CN110195630B - Exhaust gas purification device - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110195630B CN110195630B CN201910110019.4A CN201910110019A CN110195630B CN 110195630 B CN110195630 B CN 110195630B CN 201910110019 A CN201910110019 A CN 201910110019A CN 110195630 B CN110195630 B CN 110195630B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- base material
- short
- case member
- contour
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2842—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for monolithic supports, e.g. of honeycomb type
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an exhaust gas purification device, which can avoid uneven surface pressure of a shell component caused by the circumferential position of a contour when the contour of a base material in a cross-sectional view is in a non-perfect circle shape. An exhaust gas purification device is characterized by comprising: a columnar base material (honeycomb carrier 10); a cylindrical case member (20) that houses the base material; and a gasket (30) provided between the base material and the case member so as to surround the outer periphery of the base material, wherein a contour (C1) of the base material in a cross-sectional view intersecting the central axis (X) is a non-perfect circle shape defining a short-Side Direction (SD) and a long-side direction (LD), the case member has a welded portion (23) formed by welding plate materials (metal plates 20a) surrounding the outer periphery of the gasket at both ends, and the welded portion and a folded portion (33) serving as a portion where both ends of the gasket are opposed are located on two sides of the contour that are opposed in the short-side direction, namely, a 1 st short-diameter portion (SD1) and a 2 nd short-diameter portion (SD2), respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus.
Background
Conventionally, an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine has a structure in which a columnar honeycomb carrier is accommodated in a cylindrical case member along the outer shape thereof. The honeycomb carrier is held within the case member by a packing interposed in a compressed state between the outer peripheral surface thereof and the inner surface of the case member. Such techniques are known: a metal plate is wound around the outer periphery of the gasket, and both ends are welded to form a cylindrical case member (see, for example, patent document 1).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. H2009-132156
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In the technique of patent document 1, a metal plate constituting a case member is fastened to an outer periphery of a honeycomb carrier wound with a gasket by using a wire rope or the like, and both ends thereof are welded to constitute a cylindrical case member. Thereby, the metal plate is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the honeycomb carrier around which the gasket is wound at a predetermined surface pressure.
However, in the technique of patent document 1, when a honeycomb carrier having a non-perfect circular outline in a cross-sectional view intersecting the center axis thereof is used as the honeycomb carrier, a difference occurs in the surface pressure of the case member between the portion of the outline corresponding to both ends in the longitudinal direction and the portion corresponding to both ends in the short direction. Further, since a fine gap is formed in a folded portion, which is a portion where both ends of the pad face each other, a difference in surface pressure is also generated between the portion where the folded portion is located and the other portion. Thus, if the surface pressure is not uniform, the honeycomb carrier may be loosened in the case, and the honeycomb carrier may be deformed with time.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus which includes a base material having a non-perfect circular outline in a cross-sectional view and which can avoid uneven surface pressure of a case member due to a circumferential position of the outline.
Means for solving the problems
(1) An exhaust gas purification device that is provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine and purifies exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas purification device comprising: a columnar substrate (for example, a honeycomb carrier 10 described later) on which an exhaust gas purifying catalyst is supported; a cylindrical case member (for example, a case member 20 described later) that houses the base material; and a packing (for example, a packing 30 described later) provided between the base material and the case member so as to surround an outer periphery of the base material, a contour (for example, a contour C1 described later) of the base material in a cross-sectional view intersecting a central axis (for example, a central axis X described later) being a non-perfect circle shape defining a short side direction (for example, a short side direction SD described later) and a long side direction (for example, a long side direction LD described later), the case member having a welded portion (for example, a welded portion 23 described later) formed by welding both ends of a plate material (for example, a metal plate 20a described later) surrounding the outer periphery of the packing, and folded portions (for example, folded portions 33 described later) as portions where the welded portion and both ends of the packing are opposed to each other being positioned on both sides of the contour facing in the short side direction, that is a 1 st short-diameter portion (for example, a 1 st short-diameter portion SD1 described later) and a 2 nd short-diameter portion (for example, a 2 nd short-diameter portion SD2 described later) ).
