CN110207963B - Free-free boundary simulation device for air spring elastic support vertical structure - Google Patents
Free-free boundary simulation device for air spring elastic support vertical structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a free-free boundary simulation device of an air spring elastic support erecting structure, wherein a test piece is erected and supported, a switching tool is arranged on the lower surface of the test piece, a plurality of air springs are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the switching tool, a displacement protection block is arranged between two adjacent air springs, one end of each air spring, which is far away from the test piece, is connected with a corresponding air spring additional air chamber, each air spring additional air chamber is fixed on a test fixing surface, each displacement protection block is also fixed on the test fixing surface, and a corresponding air spring pressure gauge is arranged on each air spring. The method performs free-free boundary simulation test on the vertical test piece by optimizing the support and layout of the air spring, provides multiple protections, and ensures the test effectiveness and safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a free-free boundary simulation device for an air spring elastic support vertical structure, and belongs to the field of structural dynamic test equipment.
Background
The structure dynamic characteristic test is a conventional and important link in the product development process, and the general purpose of the test is to examine the dynamic characteristic parameters of the structure of the product in a real state; for carrying spacecrafts and missile weapons, important design parameters of an attitude control stabilization system can be provided for the spacecrafts and the missile weapons, and meanwhile, important parameters can also be provided for correcting a theoretical prediction model; the method can also be used for structural health detection, structural design defect discovery and the like. The product state is a decisive factor for determining the structural dynamic characteristic parameters. Therefore, how to safely, efficiently and inexpensively ensure the state of a test product in a test field is an important link in the planning of the early implementation of the structural dynamic characteristic test and the implementation process of the test.
The structural dynamic characteristic test generally needs a set of complex boundary simulation systems to ensure the boundary conditions of the tested products, and is usually carried out in a special test field, such as a vibration tower of a carrier rocket and a missile full-size test. For the section and subsystem level test pieces, a portal frame is generally built on a test site, or the free-free boundary condition of a simulated test product is realized by utilizing horizontal suspension or horizontal support of a site crane.
However, the prior art has the following problems for the test products with the following series of problems:
(1) the problem of insufficient hanging height exists in a test site;
(2) the problem that the hoisting capacity of a crane is insufficient exists in a test site;
(3) the final assembly of the test product requires firm, stable and safe boundary support;
(4) the test product is vertically assembled, and the hoisting and overturning functions of the test product cannot be realized after the assembly.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects and requirements in the prior art, the invention provides a free-free boundary simulation device for an air spring elastic support vertical structure, which is used for carrying out a free-free boundary simulation test on a vertical test piece by optimizing the support and the layout of an air spring, providing multiple protections and ensuring the test effectiveness and safety.
(II) technical scheme
A free-free boundary simulation device of an air spring elastic support erecting structure is characterized in that a test piece is erected and supported, a switching tool is arranged on the lower surface of the test piece, a plurality of air springs are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the switching tool, a displacement protection block is arranged between two adjacent air springs, one end, deviating from the test piece, of each air spring is connected with a corresponding air spring additional air chamber, each air spring additional air chamber is fixed on a test fixing surface, each displacement protection block is also fixed on the test fixing surface, and a corresponding air spring pressure gauge is arranged on each air spring.
The air springs are arranged on the lower end face of the test piece in the vertical state and distributed along the circumference of the test piece.
The test piece upper segment sets up and centers on and tightly wraps the band of test piece external diameter, a plurality of edges of equipartition are followed on the band the elastic support area of test piece radial extension, the elastic support area includes rope and elastic element, the rope is wire rope or nylon rope, elastic element is spring or rubber rope.
Each air spring additional air chamber is connected to an air delivery pipeline through a respective air delivery pipeline branch, a corresponding air spring air delivery valve is arranged on each air delivery pipeline branch, an air source switch valve is arranged on each air delivery pipeline, and each air delivery pipeline is connected to an air source.
And determining the arrangement quantity and the layout scheme of the air springs according to the support requirement and the mass distribution characteristic of the vertical test piece.
The number of the air springs is 3, the supporting system is a static system, and the target working pressure value of the air springs is determined according to the mass distribution characteristics of the test piece.
The number of the air springs is more than 4, the supporting system is a hyperstatic system, and the hyperstatic problem is converted: firstly, a system force and moment balance equation is established, then an optimized objective function is established by taking the target working pressure average value of the air spring as a target value, and then the target pressure value of each air spring is obtained based on the theoretical mass distribution state of a test piece.
And designing an additional air chamber of the air spring according to the requirement of the supporting frequency.
And designing the rigidity of the spring according to the rigidity and stability requirements of the system.
