CN110206864A - A kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power coupling gearbox - Google Patents
A kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power coupling gearbox Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110206864A CN110206864A CN201910203816.7A CN201910203816A CN110206864A CN 110206864 A CN110206864 A CN 110206864A CN 201910203816 A CN201910203816 A CN 201910203816A CN 110206864 A CN110206864 A CN 110206864A
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- power
- shaft
- output shaft
- machine driving
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
- F16H3/22—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially
- F16H3/30—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial
- F16H3/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial and an additional shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
- F16H47/06—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H47/08—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel powers to couple gearbox, including gearbox dynamic input shaft and speed changing box power output shaft, the power of the gearbox dynamic input shaft passes to fluid torque-converter and intermediate propeller shaft simultaneously, sun gear is installed on Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter on the fluid torque-converter, planetary gear is engaged on the sun gear, the planetary gear is mounted in gear ring, the intermediate propeller shaft imparts power to machine driving output shaft by gear drive, the machine driving output shaft imparts power to gear ring governor gear by gear drive, the gear ring governor gear is fixedly connected with gear ring, the planetary gear is equipped with planet carrier, the speed changing box power output shaft is fixed on the planet carrier.Gear box of tractor of the present invention carries out variable speed by hydraulic moment changeable transmission and machine driving power coupling, thus the characteristics of expanding the range of transmission ratio, having smooth gear shifting, reduce oil consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of machinery-hydraulic power coupling gear box of tractor, belong to tractor transmission case technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
With the continuous development of Tendency of Agricultural Machinery in China level, the demand of tractor is also more and more.Gearbox is tractor
Important component, to reach certain job requirements, gearbox is also being continuously updated.By the development of many years, tractor
Gearbox is broadly divided into manual transmission and two kinds of automatic gear-box.Manual transmission is mainly made of gear and axis, by not
Same gear composition generates different transmission ratios, but the transmission ratio of only limited fixation, this kind of to belong to machine driving;It is automatic to become
Fast case is made of fluid torque-converter, planetary gear, hydraulic bending moment system and hydraulic control system, mainly fluid power transmitting and gear
Combined mode reaches variable-speed torque-converting, such to belong to hydraulic power.The characteristics of machine driving is that structure is simple, but only certain is several
Fixed transmission ratio is not able to satisfy the various working conditions of tractor, and impacts when shift larger;The characteristics of hydraulic power is
Variable speed may be implemented, but can only realize variable speed in the lesser range of speed ratio, be not able to satisfy tractor and more make
Industry operating condition.Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of tractor machines-hydraulic power coupling gearbox, tractor machines are passed
The power of dynamic output and the power of hydraulic moment changeable transmission output are coupled, so that fluid torque-converter is in biggish gear range
Interior carry out variable speed.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power
Couple gearbox, including gearbox dynamic input shaft and speed changing box power output shaft, the power of the gearbox dynamic input shaft
Fluid torque-converter and intermediate propeller shaft are passed to simultaneously, is equipped with too on the Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter on the fluid torque-converter
Sun is taken turns, and is engaged with planetary gear on the sun gear, and the planetary gear is mounted in gear ring, and the intermediate propeller shaft passes through gear and passes
Dynamic to impart power to machine driving output shaft, the machine driving output shaft imparts power to gear ring tune by gear drive
Fast gear, the gear ring governor gear are fixedly connected with gear ring, and the planetary gear is equipped with planet carrier, and the gearbox dynamic is defeated
Shaft is fixed on the planet carrier.
In above scheme, input shaft gear is installed on the gearbox dynamic input shaft, is pacified on the intermediate propeller shaft
Equipped with intermediate transmission shaft gear and duplicate gear, low gear driven gear is installed on the machine driving output shaft and high gear is passive
Gear, the intermediate transmission shaft gear are engaged with the input shaft gear, the duplicate gear and the low gear driven gear or
The high gear driven gear engagement.
In above scheme, machine driving output gear is installed on the machine driving output shaft, the machine driving is defeated
Gear is engaged with the gear ring governor gear out.
In above scheme, hydraulic clutch is installed between the intermediate propeller shaft and the intermediate transmission shaft gear.
In above scheme, machine driving brake apparatus is installed on the machine driving output shaft.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the power that Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter of the invention exports hydraulic moment changeable transmission mechanism
Sun gear is passed to, the power that machine driving exports is passed to gear ring governor gear, gear ring speed regulation by machine driving output gear
Gear is linked together with gear ring, so that power is transmitted to gear ring, two input powers are coupled, finally moved by planetary gear mechanism
Power is exported by planet carrier to speed changing box power output shaft, it is hereby achieved that broader transmission ratio range, can satisfy
Tractor several work operating condition, and have smooth gear shifting, reduce oil consumption the characteristics of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gear box of tractor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the application case figure of gear box of tractor of the present invention.
The reference numerals are as follows: 1, gearbox dynamic input shaft;2, input shaft gear;3, fluid torque-converter;4, fluid power
Torque converter output shaft;5, gear ring governor gear;6, gear ring;7, planetary gear;8, sun gear;9, speed changing box power output shaft;10, row
Carrier;11, machine driving output gear;12, machine driving brake apparatus;13, machine driving output shaft;14, high gear passive tooth
Wheel;15, duplicate gear;16, hydraulic clutch;17, intermediate propeller shaft;18, low gear driven gear;19, intermediate transmission shaft gear.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power couples gearbox, comprising: hydraulic moment changeable driver
Structure, mechanical transmission mechanism, planetary gear coupling mechanism;The hydraulic moment changeable transmission mechanism is located at the top of gearbox;The machine
Tool transmission mechanism is located at the lower part of gearbox;The planetary gear coupling mechanism is located at the rear portion of gearbox;Gearbox dynamic is defeated
The one end for entering axis 1 is fixed on gear box casing by bearing, and the other end is connected with fluid torque-converter 3;Input shaft gear 2 passes through
Spline is mounted on gearbox dynamic input shaft 1, and is rotated together with gearbox dynamic input shaft 1;Intermediate transmission shaft gear 19
Empty set is on intermediate propeller shaft 17;Gear 2 on gearbox dynamic input shaft 1 is often nibbled with the gear 19 on intermediate propeller shaft 17
It closes;The other end of intermediate propeller shaft 17 is set with duplicate gear 15, can slide on axis;High gear driven gear 14 and low gear are passive
Gear 18 is mounted on machine driving output shaft 13 by spline, and duplicate gear 15 can be stirred by shift fork and is moved left and right and low gear
Driven gear 18 or high gear driven gear 14 engage, and carry out power transmitting;There are two inputs for planetary gear mechanism, first is that fluid power becomes
The power of hydraulic power is passed to sun gear 8 by square device output shaft 4, the other is the tooth of 13 right end of machine driving output shaft
Wheel 11, which engages with gear ring governor gear 5, and gear ring governor gear 5 is linked together with gear ring 6, thus by machine driving
The power of output passes to gear ring 6;Planet carrier 10 is the output of planetary gear coupling mechanism.
Mechanical brake device 12 is installed, can control planetary gear coupling mechanism is single action on machine driving output shaft 13
Power drive or double acting power drive.
Hydraulic clutch 16 is installed, clutch is rotated with axis on intermediate propeller shaft 17.When the machine driving system of disconnection
When dynamic device 12, planetary gear mechanism is double acting power drive, at this time, it may be necessary to engagement mechanical running part.It is hydraulic in clutch
Oil push piston, clutch is pressed on intermediate transmission shaft gear 19, make gear 19 with the rotation of intermediate propeller shaft 17 and
Rotation, so that mechanical driving part is coupled with hydraulic power part by planetary gear, the power of final output coupling.When
When machine driving brake apparatus 12 is closed, intermediate transmission shaft gear 19 is in an off state with hydraulic clutch 16, and gear 19 is empty
It covers on intermediate propeller shaft 17, is not rotated with axis, only rotated with the input shaft gear 2 being engaged with, do not transmit power.
The working principle of gear box of tractor progress power coupling is as shown in Figure 2 in the present embodiment, on the one hand, engine is defeated
Power out passes to gearbox dynamic input shaft 1, at this point, on the one hand power passes to hydraulic moment changeable transmission mechanism, fluid power becomes
Square device 3 receives the power that gearbox dynamic input shaft 1 inputs, and passes to Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter 4, finally, hydraulic moment changeable
Device output shaft 4 imparts power to the sun gear 8 of planet coupling mechanism.On the other hand, power passes to mechanical transmission mechanism, becomes
The power of engine is passed to the gear on the intermediate propeller shaft 17 being meshed therewith by the gear 2 on fast case power input shaft 1
19, hydraulic clutch 16 is pressed on intermediate transmission shaft gear 19 by hydraulic action, and gear 19 will by hydraulic clutch 16
Power passes to intermediate propeller shaft 17, and shift fork is stirred duplicate gear 15 and is moved to the left, so that 15 left side of duplicate gear and low gear quilt
Moving gear 18 is meshed, and power passes to machine driving output shaft 13 by low gear driven gear 18 at this time;Alternatively, shift fork is stirred
Duplicate gear 15 moves right, so that 15 right side of duplicate gear is meshed with high gear driven gear 14, power passes through high gear at this time
Driven gear 14 passes to machine driving output shaft 13, realizes tractor high gear or low gear operation.
There are two input, an outputs for planetary gear coupling mechanism.Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter 4 is by hydraulic moment changeable driver
The power of structure output passes to sun gear 8, and the power that machine driving exports is passed to gear ring tune by machine driving output gear 11
Fast gear 5, gear ring governor gear 5 are linked together with gear ring 6, so that power is transmitted to gear ring 6, planetary gear mechanism is inputted two
Power is coupled, finally, power is exported by planet carrier 10.
In the present embodiment, the speed ratio characteristic introduction of fluid torque-converter is as follows in detail.
The primary characteristic of fluid torque-converter refers to impeller torque coefficient lambdaB, converter torque ratio K and transmission efficiency η and rotating ratio i it
Between relationship.
The speed ratio i of torque-converters is secondary speed nTWith pump impeller revolving speed nBThe ratio between, i.e.,
Impeller torque coefficient lambdaBFor impeller torque TBProportionality constant in formula, impeller torque formula are
In formula: ρ --- the density of working oil;Effective diameter ' the n of D--- torque-convertersB--- pump impeller revolving speed.
Impeller torque coefficient lambdaB" permeability " of torque-converters, i.e. pump impeller load change situation are shown with the relationship of speed ratio i
With the relationship of turbine load.As can be seen from Figure, impeller torque coefficient curve declines therewith with the increase of rotating ratio i,
Show that the fluid torque-converter has positive penetrability, that is, runner torque TTWhen increase, impeller torque TBAlso it increases with it.
Converter torque ratio K is turbine output torque TTWith pump impeller input torque TBThe ratio between, i.e.,
Converter torque ratio commonly used to evaluation fluid torque-converter bending moment performance, i.e. fluid torque-converter within the scope of traction working condition,
Change the ability that turbine shaft torque is transmitted to from pump impeller shaft by certain no polar region.
Efficiency eta be the ratio between output power and input power, i.e.,
Efficiency eta is for measuring fluid torque-converter economic performance index.It can be seen from the figure that fluid torque-converter
Increase first increases and then decreases of the efficiency with rotating ratio, the efficiency highest at i*, i* is about 0.65, and peak efficiency is about
80% or so.Rotating ratio is in i1-i2Between, that is, the section about 0.5-1, fluid torque-converter is in high efficient area, at this point, nothing
Grade shifting efficiency is higher.But the range of rotating ratio is too small, so that tractor can only realize nothing in lesser gear range
Grade speed change, is not able to satisfy most operating condition.