In the exhaust gas purifying device of the above (1), the welded portion of the case member surrounding the outer periphery of the gasket and the portions of the gasket surrounding the outer periphery of the base material where both ends are opposed, that is, the folded portions are located at the 1 st short diameter portion on one end side and the 2 nd short diameter portion on the other end side of both ends in the short side direction in the outline of the cross section of the base material in the non-perfect circle shape, respectively, and are opposed to each other. Here, when a base material having a non-perfect circular outline in a cross-sectional view is used, the surface pressure from the case member is lower in two sides facing in the short side direction, that is, the 1 st short side portion and the 2 nd short side portion, than in two sides facing in the long side direction, that is, the 1 st long diameter portion and the 2 nd long diameter portion. Therefore, in the present invention, the welded portion is provided on any one of the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions having a lower surface pressure from the case member than the 1 st and 2 nd long diameter portions. Since the weld bead is formed in the welded portion so as to protrude toward the base material side, the surface pressure of the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions on which the welded portion is provided is increased by the pressing force generated by the weld bead of the welded portion. Therefore, according to the present invention, the difference in surface pressure between the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions and the 1 st and 2 nd long diameter portions can be reduced. Further, as described above, a gap is formed at the fold, and therefore the surface pressure may be reduced compared to other portions. In contrast, in the present invention, the folded portion of the gasket is provided on the side of the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions where the welded portion is not provided. Thus, the base material is pressed by the bead of the welding portion toward the side where the folded portion having a reduced surface pressure is provided, and therefore, the surface pressure of the portion where the folded portion is provided can be increased. As described above, according to the present invention, in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus using the substrate having the non-perfect circular shape, the surface pressure unevenness of the case member due to the circumferential position of the contour can be avoided.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, in the exhaust gas purifying device using the base material having the profile in the non-perfect circular shape in the cross-sectional view, the surface pressure unevenness of the case member due to the circumferential position of the profile can be avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing process of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a substrate of the exhaust gas purifying device.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the substrate of the exhaust gas purification device in a direction intersecting the central axis.
Description of the reference symbols
C1: a contour;
LD 1: a 1 st long diameter part;
LD 2: a 2 nd long diameter part;
SD 1: a 1 st short diameter part;
SD 2: a 2 nd short diameter part;
1: an exhaust gas purification device;
10: a honeycomb carrier (substrate);
20: a housing component;
20 a: metal plates (plates);
23: welding the part;
30: a liner;
31. 32: an end portion;
33: and a folding part.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an exhaust gas purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a manufacturing process thereof, and fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a base material of the exhaust gas purifying device.
The exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 is provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, not shown, and purifies exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas purification device 1 includes: a honeycomb carrier 10 as a columnar substrate on which an exhaust gas purification catalyst is supported; a cylindrical case member 20 that accommodates the honeycomb carrier 10; and a gasket 30 provided between the honeycomb carrier 10 and the case member 20 so as to surround the outer periphery of the honeycomb carrier 10.
The honeycomb carrier 10 is a flow-through carrier as follows: the exhaust gas purification device has a plurality of cells extending from an inflow end surface 10a of exhaust gas to an outflow end surface 10b of exhaust gas and forming exhaust gas flow paths, and porous partition walls for partitioning and forming the cells. As the exhaust gas purifying catalyst supported by the partition walls of the honeycomb carrier 10, an oxidation catalyst, a three-way catalyst, an NOx storage catalyst, and the like are used. The exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 purifies exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine by the action of an exhaust gas purification catalyst supported by partition walls by circulating the exhaust gas through each cell of the honeycomb carrier 10. As a material of the honeycomb carrier 10, for example, cordierite, aluminum titanate, mullite, or the like is used.
In fig. 1, a process of surrounding the honeycomb carrier 10 with the gasket 30 interposed therebetween with the metal plate 20a serving as a plate material constituting the case member 20 is schematically shown. As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1 is manufactured as follows: a gasket 30 is wound around the outer periphery of the honeycomb carrier 10, a metal plate 20a is further wound around the outer periphery of the gasket 30, and one end portion 21 and the other end portion 22 of the metal plate 20a are butted and welded to form a cylindrical case member 20. By this welding, a linear welding portion 23 along the longitudinal direction is formed on the peripheral surface of the case member 20.
As shown in fig. 2, the honeycomb carrier 10 is a rigid body formed in a columnar shape as a whole, and its central axis X can be assumed. The shape and size of the cross section of the honeycomb carrier 10 perpendicular to the central axis X are constant from the inflow-side end face 10a to the outflow-side end face 10b of the exhaust gas.
The gasket 30 is made of ceramic fibers such as alumina fibers, silica fibers, alumina silicate fibers, and glass fibers having heat resistance, vibration resistance, sealing function, and vibration absorbing ability.
Next, the cross-sectional shape of the exhaust gas purifying device 1 will be described with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 in a direction intersecting the center axis X.
As shown in fig. 3, the outline C1 of the honeycomb carrier 10 in a cross-sectional view in a direction intersecting the central axis X (in this example, a perpendicular direction) is an oblong shape (so-called racetrack shape) defining the short side direction SD and the long side direction LD. Vertical arrow lines LD and SD drawn downward in fig. 3 conceptually indicate the longitudinal direction and the short-side direction of the non-perfect circle shape.
