CN110203794B - Traction type elevator steel wire rope fault detection method - Google Patents
Traction type elevator steel wire rope fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110203794B CN110203794B CN201910615983.2A CN201910615983A CN110203794B CN 110203794 B CN110203794 B CN 110203794B CN 201910615983 A CN201910615983 A CN 201910615983A CN 110203794 B CN110203794 B CN 110203794B
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- wire rope
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0037—Performance analysers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
- B66B7/1207—Checking means
- B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
- B66B7/123—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables by analysing magnetic variables
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting a fault of a steel wire rope of a traction type elevator, which belongs to the technical field of fault detection and comprises the following steps: installing a clamping device on the steel wire ropes, and performing excitation processing on the steel wire ropes through an excitation device; collecting magnetic field information on the steel wire rope by using a detection device, and preprocessing the magnetic field information by using an amplifier and a collecting board card to form a target signal; and respectively processing the target signal by using a wavelet method and an improved moving average value method, and summing and averaging signals determined by the two methods to obtain a final signal. And comparing the characteristic information of the final signal with a database in a LabView system, determining the fault type and the damage degree, and recording and early warning the characteristic points exceeding a preset threshold value. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator, provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple operation steps, higher detection precision and stronger reference of a detected result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fault detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting a fault of a steel wire rope of a traction type elevator.
Background
The steel wire rope is used as a key component for engineering bearing and is widely applied to various fields of national economic construction such as mines, passenger and freight ropeways, suspension bridges, buildings, ports and the like, and the steel wire rope is influenced by environmental corrosion, uncertain alternating load, mechanical impact, abrasion and the like in the long-term operation process, so that damages such as wire breakage, abrasion, corrosion and the like can occur, strength is reduced and even suddenly breaks due to long-term accumulation, and safety accidents sometimes occur. The safety state of the steel wire rope is important for the production and personnel life safety of related industries. The detection work of the steel wire rope is indispensable. The existing steel wire rope detection device is complex in structure and low in detection precision, and the detected result cannot well reflect the damage degree of the steel wire rope, so that detection personnel cannot provide powerful data support.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting a fault of a steel wire rope of a traction type elevator, and aims to solve the problems that a detection device is complex in structure, low in detection precision and poor in referency of a detected result.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope comprises the following steps:
installing a clamping device on the steel wire ropes, and performing excitation processing on the steel wire ropes through an excitation device;
collecting magnetic field information on the steel wire rope by using a detection device, and preprocessing the magnetic field information by using an amplifier and a collection board card to form a target signal;
respectively processing the target signal by using a wavelet method and an improved moving average value method, and summing and averaging signals determined by the two methods to obtain a final signal;
and comparing the characteristic information of the final signal with a database in a LabView system, determining the fault type and the damage degree, and recording and early warning the characteristic points exceeding a preset threshold value.
Further, the clamping device includes:
the fastener seat is provided with slots at two ends; and
a plug matched with the slot is arranged at two ends of the fastener, and an accommodating cavity for accommodating the steel wire rope is formed between the fastener seat and the fastener;
and the clamping pieces are symmetrically arranged in the accommodating cavity and are used for clamping the steel wire rope.
Further, the clamping member includes:
one end of the supporting plate is fixed on the fastener seat and the inner wall of the fastener; and
the roller is hinged to the other end of the supporting plate, and a groove used for being abutted to the steel wire rope is formed in the peripheral surface of the roller.
Further, still include:
the threaded columns are vertically fixed on the fastener seat and the outer wall of the fastener; and
the rotating sleeve is in threaded connection with the threaded column;
the clamping piece clamps the steel wire rope by means of the fastening force of the threaded column to the fastener seat and the fastener.
Further, the excitation device includes:
an annular magnetic conduction seat;
the permanent magnets are symmetrically distributed and have the same polarity, and the permanent magnets of different groups have opposite polarities; and
magnetizers which are corresponding to each permanent magnet one by one and are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of each permanent magnet;
the magnetizer excites the steel wire rope by means of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.
Further, the detection device includes:
the two PCB boards are positioned between the two groups of permanent magnets and are vertically inserted on the inner wall of the annular magnetic conduction seat, a plurality of grooves with the same specification are formed in the PCB boards side by side, and the two grooves are spliced to form a detection ring which is arranged around the periphery of the steel wire rope; and
and the Hall elements are uniformly distributed on the detection ring.
Further, the Hall element is electrically connected with the amplifier through an electrical element on the PCB.