The single-power driving force process of the present embodiment is as follows:
Mechanical brake device 12 is closed, it can be achieved that Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter 4 is to the single-power of planetary gear coupling mechanism
Driving.At this point, the gear 11 being meshed with machine driving output shaft 13 is locked together with machine driving output shaft 13, thus with
The gear ring governor gear 5 that machine driving output gear 11 is meshed also is locked, and causes to be linked together with gear ring governor gear 5
Gear ring 6 is locked, and power can not pass to gear ring 6, so only Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter 4 imparts power to sun gear 8,
Sun gear 8 imparts power to the planetary gear 7 being engaged with, and then power is transmitted to the planet carrier 10 of engagement by planetary gear 7, finally
By 10 output power of planet carrier.
The double acting power drive process of the present embodiment is as follows:
Mechanical brake device 12 is disconnected, and is pressed on hydraulic clutch 16 on intermediate transmission shaft gear 19, it can be achieved that liquid
The double acting power drive of power torque converter output shaft 4 and machine driving output gear 11 to planetary gear coupling mechanism.At this point, planet tooth
Coupling mechanism is taken turns there are two input, first is that power is transmitted to sun gear 8 by Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter 4, sun gear 8 transmits power
To the planetary gear 7 being engaged with;Another input is that machine driving output shaft gear 11 imparts power to the tooth being engaged with
Governor gear 5 is enclosed, then gear ring governor gear 5 imparts power to the gear ring 6 being integrally connected, and gear ring 6 transmits power
The planetary gear 7 of the internal messing given.Finally two input powers are coupled, final power is exported by planet carrier 10.
By coupling two power, bigger transmission ratio range can be obtained.
Specific embodiment: the machinery-fluid power parallel power coupling gearbox is applied on a kind of tractor, as shown in Fig. 2,
The gearbox dynamic being mounted on tractor is provided by engine, and power is input to gearbox dynamic input shaft by clutch
On.Mechanical brake device uses hydraulic brake, pushes braking pump lever, and brake pump adds the brake fluid in fluid reservoir
Then pressure pushes the brake-shoe of disk brake to compress brake disc.Selector fork is stirred duplicate gear 15 and is moved left and right, respectively with
Low gear driven gear 18 and high gear driven gear 14 are meshed, and realize high and low gear.Planetary gear coupling mechanism output power by
9 output gearbox of speed changing box power output shaft imparts power to jackshaft through rear axle central control mechanism, is ultimately transferred to
Driving wheel carries out operation.
A kind of gear box of tractor of the present invention, several typical power transfer paths are as follows:
(1) hydraulic power: brake apparatus 12 is closed;Gearbox dynamic input shaft 1 → fluid torque-converter, 3 → hydraulic power is defeated
10 → output shaft of gear-box of shaft 4 → sun gear, 8 → planetary gear, 7 → planet carrier 9
(2) machinery-coupling fluid-structure: brake apparatus 12 disconnects, and hydraulic clutch 16 is connected with intermediate transmission shaft gear 19;
Mechanical part: low gear (duplicate gear 15 moves to left) transmission input shaft 1 → input shaft gear, 2 → intermediate propeller shaft tooth
Take turns 19 → hydraulic clutch, 16 → intermediate propeller shaft, 17 → duplicate gear, 15 → low gear driven gear 18 → machine driving output shaft
13 → machine driving output gear 11 → gear ring governor gear, 5 → gear ring 6
High gear (duplicate gear 15 moves to right) transmission input shaft 1 → input shaft gear, 2 → intermediate transmission, 19 → liquid of shaft gear
Press 16 → intermediate propeller shaft of clutch, 17 → duplicate gear, 15 → high gear, 14 → machine driving of driven gear output shaft 13 → machinery
It is driven 11 → gear ring of output gear governor gear, 5 → gear ring 6
Fluid power part: 4 → sun gear of transmission input shaft 1 → fluid torque-converter, 3 → hydraulic power output shaft 8
Planetary gear couples the power of mechanically operated power and hydraulic power, and there are two inputs: 8 He of sun gear
Gear ring 6, the power finally coupled are output to output shaft of gear-box 9 by planet carrier 10, with this output gearbox.