Hereinafter, a case will be described in which the outline C1 of the honeycomb carrier 10 in the cross-sectional view is an oblong shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. For the present invention, any shape can be applied as long as the shape of the outline of the honeycomb carrier in the cross-sectional view is a non-perfect circle shape defining the short side direction and the long side direction. Here, the non-perfect circular shape defining the short side direction and the long side direction is a shape in which a perfect circle is slightly flattened along the short side direction, and more specifically, in addition to the oblong shape shown in fig. 3, an elliptical shape, a rounded rectangle shape, an egg shape, and the like are exemplified.
In the contour C1, two opposing sides in the short direction SD are referred to as a 1 st short-diameter portion SD1 and a 2 nd short-diameter portion SD2, and two opposing sides in the long direction LD are referred to as a 1 st long-diameter portion LD1 and a 2 nd long-diameter portion LD 2. When the contour C1 has an oblong shape, as shown in fig. 3, the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions SD1 and SD2 are linear and parallel to each other, and the 1 st and 2 nd long diameter portions LD1 and LD2 are semicircular.
The case member 20 is formed with the above-described welded portion 23. The welded portion 23 is formed by butt-joining and welding the one end portion 21 and the other end portion 22 of the metal plate 20 a. Therefore, a bead 24 as a weld mark protruding toward the pad 30 side in a cross-sectional view is formed on the pad 30 side surface of the welded portion 23. In the case of such a housing member 20, the projection dimension of the weld bead 24 is, for example, 0.3mm or more.
The gasket 30 surrounds the honeycomb carrier 10 as shown. A portion of the pad 30 where the one end 31 is opposed to the other end 32 is a folded portion 33.
The welded portion 23 and the folded portion 33 described above have the following positional relationship. That is, the welded portion 23 is located at the 1 st short diameter portion SD1 of the contour C1, and the folded portion 33 is located at the 2 nd short diameter portion SD 2. As a result, the welded portion 23 and the folded portion 33 are located at positions facing each other across the honeycomb carrier 10.
According to the exhaust gas purification device 1 of the present embodiment, the following effects are exhibited.
In the exhaust gas purifying device 1 described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the contour C1 of the honeycomb carrier 10 surrounded by the gasket 30 has a shape having the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions SD1 and SD2 and the 1 st and 2 nd long diameter portions LD1 and LD 2. In this shape, in the conventional case, the surface pressure applied from the case member 20 to the outer periphery of the gasket 30 is larger in the 1 st and 2 nd long diameter portions LD1 and LD2 and relatively smaller in the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions SD1 and SD 2.
In contrast, in the exhaust gas purifying device 1 of the present embodiment, the welded portion 23 from which the bead 24 protrudes is located at the 1 st short diameter portion SD 1. Therefore, the surface pressure in the 1 st short diameter portion SD1 is increased by the bead 24 of the welded portion 23, and the deficiency thereof is compensated. That is, the surface pressure applied from the case member 20 to the outer periphery of the gasket 30 is increased by the pressing force generated by the bead 24 of the welded portion 23 compared to other portions of the case member 20. The degree of increase corresponds to the amount of projection of the weld bead 24.
Further, the honeycomb carrier 10 is displaced toward the 2 nd short diameter portion SD2 side in accordance with the amount of projection of the bead 24, and therefore the surface pressure on the 2 nd short diameter portion SD2 side increases. In the exhaust gas purifying device 1, the folded portion 33 is located at the 2 nd short diameter portion SD2, and therefore, the insufficient surface pressure that has conventionally occurred at the folded portion 33 where the surface pressure is decreased is compensated. As a result, the surface pressures of the case member 20 in the 1 st and 2 nd long diameter portions LD1 and LD2 and the surface pressures of the case member 20 in the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions SD1 and SD2 are balanced. That is, it is difficult for the surface pressure of the case member 20 to vary depending on the circumferential position in the non-perfect circular outline C1 of the base material cross section.
One embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the welded portion 23 and the folded portion 33 are provided at positions facing each other with the honeycomb carrier 10 interposed therebetween as shown in fig. 3 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The welded portion 23 and the folded portion 33 are not necessarily provided at positions facing each other across the honeycomb carrier 10, as long as they are located on the straight 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions SD1 and SD2, respectively.
For example, in the above embodiment, the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 is described as an example of an exhaust gas purification apparatus including a flow-through honeycomb carrier as a substrate, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention can also be applied to an exhaust gas purifying device including a honeycomb carrier of a wall flow type as a base material, that is, an exhaust gas purifying filter for trapping exhaust gas particulates in exhaust gas.