Further, the amplifier is of the type LM 224.
Further, the wavelet adopts db10 wavelet base.
Further, the improved moving average method comprises the following steps:
continuously sampling N times, and respectively storing waveform data in corresponding arrays Xi[M](ii) (wherein i ═ 1,2, …, N);
a new sampling (i) is performed>N), i.e. Xi＝1[j]＝Xi[j](wherein i ═ 2,3, …, N), where XN[M]For storing the most recent primary waveform data value;
average value of N waveform data is obtained and stored in array X M]In, i.e.
(where j ═ 1,2,3, …, M);
from the weighting coefficients of the respective arrays, a weighted average is obtained, i.e.
Calculating the variance S of adjacent signal levels2I.e. by
When S is2<1, considering the interval to be approximately stable, and determining the window size to be n; if S2>And 1, reducing the value of n until the interval is approximately stable or the value of n is reduced to 1.
The steel wire rope fault detection method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator has the advantages that the multiple steel wire ropes are stably clamped by the clamping device, so that the influence of shaking on a detection result in the movement process of the steel wire rope is reduced, the multiple steel wire ropes are excited by the exciting device, the detection device detects a leaked magnetic field signal, the detected magnetic field signal is amplified by the amplifier, and the amplified signal is stored by the acquisition board card to obtain a target signal. And respectively processing the stored signals by using a wavelet method and an improved moving average method for the target signal, summing and averaging the signals determined by the two methods to obtain a final signal, comparing the characteristic information of the final signal with a database in a LabView system, determining the fault type and the damage degree of the steel wire rope, and recording and early warning the characteristic points exceeding a preset threshold value. After the denoising processing of the wavelet and the improved moving average method, the problem that signal burrs cannot be solved during wavelet processing is avoided, the problem that the signal distortion degree of the moving average method is large is also reduced, the processed signals are analyzed and processed in a LabView system, the waveform characteristics are analyzed and compared with characteristic points in a database, the fault type and the fault degree are determined, and the threshold value reminding function in the LabView system is combined, so that detection personnel can conveniently master the running state of the steel wire rope in time, fault information can be accurately processed and early warned, the accident frequency is reduced, and the safety is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of a method for detecting a failure of a steel wire rope of a traction elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a clamping device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an excitation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection between two PCBs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the algorithm of the improved moving average method of the present invention.
In the figure: in the figure: 1. a wire rope; 2. a fastener seat; 3. a fastener; 4. a roller; 5. rotating the sleeve; 6. a threaded post; 7. an annular magnetic conduction seat; 8. a permanent magnet; 9. a magnetizer; 10. a PCB board; 11. a Hall element; 12. and a support plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a method for detecting a failure of a steel wire rope of a traction elevator according to the present invention is described, which includes the following steps: installing a clamping device on the steel wire ropes 1, and performing excitation processing on the steel wire ropes 1 through an excitation device; a detection device is used for collecting magnetic field signals on the steel wire rope 1, and the collected signals are preprocessed by an amplifier and a collecting board card and transmitted to a PC (personal computer) for storage; respectively carrying out denoising processing on stored signals by using wavelets and an improved moving average value method, and summing and averaging the signals determined by the two methods; and comparing the characteristic information of the obtained signal with a database in a LabView system, determining the fault type and the damage degree of the steel wire rope 1, and recording and early warning the characteristic points exceeding a preset threshold value.