In conclusion gear box of tractor of the present invention, is provided with hydraulic moment changeable transmission mechanism, machinery in cabinet
Transmission mechanism and planetary gear coupling mechanism make tractor obtain bigger gear range and shift gears in operation process
It is more smooth, oil consumption is reduced, the job requirements of tractor are met.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power couples gearbox, including gearbox dynamic input shaft (1) and gearbox move
Power output shaft (9), which is characterized in that the power of the gearbox dynamic input shaft (1) pass to simultaneously fluid torque-converter (3) and
Intermediate propeller shaft (17) is equipped with sun gear (8) on the Output Shaft of Hydraulic Torque Converter (4) on the fluid torque-converter (3), described
It is engaged on sun gear (8) planetary gear (7), the planetary gear (7) is mounted in gear ring (6), and the intermediate propeller shaft (17) is logical
It crosses gear drive to impart power to machine driving output shaft (13), the machine driving output shaft (13) will by gear drive
Power passes to gear ring governor gear (5), and the gear ring governor gear (5) is fixedly connected with gear ring (6), the planetary gear (7)
It is equipped with planet carrier (10), the speed changing box power output shaft (9) is fixed on the planet carrier (10).
2. a kind of tractor machines according to claim 1-fluid power parallel power couples gearbox, which is characterized in that institute
It states and is equipped on gearbox dynamic input shaft (1) input shaft gear (2), intermediate transmission is installed on the intermediate propeller shaft (17)
Shaft gear (19) and duplicate gear (15) are equipped with low gear driven gear (18) and high gear on the machine driving output shaft (13)
Driven gear (14), the intermediate transmission shaft gear (19) are engaged with the input shaft gear (2), the duplicate gear (15) with
The low gear driven gear (18) or the high gear driven gear (14) engagement.
3. a kind of tractor machines according to claim 2-fluid power parallel power couples gearbox, which is characterized in that institute
It states and is equipped on machine driving output shaft (13) machine driving output gear (11), the machine driving output gear (11) and institute
State gear ring governor gear (5) engagement.
4. a kind of tractor machines according to claim 1 or 2 or 3-fluid power parallel power couples gearbox, feature exists
In being equipped with hydraulic clutch (16) between the intermediate propeller shaft (17) and the intermediate transmission shaft gear (19).
5. a kind of tractor machines according to claim 4-fluid power parallel power couples gearbox, which is characterized in that institute
It states and machine driving brake apparatus (12) is installed on machine driving output shaft (13).
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201910203816.7A CN110206864A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power coupling gearbox |
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CN201910203816.7A CN110206864A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power coupling gearbox |
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CN201910203816.7A Pending CN110206864A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of tractor machines-fluid power parallel power coupling gearbox |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113931778A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-14 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Vehicle rapid warm-up control method, vehicle and storage medium |
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CN207421260U (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-05-29 | 石河子大学 | A kind of lamination planetary gear type hydraulic mechanical stepless gearbox |
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CN1219997A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1999-06-16 | 通用动力防卫系统公司 | Multi-range hydromechanical transmission for off-road vehicles |
CN1263587A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2000-08-16 | 通用动力地面系统公司 | Multi-range hydromechanical transmission for vehicles |
CN101162043A (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2008-04-16 | 赵宏坚 | Mechanical-hydraulic compound transmission mechanism |
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CN113931778A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-14 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Vehicle rapid warm-up control method, vehicle and storage medium |
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