CN110212579A - A kind of wind-water-fire joint robust Unit Combination method - Google Patents
A kind of wind-water-fire joint robust Unit Combination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of wind-water-fire to combine robust Unit Combination method.Uncertain first against wind power output establishes uncertain set, and the uncertainty of wind power output is portrayed in terms of wind power output forecast interval, time smoothing effect, steric crowding three.Then the mixed integer linear programming model for water power scheduling is established using linearization technique, and by this model integration into the robust Unit Combination model for considering wind-powered electricity generation scheduling, obtains wind-water-fire and combines Robust Scheduling model.Two stage Robust Optimization Model is finally solved using C&CG method.Wind-water of the invention-fire robust Unit Combination model saves operating cost compared with traditional robust Unit Combination model, reduces fired power generating unit start number and runing time, to reduce carbon emission amount, has environmental benefit；The addition of water power increases system to the digestion capability of wind-powered electricity generation；The Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved containing step power station can be solved in range at a reasonable time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dispatching automation of electric power systems technical fields, and in particular to a kind of wind-water-fire joint robust unit
Combined method.
Background technique
The target of electric power system dispatching be under the premise of guaranteeing the stability of electric system, safety and power supply quality,
Economy is improved as far as possible.Power Real-time Balancing is most important to the safety of power supply quality and Operation of Electric Systems.But by
In system loading and renewable energy power output at any time, space and change, correspondingly the start and stop state and power output of unit are also required to
It changes correspondingly.Therefore, formulating reasonable generation schedule is the important subject in electric power system dispatching.In generation schedule a few days ago
In, Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved is mainly solved, by predicting load and wind power output, makes the start and stop of unit a few days ago
State, so that remaining to only when load and wind power output change in the reasonable scope by changing unit output without change machine
Start and stop state is organized to keep realtime power to balance.The plan for start-up and shut-down of reasonable arrangement unit can be improved the operational efficiency of unit, prolong
The service life of long unit reduces energy loss, to improve the economy of operation.Therefore, Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved is ground extensively
Study carefully.It is uncertain to cope with wind power integration bring, current existing method includes stochastic programming and robust optimization two major classes.Wherein
Robust optimization has compared with stochastic programming does not need to know that probability-distribution function, calculation amount be small, model conservative is easy to control
Advantage, therefore be widely used.In Robust Scheduling, presently mainly with the uncertainty of thermoelectricity reply wind-powered electricity generation, i.e. wind-fire connection
Close scheduling.A small amount of research considers that the uncertainty of energy storage or water-storage to cope with wind-powered electricity generation is added.
In view of water power is as the second largest energy in China, have the characteristics that cleaning is renewable, adjustment speed is fast, at low cost,
Water power is brought into the consumption of wind-powered electricity generation, the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation can be successfully managed, reduces operating cost.But water power has
There is constraint various, the problems such as each variable intercouples, and there are nonlinear restrictions, this is wind-water-fire robust combined dispatching bottleneck
Place.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve one of above-mentioned technical problem at least to a certain extent or at least provide one kind useful quotient
Industry selection.For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of wind-water-fire joint robust Unit Combination method (Wind-Hydropower-
Thermal combined robust unit commitment method)。
The specific technical solution of the present invention is a kind of wind-water-fire joint robust Unit Combination method, comprising the following steps:
Step A. establishes uncertain set W for the uncertainty of wind power output, from wind power output forecast interval, time
Three smoothing effect, steric crowding aspects portray the uncertainty of wind power output；
Step B. then use linearization technique establish for water power scheduling mixed integer linear programming model, and by this
A model integration obtains two stages wind-water-fire and combines Robust Scheduling mould into the robust Unit Combination model for considering wind-powered electricity generation scheduling
Type；And two stage Robust Optimization Model is solved using C&CG method.
Further, step A includes:
Step A1: according to wind-powered electricity generation prediction data, wind power output forecast interval is obtained are as follows:
Step A2: consider time smoothing effect, i.e., the practical power output of single wind power plant each period can not simultaneously all
Reach the upper bound or lower bound, total deviation amount limited, expression are as follows:
Step A3: consider that steric crowding, each wind park can not all reach the upper bound in the power output of a certain specific time period
Or lower bound, total deviation amount is limited, expression formula are as follows:
In formula, PWwtIndicate wind power plant w in the power output of t period；For wind-powered electricity generation forecast interval bound, For wind-powered electricity generation prediction data；ΓTBudget is not known for the time, for portraying wind-powered electricity generation
The time smoothing effect of power output；ΓSBudget is not known for space, for portraying the steric crowding of wind power output.
Further, step B is specifically included:
Step B1: the basic constraint of water power scheduling is established, it is assumed that one has NHPlatform Hydropower Unit and T time section are
System.Its restricted model are as follows:
The relationship of water power day part reservoir water and generating flow:
Vk(t-1)-Vkt=-Ikt+qkt (4)
Reservoir water quantity restraint:
Generating flow constraint:
The relationship of upstream water level and reservoir water:
The relationship of the level of tail water and generating flow:
The calculation formula of head:
hkt=hukt-hdkt (9)
The relationship of Hydropower Unit generated output and head, generating flow:
pkt=9.8hkt·qkt (10)
(4), (7)-(9) substitution constraint (10) are constrained, it is tired to water power scheduling bring to solve nonlinear restriction (8) and (10)
Difficulty obtains:
Then (8) and (11) are converted into linear restriction using piecewise-linear techniques；
In formula, VktIndicate reservoir k in the water-holding quantity of t period；qktIndicate power station k in the generating flow of t period；IktTable
Show reservoir reservoir inflow；huktIndicate power station k in the upstream water level of t period；hdktIndicate power station k in the downstream water of t period
Position；hktIndicate power station k in the head of t period；pktIndicate the default N hours water power power outputs in upper layer；zitIndicate fired power generating unit start and stop
Decision variable；uitIndicate the decision variable of fired power generating unit state；pitIndicate fired power generating unit i in the power output of t period；It is pair
It should be in prediction wind power output and the fired power generating unit of load curve power output；The lower/upper limit of capacity reservoir；Hair
The lower/upper limit of the magnitude of current；AkiIndicate that upper water is the coefficient of relationship with flow；BkiIndicate the relationship of the level of tail water and generating flow
Coefficient；The time of mono- reservoir operation phase of N；T total period；siIndicate starting/shutdown cost of fired power generating unit i.ciIndicate thermoelectricity
The operating cost of unit i；diIndicate the cost of electricity-generating of fired power generating unit；
Step B2: wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination target is so that total consumption of coal cost minimization, objective function include three
: the starting coal consumption cost of fired power generating unit, the power output coal consumption cost of operation the coal consumption cost and fired power generating unit of fired power generating unit, expression
Formula are as follows:
Constraint condition includes that fired power generating unit start and stop state related constraint, reservoir operation related constraint (4)-(11), water power go out
The upper and lower bound of power, the total Water used be equal to scheduled water, fired power generating unit units limits, fired power generating unit Climing constant,
System power Constraints of Equilibrium, transmission line trend constraint；
In formula, siIndicate starting/shutdown cost coefficient of fired power generating unit；ciIndicate the booting operating cost system of fired power generating unit
Number；diIndicate thermal power unit operation cost coefficient；zitIndicate fired power generating unit starting/shutdown status variable；uitIndicate fired power generating unit
Operating status variable；Indicate fired power generating unit power output；
Step B3: generating (C&CG) method using column constraint and solved, wind-water-fire joint Robust Scheduling first stage
It is the certainty Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved predicted under wind-force scene, is checked under the uncertain set that second stage provides in step
The feasibility for the Unit Combination decision that first stage provides；The purpose of Robust Scheduling is to obtain a kind of Unit Combination decision, should be certainly
Plan can ensure security of system under all possible wind energy scene, and it is as follows to solve process:
It is uncertain:
It dispatches again:
s.t.By+Is+-Is-≤b-Cw-Ax (16)
Dualistic transformation is carried out to internal layer min:
U=u | BTu≤0,-1≤u≤0} (18)
Objective function is linearized by introducing auxiliary variable:
These supplementary variables can further be linearized by using integer algebra, by extend bilinear terms, obtain with
Lower expression formula:
When -1≤u≤0；Equation(42) can be replaced with linear inequality:
Solution linear problem (20) generates the optimal cutting plane feedback of feasible C&CG to the certainty unit group of first stage
Conjunction problem finds feasible Unit Combination scheme；In formula, x and y0For Unit Combination and unit output result；w0Indicate basic field
Wind power output under scape；C, d indicate the coefficient matrix in objective function；A, B, C are the coefficient matrix of constraint condition in primal problem,
B is the certainty moment matrix of constraint condition in primal problem；R (x) indicates the constraint condition under uncertain scene；S (x, w) is indicated not
Objective function in certainty subproblem, w indicate wind-powered electricity generation uncertain variables；s+And s-Indicate the slack variable of uncertain constraint；
Y is the unit output of second stage coping with uncertainty；The corresponding dual variable of u expression (16)；Indicate wind-powered electricity generation not
Measurement value is determined in the variable of the uncertain set up-and-down boundary of wind-powered electricity generation, subscript w indicates wind power plant serial number；For introducing
Auxiliary variable.
A kind of wind-water proposed by the present invention-fire combines robust Unit Combination method, and the example of IEEE-39 node system is surveyed
Examination demonstrates validity of the proposed model in terms of improving uncertain wind-powered electricity generation receiving system flexibility.Operating cost is saved,
Fired power generating unit start number and runing time are reduced, to reduce carbon emission amount, there is environmental benefit；The addition of water power increases
Digestion capability of the system to wind-powered electricity generation.The Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved containing step power station can be solved in range at a reasonable time.It is logical
It crosses the analysis to Correlative Influence Factors to further illustrate, makes full use of hydroelectric resources that can increase electric system reply as much as possible
It is abundance when uncertain, the economy of operation is improved, and there are ecological benefits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of wind-water of the invention-fire combines robust Unit Combination method；
Fig. 2 is that wind-water-lighter group built-up pattern solves process；
Fig. 3 is the IEEE39 node system topological structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the IEEE39 node system daily load curve and wind power output forecast interval of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the nominal scene leeward-water-lighter group of the embodiment of the present invention combines water power power curve；
Fig. 6 is level-one water power power output in the step power station Unit Combination of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is second level water power power output in the step power station Unit Combination of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of wind-water of the invention-fire joint robust Unit Combination method.
Firstly, establishing wind-powered electricity generation does not know set W, need from wind power output forecast interval, time smoothing effect, space cluster
Three aspects of effect portray the uncertainty of wind power output.
According to wind-powered electricity generation prediction data, available wind power output forecast interval is
Consider that time smoothing effect, i.e., the practical power output of single wind power plant each period can not all reach the upper bound simultaneously
Or lower bound, total deviation amount is limited, expression are as follows:
Considering steric crowding, each wind power plant can not all reach the upper bound or lower bound in the power output of a certain specific time period,
Total deviation amount is limited, expression formula are as follows:
By reasonably selecting parameter, estimating for wind-powered electricity generation forecast interval set can be compressed, by the lesser field of possibility occurrence
Scape forecloses.
In formula, PWwtIndicate wind power plant w in the power output of t period；For wind-powered electricity generation forecast interval bound, For wind-powered electricity generation prediction data；ΓTBudget is not known for the time, for portraying wind-powered electricity generation
The time smoothing effect of power output；ΓSBudget is not known for space, for portraying the steric crowding of wind power output.
Later, the mixed integer linear programming model for water power scheduling is established using linearization technique, and by this mould
Type is integrated into the robust Unit Combination model for considering wind-powered electricity generation scheduling, is obtained two stages wind-water-fire and is combined Robust Scheduling model.
Two stage Robust Optimization Model is finally solved using C&CG method.
In this step, the basic constraint for establishing water power scheduling is first had to.Assuming that one has NHPlatform Hydropower Unit and T time
The system of section.Its restricted model are as follows:
Vk(t-1)-Vkt=-Ikt+qkt (4)
hkt=hukt-hdkt (9)
pkt=9.8hkt·qkt (10)
Constraint (4) is the relationship of water power day part reservoir water and generating flow；Constraining (5) is reservoir water quantity restraint；About
Beam (6) is generating flow constraint；Constraint (7) is the relationship of upstream water level Yu reservoir water；Constraint (8) is the level of tail water and power generation
The relationship of flow；Constraint (9) gives the calculation formula of head；Constraint (10) is Hydropower Unit generated output and head, power generation
The relationship of flow.Nonlinear restriction (8) and (10) are dispatched to water power brings difficulty.Effectively to solve this problem, will constrain
(4), (7)-(7) substitute into constraint (10), obtain:
In formula, VktIndicate reservoir k in the water-holding quantity of t period；qktIndicate power station k in the generating flow of t period；IktTable
Show reservoir reservoir inflow；huktIndicate power station k in the upstream water level of t period；hdktIndicate power station k in the downstream water of t period
Position；hktIndicate power station k in the head of t period；pktIndicate the default N hours water power power outputs in upper layer；zitIndicate fired power generating unit start and stop
Decision variable；uitIndicate the decision variable of fired power generating unit state；pitIndicate fired power generating unit i in the power output of t period；It is pair
It should be in prediction wind power output and the fired power generating unit of load curve power output；The lower/upper limit of capacity reservoir；Hair
The lower/upper limit of the magnitude of current；AkiIndicate that upper water is the coefficient of relationship with flow；BkiIndicate the relationship of the level of tail water and generating flow
Coefficient；The time of mono- reservoir operation phase of N；T total period；siIndicate starting/shutdown cost of fired power generating unit i.ciIndicate thermoelectricity
The operating cost of unit i；diIndicate the cost of electricity-generating of fired power generating unit.
Then (8) and (11) are converted into linear restriction using piecewise-linear techniques.Since constraint (10) has been converted
For the sum of two univariate polynomials in (11), so its each part can be linearized by piece-wise linearization technology.
Next, the mixed integer linear programming model of water power scheduling is mutually tied with the Robust Scheduling model for considering wind-powered electricity generation
It closes, to obtain two stages wind-water-fire joint Robust Scheduling model.Wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination target is so that total coal
Cost minimization is consumed, objective function includes three: the starting coal consumption cost of fired power generating unit, the operation coal consumption cost and fire of fired power generating unit
The power output coal consumption cost of motor group, expression formula are as follows:
In formula, siIndicate starting/shutdown cost coefficient of fired power generating unit；ciIndicate the booting operating cost system of fired power generating unit
Number；diIndicate thermal power unit operation cost coefficient；zitIndicate fired power generating unit starting/shutdown status variable；uitIndicate fired power generating unit
Operating status variable；Indicate fired power generating unit power output.
Constraint condition includes:
Fired power generating unit start and stop state related constraint
Reservoir operation related constraint (4)-(11).
Fired power generating unit units limits
Fired power generating unit Climing constant
Constraint (17) gives the upper and lower bound of real-time water power power output.
It constrains (18) and guarantees that total water consumption is equal to water using planning amount.
System power Constraints of Equilibrium
Transmission line trend constraint
Robust feasible constraints
In formula,Indicate that the minimum of fired power generating unit i opens/shutdown intervals；Pi max/Pi minIndicate fired power generating unit i most
Greatly/minimum load；Indicate the maximum up/down climbing rate of fired power generating unit i；pqtIndicate load q in the active need of t period
It asks；πlIndicate that the power of route l shifts distribution factor；pktIndicate the default N hours water power power outputs in upper layer；psubktIndicate that lower layer is every
The water power power output of hour.
The first stage of wind-water-fire joint Robust Scheduling be it is related to wind-force prediction, the second stage inspection first stage is given
The feasibility of Unit Combination decision out.The purpose of Robust Scheduling is to obtain a kind of Unit Combination decision, which can be in institute
Ensure security of system under possible wind energy scene.
The feasibility of Unit Combination decision is detected, objective function are as follows:
Constraint condition are as follows:
TargetTo minimize penalty with the feasibility for ensuring ED problem, wherein wind-force uncertainty is inclined
Xiang YurangIt maximizes.Feasible corrective action (constraint condition (23)-is sought according to wind power output scene by operator
(32)).These constraints have similar meaning with constraint (4)-(20) in basic scene.pitIndicate the fire under uncertain scene
Electric unit output.Constrain the s in (23)-(32)+And s-For slack variable.Although Uncertainty PWwtIt not will have a direct impact on target
Function, but it can influence UC decision a few days ago by influencing the area of feasible solutions of Real-Time Scheduling.By introducing slack variable s+With
s-, subproblem (22)-(32) are always feasible.Therefore the optimal value of second stage is always greater than or equal to 0.In short, upper layer
Decision variable is following N hours of on/off unit decision, the power output of operating states of the units and Hydropower Unit.These are determined
It makes, and will be modified after deployment in advance.
In Real-Time Scheduling, according to the wind-power electricity generation adjustment fired power generating unit power output observed.The uncertain collection of wind-powered electricity generation prediction
Conjunction is polyhedron, and the worst wind-power electricity generation can be found in one of its extreme point, and uncertainty collection can be replaced with following formula:
In formula,Indicate wind-powered electricity generation Uncertainty value in the variable of the uncertain set up-and-down boundary of wind-powered electricity generation, subscript w
Indicate wind power plant serial number；
Solution for robust problem, the present invention using column constraint generate (Column constraint generation,
C&CG) method is solved, and the model proposed has min-max-min structure, this is the canonical form steadily and surely optimized two stages.
The present invention solves wind-water-fire robust Unit erriger combinatorial problem using C&CG method.
To simplify the explanation, the present patent application proposes the compact form of following robust problem.
It is uncertain:
It dispatches again:
s.t.By+Is+-Is-≤b-Cw-Ax (38)
Dualistic transformation is carried out to internal layer min:
U=u | BTu≤0,-1≤u≤0} (40)
Problem (40) is non-convex, because target is uTCw is bilinear function.Objective function can be assisted by introducing
Variable linearizes:
These supplementary variables can further be linearized by using integer algebra.By extending bilinear terms, we are obtained
To following formula.
For the w of any fixation, a linear mould always feasible and with finite optimal solution is presented in formula (22)-(32)
Type.When -1≤u≤0；Equation(42) can be replaced with linear inequality:
In formula, x and y0For Unit Combination and unit output result；w0Indicate the wind power output under basic scene；C, d are indicated
Coefficient matrix in objective function；A, B, C are the coefficient matrix of constraint condition in primal problem, and b is constraint condition in primal problem
Certainty moment matrix；R (x) indicates the constraint condition under uncertain scene；S (x, w) indicates the target in uncertain subproblem
Function, w indicate wind-powered electricity generation uncertain variables；s+And s-Indicate the slack variable of uncertain constraint；Y is that second stage reply is not true
Qualitative unit output；The corresponding dual variable of u expression (38)；uwVariable in representing matrix u；Indicate wind-powered electricity generation not
Measurement value is determined in the variable of the uncertain set up-and-down boundary of wind-powered electricity generation, subscript w indicates wind power plant serial number；For introducing
Auxiliary variable.
Solution linear problem (42) generates the feasible optimal cutting plane of C&CG (40) feedback to the deterministic machine of first stage
Group combinatorial problem, finds feasible Unit Combination scheme.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and understand the present invention compared with the advantages of the prior art, this
Invention is further illustrated in conjunction with specific embodiments.
The present embodiment is tested using IEEE39 node system.IEEE39 node system is by 10 generators, 39 sections
Point and 46 transmission lines composition, topological structure is as shown in figure 3, system daily load curve and wind power output forecast interval such as Fig. 4 institute
Show.
Wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination test thinking is as follows: comparing two kinds of wind-powered electricity generations first and does not know lumped parameter selection
Method, and formulate suitable uncertain set；Construct three kinds of models: 1. are free of wind-fire robust Unit Combination model of water power；2.
Containing water power but water power power output is fixed as optimal power output under nominal scene, and wind-fire-of no regulating power determines water robust Unit Combination mould
Type；3. wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination model that water power has regulating power.It is angularly compared from operating cost, calculating time
The effect of three kinds of models, and wind-water-lighter group built-up pattern is expanded into windy electric field and wind containing cascade hydropower-water-fire Shandong
Stick Unit Combination model；Finally, analyzing wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination Correlative Influence Factors.
Consider to access a wind power plant at 29 nodes, considers time smoothing effect, take ΓT=T 8, due to only one
Wind power plant does not consider steric crowding.A power station is accessed at 4 nodes.From the calculating time, totle drilling cost, fired power generating unit
Start and stop state etc. comparison wind-fire robust Unit Combination, wind-fire-determine water robust Unit Combination and wind-water-fire robust machine
The combined effect of group.Table 1 gives wind-fire Unit Combination, wind-fire-determines water Unit Combination and wind-water-fire Unit Combination meter
The comparison of evaluation time and optimization cost.
1 wind of table-fire Unit Combination, wind-fire-determine water Unit Combination and wind-water-lighter group combined effect comparison
It can be seen that, for IEEE39 node system, wind-water-fire Unit Combination calculating time is slightly higher from table 1
In wind-fire Unit Combination, but the two gap is not too much big, and since Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved is calculated a few days ago,
The requirement for calculating the time can be reduced suitably.Intuitively comparison cost can see, the Unit Combination cost under nominal scene
It is 93300 yuan when without water power, is 85120 yuan when containing fixed water power, is 84220 yuan when containing adjustable water power；Economic load dispatching cost
It is 398850.16 yuan when without water power, is 366936.61 yuan containing fixed water power, is 365273.16 yuan when containing adjustable water power；Always
Cost is 492150.16 yuan when being free of water power, is 452056.61 yuan containing fixed water power, is 449493.16 when containing adjustable water power
Member.That is, situation items cost of the comparison without water power after water power, which is added, significant decrease, while being adjusted when water power has
When ability, every cost can be further decreased.
Hydropower Unit power output situation such as table 2 in nominal scene leeward-water-fire Unit Combination, shown in Fig. 5.
The nominal scene leeward-water-lighter group of table 2 combines water power power output (MW)
It can be seen that always generating electricity water consumption giving every 6 hour water power, and each hour water power power output can be certain
In range when variation, water power can cope with the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation by adjusting the generated energy of day part.This is also demonstrated herein
The validity of the optimization of hydroelectric generation scheduling model of proposition.
Windy electric field effect analysis.
In order to study the effect of windy electric field, former wind power plant is divided into several small wind power plants access system again, and keep
Wind power plant total power generation and total uncertainty are constant.Comparing the situations of 1,3,8 wind power plants, (1 wind power plant situation wind power plant is connected to 29
At node；3 wind power plant situation wind power plants are connected at 3 nodes, 11 nodes and 29 nodes；The situation wind power plant of 6 wind power plants is connected to 3 sections
At point, 5 nodes, 8 nodes, 11 nodes, 21 nodes and 29 nodes).3 wind power plants take ΓS=2；6 wind power plants take Γ respectivelyS=3,4,
5 observation cost variations.Table 3 gives different wind-powered electricity generation number of fields leeward-fire Unit Combinations, wind-fire-determines water Unit Combination and wind-water-
The comparison of lighter group combined effect.Table 4 gives totle drilling cost comparison of 6 wind power plants in the case where different spaces do not know budget parameters.
Unit Combination Contrast on effect under the different wind-powered electricity generation number of fields of table 3
4 difference Γ of tableSLower Unit Combination Contrast on effect
| ΓS | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Totle drilling cost (member) | 447212.03 | 448280.36 | 449447.94 |
As can be seen from Table 3, wind-powered electricity generation field distribution is wider, and totle drilling cost is smaller.This is because wind-powered electricity generation field distribution is more extensive, by line
With regard to smaller, the flexibility of entire route increases for the constraint of road trend.It can be seen that, with the increase of wind-powered electricity generation number of fields, calculate simultaneously
Time is within the acceptable range.It can be more clearly seen from table 4, shadow of the steric crowding for system Unit Combination
It rings.The reasonably parameter of installation space constellation effect can reduce conservative, while obtain relatively reasonable result.Space collection
Reflection of the limit theorem in reality centered on group's effect is objective reality and has realistic meaning.The calculation of windy electric field
Example discloses steric crowding for the shadow for calculating time, economy etc. of electric system Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved a few days ago
It rings, helps more objectively to understand specific effect embodiment of the central-limit theorem in wind power plant.
Step power station effect analysis.
Single power station model is all made of in the above example.With the flourishing hair of the Hydropower Stations in the area such as China Yunnan-Guizhou
The combination of exhibition, cascade hydropower and traditional wind-fire combined dispatching will be following important research direction.To single power station wind-water-
Lighter group built-up pattern is expanded, and step power station wind-water-lighter group built-up pattern is obtained.
Model ceteris paribus is kept, angularly compares 1,2,3,4 grade of cascade hydropower from calculating time, totle drilling cost respectively
The calculated result stood, as shown in table 5.By taking 2 grades of step power stations as an example, result such as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 institute of water power power outputs at different levels is provided
Show.
5 cascade hydropower stations's Unit Combination Contrast on effect of table
| Power station number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| It calculates time (s) | 48.69 | 328.26 | 268.23 | 718.23 |
| Totle drilling cost (member) | 449493.16 | 392090.08 | 390573.69 | 284514.82 |
Cascade hydropower model after expansion can be applied to wind-water containing multistage water power-fire robust Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved and work as
In, the comprehensive flexibility for having transferred water power at different levels of obtained result increases the digestion capability of wind-powered electricity generation.Simultaneously, it can be seen that
Wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination totle drilling cost is reduced with the increase of water power series, this is because water power is cleaning energy
The raising in source, water power access degree can reduce carbon cost；The calculating time rises with the increase of the series of cascade hydropower, this is
Because Use of Hydroelectric Model related constraint is more, the efficiency of calculating is affected to a certain extent, but generally speaking, calculate the time still can
Within the scope of receiving.
The influence of water power access degree.
In order to preferably observe water power access to original wind-fire robust Unit Combination model improvement effect, to water power
Access limited (by being realized multiplied by connected factor), enable connected factor change from 0.2 to 1, observation calculate the time with always
Cost variation.Remaining parameter constant is kept, obtains that the results are shown in Table 6.
Unit Combination Contrast on effect under the different water power access degrees of table 6
It can be seen that being limited with water power access, totle drilling cost is higher and higher, and this also illustrates water power accesses to have section
The effect of energy emission reduction.In order to preferably cope with the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation, while environment is protected, makes full use of water as far as possible
Electric resources.As water power access is limited, the calculating time is declined, but calculates the time in comparable range.
In order to preferably cope with the fluctuation and randomness that wind-powered electricity generation is typical renewable energy power output, water power is introduced into
In traditional wind-fire robust Unit Combination, wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination model is obtained.Whole thinking is obtained on upper layer
To fired power generating unit combination and reservoir operation strategy, feasibility test is carried out in lower layer, and feed back in a manner of cutting plane to upper layer,
Strategy is adjusted, there is adaptivity to wind-powered electricity generation uncertainty.Water power contains more nonlinear restriction, and each related change
Complexity is coupled between amount, this is also the difficult point in wind-water-fire combined dispatching.Present invention combination actual physics process, by water
Electric nonlinear restriction separating variables decoupling, linearizes respectively, and water power is integrated into traditional wind-fire scheduling.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in above-described embodiment.It is apparent that the present invention is not limited being retouched
The embodiment stated.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also make a variety of variations accordingly, but appoint
What is equal with the present invention or similar variation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of wind-water-fire combines robust Unit Combination method, which comprises the following steps:
Step A. establishes uncertain set W for the uncertainty of wind power output, from wind power output forecast interval, time smoothing
Three effect, steric crowding aspects portray the uncertainty of wind power output；
Then step B. uses linearization technique to establish the mixed integer linear programming model for water power scheduling, and by this mould
Type is integrated into the robust Unit Combination model for considering wind-powered electricity generation scheduling, is obtained two stages wind-water-fire and is combined Robust Scheduling model；
And two stage Robust Optimization Model is solved using C&CG method.
2. a kind of wind-water-fire as described in claim 1 combines robust Unit Combination method, the step A includes:
Step A1: according to wind-powered electricity generation prediction data, wind power output forecast interval is obtained are as follows:
Step A2: consider that time smoothing effect, i.e., the practical power output of single wind power plant each period can not all reach simultaneously
The upper bound or lower bound limit total deviation amount, expression are as follows:
Step A3: consider steric crowding, each wind park a certain specific time period power output can not all reach the upper bound or under
Boundary limits total deviation amount, expression formula are as follows:
In formula, PWwtIndicate wind power plant w in the power output of t period；For wind-powered electricity generation forecast interval bound, For wind-powered electricity generation prediction data；ΓTBudget is not known for the time, for portraying wind-powered electricity generation
The time smoothing effect of power output；ΓSBudget is not known for space, for portraying the steric crowding of wind power output.
3. a kind of wind-water-fire as claimed in claim 2 combines robust Unit Combination method, which is characterized in that the step B
It specifically includes:
Step B1: the basic constraint of water power scheduling is established, it is assumed that one has NHThe system of platform Hydropower Unit and T time section, about
Beam model are as follows:
The relationship of water power day part reservoir water and generating flow:
Vk(t-1)-Vkt=-Ikt+qkt (4)
Reservoir water quantity restraint:
Generating flow constraint:
The relationship of upstream water level and reservoir water:
The relationship of the level of tail water and generating flow:
The calculation formula of head:
hkt=hukt-hdkt (9)
The relationship of Hydropower Unit generated output and head, generating flow:
pkt=9.8hkt·qkt (10)
(4), (7)-(9) substitution constraint (10) are constrained, solution nonlinear restriction (8) and (10) is difficult to water power scheduling bring,
It obtains:
Then (8) and (11) are converted into linear restriction using piecewise-linear techniques；
In formula, VktIndicate reservoir k in the water-holding quantity of t period；qktIndicate power station k in the generating flow of t period；IktIndicate water
Library reservoir inflow；huktIndicate power station k in the upstream water level of t period；hdktIndicate power station k in the level of tail water of t period；
hktIndicate power station k in the head of t period；pktIndicate the default N hours water power power outputs in upper layer；zitIndicate fired power generating unit start and stop
Decision variable；uitIndicate the decision variable of fired power generating unit state；pitIndicate fired power generating unit i in the power output of t period；It is corresponding
In prediction wind power output and the fired power generating unit of load curve power output；The lower/upper limit of capacity reservoir；Power generation
The lower/upper limit of flow；AkiIndicate that upper water is the coefficient of relationship with flow；BkiIndicate the relationship system of the level of tail water and generating flow
Number；The time of mono- reservoir operation phase of N；T total period；siIndicate starting/shutdown cost of fired power generating unit i, ciIndicate thermal motor
The operating cost of group i；diIndicate the cost of electricity-generating of fired power generating unit；
Step B2: wind-water-fire robust Unit Combination target is so that total consumption of coal cost minimization, objective function include three: fire
The starting coal consumption cost of motor group, the power output coal consumption cost of operation the coal consumption cost and fired power generating unit of fired power generating unit, expression formula are as follows:
Constraint condition includes that fired power generating unit start and stop state related constraint, reservoir operation related constraint (4)-(11), water power are contributed
Upper and lower bound, the total Water used be equal to scheduled water, fired power generating unit units limits, fired power generating unit Climing constant, system
Power-balance constraint, transmission line trend constraint；
In formula, siIndicate starting/shutdown cost coefficient of fired power generating unit；ciIndicate the booting operating cost coefficient of fired power generating unit；di
Indicate thermal power unit operation cost coefficient；zitIndicate fired power generating unit starting/shutdown status variable；uitIndicate thermal power unit operation
State variable；Indicate fired power generating unit power output；
Step B3: generating (C&CG) method using column constraint and solved, and wind-water-fire joint Robust Scheduling first stage is pre-
The certainty Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved under wind-force scene is surveyed, checks first under the uncertain set that second stage provides in step
The feasibility for the Unit Combination decision that stage provides；The purpose of Robust Scheduling is to obtain a kind of Unit Combination decision, which can
To ensure security of system under all possible wind energy scene, it is as follows to solve process:
It is uncertain:
It dispatches again:
s.t.By+Is+-Is-≤b-Cw-Ax (16)
Dualistic transformation is carried out to internal layer min:
U=u | BTu≤0,-1≤u≤0} (18)
Objective function is linearized by introducing auxiliary variable:
These supplementary variables can further be linearized by using integer algebra, by extending bilinear terms, obtain following table
Up to formula:
When -1≤u≤0；Equation(42) can be replaced with linear inequality:
The optimal cutting plane feedback of the feasible C&CG of linear problem (20) generation is solved to ask to the certainty Unit Combination of first stage
Topic, finds feasible Unit Combination scheme；In formula, x and y0For Unit Combination and unit output result；w0It indicates under basic scene
Wind power output；C, d indicate the coefficient matrix in objective function；A, B, C are the coefficient matrix of constraint condition in primal problem, and b is
The certainty moment matrix of constraint condition in primal problem；R (x) indicates the constraint condition under uncertain scene；S (x, w) indicates not true
Objective function in qualitative subproblem, w indicate wind-powered electricity generation uncertain variables；s+And s-Indicate the slack variable of uncertain constraint；y
For the unit output of second stage coping with uncertainty；The corresponding dual variable of u expression (16)；Indicate wind-powered electricity generation not
Measurement value is determined in the variable of the uncertain set up-and-down boundary of wind-powered electricity generation, subscript w indicates wind power plant serial number；For introducing
Auxiliary variable.
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