CN110188423B - Linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method based on finite element meshing - Google Patents
Linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method based on finite element meshing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a finite element meshing-based rapid BIM (building information modeling) method for a linear engineering structure, which comprises the following steps of 1, setting a working environment; step 2, inputting design parameters; step 3, longitudinally cutting the structure; and 4, step 4: cutting the characteristic cross section; step 5, marking and drawing the control points on the longitudinal cutting surface at the most front end; step 6, marking and drawing control points on the next longitudinal sectioning surface; step 7, generating hexahedrons on the front and rear longitudinal cutting surfaces; step 8, generating a discontinuous component; and step 9: generating a structural entity; and step 10, outputting the model. The invention considers finite element analysis and mesh division from the parametric modeling process, establishes an entity in a mode of establishing points, lines and surfaces from low to high, can generate a complex geometric body with topological association relation, realizes seamless combination of parametric BIM modeling and finite element analysis, and performs high-quality finite element hexahedral mesh conversion. Can be suitable for all linear structures and has wider application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields related to engineering structure design and analysis and BIM technology, in particular to a rapid BIM modeling method for a linear engineering structure based on finite element meshing.
Background
The BIM software platform technology is a general three-dimensional modeling software platform, such as MicroStation, CATIA, Revit and the like, which can conveniently establish a structural three-dimensional model and carry out construction process and operation and maintenance management application based on relevant engineering information of model hanging connection.
Although the BIM software platform has strong graphic processing and modeling capabilities, the model cannot be seamlessly integrated with finite element analysis software, topological geometry relation errors often occur when the BIM model is introduced into the finite element software, the grid division quality is low, even the grids cannot be divided, and the like, so that the repeated use of one model cannot be realized.
The space finite element analysis technology is mature finite element analysis and simulation software, such as ANSYS, abaqus, Midas FEA and the like, and has a strong simulation analysis function and a strong post-processing function, but weak pre-processing modeling and grid processing.
The existing finite element simulation software has mature post-processing technology, but has low early-stage modeling efficiency, is difficult to divide high-quality hexahedral meshes for complex structures, and needs a lot of time.
Three-dimensional parametric modeling techniques, such as ANSYS APDL script modeling, CATIA, Dynamo parametric modeling techniques, may build three-dimensional parametric models for structural characteristics.
The three-dimensional parametric modeling is generally designed according to the design and use requirements of the structure, the numerical analysis requirements cannot be considered, and the three-dimensional parametric modeling cannot form a universal method because different linear structure types need to be redefined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method based on finite element meshing, which considers finite element analysis and meshing from a parametric modeling process, establishes an entity in a mode of establishing points, lines and surfaces from low to high, can generate a complex geometric body with topological incidence relation, realizes seamless combination of parametric BIM modeling and finite element analysis, and performs high-quality finite element hexahedral mesh conversion. Can be suitable for all linear structures and has wider application range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method based on finite element meshing comprises the following steps.
And 4, step 4: the characteristic cross section is cut, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 41, selecting a reference cross section: selecting one of the longitudinal split planes established in step 33 as a reference cross section; the number of curve change inflection points on the reference cross section is not less than that on other longitudinal section planes.
Step 42, drawing a characteristic cross section: traversing other longitudinal sectioning surfaces except the reference cross section, and calling a curve change inflection point which appears in any other longitudinal sectioning surface but does not appear on the reference cross section as a supplementary inflection point; and respectively carrying out coordinate positioning on all the supplementary inflection points, drawing all the supplementary inflection points subjected to coordinate positioning on the reference cross section, and correcting the graphic structure of the reference cross section to form the characteristic cross section.
Step 43, feature cross section segmentation: and performing regularized quadrilateral segmentation on the feature cross section drawn in the step 42, so that the feature cross section consists of a plurality of regular quadrilaterals.
Step 44, control point marking and coordinate positioning: in step 43, each corner point of each regular quadrangle is a control point, which forms m control points, and performs serial number labeling and coordinate positioning on the m control points.
And 5, marking and drawing the control points on the longitudinal cutting surface at the most front end: and (3) calculating corresponding coordinates of the m control points formed in the step (44) on the longitudinal cutting surface positioned at the most front end according to the structural design parameters input in the step (2) to label and draw the positions.
And 6, marking and drawing the control points on the next longitudinal sectioning surface: and (3) calculating corresponding coordinates of the m control points formed in the step (44) on the next longitudinal cutting surface positioned behind the longitudinal cutting surface at the forefront end according to the structural design parameters input in the step (2) to perform position marking and drawing.
