CN110214498B - Compacting device and method for corn planter - Google Patents

Compacting device and method for corn planter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110214498B
CN110214498B CN201910680946.XA CN201910680946A CN110214498B CN 110214498 B CN110214498 B CN 110214498B CN 201910680946 A CN201910680946 A CN 201910680946A CN 110214498 B CN110214498 B CN 110214498B
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
compacting
support
controller
corn
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CN201910680946.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110214498A (en
Inventor
姜红花
张震明
潘哲
顾启军
柳平增
张传银
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201910680946.XA priority Critical patent/CN110214498B/en
Publication of CN110214498A publication Critical patent/CN110214498A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A01C5/068Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

Abstract

The application discloses a corn planter compacting device and a method, which relate to the technical field of agricultural equipment, wherein a compacting wheel is arranged on a compacting wheel bracket, the compacting wheel is movably connected with the compacting wheel bracket, and a compacting adjusting device is arranged between the compacting wheel and the compacting wheel bracket; the pressing wheel support is movably arranged on the seeder support, a controller and a soil moisture sensor are arranged on the seeder support, the soil moisture sensor is arranged on the bottom side of the seeder support, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the soil moisture sensor and the pressing adjusting device. In the corn seed sowing process, the soil moisture sensor acquires the moisture information of the soil in real time and transmits the moisture information to the controller, and the controller controls the pressing wheel to press the soil with different moisture by adopting different pressures according to the optimal moisture suitable for the growth of the corn seeds and the moisture of the current soil through the pressing adjusting device, so that the soil meets the growth requirement of the corn seeds.

Description

Compacting device and method for corn planter
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a compression device and method of a corn planter.
Background
With the development of agricultural technology, corn sowing is generally performed by a corn sowing machine, and ditching sowing by a no-tillage method is generally performed when the corn sowing machine is used for sowing. The ditching and sowing of the no-tillage method cannot ensure the fit between soil and seeds and the required tightness, and is unfavorable for the germination and growth of the seeds. Therefore, the soil compactor is used for compacting during sowing, so that gaps in soil can be reduced, and water evaporation is reduced, so that soil moisture is preserved.
But the soil moisture content in different areas may be different in the sowing process, and the sowing compacting machine in the conventional technology cannot adjust proper force compacting according to the actual moisture content of the soil, so that the soil moisture meets the requirement of corn sowing, and the germination and growth of corn seeds are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a compression device for a corn planter, comprising: the pressing wheel support is provided with a pressing wheel, the pressing wheel is movably connected with the pressing wheel support, and a pressing adjusting device is arranged between the pressing wheel and the pressing wheel support; the pressing wheel support is movably arranged on the seeder support, a controller and a soil moisture sensor are arranged on the seeder support, the soil moisture sensor is arranged on the bottom side of the seeder support, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the soil moisture sensor and the pressing adjusting device.
Adopt above-mentioned realization mode, at corn seed seeding in-process, soil moisture sensor acquires the moisture information of soil in real time to the controller is given in the transmission, and the controller is according to the best moisture that corn seed is fit for growing and the moisture of current soil through suppression adjusting device control press wheel adoption different pressures to the soil of different moisture carry out the suppression, makes the soil satisfy corn seed growth demand.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the pressing adjusting device includes a bearing plate, a hydraulic cylinder is disposed between the bearing plate and the planter support, and two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected with the planter support and one side of the bearing plate respectively. The setting of bearing plate makes the suppression adjusting device can realize bearing to the suppression wheel, sets up hydraulic cylinder between seeder support and bearing plate, realizes the adjustment of suppression wheel pressure with the flexible volume of regulation hydraulic cylinder of control electrohydraulic proportional valve aperture.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a damping spring is disposed on the bearing plate, one end of the damping spring is fixedly connected with the other side of the bearing plate, and the other end of the damping spring is fixedly disposed on a spring support, and the spring support is fixedly connected with the pressing wheel support. The damping spring plays a role in damping when controlling the pressing wheel to move up and down through the hydraulic oil cylinder.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, spring washers are disposed on two sides of the damping spring, and the two spring washers are fixedly disposed on the other side of the bearing plate and the spring support respectively. The spring washer is arranged, so that the convenience of replacement of the damping spring can be realized, and the damping spring can be quickly replaced when the damping spring needs to be replaced.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a guide rail is disposed between the bearing plate and the planter support, one end of the guide rail is fixedly disposed on one side of the bearing plate, the other end of the guide rail is movably connected with the planter support, and a limiting pin is disposed at the other end of the guide rail and is used for controlling the guide rail to be separated from the planter support. The setting of guide rail has realized being more stable when controlling the suppression wheel through hydraulic cylinder for the suppression of realization soil that the suppression wheel can be better.
With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the hydraulic cylinder includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder, and the first hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder are respectively disposed on two sides of the guide rail. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with two, and is more stable when controlling the up-and-down motion of bearing plate through hydraulic cylinder, and then control press wheel work that can be better.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a pressure sensor is disposed between the bearing plate and the spring washer, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller. The pressure sensor is arranged, so that the pressure value applied to the soil by the compacting machine can be obtained, and the optimal setting of compacting by the compacting wheel can be realized.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an angle sensor is disposed on the roller support, and the angle sensor is electrically connected with the control. The angle sensor can be used for obtaining the pressing angle of the pressing wheel, and is beneficial to controlling the gesture of the pressing wheel.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to seventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the controller includes an STM32F103ZET6 single-chip microcomputer.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a compression method of a corn planter, using the compression device of the first aspect or any one of the first aspect, the method including: the corn planter acquires soil moisture information in real time by a soil moisture sensor in the corn sowing process; the controller is according to the moisture information of soil is through suppression adjusting device control press wheel to soil suppression to make the soil after the suppression be fit for the growth of maize seed, wherein: the controller obtains the pressure value and the angle information that current suppression ware applyed soil, combines the moisture information of soil obtains the pressure value, controls suppression adjusting device realizes the suppression wheel and carries out soil suppression.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compacting device of a corn planter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a compacting adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a compression device of a corn planter provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a graph of corn seed growth pressure versus soil moisture provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a compacting method of a corn planter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
in fig. 1-5, the symbols are represented as:
the device comprises a 1-pressing wheel support, a 2-pressing wheel, a 3-bearing plate, a 4-hydraulic oil cylinder, a 5-damping spring, a 6-spring support, a 7-spring washer, an 8-seeder support, a 9-guide rail, a 10-limiting pin, an 11-controller, a 12-soil moisture sensor, a 13-pressure sensor and a 14-angle sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressing device of a corn planter provided in an embodiment of the application, see fig. 1, where the compressing device of the corn planter in an embodiment of the application includes a compressing wheel 2 support 1, a compressing wheel 2 is provided on the compressing wheel 2 support 1, the compressing wheel 2 is movably connected with the compressing wheel 2 support 1, and a compressing adjusting device is provided between the compressing wheel 2 and the compressing wheel 2 support 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the compacting adjusting device comprises a bearing plate 3, a hydraulic cylinder 4 is arranged between the bearing plate 3 and a seeder support 8, and two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 4 are respectively fixedly connected with one side of the seeder support 8 and one side of the bearing plate 3. The setting of bearing plate 3 makes the suppression adjusting device can realize bearing to the suppression wheel 2, sets up hydraulic cylinder 4 between seeder support 8 and bearing plate 3, realizes the adjustment of the pressure of suppression wheel 2 through the flexible volume of adjusting hydraulic cylinder 4 of the control electrohydraulic proportional valve aperture. The electro-hydraulic proportional valve in this embodiment is disposed on the drive device, for example, when connected to a tractor, and is disposed on a hydraulic oil line connected to the tractor.
In order to realize when controlling the up-and-down motion of the press wheel 2 through the hydraulic cylinder 4, the press wheel 2 is damped, in this embodiment, a damping spring 5 is arranged on the bearing plate 3, one end of the damping spring 5 is fixedly connected with the other side of the bearing plate 3, the other end of the damping spring 5 is fixedly arranged on a spring bracket 6, and the spring bracket 6 is fixedly connected with the support 1 of the press wheel 2. Spring washers 7 are arranged on two sides of the damping spring 5, and the two spring washers 7 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the other side of the bearing plate 3 and the spring bracket 6. The spring washer 7 can be arranged to facilitate replacement of the damping spring 5, and the damping spring 5 can be quickly replaced when the damping spring needs to be replaced. Since the damper spring 5 is deformed when used for a long period of time, it is necessary to replace the damper spring 5 with a new one.
The pressing wheel 2 support 1 is movably arranged on the seeder support 8, a guide rail 9 is arranged between the bearing plate 3 and the seeder support 8, and one end of the guide rail 9 is fixedly arranged on one side of the bearing plate 3. Referring to fig. 1, the other end of the guide rail 9 is movably connected with the seeder support 8, and a limiting pin 10 is disposed at the other end of the guide rail 9, for controlling the guide rail 9 to be separated from the seeder support 8. The setting of guide rail 9 has realized being more stable when controlling the suppression wheel 2 through hydraulic cylinder 4 for the suppression of realization soil that the suppression wheel 2 can be better.
The hydraulic cylinder 4 in this embodiment includes a first hydraulic cylinder 4 and a second hydraulic cylinder 4, where the first hydraulic cylinder 4 and the second hydraulic cylinder 4 are respectively disposed on two sides of the guide rail 9. The two hydraulic cylinders 4 are arranged, so that the bearing plate 3 is more stable when moving up and down through the hydraulic cylinders 4, and the pressing wheel 2 can be better controlled to work.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the seeder support 8 is provided with a controller 11 and a soil moisture sensor 12, the soil moisture sensor 12 is disposed at the bottom side of the seeder support 8, and the controller 11 is electrically connected with the soil moisture sensor 12 and the compacting adjusting device respectively. A pressure sensor 13 is arranged between the bearing plate 3 and the spring washer 7, and the pressure sensor 13 is electrically connected with the controller 11. The pressure sensor 13 can obtain the pressure value applied by the compacting machine to the soil, and then the optimal setting of compacting the compacting wheel 2 can be realized. An angle sensor 14 is arranged on the support 1 of the pressing wheel 2, and the angle sensor 14 is electrically connected with the control. The angle sensor 14 can know the compacting angle problem of the compacting wheel 2, which is beneficial to the attitude control of the compacting wheel 2
In the corn seed sowing process, the soil moisture sensor 12 acquires the moisture information of the soil in real time and transmits the moisture information to the controller 11, and the controller 11 controls the pressing wheel 2 to press the soil with different moisture by adopting different pressures through the pressing adjusting device according to the optimal moisture suitable for the growth of the corn seeds and the moisture of the current soil, so that the soil meets the growth requirement of the corn seeds. In this embodiment, the controller 11 is an STM32F103ZET6 single-chip microcomputer.
Specifically, the singlechip in the embodiment of the application calculates the formula y=0.501 x 3 -16.5x 2 +105x+473 determines the optimal compaction pressure. y is the pressure required to be applied by the compacting wheel 2, and x is the soil moisture value. Referring to fig. 4, a smaller force should be applied when the soil humidity is large, and a larger force should be applied when the soil humidity is small; only normal earthing is carried out when current soil humidity is suitable, and not compacting is carried out, and when current soil humidity is greater than suitable humidity, not compacting is carried out equally.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present embodiment provides a compacting device of a corn planter, in which, in the corn seed sowing process, a soil moisture sensor 12 obtains the moisture information of the soil in real time, a pressure sensor 13 obtains the pressure value applied to the soil by the compacting machine itself, an angle sensor 14 obtains the angle information of a compacting wheel 2, the above information is transmitted to a controller 11, and the controller 11 controls the compacting wheel 2 to adopt different pressures to compact the soil with different moisture according to the received sensor information and the best moisture suitable for the growth of the corn seeds, so that the soil meets the growth requirement of the corn seeds.
Corresponding to the compressing device of the corn planter provided by the embodiment, the application also provides an embodiment of a compressing method of the corn planter. Referring to fig. 5, the method includes:
s101, a soil moisture sensor acquires soil moisture information in real time in the corn sowing process of the corn planter.
The soil moisture sensor is hung below the seeder, and the moisture information of the soil is acquired in real time in the operation process of the seeder.
S102, the controller controls the pressing wheel to press the soil through the pressing adjusting device according to the moisture information of the soil.
After the moisture information of the soil is obtained, the controller calculates the formula y=0.501 x according to the internal storage of the controller 3 -16.5x 2 +105x+473 determines the optimal compaction pressure. Wherein y is the pressure required to be applied by the compacting wheel, and x is the soil moisture value. A smaller force should be applied when the soil humidity is higher and a larger force should be applied when the soil humidity is lower; only normal earthing is carried out when current soil humidity is suitable, and not compacting is carried out, and when current soil humidity is greater than suitable humidity, not compacting is carried out equally.
It is pointed out that, the controller still can acquire current press self to the pressure value and the angle information that soil applyed, combines the moisture information of soil obtains the pressure value, control press adjusting device realizes the press wheel and carries out the soil suppression to the soil after making the suppression is fit for the growth of maize seed.
When the seeder is used for seeding, the working flow of the pressing device during working is as follows:
after the seeder is started, the power is supplied to the controller and each sensor through the power supply. In the forward operation process of the seeder, the soil moisture value of the soil to be compacted is detected by the soil moisture sensor and is uploaded to the controller, and the controller receives the moisture value and then brings the moisture value into a calculation formula to calculate the compacting force value to be applied under the current soil humidity. The controller receives the numerical information transmitted by the pressure sensor and the angle sensor simultaneously and calculates the pressure value of the pressing wheel to be applied to the soil in front.
And comparing the pressure value to be applied by the roller with the pressure value to be applied, and judging whether the pressure value to be applied is proper or not.
If the pressure value to be applied is smaller, the controller sends a command to control the electrohydraulic proportional valve to work, and at the moment, the electrohydraulic proportional valve adjusts the extension of the hydraulic oil cylinder to apply larger pressure to the connected compacting wheel support, so that the compacting wheel applies larger pressure to soil when the seeder advances to the soil area detected at the previous moment, and compacting of the soil is completed. To achieve regulation of soil moisture and to grow corn seeds in suitable conditions.
If the pressure is proper, the controller does not adjust the expansion of the hydraulic cylinder, and normal compacting is performed.
If the pressure is too large, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is controlled to work, and the electro-hydraulic proportional valve adjusts the contraction of the hydraulic oil cylinder at the moment and is used for applying smaller pressure to the connected compacting wheel support, so that the compacting wheel applies smaller pressure to soil when the seeder advances to a soil area detected at the previous moment, and compacting of the soil is completed.
The same or similar parts between the various embodiments in the description of the present application are referred to each other. In particular, for the method embodiments, since the compacting device therein is substantially similar to the device embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as far as the description in the device embodiments is concerned.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and technical features not described in the present application may be implemented by or using the prior art, which are not described herein in detail; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, but the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments only, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (4)

1. A method for compacting a corn planter, comprising: the pressing wheel support is provided with a pressing wheel, the pressing wheel is movably connected with the pressing wheel support, and a pressing adjusting device is arranged between the pressing wheel and the pressing wheel support; the pressing wheel support is movably arranged on the seeder support, a controller and a soil moisture sensor are arranged on the seeder support, the soil moisture sensor is arranged on the bottom side of the seeder support, and the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the soil moisture sensor and the pressing adjusting device;
the compacting adjusting device comprises a bearing plate, a hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged between the bearing plate and the seeder support, and two ends of the hydraulic oil cylinder are fixedly connected with one side of the seeder support and one side of the bearing plate respectively;
the bearing plate is provided with a damping spring, one end of the damping spring is fixedly connected with the other side of the bearing plate, the other end of the damping spring is fixedly arranged on a spring bracket, and the spring bracket is fixedly connected with the pressing wheel bracket;
spring washers are arranged on two sides of the damping spring, and the two spring washers are respectively and fixedly arranged on the other side of the bearing plate and the spring bracket;
a pressure sensor is arranged between the bearing plate and the spring washer, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller;
an angle sensor is arranged on the pressing wheel support and is electrically connected with the controller;
the method comprises the following steps:
the corn planter acquires soil moisture information in real time by a soil moisture sensor in the corn sowing process;
in the corn seed sowing process, a soil moisture sensor acquires soil moisture information in real time and transmits the soil moisture information to a controller, and the controller is suitable for life according to corn seedsThe long optimal moisture and the current soil moisture control the pressing wheel to press the soil with different moisture by adopting different pressures through the pressing adjusting device; the controller controls the compacting wheel to compact the soil through the compacting adjusting device according to the moisture information of the soil so that the compacted soil is suitable for the growth of corn seeds, and the controller passes through a calculation formulaDetermining the optimal compacting pressure +.>Pressure to be applied for the compacting wheel, +.>Is soil moisture value, wherein: the controller obtains the pressure value and the angle information that current suppression ware applyed soil, combines the moisture information of soil obtains the pressure value, controls suppression adjusting device realizes the suppression wheel and carries out soil suppression.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a guide rail is disposed between the bearing plate and the planter support, one end of the guide rail is fixedly disposed on one side of the bearing plate, the other end of the guide rail is movably connected with the planter support, and a limit pin is disposed on the other end of the guide rail for controlling the guide rail to be separated from the planter support.
3. The method of compacting a corn planter according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic cylinders comprise a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder being disposed on both sides of the rail, respectively.
4. A method of compacting a corn drill according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the controller comprises an STM32F103ZET6 single-chip microcomputer.
CN201910680946.XA 2019-07-26 2019-07-26 Compacting device and method for corn planter Active CN110214498B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN110214498B true CN110214498B (en) 2024-04-05

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114342611A (en) * 2022-01-10 2022-04-15 江苏绿汪林牧科技有限公司 Desert greening fertilizing device and method
CN115024051B (en) * 2022-06-21 2024-03-22 连云港市农业科学院 Seeding device suitable for soybean and corn in clay land

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CN107371483A (en) * 2017-09-05 2017-11-24 山东理工大学 A kind of seeder device of depth of planting auto-control
CN107736088A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-02-27 江苏大学 A kind of with being used for finishing soil density measurement and automatic regulating system
CN108093685A (en) * 2018-02-22 2018-06-01 哈尔滨市百鑫成机械制造有限公司 Be not stained with mud seedling row land presser
CN210782024U (en) * 2019-07-26 2020-06-19 山东农业大学 Corn drill suppression device

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JPH08289615A (en) * 1995-04-20 1996-11-05 Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd Regulator for soil covering pressure of seedling planter
CN201523516U (en) * 2009-06-22 2010-07-14 吉林农业大学 Variable force seeding strip earth roller
CN201623979U (en) * 2009-11-20 2010-11-10 中国农业大学 Automatic adjusting device for ditching depth of no-tillage seeding machine
CN204014419U (en) * 2014-07-17 2014-12-17 杨彬 A kind of sower suppression mechanism
CN104778328A (en) * 2015-04-23 2015-07-15 中国农业大学 No-tillage planter soil suppression mode selecting method
CN105165186A (en) * 2015-08-11 2015-12-23 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Repressive force control apparatus for wheeled repression device
CN205408411U (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-08-03 陈灵燕 Adjustable pressure 's suppression device
CN106068820A (en) * 2016-08-22 2016-11-09 昆明理工大学 A kind of active no-tillage seeding machine
CN206196289U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-05-31 河北省农业机械化研究所有限公司 A kind of clover seed broadcaster
CN107371483A (en) * 2017-09-05 2017-11-24 山东理工大学 A kind of seeder device of depth of planting auto-control
CN107736088A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-02-27 江苏大学 A kind of with being used for finishing soil density measurement and automatic regulating system
CN108093685A (en) * 2018-02-22 2018-06-01 哈尔滨市百鑫成机械制造有限公司 Be not stained with mud seedling row land presser
CN210782024U (en) * 2019-07-26 2020-06-19 山东农业大学 Corn drill suppression device

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