Claims (2)
1. An exhaust gas purification device which is provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine and purifies exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine,
the exhaust gas purification device is characterized by comprising:
a columnar substrate on which an exhaust gas purifying catalyst is supported;
a cylindrical case member that accommodates the base material; and
a gasket provided between the base material and the case member so as to surround an outer periphery of the base material,
the contour of the base material in a cross-sectional view intersecting the central axis is a non-perfect circle shape defining a short side direction and a long side direction,
the case member has a welded portion formed by welding at both ends a plate material surrounding an outer periphery of the gasket, a weld bead protruding toward the base material side is formed in the welded portion,
the welded portion and the folded portion that is a portion where both ends of the gasket face each other are located on two sides of the contour that face each other in the short side direction, that is, a 1 st short-diameter portion and a 2 nd short-diameter portion, respectively.
2. The exhaust gas purification apparatus according to claim 1,
the contour of the base material is an oblong shape, and the 1 st and 2 nd short diameter portions are linear shapes parallel to each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-033197 | 2018-02-27 | ||
| JP2018033197A JP2019148218A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | Exhaust emission control device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110195630A CN110195630A (en) | 2019-09-03 |
| CN110195630B true CN110195630B (en) | 2021-12-31 |
Family
ID=67751452
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910110019.4A Active CN110195630B (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2019-02-11 | Exhaust gas purification device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2019148218A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110195630B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1182007A (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-03-26 | Calsonic Corp | Catalytic converter for internal combustion engine |
| CN1459000A (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2003-11-26 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus |
| CN101426563A (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2009-05-06 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Method of making a catalytic converter for use in an internal combustion engine |
| DE102008014362A1 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-24 | Audi Ag | Bearing mat for catalyst carrier arrangement in motor vehicle, has recess, where sheeting density within thickness reduction range does not exceed upper sheeting density limit value and does not fall below lower sheeting density limit value |
| DE102012004918A1 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-12 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Honeycomb body for exhaust aftertreatment |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2798871B2 (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1998-09-17 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Ceramic honeycomb catalytic converter |
| US5909916A (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-06-08 | General Motors Corporation | Method of making a catalytic converter |
| JP2000034918A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-02-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Catalytic converter and manufacture thereof |
| JP3821975B2 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2006-09-13 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Gas flow path having a ceramic honeycomb structure |
| DE102005045492A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Honeycomb body for exhaust gas treatment of internal combustion engines of truck or bus, comprises two opposite faces comprising a housing and channels forming metallic layer |
-
2018
- 2018-02-27 JP JP2018033197A patent/JP2019148218A/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-02-11 CN CN201910110019.4A patent/CN110195630B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101426563A (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2009-05-06 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Method of making a catalytic converter for use in an internal combustion engine |
| JPH1182007A (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-03-26 | Calsonic Corp | Catalytic converter for internal combustion engine |
| CN1459000A (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2003-11-26 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus |
| DE102008014362A1 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-24 | Audi Ag | Bearing mat for catalyst carrier arrangement in motor vehicle, has recess, where sheeting density within thickness reduction range does not exceed upper sheeting density limit value and does not fall below lower sheeting density limit value |
| DE102012004918A1 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-12 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Honeycomb body for exhaust aftertreatment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2019148218A (en) | 2019-09-05 |
| CN110195630A (en) | 2019-09-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108854319B (en) | Honeycomb filter | |
| JP5917919B2 (en) | Support structure of honeycomb carrier | |
| KR100533894B1 (en) | Exhaust gas purification apparatus | |
| KR101234892B1 (en) | Honeycomb body having radially differently configured connecting points | |
| CN108854321B (en) | Honeycomb filter | |
| US10450913B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purifying device of internal combustion engine | |
| KR101283065B1 (en) | Honeycombed body with a connection free area | |
| CN110195630B (en) | Exhaust gas purification device | |
| JP5015017B2 (en) | Support structure for exhaust gas purification catalyst | |
| KR101369609B1 (en) | Honeycomb element with flexibility zones | |
| CN108854318B (en) | Honeycomb filter | |
| JP6634107B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification device | |
| JP6678691B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification device | |
| US10385745B2 (en) | Exhaust purifying device for internal combustion engine | |
| JP2019148219A (en) | Exhaust emission control device | |
| WO2018052611A1 (en) | Air intake system for engine | |
| US20100180560A1 (en) | Device for Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment | |
| JP6430446B2 (en) | Exhaust purification device | |
| JPH06254410A (en) | Catalyst carrier for exhaust emission control device | |
| JP6619467B2 (en) | Exhaust purification equipment | |
| JP2019078259A (en) | Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine | |
| CN112567118B (en) | Catalytic device | |
| CN110195627B (en) | Exhaust gas purification device | |
| CN108854320B (en) | Honeycomb filter | |
| JP4920341B2 (en) | Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |