Rationally, the economical and practical experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement.
The invention discloses a kind of experimental provisions for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement, it is characterised in that
Including main support, on the main support, it is equipped with adjusting bracket I, adjusting bracket II, the adjusting bracket I is leaked equipped with glass
Bucket, the glass funnel are equipped with upper sealing, lower head piece, and rubber plug structure can be vented by being equipped in upper sealing part, and interior bottom is equipped with porous
Plate, the rubber plug structure that is vented includes truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, snorkel, rubber tube I, rubber pipe clamp I, and the snorkel is from rubber
It is passed through in the middle part of rubber plug, connection glass funnel inside and exterior space are connected, on rubber tube I with rubber tube I on snorkel top
Equipped with rubber pipe clamp I；
The adjusting bracket II is equipped with pressure-measuring pipe, and pressure-measuring pipe outer wall is equipped with graduated scale, and the pressure-measuring pipe is equipped with upper port
With lower port, be equipped with the closed cover with micropore in upper port, the structure of the adjusting bracket II include half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II,
Articulated shaft turns round handle, clamp ring III, and half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II are interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe, and half clamp ring I is fixed with handle is turned round
Connection, and it is hinged by articulated shaft and half clamp ring II, and clamp ring III is set on main support, is passed through between half clamp ring II and clamp ring III
Connecting rod II is connected, and bar shaped shrinkage pool is equipped in the middle part of the connecting rod II, and the setting position for turning round handle is corresponding with bar shaped shrinkage pool.
Or the structure of the adjusting bracket II includes half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II, articulated shaft, turns round handle, adjustable clamp ring, institute
State half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II is interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe, half clamp ring I is fixedly connected with handle is turned round, and passes through articulated shaft and half
Clamp ring II is hinged, and adjustable clamp ring set is located on main support, and half clamp ring II is connected with adjustable clamp ring by connecting rod II, described
Bar shaped shrinkage pool is equipped in the middle part of connecting rod II, the setting position for turning round handle is corresponding with bar shaped shrinkage pool；The adjustable hairpin loop structure includes U
Type folder, adjustment gear, shaft, adjusting knob, the U-shaped folder cover on the main support, in the main support side, and are located at U
Type folder middle part is equipped with the adjustment gear, and adjustment gear is equipped with shaft, and shaft passes through the U-shaped folder of two sides, and U-shaped with two sides
Gap connection is pressed from both sides, is equipped with adjusting knob in shaft outer end;The main support clamped by the U-shaped folder is equipped with bar shaped tooth, graduated scale
Ruler, the adjustment gear are meshed with bar shaped tooth, and when shaft drives adjustment gear rotation, adjustment gear can drive adjustable clamp ring
Bar shaped tooth on main support moves up and down.
It is connected between the lower head piece of the glass funnel and the lower port of pressure-measuring pipe by U-shaped hose, the U-shaped hose
End portion is equipped with stream controller, and the structure of the stream controller out includes glass three-way pipe, rubber tube II, rubber pipe clamp
II, the glass three-way pipe two-port is connected with U-shaped hose respectively, and another port is connected with rubber tube II, the rubber
Pipe II is equipped with rubber pipe clamp II.
Preferably, the structure of the adjusting bracket I includes clamp ring I, screwing bolts, clamp ring II, connecting rod I, it is described
Clamp ring I is set on main support, and can be slided up and down, and the screwing bolts are horizontally through clamp ring I, passes through screwing bolts fixing clamp
The position of ring I and main support, the clamp ring II are set on glass funnel, are connected between clamp ring II and clamp ring I by connecting rod I
It connects.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the pressure-measuring pipe is identical as the pipe diameter of U-shaped hose, the total length of pressure-measuring pipe is greater than glass
The height of glass funnel；The lower port of the pressure-measuring pipe is connect vertically with the stream end that goes out of U-shaped hose.
Preferably, the porous plate is any one of sand core filter plate, porous pottery clay plates, even porous glass partition.
The rubber plug structure of the present invention that is vented includes truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, snorkel, rubber tube I, rubber pipe clamp I,
Wherein, rubber stopper is round table-like, and basal diameter is slightly larger than bell mouth internal diameter thereon, and bottom surface diameter is slightly less than in bell mouth
Diameter is provided with the snorkel of perforation bottom surface thereon at axle center；Snorkel upper end connects one section of rubber tube I, and rubber tube I utilizes
Rubber pipe clamp I can be achieved to open or close.The function of being vented rubber plug structure is to carry out space to glass funnel from top
It is closed.
