CN110188514B - Method for analyzing unbalance of rotor caused by scale division error of rib plate of annular part of rotor - Google Patents
Method for analyzing unbalance of rotor caused by scale division error of rib plate of annular part of rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110188514B CN110188514B CN201910619560.8A CN201910619560A CN110188514B CN 110188514 B CN110188514 B CN 110188514B CN 201910619560 A CN201910619560 A CN 201910619560A CN 110188514 B CN110188514 B CN 110188514B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an analysis method for rotor unbalance caused by scale division errors of rib plates of a rotor annular part, which comprises the following steps: (1) Obtaining single rib indexing weldsThe rotor unbalance caused by connection error; (2) Determining the vector superposition grouping scheme of the unbalance amount of each rib plate; (3) Determining the position of the annular partiMaximum unbalance of block rib plate due to welding indexing error
Overlapping is carried out based on the principle of overlapping two-vector parallelograms, and the total maximum unbalance of the limit under the grouping scheme is calculated
(ii) a (4) The actual unbalance interval is determined by the rule that the welding indexing error of the ribbed plates of the annular parts accords with a random distribution function. The invention discloses the internal relation between the rib plate welding indexing error of the annular part and the unbalance of the rotor structure, and the method can reduce the rotor vibration caused by the machining error to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the machining economy so as to reduce the initial unbalance of a rotor system generated by machining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rotor dynamic mechanics, and particularly relates to an analysis method for structural unbalance caused by rib plate processing indexing errors of annular parts in a rotor system.
Background
The large-scale low-speed permanent magnet motors such as wind power generation direct drive motors, permanent magnet naval vessel propulsion motors and the like are required to have the characteristics of low vibration and low noise due to the particularity of the work of the permanent magnet motors, and the permanent magnet motors are developed in the directions of large scale, high power and the like along with the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of the requirements on the motors, so that the weight and the volume of the permanent magnet motors are also continuously increased. Because the permanent magnet motor annular part has the characteristics of large mass and large diameter, the rotor imbalance caused by the processing error and the assembly precision which are difficult to avoid in the manufacturing process is a main factor influencing the long-time stable operation of the permanent magnet motor. The annular parts are often reinforced with ribs to increase their strength and rigidity. The support rib plate is usually installed on the annular part in a welding mode, and machining indexing errors are inevitable. Meanwhile, the limit unbalance of the rotor is accurately calculated, whether the balance precision is met or not is judged, and reference can be provided for rotor design, so that technical support is provided for improving the reliability of the rotary machine.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an analysis method for the structural unbalance caused by the machining indexing error of the rib plate of the annular part, which can fundamentally control the unbalance amount of the rotor caused by the indexing error of the rib plate of the annular part.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: an analysis method for unbalance of a rotor caused by scale division errors of rib plates of a rotor annular part comprises the following steps:
(1) A single rib plate physical model is constructed to calculate the mass m of the single rib plate and calculate the distance r between the centroid of the single rib plate and the rotation center i Thereby obtaining the unbalance U of the single rib plate caused by the welding indexing error i Then, the limit indexing error of the ribbed plate is determined according to the machining process grade, and the maximum distance r between the center of mass of the ribbed plate and the rotation center is calculated, so that the maximum unbalance of the ribbed plate is obtained
The size is mr, and the direction is that the annular rotation center points to the center of mass of the ribbed plate;
(2) Aiming at even number of uniformly distributed rib plates and the maximum limit welding indexing error, dividing 2N rib plates into N pairs which are symmetrical about an X axis under an ideal state, wherein 2N is the total number of the rib plates on the annular part, and dividing the Y axis into a left group and a right group, wherein the included angle of each pair of rib plates positioned on the right side of the Y axis is 2 (alpha) i -θ)，α i Is an acute angle between the ith rib plate and the X axis, and the theta angle is the maximum deflection angle of the indexing of the rib plate relative to the ideal position caused by machining indexing error, namely, the angle is simultaneously formed on the basis of the rib plateInwardly or outwardly offset by a maximum theta angle; the included angle of each pair of rib plates positioned at the left side of the Y axis is 2 (alpha) i +θ)；
(3) According to the grouping scheme, the unbalance amount generated by each plate of 2N rib plates on the annular part is measured
Overlapping based on the principle of overlapping two-vector parallelogram to obtain the total maximum unbalance
(4) According to the rule that the welding indexing error of the ribbed plate of the annular part conforms to the random distribution function, the annular part is processed in a uniformly distributed mode to obtain the annular part
Close to the true value of the total maximum unbalance amount.
In the above method for analyzing the unbalance of the rotor caused by the indexing error of the rib plate of the annular component of the rotor, in the step (2), the indexing of the rib plate of an even number block is deflected by an angle theta or an arc length L relative to an ideal position due to the machining indexing error, and the angle theta and the arc length L are the maximum limit machining indexing error; the formula in which the arc length is converted into an angle is as follows:
θ＝arctan L/R；
wherein: r is the inner diameter of the annular part, and L is the arc length.