The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope 1 has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator has the advantages that the multiple steel wire ropes 1 are stably clamped by the clamping device, so that the influence of shaking on a detection result in the movement process of the steel wire rope 1 is reduced, the multiple steel wire ropes 1 are excited by the exciting device, the detection device detects a leaked magnetic field signal, the amplifier amplifies the detected magnetic field signal, and the acquisition board card stores the amplified signal to obtain a target signal. And (3) denoising the stored signals by respectively using a wavelet method and an improved moving average method for the target signals, summing and averaging the signals determined by the two methods to obtain final signals, comparing the characteristic information of the final signals with a database in a LabView system, determining the fault type and the damage degree of the steel wire rope 1, and recording and early warning the characteristic points exceeding a preset threshold value. After the denoising processing of the wavelet and the improved moving average method, the problem that signal burrs cannot be solved during wavelet processing is avoided, the problem that the signal distortion degree of the moving average method is large is also reduced, the processed signals are analyzed and processed in a LabView system, the waveform characteristics are analyzed and compared with characteristic points in a database, the fault type and the fault degree are determined, and the threshold value reminding function in the LabView system is combined, so that a detector can conveniently master the running state of the steel wire rope 1 in time, fault information can be accurately processed and early warned, the accident occurrence frequency is reduced, and the safety is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, a method for detecting a failure of a rope of a traction elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: fastener 3 seat 2, fastener 3, and a plurality of clamping pieces; two ends of the fastener 3 seat 2 are provided with slots; plugs matched with the slots are arranged at two ends of the fastener 3, and an accommodating cavity for accommodating the steel wire rope 1 is formed between the fastener 3 seat 2 and the fastener 3; and the clamping pieces are symmetrically arranged in the accommodating cavity and are used for clamping the steel wire rope 1. Fastener 3 passes through the plug with fastener seat 2 and fixes with the slot, fastener 3 all is equipped with the recess that is used for holding wire rope 1 with fastener seat 2, thereby two component concatenations have formed and have been used for many passages that pass with wire rope 1, and the fastener can set up to 4, set up 2 at the surface coplanar of fastener 3, the surface coplanar correspondence at fastener seat 2 sets up 2, the fixed clamping piece that is provided with between fastener 3 and fastener seat 2, the clamping piece symmetric distribution is in wire rope 1's both sides, will follow wire rope 1 with many times through fastener seat 2 and fastener 3 and press from both sides tightly fixedly. This clamping device installation is simple, and it is convenient to dismantle to surplus is adjusted to fastener seat 3 and fastener 2 when the lock, through pressing from both sides tightly wire rope 1, thereby reduces rocking that produces at 1 operation in-process of wire rope, has reduced the influence of other interference factors to the experimental result, has guaranteed the precision that detects.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, a clamping member according to a specific embodiment of the method for detecting a failure of a steel wire rope of a traction elevator of the present invention includes: a support plate 12 and a roller 4; one end of the supporting plate 12 is fixed on the inner walls of the fastener seat 2 and the fastener 3; the roller 4 is hinged with the other end of the support plate 12, and a groove used for being abutted against the steel wire rope 1 is formed in the peripheral surface of the roller 4. The clamping pieces are symmetrically arranged in the length direction of the inner surfaces of the clamping piece seat 2 and the clamping piece 3, the end parts of the clamping pieces are hinged with rollers 4 which are used for being in rotary butt joint with the steel wire rope 1, and grooves used for containing the steel wire rope 1 are formed in the peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4; the clamping piece tip is equipped with gyro wheel 4 with wire rope 1 contact, sets up flutedly on gyro wheel 4, has increased the area of contact of gyro wheel 4 with the recess, has reduced 1 axial rocked of wire rope, and the device dismantles portably, and is fixed firm, can greatly reduce the influence of rocking to the experimental result of wire rope 1.
As a specific implementation manner of the method for detecting the failure of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator provided by the present invention, please refer to fig. 2-3, which further includes: a plurality of threaded studs 6 and a rotating sleeve 5; a plurality of threaded columns 6 are vertically fixed on the outer walls of the fastener seat 2 and the fastener 3; the rotating sleeve 5 is in threaded connection with the threaded column 6; the clamping element clamps the cable 1 by means of the rotating sleeve 5. Threaded post 6 can be 4, fixed connection is 2 on 2 outer walls of fastener seat, fixedly connected with is 2 on 3 outer walls of fastener, rotate cover 5 and 6 threaded connection of threaded post, the fastener includes threaded post 6 and rotation cover 5, through rotating the lateral wall butt of cover 5 until with 1 well road junction of wire rope, thereby fix fastener 3 and fastener seat 2 on 1 well road junction of wire rope, the rotation cover 5 of rotatory opposite both sides simultaneously, wire rope 1 is pressed from both sides tightly, the rocking of producing in the elevator operation process has been reduced, the influence to the experimental result has been reduced simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 4, an excitation device according to a specific embodiment of the method for detecting a failure of a steel wire rope of a traction elevator of the present invention includes: two annular magnetic conductive seats 7, two groups of permanent magnets 8 and a plurality of magnetic conductors 9; the two annular magnetic conduction seats 7 are spliced to form a containing cavity for containing the steel wire ropes 1; two groups of permanent magnets 8 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the annular magnetic conduction seat 7 in a group, the other group of permanent magnets is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the annular magnetic conduction seat 7 in a group, each group of permanent magnets 8 are symmetrically distributed and have the same polarity, and the different groups of permanent magnets 8 have opposite polarities. And the magnetizers 9 correspond to the permanent magnets 8 one by one and are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the permanent magnets 8. The magnetizer 9 excites the steel wire rope 1 by means of an excitation loop formed by different groups of permanent magnets 8. After the clamping device clamps the steel wire rope 1, an excitation device is installed above the clamping device, the two annular magnetic conduction seats 7 are used for supporting the internal permanent magnets 8, the annular magnetic conduction seats 7 are vertically arranged, a cavity for the steel wire rope 1 to penetrate through is formed between the two annular magnetic conduction seats 7, a group of permanent magnets 8 are fixedly arranged at the upper end of each annular magnetic conduction seat 7, and the other group of permanent magnets 8 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of each annular magnetic conduction seat. The polarity of each group of permanent magnets 8 is the same, the polarity of different groups of permanent magnets 8 is opposite, so that a magnetic field loop can be formed, magnetizers 9 are fixedly installed on the permanent magnets 8, the side surfaces of the magnetizers 9 are close to the steel wire rope 1, and each permanent magnet 8 is provided with one magnetizer 9, so that a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 8 can be conducted out conveniently, the steel wire rope 1 can be permanently excited by using the magnets, the energy is not consumed in the excitation process, the magnetic field is transmitted to the steel wire rope 1 by means of the magnetizers 9, and in the movement process of the steel wire rope 1, the excitation can be continuously carried out, so that the fault information of the steel wire rope 1 can be.
Referring to fig. 4 to 5, a method for detecting a failure of a steel wire rope of a traction elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: two PCB boards 10 and a plurality of hall elements 11; the two PCB boards 10 are horizontally arranged between the two groups of permanent magnets 8, the PCB boards 10 are connected with the inner wall of the annular magnetic conduction seat 7 through connecting rods, a plurality of grooves with the same specification are formed in the PCB boards 10 side by side, and the two grooves are spliced to form a detection ring which is arranged around the periphery of the steel wire rope 1; the Hall elements 11 are uniformly distributed on the detection ring; the hall element 11 is electrically connected to the amplifier via electrical components on the PCB board 10. The PCB 10 is inserted on the annular magnetic conduction seat 7 through an insertion hole above the annular magnetic conduction seat 7, magnetic flux leakage detection is carried out after the steel wire rope 1 is excited, a groove is formed in the PCB 10, the semicircular shape in the groove is coincident with the axis of the steel wire rope 1, two PCBs 10 are spliced into a detection ring concentric with the steel wire rope 1, a plurality of Hall elements 11 uniformly distributed along the periphery of the steel wire rope 1 are installed on the detection ring, leaked magnetic field information is detected through the Hall elements 11, the Hall elements 11 are electrically connected with electrical components on the PCB 10, magnetic field signals are transmitted to an amplifier, the distance between the Hall elements 11 on the PCB 10 and the steel wire rope 1 is short, the magnetic field information with enough strength can be conveniently captured, after detection is finished, the PCB only needs to be pulled out of the annular magnetic conduction seat 7, the installation is convenient, the detection effect is good, the Hall elements 11 are circumferentially arrayed around the steel wire rope 1, all-round detection, there is not the hourglass and examine, the testing result is accurate, hall element 11 along 1 circumference distribution of wire rope can be 6, all install 3 hall element 11 on the recess that every PCB was seted up, thereby constitute the detection ring around 1 circumference of wire rope, be convenient for detect magnetic field signal from all directions, single wire rope 1 adopts the excitation of 8 double circuit of permanent magnet, the N of two blocks of magnets in this return circuit, the S utmost point is placed in opposite directions, this device is formed by the excitation detection device combination of a plurality of single wire rope 1, all be provided with the magnetic shield between every wire rope 1, mutual noninterference between 1 magnetic circuit of single wire rope.
As a specific implementation mode of the method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator, the model of the amplifier is LM 224. The hall element 11 preprocesses the collected fault signal through the amplifier LM224, and then enables the collected signal to be amplified, thereby facilitating subsequent collection and processing.
According to the specific implementation mode of the traction type elevator steel wire rope fault detection method provided by the invention, the acquisition board card is the NI acquisition board card, the board card can timely store a large amount of waveform information, the signal loss rate is low, and the NI acquisition board card is used for transmitting signals to the PC.