And 7, generating a hexahedron on the front and rear longitudinal cutting surfaces: connecting the four control points of the regular quadrangle on the longitudinal splitting surface at the forefront end in the step 5 with the four control points of the corresponding regular quadrangle on the next longitudinal splitting surface in the step 6 in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form a hexahedron; until all hexahedrons between the most forward longitudinal slicing surface and the next longitudinal slicing surface in step 6 are generated.
And step 9: and (3) generating a structural entity: and (6) repeating the step 6 to the step 8, sequentially establishing a hexahedron between two adjacent longitudinal cutting surfaces, and generating a structural entity.
and (5) outputting a mode I, performing segmented Boolean summation according to engineering requirements on the structural entity generated in the step 9, and outputting the required BIM.
And a second output mode, namely, carrying out mapping mesh subdivision on the structural entity generated in the step 9 and outputting a finite element mesh model.
Further comprising step 11, changing: and when the linear engineering is changed, automatically operating the step 2 to the step 10 to realize automatic correction and updating.
The classification information in step 1 includes structural material, layer or color characteristics and component classification to which the information belongs.
The non-continuous elements comprise diaphragms or stiffeners of the bridge.
In step 32, adding longitudinal splitting points between two adjacent longitudinal splitting points as required to form encrypted longitudinal splitting points; in step 33, a longitudinal slicing plane is established at each longitudinal slicing point and each encrypted longitudinal slicing point.
The longitudinal cutting plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis or a plane forming an included angle with the axis or a regularized non-plane according to requirements.
In step 43, the minimum angle in each regular quadrilateral is not less than 15 °.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. finite element analysis and mesh division are considered from the aspect of parametric modeling process, and entities are established in a mode that points, lines and surfaces are established from low to high, so that a complex geometric body with a topological incidence relation can be generated. Because the model is cut into basic hexahedrons and the topological relation among all the entities is clear, data conversion can be conveniently carried out between the model platform and the finite element software, and the identification error caused by complex geometric entity conversion is avoided, thereby realizing the seamless combination of the parameterized BIM modeling and the finite element analysis.
2. And carrying out high-quality finite element hexahedral unit mesh transformation of the complex engineering structure. The traditional automatic finite element meshing can only be divided into tetrahedral units aiming at a complex geometry, so that the number of the units and nodes is greatly increased, and the calculation efficiency and the calculation precision are low; the invention is also a semi-automatic meshing method for linear engineering structures, which carries out meshing in the modeling process instead of the traditional mesh segmentation after modeling is finished, thereby saving a large amount of manual hexahedral mesh processing work of finite element engineers and avoiding the meshing failure.
3. The method is suitable for all linear engineering structures such as road engineering, bridge engineering (girder bridge, arch bridge arch ring, pier stud and the like), tunnel engineering, river engineering and the like, and has a wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method based on finite element meshing.
Fig. 2 shows two embodiments of longitudinal splitting of the structure.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a third embodiment of the longitudinal splitting of the structure.
Fig. 4-1 shows a cut-away schematic of the reference cross-section.
Fig. 4-2 shows a schematic view of the division of one longitudinal division plane other than the reference transverse plane.
Fig. 4-3 show a schematic structural view of a cross section of a feature drawn after correction.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the arch bridge arch ring structural entity after modeling is completed.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the box girder structural entity after the modeling is completed.
FIG. 7 shows the BIM model output corresponding to the structural entity of FIG. 6.
Fig. 8 shows the output finite element mesh model corresponding to the structural entity of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, that "first", "second", etc. do not represent the degree of importance of the parts, "longitudinal" means the direction along the axis, and "transverse" means the direction perpendicular to the axis, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the present example are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for rapid BIM modeling of a linear engineering structure based on finite element meshing includes the following steps.
The classification information includes characteristics of the linear structure, such as material, layer, color, and the like, and component classification (i.e., giving information to the geometric model), and may also be set according to the actual situation in a block-by-block manner in the modeling process.
The structural size parameters comprise a structural size longitudinal change inflection point, a longitudinal chamfer position, a cross beam position and the like, such as a beam height or bottom plate thickness change curve of a bridge, a chamfer size, a structural widening position and size, a local thickening position and size and the like. Batch calculations or inputs may be made from the spreadsheet and stored in an array or matrix form.
And 3, longitudinally cutting the structure, comprising the following steps.
According to the needs, the longitudinal cutting surface has the following three modes:
1. a plane perpendicular to the axis, such as plane a-a shown in fig. 2.
2. The plane forming an angle with the axis, such as the plane B-B shown in FIG. 2.
3. A regularized non-planar surface, such as the C-C plane shown in fig. 3. In fig. 3, the left end of the present application is treated as a modeling object, and the right end is treated as a modeling object.
And 4, step 4: the longitudinal cutting plane is used for cutting, and the method comprises the following steps.
Step 41, selecting a reference cross section: selecting one of the longitudinal split planes established in step 33 as a reference cross section; the number of curve change inflection points on the reference cross section is not less than that on other longitudinal section planes.
As shown in fig. 4-1 and 4-2, the number of inflection points of the curve change in fig. 4-1 is greater than that in fig. 4-2, so that fig. 4-1 is selected as the reference cross-section.
Step 42, drawing a characteristic cross section: traversing the other longitudinal sections except the reference cross section, and referring to the curve change inflection point which appears in any one of the other longitudinal sections but does not appear on the reference cross section as a supplementary inflection point.
In fig. 4-2, we find that the inflection point 14 does not appear in fig. 4-1, so the inflection point 14 is taken as a supplementary inflection point.
And respectively carrying out coordinate positioning on all the supplementary inflection points, drawing all the supplementary inflection points subjected to coordinate positioning on the reference cross section, and correcting the graphic structure of the reference cross section to form the characteristic cross section.
Such as by supplementing supplemental inflection point 14 in fig. 4-1 and modifying fig. 4-1 to obtain a characteristic cross section as shown in fig. 4-3.
Step 43, feature cross section segmentation: and performing regularized quadrilateral segmentation on the feature cross section drawn in the step 42, so that the feature cross section consists of a plurality of regular quadrilaterals. Wherein the smallest angle in each regular quadrilateral is preferably not smaller than 15 °.
Step 44, control point marking and coordinate positioning: in step 43, each corner point of each regular quadrangle is a control point, which forms m control points, and sequence number labeling and coordinate positioning are performed on the m control points.
The position marking mode of each control point is as follows: and (3) setting a working coordinate system to the characteristic cross section, calculating coordinates according to the parameters determined in the step (2), labeling control points, and numbering the control points. As shown in fig. 4-3, a schematic diagram of a characteristic cross section of a bridge box girder is shown, in the characteristic cross section of the bridge box girder, 21 regular quadrangles are divided to form 40 control points, that is, m =40, specifically, see numbers 1-40, wherein two adjacent regular quadrangles share one side.
And 5, marking and drawing the control points on the longitudinal cutting surface at the most front end: and (3) calculating corresponding coordinates of the m control points formed in the step (44) on the longitudinal cutting surface positioned at the most front end according to the structural design parameters input in the step (2) to label and draw the positions.
And the control point marks the attention point, and the working coordinate system needs to be moved to the foremost longitudinal splitting surface and keeps consistent with the plane of the foremost longitudinal splitting surface.
And 6, marking and drawing the control points on the next longitudinal sectioning surface: and (3) calculating corresponding coordinates of the m control points formed in the step (44) on the next longitudinal cutting surface positioned behind the longitudinal cutting surface at the forefront end according to the structural design parameters input in the step (2) to perform position marking and drawing.
And 7, generating a hexahedron on the front and rear longitudinal cutting surfaces: connecting the four control points of the regular quadrangle on the longitudinal splitting surface at the forefront end in the step 5 with the four control points of the corresponding regular quadrangle on the next longitudinal splitting surface in the step 6 in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form a hexahedron; until all hexahedrons between the most forward longitudinal slicing surface and the next longitudinal slicing surface in step 6 are generated.
And in the process of generating the hexahedron, corresponding non-geometric attributes are given according to the working environment set in the step 1.
And step 9: and (3) generating a structural entity: and (5) repeating the steps 6 to 8, sequentially establishing a hexahedron between two adjacent longitudinal cutting surfaces, and generating a structural entity, as shown in fig. 5.
and (5) outputting a mode I, performing segmented Boolean summation according to engineering requirements on the structural entity generated in the step 9, and outputting the required BIM. If a segment of the structural entity shown in fig. 6 in fig. 5 is cut, the output BIM model is shown in fig. 7.