The use method of the free-free boundary simulator of the air spring elastic support upright structure comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly installing the switching tool and the air spring in place, and connecting the test piece in the vertical state with the switching tool and carrying the test piece by using a displacement protection block;
s2, mounting a wrapping belt, a spring and a steel wire rope to prevent the test piece from toppling;
s3, opening an air source switch valve of an air source, synchronously controlling the opening state of an air transmission valve of the air spring, and monitoring each air spring pressure gauge;
s4, when a height gap is formed between the switching tool and the displacement protection block, opening of an air spring air valve at the position where the gap is not formed is cooperatively controlled, and a safe and stable supporting height is formed between the vertical and stable test piece in the vertical state and the displacement protection block;
s5, under the supporting state, setting a target working pressure value of each air spring, and performing closed-loop control on the target working pressure value by using an air source;
and S6, carrying out a test.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention relates to a free-free boundary simulation device for an air spring elastic support vertical structure, which adopts a mode of supporting the bottom of an air spring to simulate the free-free boundary of a vertical state of a test piece. In order to ensure the vertical state of the test piece, the switching tool is used for connecting the air spring and the test piece, namely, a bottom supporting mode is adopted, the static strength requirement of the switching tool is reduced, and the influence of a boundary simulation system on the test result is ensured to be small;
referring to a first-order elastic frequency reference value of a free boundary of a test product, wherein the first-order elastic frequency reference value comprises transverse, torsional and longitudinal elastic first-order frequencies, and preliminarily determining the rigidity design requirement and the distribution scheme of the air spring supporting system according to the relevant standard requirement of the ratio of the free boundary simulation rigid body frequency and the elastic frequency of the structural dynamic characteristic test;
in order to meet the requirement of the transverse stability of a test system by referring to the mass characteristics of a test piece and the rigidity and distribution mode of the air springs, a transverse protection device and a limiting safety device are designed;
the air springs are selected, air supply systems of a plurality of sets of air springs are refined, the synchronous and independent control capacity of each set of air spring can be realized, and the use requirement that the loads of the air springs are inconsistent due to eccentricity of a test piece is met;
for the states of four or more air spring supports, the control of the definite target pressure value of the system is realized by converting the hyperstatic problem into a force balance equation and a target function optimization problem, and further the free boundary simulation of the system is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the supported state of the air spring resilient support upright structure free-free boundary simulator of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall control of the free-free boundary simulator of the air spring elastic support upright structure of the invention.
In the figure, 1-test piece; 2-switching over the tooling; 3-displacement protection block; 4-an air spring; 5-air spring additional air chamber; 6-air spring pressure gauge; 7-a steel wire rope; 8-a spring; 9-wrapping a belt; 10-a gas source; 11-gas transmission pipeline; 12-gas source switch valve; 13-air spring air delivery valve.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, according to the free-free boundary simulation device for the air spring elastic support erecting structure, a test piece 1 is erected and supported, a switching tool 2 is arranged on the lower surface of the test piece 1, a plurality of air springs 4 are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the switching tool 2, a displacement protection block 3 is arranged between two adjacent air springs 4, one end, away from the test piece 1, of each air spring 4 is connected with a corresponding air spring additional air chamber 5, each air spring additional air chamber 5 is fixed on a test fixing surface, each displacement protection block 3 is also fixed on the test fixing surface, and a corresponding air spring pressure gauge 6 is arranged on each air spring 4.
The air springs 4 are arranged on the lower end face of the test piece 1 in the vertical state and are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the test piece.
Referring to fig. 2, a wrapping belt 9 surrounding and tightly wrapping the outer diameter of the test piece 1 is arranged at the upper section of the test piece 1, a plurality of elastic supporting belts extending along the radial direction of the test piece 1 are uniformly distributed on the wrapping belt 9, the elastic supporting belts comprise steel wire ropes 7 and springs 8, and a combination of nylon ropes and elastic ropes can be further adopted.
Each air spring additional air chamber 5 is connected to an air transmission pipeline 11 through a respective air transmission pipeline branch, a corresponding air spring air transmission valve 13 is arranged on each air transmission pipeline branch, an air source switch valve 12 is arranged on each air transmission pipeline 11, and each air transmission pipeline 11 is connected to an air source 10.
The number of air springs 4 to be provided is determined according to the support requirement and the mass distribution characteristics of the upright test piece 1.
The number of the air springs 4 is 3, the supporting system is a statically determinate system, and the target working pressure value of the air springs 4 is determined according to the mass distribution characteristics of the test piece 1.
The number of the air springs 4 is more than 4, the supporting system is a hyperstatic system, and the hyperstatic problem is converted: firstly, a system force and moment balance equation is established, then an optimized objective function is established by taking the target working pressure average value of the air springs 4 as a target value, and then the target pressure value of each air spring 4 is obtained based on the theoretical mass distribution state of the test piece 1.
The design of the additional air chamber 5 of the air spring is carried out according to the requirement of the supporting frequency.
The design of the stiffness of the spring 8 is made according to the stiffness and stability requirements of the system.
The use method of the free-free boundary simulator of the air spring elastic support upright structure comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly installing the switching tool 2 and the air spring 4 in place, and connecting the test piece 1 in the vertical state with the switching tool 2 and carrying the test piece by using the displacement protection block 3;
s2, mounting a wrapping belt 9, a spring 8 and a steel wire rope 7 to prevent the test piece 1 from toppling;
s3, opening an air source switch valve 12 of an air source 10, synchronously controlling the opening state of an air spring air delivery valve 13, and monitoring each air spring pressure gauge 6;
s4, when a height gap exists between the switching tool 2 and the displacement protection block 3, cooperatively controlling the air spring air valve 13 at the position where the gap does not exist to be opened, and ensuring that the test piece 1 in a vertical and stable state and the displacement protection block 3 form a safe and stable supporting height;
s5, under the supporting state, setting a target working pressure value of each air spring 4, and performing closed-loop control on the target working pressure value by using the air source 10;
and S6, carrying out a test.
Claims (2)
1. A free-free boundary simulation device of an air spring elastic support erecting structure is characterized in that a test piece is erected and supported, a switching tool is arranged on the lower surface of the test piece, a plurality of air springs are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the switching tool, a displacement protection block is arranged between two adjacent air springs, one end, away from the test piece, of each air spring is connected with a corresponding air spring additional air chamber, each air spring additional air chamber is fixed on a test fixing surface, each displacement protection block is also fixed on the test fixing surface, and a corresponding air spring pressure gauge is arranged on each air spring; the air springs are arranged on the lower end face of the test piece in the vertical state and distributed along the circumference of the test piece;
the test piece upper section is provided with a wrapping belt which surrounds and tightly wraps the outer diameter of the test piece, a plurality of elastic supporting belts which extend along the radial direction of the test piece are uniformly distributed on the wrapping belt, each elastic supporting belt comprises a rope and an elastic element, the rope is a steel wire rope or a nylon rope, and the elastic element is a spring or a rubber rope;
each air spring additional air chamber is connected to an air delivery pipeline through a respective air delivery pipeline branch, a corresponding air spring air delivery valve is arranged on each air delivery pipeline branch, an air source switch valve is arranged on each air delivery pipeline, and each air delivery pipeline is connected to an air source;
determining the arrangement quantity and the layout scheme of the air springs according to the support requirement and the mass distribution characteristic of the vertical test piece;
when the number of the air springs is 3, the supporting system is a static system, and a target working pressure value of the air springs is determined according to the mass distribution characteristic of the test piece;
when air spring quantity is more than 4, braced system is hyperstatic system, converts hyperstatic problem: firstly, establishing a system force and moment balance equation, then establishing an optimized objective function by taking the target working pressure average value of the air spring as a target value, and then obtaining a target pressure value of each air spring based on the theoretical mass distribution state of a test piece;
designing an additional air chamber of the air spring according to the requirement of the supporting frequency;
and designing the rigidity of the air spring according to the rigidity and stability requirements of the system.
2. The method of using an air spring resiliently supported upright structure free-free boundary simulator of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, fixedly installing the switching tool and the air spring in place, and connecting the test piece in the vertical state with the switching tool and carrying the test piece by using a displacement protection block;
s2, mounting a wrapping belt, a spring and a steel wire rope to prevent the test piece from toppling;
s3, opening an air source switch valve of an air source, synchronously controlling the opening state of an air transmission valve of the air spring, and monitoring each air spring pressure gauge;
s4, when a height gap is formed between the switching tool and the displacement protection block, opening of an air spring air valve at the position where the gap is not formed is cooperatively controlled, and a safe and stable supporting height is formed between the vertical and stable test piece in the vertical state and the displacement protection block;
s5, under the supporting state, setting a target working pressure value of each air spring, and performing closed-loop control on the air springs by using an air source;
and S6, carrying out a test.
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| CN111665742B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-08-03 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Airbag supporting free boundary simulation control system and control method thereof |
| CN111579237A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-08-25 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Free boundary simulation system for modal test |
| CN112577690A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-03-30 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Flexible supporting unit for missile hanging boundary |
| CN112340056B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-11-22 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Free boundary simulation support module |
| CN111947901B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-11-22 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Novel spring steel cable free boundary simulation system |
| CN112936202B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-06-23 | 北京中科宇航技术有限公司 | Solid carrier rocket assembly trolley |
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