The glass funnel is cylindric short neck glass funnel.Porous plate is arranged in bottom in glass funnel.It is described
Porous plate can be sand core filter plate, porous pottery clay plates, uniform cellular glass partition, flexibly be set according to porous media properties to be measured
It sets.
The U-shaped hose diameter is identical as glass funnel recess diameter, about 2 meters of total length, can be according to porous media to be measured
Characteristic increase and decrease.One end of the U-shaped hose is connected with glass funnel neck lower end, is the flow inlet end of U-shaped hose, described U-shaped
The other end of hose is connected with pressure-measuring pipe lower end, is the outflow port end of U-shaped hose.
It is described go out stream controller structure include glass three-way pipe, rubber tube II, rubber pipe clamp II, the two of glass three-way pipe
End is connect with U-shaped hose respectively in U-shaped hose bottom, and the other end is connect with rubber tube II, and rubber tube II utilizes rubber pipe clamp II
It can be achieved to open or close.When rubber pipe clamp II is in close state, stream controller does not go out to flow out；When change rubber pipe clamp II
Unlatching size when, can control the size of displacement.
The structure of the adjusting bracket II includes half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II, articulated shaft, turns round handle, clamp ring III, and described half presss from both sides
Ring I, half clamp ring II are interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe, and half clamp ring of clamp ring I and half II is hinged, openable or close half by turning round handle
Clamp ring I, when opening state, at this moment the clamped height of adjustable pressure-measuring pipe may be used because pressure-measuring pipe outer wall is equipped with graduated scale
To be intuitive to see the variation for adjusting height.
The upper end of vertical short glass tube is arranged in the closed cover with micropore, reduces evaporation to the shadow of experimental result
It rings.
The present invention experiment when, specific steps are as follows:
A, subjects non-woven fabrics (one kind of geotextile) is cut into circle according to funnel inner diameter size, then soaks non-woven fabrics
It ducks in drink and causes saturation for 24 hours, repeatedly weigh, calculate its average saturation moisture content；
B, glass funnel and pressure-measuring pipe are separately fixed at adjusting bracket I, in adjusting bracket II, in fixation procedure, contrast glass
The height of porous plate upper surface in funnel, adjustment pressure-measuring pipe to suitable height；
C, sealing part fills the water from glass funnel, until the liquid level in glass funnel guarantees to survey just to the upper surface of porous plate
Liquid level in pressure pipe is identical as the height of porous plate upper surface in glass funnel；Meanwhile guaranteeing lower survey, porous in porous plate
In the hole of plate, go out stream controller in equal bubble-free need to siphon away or drain by tool if there is bubble；
D, by it is light, flat by water saturated non-woven fabrics, fastly be put on the porous plate in glass funnel, guarantee in the process contact surface without
Bubble generates；
E, keep the snorkel on rubber stopper unimpeded, rubber pipe clamp I is opened；Then, rubber stopper is slowly stoppered into glass funnel
Upper sealing, stand 10min after on pressure-measuring pipe mark initial equilibrium conditions liquid level position；Then, rubber is closed with rubber pipe clamp I
Venthole on rubber plug on rubber tube I；
F, the height of pressure-measuring pipe is adjusted, making it slowly reduces certain distance and record falling head, the dehumidification measurement of porous media
Process formally starts.II water sampling of rubber pipe clamp on stream controller is opened out, and records the volume or quality of outflow, until
Liquid level in pressure-measuring pipe slowly returns at the level indicia position of initial equilibrium conditions.Pay attention to giving porous media dehumidification again
The adjustment process of balance is with enough time.
G, F-step is repeated, the liquid level falling head of pressure-measuring pipe corresponding to multiple groups porous media drying is measured and is gone out
Stream controller goes out streamflow.When the porous plate lower surface in glass funnel starts to occur bubble, because of the hole in non-woven fabrics
Water and the hydraulic connection of porous plate lower surface are destroyed, and the drying measurement of porous media terminates.