In the above method for analyzing the unbalance of the rotor caused by the indexing error of the rib plate of the annular part of the rotor, in the step (3), according to the grouping scheme, the unbalance of each rib plate is subjected to vector superposition based on the superposition principle of two vectors and parallelogram, and vectors in the same direction are subjected to scalar addition.
Wherein: u shape i Is the amount of imbalance caused by the individual rib i in each pair, when the rib is to the right of the Y axisIncluded angle of 2 (alpha) i - θ); when the rib is located at the left side of the Y axis, the included angle is 2 (alpha) i +θ)。；
Therefore, the structural limit unbalance interval of the annular part caused by the machining indexing error is obtained as
In an ideal state without machining indexing error, the annular parts are in a balanced state of uniform symmetrical distribution along the rotation center, and the unbalance amount is zero, that is to say
Therefore, the structural limit unbalance interval caused by the machining indexing error is
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a rib plate physical model, determining a grouping scheme by utilizing a vector superposition principle to obtain a maximum unbalance value generated by a rib plate indexing error of the annular part, further obtaining a limit unbalance value of the rib plate under the influence of a processing indexing error, and revealing an internal relation between the rib plate welding indexing error of the annular part and a rotor structure unbalance value; the designer can be guided to select the most appropriate machining error tolerance band according to the balance grade, so that the unbalance amount generated by the machining error can be controlled from the source; the invention can reduce the rotor vibration caused by the processing error to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the processing economy, so as to reduce the initial unbalance of the rotor system generated by processing and control the rotor vibration caused by the rib plate welding indexing error. The invention starts from the machining error, controls the vibration from the source, improves the machining precision and is beneficial to the selection and optimization of the rotor design scheme. Meanwhile, the welding processing technology of the ribbed plate of the annular part can be optimized according to the requirement of the vibration grade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring-shaped part.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rib of the annular part.
Fig. 4 is a simplified and grouped schematic diagram of the ring components.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the grouped vector combinations determined by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a vector diagram of the final unbalance amount.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1: the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) A single rib plate physical model is constructed to calculate the mass m of the single rib plate and calculate the distance r between the centroid of the single rib plate and the rotation center i Thereby obtaining the unbalance U of the single rib plate caused by the welding indexing error i ＝mr i Then, the limit indexing error of the ribbed plate is determined according to the machining process grade, and the maximum distance r between the center of mass of the ribbed plate and the rotation center is calculated, so that the maximum unbalance is obtained
The size is mr, and the direction is that the annular rotation center points to the center of mass of the ribbed plate;
(2) For even number of ribs distributed uniformly and the maximum limit welding indexing error, taking fig. 4 as an example, there are 10 (2 × 5) ribs on the annular part, which are divided into 5 pairs. The three pairs of the ribbed plate 1 and the ribbed plate 6, the ribbed plate 2 and the ribbed plate 5, and the ribbed plate 3 and the ribbed plate 4 are simultaneously shifted inwards by an angle theta, and the angle theta is the maximum limit machining indexing error; rib 8 and rib 9, and rib 7 and rib 10 are offset outwardly by an angle θ, with the dashed lines indicating the offset positions. And finally, the vectors are superposed to the positive direction of the X axis, and the unbalance of the rotor structure caused by the machining indexing error of the rib plate reaches the maximum value at the moment.
The indexing of even number of rib plates deflects theta angle or arc length L relative to the ideal position due to the machining indexing error, and the theta angle and the arc length L are the maximum limit machining indexing error; the formula in which the arc length is converted into an angle is as follows:
θ＝arctan L/R；
wherein: r is the inner diameter of the annular part, and L is the arc length.
(3) And the vectors of the unbalance quantities in each pair are superposed on the basis of a parallelogram rule to obtain the total unbalance quantity. Scalar addition is carried out on vectors in the same direction;
wherein U is i Is the amount of unbalance, alpha, caused by individual ribs in each pair i The angle theta is the maximum deflection angle of the graduation of the rib plate relative to the ideal position caused by machining graduation errors.
In an ideal state without machining indexing error, the annular part is in a balanced state, and the unbalance amount is zero, namely
The range of the limit unbalance amount of the structural vibration caused by the machining indexing error is obtained as
(4) According to the rule that the welding indexing error of the ribbed plate of the annular part basically accords with the random distribution function, the annular part is processed in a uniform distribution mode to obtain the welding indexing error
Close to the true value of the total maximum unbalance amount.
The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to an embodiment of a rib plate of an annular rotor support of a naval vessel propulsion permanent magnet motor.