As a specific implementation mode of the traction type elevator steel wire rope fault detection method provided by the invention, the wavelet adopts a db10 wavelet base, the db10 wavelet base is selected for 5-layer decomposition, the db10 wavelet base has approximate symmetry, orthogonality and tight support, the method is well applied to signal denoising treatment, the signal-to-noise ratio of 5-layer decomposition signals is relatively high, the number of decomposition layers is too large, the distortion degree of the signals is large, and the denoising effect is not obvious when the number of the decomposition layers is too small.
In the invention, due to the difference of wavelet bases, the corresponding signal processing capability and the corresponding signal processing mode are different. Different wavelet bases can be selected according to different steel wire rope running states, and the types of the wavelet bases corresponding to different service lives are recorded in a database, so that targeted signal processing is achieved.
In the invention, the fault types are broken wire, abrasion and corrosion which are easy to occur to the steel wire rope 1, and the fault characteristic information of the broken wire, the abrasion and the corrosion is input into the data base, so that the fault type of the steel wire rope 1 can be judged according to the difference of time domain waveforms, most fault types of the steel wire rope 1 are summarized, and the later-stage comparative analysis is convenient.
As a specific implementation manner of the method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator, the characteristic information comprises a peak value, a peak-to-peak value, a waveform width and an area under a waveform, and the type of the fault of the steel wire rope 1 can be accurately determined by comparing the above information. The damage form of the steel wire rope 1 is mostly outer layer broken wire, the final embodiment form of abrasion and corrosion faults is broken wire, signal characteristics are extracted from signals after noise elimination and smoothing treatment, the characteristic types comprise the diameter of the steel wire rope 1, the diameter of the steel wire, a peak value, a peak-peak value, waveform width and area under the waveform, a plurality of signal characteristics are selected to be more beneficial to accurately judging the broken wire faults of the steel wire rope 1, the extracted signal characteristics are compared with data characteristics of different broken wire degrees in a database, the broken wire degrees can be determined, the setting of the threshold value of the steel wire rope 1 is determined according to the diameter of the steel wire rope 1, a characteristic point of the broken wire exceeding the set threshold value is marked to send an early warning notice, the problem steel wire rope 1 is replaced in time, and the safe operation of an.
According to the invention, the obtained final signal can be subjected to improved ITD decomposition and slice bispectrum analysis, the improved ITD decomposition can be used for simulating the envelope curve of the signal by a Newton interpolation method, the Newton interpolation method can reduce the noise signal generated in the detection process of the steel wire rope 1, so that the identifiability of the signal is further improved, meanwhile, the slice bispectrum is used for carrying out spectrum analysis after the improved ITD decomposition, and the fault type generated by the steel wire rope 1 can be accurately judged by improving the ITD and the slice bispectrum because the waveform information of the signal generated by the fault types such as wire breakage, corrosion and the like is different and the corresponding frequency is also different, so that powerful data support is provided for detection personnel.
As a specific embodiment of the method for detecting a failure of a steel wire rope of a traction elevator provided by the present invention, the preset threshold is determined according to the diameter of the steel wire rope 1, and the threshold values of different diameters of the steel wire rope 1 are stored in the database, and can be flexibly and conveniently selected according to the diameter of the steel wire rope 1 on site.
The invention also provides an improved moving average method, which comprises the following steps:
continuously sampling N times, and respectively storing waveform data in corresponding arrays Xi[M](ii) (wherein i ═ 1,2, …, N);
a new sampling (i) is performed>N), i.e. Xi＝1[j]＝Xi[j](wherein i ═ 2,3, …, N), where XN[M]For storing the most recent primary waveform data value;
average value of N waveform data is obtained and stored in array X M]In, i.e.
(where j ═ 1,2,3, …, M);
and calculating a weighted average value according to the weighting coefficients of the arrays, namely:
calculating the variance S of adjacent signal levels2I.e. by
When S is2<1, considering the interval to be approximately stable, and determining the window size to be n; if S2>And 1, reducing the value of n until the interval is approximately stable or the value of n is reduced to 1.
