CN110211714B - Reactor pressure vessel main bolt tension loading process - Google Patents

Reactor pressure vessel main bolt tension loading process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110211714B
CN110211714B CN201910542347.1A CN201910542347A CN110211714B CN 110211714 B CN110211714 B CN 110211714B CN 201910542347 A CN201910542347 A CN 201910542347A CN 110211714 B CN110211714 B CN 110211714B
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main
tension
stretching
bolt
kingbolt
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CN110211714A (en
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郭科科
董宝泽
李涛
金飞
何行洲
申亚波
叶荣山
秦小军
秦龙
谢雄峰
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Sanmen Nuclear Power Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

A tension loading process for a main bolt of a reactor pressure vessel belongs to the technical field of nuclear power plant reactor pressure vessel maintenance. The invention comprises the following steps: step 1, numbering all main bolts in sequence according to the circumferential direction of a top cover flange, and averagely dividing the main bolts into a plurality of groups, wherein a plurality of main bolts in each group are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the top cover flange; step 2, sequentially stretching a plurality of groups of uniformly distributed main bolts by adopting 100% target load according to a group sequence; step 3, sequentially stretching all the main bolts according to the sequence by adopting a target load with a step load of 120-100%; and 4, stretching the multiple groups of main bolts which are stretched by 120% of target load in the step 3 again by 100% of target load. The invention can effectively improve the stretching efficiency when the single bolt stretcher is adopted, reduce the times of adjusting the stretching amount of the main bolt and reduce the time for overhauling the main line.

Description

Reactor pressure vessel main bolt tension loading process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant reactor pressure vessel maintenance, in particular to a reactor pressure vessel main bolt tension loading process.
Background
The pre-tightening load of the main bolt of the reactor pressure vessel of the nuclear power plant is large, the precision requirement is high, and the main bolt is stretched and loaded by adopting a hydraulic bolt stretcher in the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants at home and abroad. The tensile loading of the bolt can be divided into synchronous integral tension and staged step-by-step tension. The synchronous integral stretching is that all the main bolts are simultaneously stretched and loaded by using stretching machines with the same number as the main bolts, and the synchronous integral stretching technology of the integral bolt stretching machine is adopted for pre-stretching the main bolts of the pressure vessel of the nuclear power plant reactor. Due to the limitation of the number of the bolt stretchers and the limitation of the hoisting space of the refueling water pool, part of nuclear power stations can only adopt the staged and step-by-step stretching technology of the single bolt stretchers. The synchronous integral stretching technology of the bolt is one-step operation, and has the advantages of high speed and simple process. And the staged and step-by-step stretching technique is more complicated.
However, in actual production, there are many factors that affect the use of the integral bolt stretching machine, so that only a single bolt stretching machine can be used for the stretching operation. For example, in a certain nuclear power unit, the integral type bolt stretcher is prevented from being hoisted due to the integral type reactor top cooling fan arranged on the reactor top cover, so that only the single type bolt stretcher can be used for staged and stepped operation. Also nuclear power plants require the temporary use of a single bolt tensioner due to the failure of the integral bolt tensioner.
During the process of covering the reactor pressure vessel, three or four monomer bolt stretching machines are required to synchronously and symmetrically stretch all the main bolts, generally the main bolts are loaded to a target stretching amount step by step in two to three stages, and the main bolts which do not meet the requirement of the stretching amount are individually adjusted. Main bolt tensile loading occupies a major repair critical path, and generally needs 4-6 hours.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a reactor pressure vessel main bolt stretching and loading process which can effectively improve the stretching efficiency when a single bolt stretcher is adopted, reduce the times of adjusting the stretching amount of a main bolt and reduce the time for major line overhaul.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tension loading process for a main bolt of a reactor pressure vessel comprises the following steps:
step 1, numbering all main bolts in sequence according to the circumferential direction of a top cover flange, and averagely dividing the main bolts into a plurality of groups, wherein a plurality of main bolts in each group are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the top cover flange;
step 2, sequentially stretching a plurality of groups of uniformly distributed main bolts by adopting 100% target load according to a group sequence;
step 3, sequentially stretching all the main bolts according to the sequence by adopting a target load with a step load of 120-100%;
and 4, stretching the multiple groups of main bolts which are stretched by 120% of target load in the step 3 again by 100% of target load.