H, with the average saturation moisture content of non-woven fabrics, out streamflow calculating relative saturation degree Vi；It is high with initial balance liquid level
It spends, height after the decline of the liquid level of multiple groups drying, calculates the corresponding capillary attaction hi of non-woven fabrics different water cut, recycle
Vi=hi × A, wherein A is non-woven fabrics hole cross-sectional area, to draw the water characteristic curve of non-woven geotextile.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention:
Relative to the mode that ground glass in traditional sand core funnel method covers, the present invention proposes the rubber stopper with snorkel
Measured range of negative pressure had both can be improved in capping mode, ensured that the air not compressed in funnel when stoppering rubber stopper,
It increases positive pressure in funnel, the initial negative pressure state of aqueous porous media is protected not to be destroyed.
Relative to the mode that traditional sand core funnel method is fetched water from pressure-measuring pipe nozzle, present invention proposition is set in U-shaped hose bottom
Set out the water-supply method of stream controller, both solved due to the surface tension of water effect so that water flow flowing it is insensitive, especially exist
The problem of shipwreck from pressure-measuring pipe nozzle when water is less to flow out, improves water intaking precision, and can be according to the difference of porous media
Water-cut stage carries out flexible control to displacement, reduces the integral experiment period.
Being equipped with porous plate in experimental provision of the present invention in glass funnel can pass through for the porous media of different measurements
Various forms of porous plates are converted to realize measurement, such as sand core filter plate or porous pottery clay plates, are suitble to measurement sand soil, for example want
The water characteristic curve for measuring geotextile needs the even porous glass partition of larger hole, reduces water and passes through porous plate hole
The resistance of gap, such structure increase the application range of experimental provision of the present invention.
Measured range of negative pressure can be improved using the closure design of sand core funnel in experimental provision provided by the invention,
And do not make to measure the positive pressure in container to increase, while using stream controller water intaking structure is gone out, can be convenient and extract minimal amount of water,
Greatly improve water intaking precision, can be used for accurately measuring water characteristic curve, convenient for capping and water sampling, be it is a kind of it is structurally reasonable,
The economical and practical experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of I section view of adjusting bracket in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that adjusting bracket II is amplified in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of II section view of adjusting bracket in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of porous plate in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of closed cover in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of adjusting bracket II in Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram that main support is equipped with bar shaped tooth in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is main support side structure schematic view in Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the water characteristic curve of the different size single-layer nonwoven measured with experimental provision of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 9: 1 is main support, and 2 be lower head piece, and 3 be adjusting bracket I, and 4 be glass funnel, and 5 be upper sealing,
6 be rubber tube I, and 7 be rubber pipe clamp I, and 8 be rubber stopper, and 9 be snorkel, and 10 be cellular glass partition, and 11 be U-shaped hose, and 12 are
Glass three-way pipe, 13 be rubber tube II, and 14 be rubber pipe clamp II, and 15 be lower port, and 16 be adjusting bracket II, and 17 be pressure-measuring pipe,
18 be closed cover, and 19 be upper port, and 20 be screwing bolts, and 21 be connecting rod I, and 22 be clamp ring I, and 23 be clamp ring II, and 24 press from both sides for half
Ring I, 25 be half clamp ring II, and 26 be articulated shaft, and 27 is turn round handle, and 28 be clamp ring III, and 29 be connecting rod II, and 30 be bar shaped shrinkage pool, 31
It is micropore for hole, 32,33 be adjustable clamp ring, and 34 be U-shaped folder, and 35 be adjustment gear, and 36 be shaft, and 37 be adjusting knob, and 38 are
Bar shaped tooth, 39 be graduated scale.
Shown in Figure 10: between non-woven fabrics water suction force and the energy and quantity of the nonwoven water distribution of relative saturation degree characterization
Correlativity (water characteristic curve) is non-linear relation, and the water characteristic curve of different size non-woven fabrics is poor in the presence of regularity
It is different.When water suction force is not present in non-woven fabrics, the suction that very little occurs in outside can just be such that the water almost all in non-woven fabrics arranges
Out, at this time the energy of moisture and quantitative relation close to a horizontal line.And the curve in figure shows exist centainly when non-woven fabrics
When water suction force, verifying big from power when being discharged that external suction is than free drainage required for certain water in non-woven fabrics
The science and feasibility of the experimental provision.
From numerical value shown in Figure 10 it can be seen that the experimental provision not only can be with precise determination less than 30 cmH2O is (remote small
In the ultralow suction value of 1Bar) suction corresponding to porous media moisture holding capacity, and the 0.1 of dehydration initial stage
cmH2The variation of the corresponding non-woven fabrics moisture holding capacity of the suction variation of O can also be measured accurately, demonstrated the experimental provision and existed
Feature when measuring the water characteristic curve of the porous media of low moisture holding capacity with higher sensitivity and accuracy.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
- Fig. 6 referring to Fig.1, is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention, and one kind being used for the ultra-thin porous medium water holding of precise measurement
The experimental provision of ability, including main support 1 are equipped with adjusting bracket I 3, adjusting bracket II 16, the tune on the main support 1
It saves bracket I 3 and is equipped with glass funnel 4, the glass funnel 4 is equipped with upper sealing 5, lower head piece 2, and being equipped at upper sealing 5 can arrange
Gas rubber plug structure, interior bottom are equipped with porous plate, i.e., more glass partitions 10, the rubber plug structure that is vented includes truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper
8, snorkel 9, rubber tube I 6, rubber pipe clamp I 7, the snorkel 9 pass through in the middle part of rubber stopper 8, are connected to inside glass funnel 4
With exterior space, it is connected on 9 top of snorkel with rubber tube I 6, rubber tube I 6 is equipped with rubber pipe clamp I 7.
The adjusting bracket II 16 is equipped with pressure-measuring pipe 17, and 17 outer wall of pressure-measuring pipe is equipped with graduated scale, the pressure-measuring pipe
17 are equipped with upper port 19 and lower port 15, are equipped with the closed cover 18 with micropore, the knot of the adjusting bracket II 16 in upper port 19
Structure includes half clamp ring I 24, half clamp ring II 25, articulated shaft 26, turns round handle 27, clamp ring III 28, half clamp ring I 24, half clamp ring II 25
It is interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe 17, half clamp ring I 24 is fixedly connected with handle 27 is turned round, and is cut with scissors by articulated shaft 26 and half clamp ring II 25
It connects, clamp ring III 28 is set on main support 1, is connected between half clamp ring II 25 and clamp ring III 28 by connecting rod II 29, described
II 29 middle part of connecting rod is equipped with bar shaped shrinkage pool 30, and the setting position for turning round handle 27 is corresponding with bar shaped shrinkage pool 30；
It is connected between the lower head piece 2 of the glass funnel 4 and the lower port 15 of pressure-measuring pipe 17 by U-shaped hose 11, it is described U-shaped soft
The end portion of pipe 11 be equipped with stream controller, it is described go out stream controller structure include glass three-way pipe 12, rubber tube II 13,
Rubber pipe clamp II 14,12 two-port of glass three-way pipe are connected with U-shaped hose 11 respectively, another port and rubber tube II 13
It is connected, the rubber tube II 13 is equipped with rubber pipe clamp II 14.
The structure of the adjusting bracket I 3 includes clamp ring I 22, screwing bolts 20, clamp ring II 23, connecting rod I 21, described
Clamp ring I 22 is set on main support 1, and can be slided up and down, and the screwing bolts 20 are horizontally through clamp ring I 22, by screwing spiral shell
The position of bolt 20 clamping ring I 22 and main support 1, the clamp ring II 23 are set on glass funnel 4, clamp ring II 23 and clamp ring I
It is connected between 22 by connecting rod I 21.
The pipe diameter of the pressure-measuring pipe 17 is identical as the pipe diameter of U-shaped hose 11, and the total length of pressure-measuring pipe 17 is greater than glass
The height of funnel 4；The lower port 15 of the pressure-measuring pipe 17 is connect vertically with the stream end that goes out of U-shaped hose 11.
Because the subjects of experimental rig are non-woven fabrics, the porous plate is even porous glass partition.
The present invention experiment when, specific steps are as follows:
A, subjects non-woven fabrics (one kind of geotextile) is cut into circle according to funnel inner diameter size, then soaks non-woven fabrics
It ducks in drink and causes saturation for 24 hours, repeatedly weigh, calculate its average saturation moisture content；
B, glass funnel 4 and pressure-measuring pipe 17 are separately fixed at adjusting bracket I 3, in adjusting bracket II 16, in fixation procedure, than
According to the height of 10 upper surface of cellular glass partition in glass funnel 4, adjusts pressure-measuring pipe 17 and arrive suitable height；
C, seal 5 from glass funnel 4 from fill the water, until the liquid level in glass funnel 4 is just upper to porous glass partition 10
Surface guarantees that the liquid level in pressure-measuring pipe 17 is identical as the height of 10 upper surface of cellular glass partition in glass funnel 4；Meanwhile
Guarantee in the lower survey of cellular glass partition 10, the hole of cellular glass partition 10, go out equal bubble-free in stream controller, if there is gas
Bubble, need to be siphoned away or be drained by tool；
D, by it is light, flat by water saturated non-woven fabrics, fastly be put on the porous plate in glass funnel, guarantee in the process contact surface without
Bubble generates；
E, keep the snorkel 9 on rubber stopper 8 unimpeded, rubber pipe clamp I 7 is opened；Then, rubber stopper 8 is slowly stoppered into glass leakage
The upper sealing 5 of bucket 4 marks on pressure-measuring pipe 17 and records the liquid level positions of initial equilibrium conditions after standing 10min；Then, it uses
Rubber pipe clamp I 7 closes the venthole on rubber stopper on rubber tube I 6；
F, the height of pressure-measuring pipe 17 is adjusted, making it slowly reduces certain distance and record falling head, and the dehumidification of porous media is surveyed
Determine process formally to start.II 14 water sampling of rubber pipe clamp on stream controller is opened out, and records the volume or quality of outflow,
Until the liquid level in pressure-measuring pipe 17 slowly returns at the level indicia position of initial equilibrium conditions.Pay attention to giving porous media
The adjustment process of dehumidification rebalancing is with enough time.
G, repeat F-step, measure pressure-measuring pipe 17 corresponding to multiple groups porous media drying liquid level falling head and
The streamflow out of stream controller out.When 10 lower surface of cellular glass partition in glass funnel 4 starts to occur bubble, because of nonwoven
The hydraulic connection of 10 lower surface of pore water and cellular glass partition in cloth is destroyed, and the drying of porous media measures knot
Beam.
H, with the average saturation moisture content of non-woven fabrics, out streamflow calculating relative saturation degree Vi；It is high with initial balance liquid level
It spends, height after the decline of the liquid level of multiple groups drying, calculates the corresponding capillary attaction hi of non-woven fabrics different water cut, recycle
Vi=hi × A, wherein A is non-woven fabrics hole cross-sectional area, to draw the water characteristic curve of non-woven geotextile.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 7-Fig. 9, compared with Example 1, the present embodiment different places are:
The structure of the adjusting bracket II includes half clamp ring I 24, half clamp ring II 25, articulated shaft 26, turns round handle 27, adjustable clamp ring 33,
Half clamp ring I 24, half clamp ring II 25 are interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe 17, and half clamp ring I 24 is fixedly connected with handle 27 is turned round, and is led to
Cross articulated shaft 26 and half clamp ring II 25 be hinged, adjustable clamp ring 33 is set on main support 1, half clamp ring II 25 and adjustable clamp ring 33 it
It is connected by connecting rod II 29, II 29 middle part of connecting rod is equipped with bar shaped shrinkage pool 30, turns round setting position and the bar shaped of handle 27
Shrinkage pool 30 is corresponding；33 structure of adjustable clamp ring includes U-shaped folder 34, adjustment gear 35, shaft 36, adjusting knob 37, described U-shaped
34 sets of folder is on the main support 1, in 1 side of main support, and is located at 34 middle part of U-shaped folder, is equipped with the adjustment gear 35,
Adjustment gear 35 is equipped with shaft 36, and shaft 36 passes through the U-shaped folder 34 of two sides, and connect with 34 gap of the U-shaped folder of two sides, in shaft
36 outer ends are equipped with adjusting knob 37;The main support 1 clamped by the U-shaped folder 34 is equipped with bar shaped tooth 38, graduated scale 39, described
Adjustment gear 35 is meshed with bar shaped tooth 38, and when shaft 36 drives adjustment gear 35 to rotate, adjustment gear 35 can drive adjustable
Bar shaped tooth 38 of the clamp ring 33 on main support moves up and down.
Embodiment 3:
Compared with Example 1, the present embodiment different places are: the porous plate in glass funnel 4 is set as sand core filter plate or more
Hole pottery clay plates；Porous media as experimental subjects is sand soil.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement, it is characterised in that including main support,
On the main support, it is equipped with adjusting bracket I, adjusting bracket II, the adjusting bracket I is equipped with glass funnel, the glass leakage
Bucket is equipped with upper sealing, lower head piece, and rubber plug structure can be vented by being equipped in upper sealing part, and interior bottom is equipped with porous plate, described to be vented
Rubber plug structure includes truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, snorkel, rubber tube I, rubber pipe clamp I, and the snorkel passes through in the middle part of rubber stopper,
It is connected to glass funnel inside and exterior space, is connected on snorkel top with rubber tube I, rubber tube I is equipped with rubber pipe clamp
Ⅰ；
The adjusting bracket II is equipped with pressure-measuring pipe, and pressure-measuring pipe outer wall is equipped with graduated scale, and the pressure-measuring pipe is equipped with upper port
With lower port, be equipped with the closed cover with micropore in upper port, the structure of the adjusting bracket II include half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II,
Articulated shaft turns round handle, clamp ring III, and half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II are interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe, and half clamp ring I is fixed with handle is turned round
Connection, and it is hinged by articulated shaft and half clamp ring II, and clamp ring III is set on main support, is passed through between half clamp ring II and clamp ring III
Connecting rod II is connected, and bar shaped shrinkage pool is equipped in the middle part of the connecting rod II, and the setting position for turning round handle is corresponding with bar shaped shrinkage pool；
Or the structure of the adjusting bracket II includes half clamp ring I, half clamp ring II, articulated shaft, turns round handle, adjustable clamp ring, described half
Clamp ring I, half clamp ring II are interlocked for clamping pressure-measuring pipe, and half clamp ring I is fixedly connected with handle is turned round, and passes through articulated shaft and half clamp ring
II is hinged, and adjustable clamp ring set is located on main support, and half clamp ring II is connected with adjustable clamp ring by connecting rod II, the connection
Bar shaped shrinkage pool is equipped in the middle part of bar II, the setting position for turning round handle is corresponding with bar shaped shrinkage pool；The adjustable hairpin loop structure includes U-shaped
Folder, adjustment gear, shaft, adjusting knob, the U-shaped folder cover on the main support, in the main support side, and are located at U-shaped
Folder middle part is equipped with the adjustment gear, and adjustment gear is equipped with shaft, and shaft passes through the U-shaped folder of two sides, and the U-shaped folder with two sides
Gap connection is equipped with adjusting knob in shaft outer end;The main support clamped by the U-shaped folder is equipped with bar shaped tooth, graduated scale,
The adjustment gear is meshed with bar shaped tooth, and when shaft drives adjustment gear rotation, adjustment gear can drive adjustable clamp ring edge
Bar shaped tooth on main support moves up and down；
It is connected between the lower head piece of the glass funnel and the lower port of pressure-measuring pipe by U-shaped hose, the lower end of the U-shaped hose
Part is equipped with stream controller, and the structure of the stream controller out includes glass three-way pipe, rubber tube II, rubber pipe clamp II, institute
It states glass three-way pipe two-port to be connected with U-shaped hose respectively, another port is connected with rubber tube II, on the rubber tube II
Equipped with rubber pipe clamp II.
2. being used for the experimental provision of the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The structure of the adjusting bracket I includes clamp ring I, screwing bolts, clamp ring II, connecting rod I, and the clamp ring I is set in main support
On, and can slide up and down, the screwing bolts are horizontally through clamp ring I, pass through the position of screwing bolts clamping ring I and main support
It sets, the clamp ring II is set on glass funnel, is connected between clamp ring II and clamp ring I by connecting rod I.
3. the experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement as described in claims 1 or 2, feature
It is that the pipe diameter of the pressure-measuring pipe is identical as the pipe diameter of U-shaped hose, the total length of pressure-measuring pipe is greater than the height of glass funnel；
The lower port of the pressure-measuring pipe is connect vertically with the stream end that goes out of U-shaped hose.
4. the experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement as described in claims 1 or 2, feature
It is that the porous plate is any one of sand core filter plate, porous pottery clay plates, even porous glass partition.
5. the experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement as described in claim 3, it is characterised in that
The porous plate is any one of sand core filter plate, porous pottery clay plates, even porous glass partition.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910668107.6A CN110221045A (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement |
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| CN201910668107.6A CN110221045A (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Experimental provision for the ultra-thin porous medium moisture holding capacity of precise measurement |
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| CN2847267Y (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2006-12-13 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Film type tensometer |
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| CN2847267Y (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2006-12-13 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Film type tensometer |
| CN207675594U (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-31 | 三峡大学 | Make the capillary water lifting height measuring system of usage based on negative head |
| CN108776095A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-09 | 上海绿地环境科技股份有限公司 | The measurement device and method of a kind of sponge urban green space construction cavernous body infiltration rate |
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