The improved moving average method provided by the invention can reasonably restrain the signal background noise of different frequency bands and different time, the waveform signal obtained according to the obtained weighted average can better keep the natural frequency of the original signal and keep the true value, the filtering sensitivity is higher, the obtained weighted average X is obtained according to each array multiplied by the respective weighting coefficient, the condition that the effective waveform is filtered when the average is directly obtained is avoided, and the original characteristic of the signal can be more comprehensively shown.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting a fault of a steel wire rope of a traction type elevator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
installing a clamping device on the steel wire ropes, and performing excitation processing on the steel wire ropes through an excitation device;
collecting magnetic field information on the steel wire rope by using a detection device, and preprocessing the magnetic field information by using an amplifier and a collection board card to form a target signal;
respectively processing the target signal by using a wavelet method and an improved moving average value method, and summing and averaging signals determined by the two methods to obtain a final signal;
comparing the characteristic information of the final signal with a database in a LabView system, determining the fault type and the damage degree, recording the characteristic points exceeding a preset threshold value and early warning;
the improved moving average method comprises the following steps:
continuously sampling N times, and respectively storing waveform data in corresponding arrays Xi[M](ii) (wherein i ═ 1,2, …, N);
a new sampling (i) is performed>N), i.e. Xi＝1[j]＝Xi[j](wherein i ═ 2,3, …, N), where XN[M]For storing the most recent primary waveform data value;
average value of N waveform data is obtained and stored in array X M]In, i.e.
(where j ═ 1,2,3, …, M);
and calculating a weighted average value according to the weighting coefficients of the arrays, namely:
calculating the variance S of adjacent signal levels2I.e. by
When S is2<1, considering the interval to be approximately stable, and determining the window size to be n; if S2>And 1, reducing the value of n until the interval is approximately stable or the value of n is reduced to 1.
2. The method for detecting the failure of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator according to claim 1, wherein the clamping device comprises:
the fastener seat is provided with slots at two ends;
a plug matched with the slot is arranged at two ends of the fastener, and an accommodating cavity for accommodating the steel wire rope is formed between the fastener seat and the fastener; and
and the clamping pieces are symmetrically arranged in the accommodating cavity and are used for clamping the steel wire rope.
3. The method for detecting the failure of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the clamping member comprises:
one end of the supporting plate is fixed on the fastener seat and the inner wall of the fastener; and
the roller is hinged to the other end of the supporting plate, and a groove used for being abutted to the steel wire rope is formed in the peripheral surface of the roller.
4. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
the threaded columns are vertically fixed on the fastener seat and the outer wall of the fastener; and
the rotating sleeve is in threaded connection with the threaded column;
the clamping piece clamps the steel wire rope by means of the fastening force of the threaded column to the fastener seat and the fastener.
5. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excitation device comprises:
an annular magnetic conduction seat;
the permanent magnets are symmetrically distributed and have the same polarity, and the permanent magnets of different groups have opposite polarities; and
magnetizers which are corresponding to each permanent magnet one by one and are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of each permanent magnet;
the magnetizer excites the steel wire rope by means of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.
6. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the detecting device comprises:
the two PCB boards are positioned between the two groups of permanent magnets and are vertically inserted into the inner wall of the annular magnetic conduction seat, a plurality of grooves with the same specification are formed in the PCB boards side by side, and the two grooves are spliced to form a detection ring which is arranged around the periphery of the steel wire rope; and
and the Hall elements are uniformly distributed on the detection ring.
7. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 6, wherein the Hall element is electrically connected with the amplifier through an electrical element on the PCB.
8. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the type of the amplifier is LM 224.
9. The method for detecting the fault of the steel wire rope of the traction type elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wavelet is based on db10 wavelet.
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| CN110596197B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-08-19 | 日立电梯（中国）有限公司 | Connecting device for detecting steel rope in steel belt |
| CN110980471B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-12-01 | 界首市迅立达电梯有限公司 | Elevator hauler wire rope state early warning system based on thing networking |
| CN112225024A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-15 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Traction type elevator fault analysis method |
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| GB306232A (en) * | 1927-12-20 | 1929-02-21 | Thomas Frederick Wall | Electro-magnetic testing of steel wire ropes and other articles of magnetisable material |
| US6633159B1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2003-10-14 | Otis Elevator Company | Method and apparatus for magnetic detection of degradation of jacketed elevator rope |
| CN2612951Y (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-04-21 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Intelligent elevator wire rope detecting instrument |
| JP5648663B2 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-01-07 | センサ・システム株式会社 | Hardened hardened layer thickness inspection device and nickel plating film thickness inspection device |
| CN104458892B (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2018-01-02 | 厦门大学 | A kind of steel profile defect detecting device |
| CN205820603U (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-12-21 | 宿迁学院 | A kind of elevator dragging wire rope defect detecting system |
| CN106124613A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-16 | 北京工业大学 | Elevator wire rope fracture of wire based on radio network technique monitoring system |
| CN109490407B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-08-09 | 武汉瑞敏检测科技有限公司 | Nondestructive testing device for steel wire rope |
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