CN110215739A - 一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110215739A
CN110215739A CN201910637846.9A CN201910637846A CN110215739A CN 110215739 A CN110215739 A CN 110215739A CN 201910637846 A CN201910637846 A CN 201910637846A CN 110215739 A CN110215739 A CN 110215739A
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silica gel
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赵艳艳
张丽媛
彭金咏
董佩佩
刘静
齐艳
王立恒
金越
张建斌
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Dalian Medical University
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Abstract

本发明属于分析化学领域，更具体地涉及一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法。具体步骤如下：(1)将功能单体2‑巯基烟酸与丙炔基修饰的硅胶溶于溶剂中，磁力搅拌混合均匀；(2)加入适量催化剂并在65℃温度下，恒温反应10‑70小时。反应结束以后，将产物采用砂芯漏斗抽滤，用甲醇进行冲洗。洗涤后产物干燥，即得本发明的离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料。

Description

一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于分析化学领域，具体地涉及一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法。
背景技术
糖蛋白作为一种最重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰的产物，能够影响细胞分裂、肿瘤免疫、炎症的发生以及蛋白质与蛋白质间的相互作用[1-8]。研究表明，很多疾病的发生发展都与糖基化蛋白或糖基化多肽上糖链的变化息息相关。因此，对糖蛋白和糖肽的研究不仅能够为生物学机理研究方面提供重要的信息，而且对疾病诊断标志物的发现具有极其重要的作用。然而，糖蛋白通常是低丰度蛋白[9-12]，糖链又具有微观不均一性，在质谱分析过程中，高丰度的非糖蛋白对糖蛋白的信号有抑制作用，更加阻碍了糖基化蛋白的研究[13,14]。如何从复杂的生物体系中高效全面的分离出糖蛋白，是研究的难点和关键点。
目前，凝集素亲和法[15,16,17]、肼化学法[18,19,20]、硼酸亲和法[21]、亲水作用色谱法[22-24]、氧化钛分离方法[25]等被应用于分离富集糖蛋白/糖肽。HILIC的概念最先是由Alpert在1990年提出并命名的。采用亲水作用色谱分离富集糖蛋白和糖肽是由于糖蛋白或糖肽上的糖基带有较强的亲水性，因而能够被保留在亲水固定相上。当流动相中水含量增高，会减弱糖蛋白和固定相的作用力，使糖蛋白得以洗脱[26]。另外，HILIC所使用的流动相条件对极性样品的溶解性较高，并且具有较强的质谱兼容性，因而尤其适合极性较大的糖肽糖蛋白的分离富集。亲水作用色谱的糖肽富集选择性主要取决于材料提供的亲水作用力大小，因此发展亲水性较强的新型功能化亲水富集材料具有很重要的意义。两性离子亲水色谱法(ZIC-HILIC)是一种新兴的亲水作用色谱,在两性离子亲水固定相的表面一般同时存在着正电荷中心和负电荷中心，从而形成一个牢固的吸附水层[27]，增强了亲水性。同时，这两种带相反电荷基团的摩尔比例相同，净电荷几乎为零，不易产生自发聚合，且双电层可有效的避免硅羟基(基质)的死吸附[28]。因此，ZIC-HILIC在分离富集极性较大的物质时应用优势较为显著。
“点击化学”是由美国科学家K.Barry Sharpless[29]在2001年首次提出的一种有机合成方法，它的核心在于通过碳-杂原子键(C-X-C)的共价键来实现分子连接，因其具有高效，高转化率等特点，可应用于大规模的模块化有机合成。但常规的点击化学反应使用重金属Cu(I)作为催化剂，其具有生物毒性且易残留于产物中，可能会导致蛋白质变性，从而限制了该反应的应用。近年来，无铜催化的巯基-炔基“点击”化学反应蓬勃发展，反应原理包括自由基加成与链转移过程[30]，最终使巯基与炔基通过共价键相连，生成新的化合物。该反应[31]的优点是操作简单、对各种溶剂，温度和pH适用范围广，且所用化学试剂相对环保，不会引入重金属。然而目前没有报道采用此种方法合成离子型亲水材料的报道。
参考文献
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发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)将功能单体2-巯基烟酸与丙炔基修饰的硅胶溶于溶剂中，磁力搅拌混合均匀；
(2)加入适量催化剂并在65℃温度下，恒温反应10-70小时。反应结束以后，将产物采用砂芯漏斗抽滤，用甲醇进行冲洗。洗涤后产物干燥，即得本发明的离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，步骤1中所述的材料为丙炔基修饰的硅胶材料，为实验室自制，制备和表征方法均参照文献(Chem.Commun.,2007,2491–2493)；溶剂为甲醇。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，炔基修饰的硅胶、2-巯基烟酸与甲醇的重量比为1：0.5～5：10～500。优先重量比为1:0.7:100。
在本发明又一个实施方案中，步骤(2)中所述催化剂为2，2’-偶氮二异丁腈，2-巯基烟酸与催化剂的重量比为10：1，反应温度优选为65℃，反应时间为24小时。
具体实施方式
下面将进一步的来举例说明本发明。需要指出的是，以下说明仅仅是对本发明要求保护的技术方案的举例说明，并非对这些技术方案的任何限制。本发明的保护范围以所附权利要求书记载的内容为准。
实施例1
(1)称取2-巯基烟酸(120mg，0.77mmol)溶解于甲醇溶液(10mL)中，再加入炔基硅胶(160mg，0.38mmol)及2，2’-偶氮二异丁腈(5mg，0.02mmol)搅拌使其混合均匀。加毕，于氮气保护下，保持65℃恒温持续回流搅拌48h。
(2)反应结束后，用砂芯漏斗抽滤，并用300mL甲醇溶液洗涤材料，所得固体材料随即在60℃烘箱中干燥。既得离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料。
实施例2
将实施例1制备的离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料和分散溶液甲醇以一定比例(1:1.5，v:v)混合后超声分散5min，倒入40mL匀浆罐中，用填装机于60MPa将色谱填料装填于不锈钢管中(150mm×4.6mm)，并使用丙酮作为顶替液，顶替15min。制备出的色谱柱备用。
实施例3
以极性较强的鸟苷为分离对象，考察实施例2制备的离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的柱效。高效液相色谱条件为：进样体积2μL(标准品在50％甲醇水溶液的浓度为1mg/mL)，流速1.0mL/min，检测系统为紫外检测器，波长设定为280nm，色谱柱为实施例2所制备的离子型亲水前处理硅胶柱(150mm×4.6mm，5μm)。流动相为95％乙腈水溶液，柱温为30℃。测量峰面积和保留时间，并计算柱效。
另外，本发明还设定了以下对比例，具体如下：
对比例1：溶剂改为乙醇，其他同实施例2；
对比例2：溶剂改为丙酮，其他同实施例2；
对比例3：2-巯基烟酸、丙炔基硅胶材料与溶剂的重量比为0.5：1：100，其他同实施例2；
对比例4：2-巯基烟酸、丙炔基硅胶材料与溶剂的重量比为1：1：10，其他同实施例2；
对比例5：催化剂为醋酸铁，其他同实施例2；
对比例6：催化剂为硫酸亚铁，其他同实施例2。
实施例制备的离子型亲水前处理硅胶柱的色谱行为，具体柱效及相同亲水条件下鸟苷的保留时间详见表1，结果表明，本发明所优化的条件对鸟苷保留时间较长，柱效较高。
表1.实施例和对比例HPLC条件下色谱行为结果
实施例4
进行糖肽选择性富集实验，采用三重四级杆-飞行时间质谱(Q-TOF MS)以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的酶解混合物作为分离对象，进行糖肽选择性富集，富集条件为：称取0.5mg离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料，用200μL的80％ACN溶液配制成2.5μg/μL的材料悬浮液，取50μL材料悬浮液，向其中加入HRP与BSA以1:10摩尔比混合的酶解物混合溶液，然后加入200μL的98％ACN/1％TFA上样缓冲液，室温条件下涡旋，摇床震荡孵化0.5h后，13000r/min离心10min，弃去上清液。继续用同样的上样缓冲液对材料清洗2次，每次200μL。最后采用200μL的80％ACN/1％FA洗脱液对糖肽进行洗脱，室温下涡旋10min，13000r/min离心10min后保留上清液，冷冻干燥。用20μL的50％ACN/0.1％FA将冻干的样品溶解，随即用Q-TOF质谱进行检测。
具体结果如表2显示
表2实施例和对比例的糖肽选择性富集结果
本发明内容仅仅举例说明了要求保护的一些具体实施方案，其中一个或更多个技术方案中所记载的技术特征可以与任意的一个或多个技术方案相组合，这些经组合而得到的技术方案也在本申请保护范围内，就像这些经组合而得到的技术方案已经在本发明公开内容中具体记载一样。

Claims (5)

1.一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)氮气保护下，将2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈加入功能单体的甲醇溶液中，磁力搅拌混合均匀；
(2)在搅拌的溶液中加入丙炔基修饰的硅胶，并在65℃条件下将样品反应10-70小时；
(3)反应结束以后，将产物采用砂芯漏斗抽滤，并分别用甲醇，水，甲醇进行顺序冲洗；洗涤后产物干燥，即得本发明的离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤1中2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈与功能单体2-巯基烟酸的摩尔比为1:5～50。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中炔基修饰的硅胶、2-巯基烟酸与甲醇的重量比为1：0.5～5：10～500。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中炔基修饰的硅胶、2-巯基烟酸与甲醇的重量比为1:0.7:100。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于2-巯基烟酸与2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈的重量比为24:1，反应时间为48小时。
CN201910637846.9A 2019-07-15 2019-07-15 一种离子型亲水前处理硅胶材料的制备方法 Pending CN110215739A (zh)

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