Step 1: as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the rib is divided into two sides by the main supporting ring at the center of the bracket, and the rib at each side is 10 blocks. The patent provides an analysis method, so only calculate the unbalance amount that one side floor welding graduation error caused. The thickness of the ribbed plate is 20mm and the maximum lengthThe maximum width is 350mm, and the maximum distance from the center of mass position to the centre of rotation after the rib plate is shifted is r =355.5mm according to the constructed physical model. The mass of the rib plate is m =17.3kg, and the unbalance amount caused by the indexing welding error of a single rib plate
Therefore, the large-scale annular part has a large radius of gyration, and is the main reason for the large unbalance amount caused by the indexing error of the rib plate. The thickness of the rib plate can be neglected relative to other dimensions, so that the whole rib plate is considered as one surface when a rotor structure vibration mathematical model is constructed; the ribs are numbered, and then rib 1, rib 2, rib 3, rib 4, rib 5, and rib 6 are divided into three pairs of ribs, rib 1 and rib 6, rib 2 and rib 5, and rib 3 and rib 4, while the three pairs of ribs are labeled as a first group. The rib 7, the rib 8, the rib 9 and the rib 10 are divided into two pairs of ribs 8 and 9, and the two pairs of ribs 7 and 10 are marked as a second group. The maximum limit machining indexing error is 2mm, and the formula theta = arctan L/R is substituted to obtain theta =0.000056 degrees.
Step 2: the first set of ribs are simultaneously inwardly offset 0.000056 and the second set of ribs are simultaneously outwardly offset 0.000056. Finally, the vector is superposed to the positive direction of the X axis,
at the moment, the unbalance amount of the rotor structure caused by the machining indexing error of the rib plate reaches the maximum value. When the rib is welded at the ideal position without machining indexing error, the unbalance amount is zero, i.e. the rib is welded at the ideal position without machining indexing error
The obtained range of the ultimate unbalance amount is [0,0.1895 ]]. Because the machining indexing errors are randomly distributed, half of the machining indexing errors can meet the requirement on the basis of the limit, and the interval with the actual unbalance amount is [0,0.0948 ]]。
Claims (3)
1. An analysis method for unbalance of a rotor caused by scale division errors of rib plates of a rotor annular part comprises the following steps:
(1) A single rib plate physical model is constructed to calculate the mass m of the single rib plate and calculate the distance r between the centroid of the single rib plate and the rotation center i Thereby obtaining the unbalance U of the single rib plate caused by the welding indexing error i Then, the limit indexing error of the ribbed plate is determined according to the machining process grade, and the maximum distance r between the center of mass of the ribbed plate and the rotation center is calculated, so that the maximum unbalance of the ribbed plate is obtained
The size is mr, and the direction is that the annular rotation center points to the center of mass of the ribbed plate;
(2) Aiming at even number of uniformly distributed rib plates and the maximum limit welding indexing error, dividing 2N rib plates into N pairs which are symmetrical about an X axis under an ideal state, wherein 2N is the total number of the rib plates on the annular part, and dividing the Y axis into a left group and a right group, wherein the included angle of each pair of rib plates positioned on the right side of the Y axis is 2 (alpha) i -θ)，α i The angle theta is the maximum deflection angle of the indexing of the rib plate relative to an ideal position caused by machining indexing errors, namely the angle theta is the maximum angle of inward or outward deflection on the basis of the rib plate; the included angle of each pair of rib plates positioned at the left side of the Y axis is 2 (alpha) i +θ)；
(3) According to the grouping scheme, the unbalance amount generated by each plate of 2N rib plates on the annular part is measured
Overlapping based on the principle of overlapping two-vector parallelogram to obtain the total maximum unbalance
(4) According to the rule that the welding indexing error of the ribbed plate of the annular part conforms to the random distribution function, the annular part is processed in a uniformly distributed mode to obtain the annular part
Close to totalTrue value of the maximum unbalance amount.
2. The method for analyzing unbalance of a rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the index of the even number of rib plates is deviated from the ideal position by an angle θ or an arc length L due to the machining index error, and the angle θ and the arc length L are the maximum limit machining index errors; the formula in which the arc length is converted into an angle is as follows:
θ＝arctan L/R；
wherein: r is the inner diameter of the annular part, and L is the arc length.
3. The method for analyzing the unbalance amount of the rotor caused by the rib plate indexing error of the rotor annular part as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), according to the grouping scheme, the unbalance amount of each rib plate is vector-superposed based on the superposition principle of two vector parallelograms, and scalar addition is carried out on vectors in the same direction;
wherein U is i Is the amount of unbalance caused by a rib i of a single block in each pair of ribs, and when the ribs are positioned at the right side of the Y axis, the included angle is 2 (alpha) i - θ); when the rib is located at the left side of the Y axis, the included angle is 2 (alpha) i +θ)；
Therefore, the structural limit unbalance interval of the annular part caused by the machining indexing error is obtained as
In an ideal state without machining indexing error, the annular parts are in a balanced state of uniform symmetrical distribution along the rotation center, and the unbalance amount is zero, namely
Therefore, the structural limit unbalance interval caused by the machining indexing error is
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