According to the invention, the tension loading of the main bolts is set into two stages, the step 2 is a first stage, and the steps 3 and 4 are second stages, the number of tension steps is reduced in the first stage, and the step load span is increased in the second stage, so that the number of the main bolts needing to adjust the pre-tightening load is reduced, the tension loading efficiency is improved, the time for overhauling the main line is shortened, and the total irradiation dose of personnel is reduced.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of installing a tension measuring rod in the central through hole of each main bolt before the step 2, measuring and recording the initial depth L0 of the central through hole, and measuring and recording the depth L1 of the stretched central through hole of each main bolt after the step 4, and calculating the tension L = L1-L0.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the elongation of the kingbolt is calculated, and then it is determined whether the elongation L of each kingbolt is within the normal elongation range, and if not, the elongation of the kingbolt needs to be adjusted.
Preferably, the normal stretching range is 1.40mm to 1.50 mm.
As a preferable method of the present invention, a specific method of adjusting the amount of tension of the main bolt is: if PA>PTBMThen, carrying out tensile loading on the main bolt; if PA<PTBMThen, the main bolt is stretched and unloaded; pA=PTBM*LN/LTBMWherein P isATarget pressure for adjusting the amount of stretching, PTBMThe target pressure for the final stretching of the kingbolt before the adjustment of the amount of stretching, LNL for the amount of normal kingbolt tensionTBMThe amount of tension of the main bolt that needs to be adjusted.
As preferred according to the invention, if PA>PTBMThen set the tensile load to PAAnd performing normal tensile loading operation.
As preferred according to the invention, if PA<PTBMSetting the intermediate pressure value of the stretching to be PTBMManually increasing the tension pressure value by 100psi each time, and attempting to unscrew the main nut until the main nut is loosened; the main nut is rotated anticlockwise for 6 circles, and then the pressure of the bolt stretching machine is reduced to PAAnd screwing the main nut.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of sets of main bolts drawn in step 2 are drawn in the last sets in step 3.
In the present invention, it is preferable that a bolt protecting cover is attached to 2 main bolts on both sides of the main bolt before the main bolt is pulled each time.
As a preferable method of the present invention, a specific method for grouping the main bolts is: every 3 main bolts with the interval of 120 degrees form a group.
The invention has the advantages that: the tension loading of the main bolts is set into two stages, the step 2 is a first stage, the step 3 and the step 4 are second stages, the number of tension steps is reduced in the first stage, and the step load span is increased in the second stage, so that the number of the main bolts needing to adjust the pre-tightening load is reduced, the tension loading efficiency is improved, the main line overhaul time is shortened, and the total irradiation dose of personnel is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of numbering king bolts according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A tension loading process for a main bolt of a reactor pressure vessel comprises the following steps:
step 1, numbering all main bolts in sequence according to the circumferential direction of a top cover flange, and averagely dividing the main bolts into a plurality of groups, wherein a plurality of main bolts in each group are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the top cover flange;
step 2, sequentially stretching a plurality of groups of uniformly distributed main bolts by adopting 100% target load according to a group sequence; the group sequence only refers to that stretching is carried out in a group mode, and does not refer to the sequence according to the group number, and the same is carried out below;
step 3, sequentially stretching all the main bolts according to the sequence by adopting a target load with a step load of 120-100%;
and 4, stretching the multiple groups of main bolts which are stretched by 120% of target load in the step 3 again by 100% of target load.
Specifically, the method further comprises the steps of installing a stretching amount measuring rod in the central through hole of each main bolt before the step 2, measuring and recording the initial depth L0 of the central through hole, measuring and recording the depth L1 of the stretched central through hole of each main bolt after the step 4, calculating the stretching amount L = L1-L0, judging whether the stretching amount L of each main bolt is within a normal stretching amount range (1.40 mm-1.50 mm), and if not, adjusting the stretching amount of the main bolt.
The specific method for adjusting the stretching amount of the main bolt comprises the following steps: if PA>PTBMThen, carrying out tensile loading on the main bolt; if PA<PTBMThen, the main bolt is stretched and unloaded; pA=PTBM*LN/LTBMWherein P isATarget pressure for adjusting the amount of stretching, PTBMThe target pressure for the final stretching of the kingbolt before the adjustment of the amount of stretching, LNL for the amount of normal kingbolt tensionTBMThe amount of tension of the main bolt that needs to be adjusted.
If PA>PTBMWill then stretch the carrierThe load is set as PAAnd performing normal tensile loading operation.
If PA<PTBMSetting the intermediate pressure value of the stretching to be PTBMManually increasing the tension pressure value by 100psi each time, and attempting to unscrew the main nut until the main nut is loosened; the main nut is rotated anticlockwise for 6 circles, and then the pressure of the bolt stretching machine is reduced to PAAnd screwing the main nut.
In the following, a nuclear reactor pressure vessel having 45 main bolts is taken as an example, and the 45 main bolts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the head flange. The 45 main bolts are numbered 1-45 in sequence along the circumferential direction of the top cover flange, then the 45 main bolts are divided into 15 groups according to every 3 groups, and the 3 main bolts in each group are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top cover flange, namely, the interval is 120 degrees, so that uniform and symmetrical stress is ensured when each group of main bolts is stretched.
Next, the tensile loading data was input into three single bolt stretchers:
a. before the bolt stretching machine is hoisted to the bottom of the material changing pool, stretching loading and unloading parameters need to be input into the bolt stretching machine.
b. And the power supply of one bolt stretcher is switched on, so that the other two bolt stretchers are ensured to be in a power-off state.
c. And setting the bolt stretcher to be in a main control state.
d. According to table 1, the main bolt tension loading operation related parameters were input to the bolt stretcher.
e. And after the parameters are input, setting the bolt stretcher to be in an auxiliary control state, and then shutting down.
f. And repeating b-e to complete the parameter input of the three bolt stretching machines.
TABLE 1 tensile loading table for main bolt of certain nuclear power station
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As can be seen from the above table, the 5 groups of main bolts in the first stage, i.e. the stretching in step 2, are uniformly distributed, the number of the 5 groups of main bolts is the smallest number is 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, the number of the 5 groups of main bolts is the middle number is 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, the number of the 5 groups of main bolts is the largest number is 31, 34, 37, 40, 43, i.e. the interval is 2 main bolts, and the main bolts surround the top cover flange for one circle. However, the stretching sequence is not in the above sequence, but in order to ensure the stress uniformity of the top cover flange in the whole stretching process as much as possible, the stretching sequence in the above table is adopted.
In step 3 of the second stage, since the 5 groups of main bolts have already been drawn once, the 5 groups of main bolts are placed in the last 5 groups of the present step and drawn when all the main bolts are drawn in step 3. Meanwhile, we can see from the table that the specific change process of the step load from 120% to 100% of the target load adopted in step 3, the first 5 groups are all stretched with 120% of the target load and then gradually reduced to 100% of the target load. In the same step 2, the stretching sequence ensures the stress uniformity of the top cover flange in the whole stretching process as much as possible.
In step 4 of the second stage, the main bolts of the first 5 groups stretched with the target load of 120% in step 3 are again stretched with the target load of 100%.
Specific stretching operations:
g. the initial depth of the 45 measuring rods is measured and recorded L0. the measuring process needs to be monitored by a specially-assigned person to ensure that the measurement and the recording are accurate.
h. And sequentially hoisting the three bolt stretching machines to the positions near bolts No. 1, No. 16 and No. 31 of the pressure container at the bottom of the material changing pool by using a ring crane and a stacker crane.
i. According to the master bolt loading sequence table in table 1, it is ensured that bolt protecting sleeves have been installed on 2 master bolts near the master bolt to be stretched.
j. The top-of-line hoist was used to lift and position the bolt tensioner onto the main bolt of the first step in table 1.
k. And operating the embracing system to enable the bolt stretcher to embrace the main bolt.
And m, boosting the pressure of the bolt stretcher to 100% of target load, and ensuring that the pressure boosting process of the bolt stretcher is synchronous, so that the top cover flange is uniformly stressed.
n, tightening the main nut with the same torque, and then loosening the tie rod system.
And o, operating the pile-top hoist to place the bolt stretching machine to the next group of main bolts according to the loading sequence of the bolt stretching machine, and sequentially completing the stretching work of all the main bolts.
Then, the amount of tension of the main bolt is measured and calculated:
and p, confirming that the cohesion switch is loosened, and returning the operation interface of the three bolt stretching machines to the main interface.
And q, adjusting the three bolt stretching machines away from the top cover, and temporarily storing the three bolt stretching machines on a high span of the material changing pool.
r, the stretched kingbolt length (i.e., center hole depth) is measured L1 and recorded.
s, the stretching amount of each master bolt is calculated to be L = L0-L1, and it is confirmed whether or not the result is within the normal stretching amount range (1.40-1.50 mm), and if the stretching amount of the master bolt does not satisfy the requirement, adjustment is required.
And finally, adjusting the tensile strength of the unqualified main bolt:
when the elastic modulus of the material of the individual main bolt is different due to the material and the processing and manufacturing errors, and the stretching amount does not meet the requirement, the calculation is carried out according to the following formula, if P isA>PTBMThen, carrying out tensile loading on the main bolt; if PA<PTBMThen, the main bolt is stretched and unloaded; pA=PTBM*LN/LTBMWherein P isATarget pressure for adjusting the amount of stretching, PTBMThe target pressure for the final stretching of the kingbolt before the adjustment of the amount of stretching, LNL for the amount of normal kingbolt tensionTBMThe amount of tension of the main bolt that needs to be adjusted.
When the main bolt is subjected to tensile loading adjustment, the tensile load is set to be a target pressure value PASame as the normal tension loading operation.
When the main bolt is stretched, unloaded and adjusted, the stretched middle pressure value is set to be PTBMManually increasing the tension pressure value by 100psi each time and attempting to unscrewAnd (4) driving the nut until the nut is loosened. The main nut is rotated anticlockwise for 6 circles, and then the pressure of the bolt stretching machine is reduced to a target pressure value PAAnd screwing the main nut.
After the adjustment of the stretching amount is finished, the stretching amounts of the 45 main bolts are measured and calculated again, and all the stretching amounts are confirmed to meet the requirements.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A reactor pressure vessel main bolt tension loading process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, numbering all main bolts in sequence according to the circumferential direction of a top cover flange, and averagely dividing the main bolts into a plurality of groups, wherein a plurality of main bolts in each group are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the top cover flange;
step 2, sequentially stretching a plurality of groups of uniformly distributed main bolts by adopting 100% target load according to a group sequence;
step 3, sequentially stretching all the main bolts according to the sequence by adopting a target load with a step load of 120-100%; stretching the plurality of groups of main bolts stretched in the step 2 in the last groups of the step;
and 4, stretching the multiple groups of main bolts which are stretched by 120% of target load in the step 3 again by 100% of target load.
2. The reactor pressure vessel main bolt tension loading process of claim 1, further comprising, before the step 2, installing a tension measuring rod in the central through hole of each main bolt to measure and record an initial depth L0 of the central through hole, and after the step 4, measuring and recording a depth L1 of the central through hole after each main bolt is stretched, and calculating a tension L = L1-L0.
3. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension loading process of claim 2, wherein after the calculation of the tension of the kingbolt, it is determined whether the tension L of each kingbolt is within a normal tension range, and if not, the tension of the kingbolt needs to be adjusted.
4. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension-loading process of claim 3, wherein the normal amount of tension ranges from 1.40mm to 1.50 mm.
5. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension loading process of claim 3, wherein the specific method of adjusting the tension amount of the kingbolt is: if PA>PTBMThen, carrying out tensile loading on the main bolt; if PA<PTBMThen, the main bolt is stretched and unloaded; pA=PTBM*LN/LTBMWherein P isATarget pressure for adjusting the amount of stretching, PTBMThe target pressure for the final stretching of the kingbolt before the adjustment of the amount of stretching, LNL for the amount of normal kingbolt tensionTBMThe amount of tension of the main bolt that needs to be adjusted.
6. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension-loading process of claim 5, wherein P is PA>PTBMThen set the tensile load to PAAnd performing normal tensile loading operation.
7. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension-loading process of claim 5, wherein P is PA<PTBMSetting the intermediate pressure value of the stretching to be PTBMManually increasing the value of the extension pressure by 100psi each time, anAttempting to loosen the main nut until the main nut is loosened; the main nut is rotated anticlockwise for 6 circles, and then the pressure of the bolt stretching machine is reduced to PAAnd screwing the main nut.
8. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension loading process of claim 1, wherein bolt protecting sleeves are installed on 2 kingbolts on both sides of the kingbolt before each tension of the kingbolt.
9. The reactor pressure vessel kingbolt tension loading process of claim 1, wherein the specific method for kingbolt grouping is: every 3 main bolts with the interval of 120 degrees form a group.
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CN112025625B (en) * 2020-08-06 2022-06-17 岭东核电有限公司 Reactor pressure vessel main bolt stretching operation method and pressure vessel cover closing method

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