And a second output mode, namely, carrying out mapping mesh subdivision on the structural entity generated in the step 9, outputting a finite element mesh model, and carrying out subsequent finite element analysis. If a section of the structural entity shown in fig. 6 in fig. 5 is cut, the output finite element mesh model is shown in fig. 8.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method based on finite element meshing is characterized in that:
step 1, setting a working environment: setting a working space of a modeling software platform, and preparing classification information required to be used;
step 2, inputting design parameters: the input design parameters comprise design axis parameters of linear engineering, structure size parameters, arrangement parameters of non-continuous members and segmentation parameters of a construction process; the structural size parameters comprise a longitudinal change inflection point, a longitudinal chamfer position and a cross beam position of the structural size; the sectional parameters of the construction process comprise sectional pouring parameters and construction joint positions;
step 3, longitudinally cutting the structure, comprising the following steps:
step 31, axis establishment: establishing an axis in a modeling software platform according to the design axis parameters of the linear engineering input in the step 2;
step 32, marking the positions of the longitudinal cutting points: marking the intersection point position of each structure size longitudinal change inflection point, the longitudinal chamfer position, the cross beam position and the construction joint position input in the step 2 and the axis established in the step 31 in a modeling software platform, wherein each marking point is a longitudinal dividing point;
step 33, establishing a longitudinal splitting plane: establishing a longitudinal splitting surface at each longitudinal splitting point according to the structural size parameters and the segmentation parameters of the construction process input in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: the characteristic cross section is cut, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 41, selecting a reference cross section: selecting one of the longitudinal split planes established in step 33 as a reference cross section; the number of curve change inflection points on the reference cross section is not less than that on other longitudinal sectioning surfaces;
step 42, drawing a characteristic cross section: traversing other longitudinal sectioning surfaces except the reference cross section, and calling a curve change inflection point which appears in any other longitudinal sectioning surface but does not appear on the reference cross section as a supplementary inflection point; respectively carrying out coordinate positioning on all supplementary inflection points, drawing all the supplementary inflection points subjected to coordinate positioning on a reference cross section, and correcting the graphic structure of the reference cross section to form a characteristic cross section;
step 43, feature cross section segmentation: carrying out regularized quadrilateral segmentation on the characteristic cross section drawn in the step 42, so that the characteristic cross section consists of a plurality of regular quadrilaterals;
step 44, control point marking and coordinate positioning: in step 43, each corner point of each regular quadrangle is a control point, which forms m control points, and serial number labeling and coordinate positioning are performed on the m control points;
and 5, marking and drawing the control points on the longitudinal cutting surface at the most front end: calculating corresponding coordinates of the m control points formed in the step 44 on a longitudinal cutting surface positioned at the most front end according to the structural design parameters input in the step 2, and performing position marking and drawing;
and 6, marking and drawing the control points on the next longitudinal sectioning surface: calculating corresponding coordinates of the m control points formed in the step 44 on the next longitudinal splitting surface positioned behind the longitudinal splitting surface at the foremost end according to the structural design parameters input in the step 2, and carrying out position marking and drawing;
and 7, generating a hexahedron on the front and rear longitudinal cutting surfaces: connecting the four control points of the regular quadrangle on the longitudinal splitting surface at the forefront in the step 5 with the four control points of the corresponding regular quadrangle on the next longitudinal splitting surface in the step 6 in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form a hexahedron; until all hexahedrons between the longitudinal splitting surface at the forefront end and the next longitudinal splitting surface in the step 6 are generated;
step 8, generating a discontinuous component: judging whether the rear position of the hexahedron generated in the step 7 is the layout position of the discontinuous members or not according to the layout parameters of the discontinuous members input in the step 2, and if so, drawing and generating the discontinuous members;
and step 9: and (3) generating a structural entity: repeating the steps 6 to 8, sequentially establishing a hexahedron between two adjacent longitudinal cutting surfaces, and generating a structural entity;
step 10, outputting the model, and outputting the following two modes according to the design requirement:
outputting a first mode, namely performing segmented Boolean summation on the structural entity generated in the step 9 according to engineering requirements, and outputting a required BIM (building information modeling);
outputting a mode II, namely performing mapping mesh subdivision on the structural entity generated in the step 9 and outputting a finite element mesh model;
step 11, changing: and when the linear engineering is changed, automatically operating the step 2 to the step 10 to realize automatic correction and updating.
2. The finite element meshing-based linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: the classification information in step 1 includes structural material, layer or color characteristics and component classification to which the information belongs.
3. The finite element meshing-based linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: the non-continuous elements comprise diaphragms or stiffeners of the bridge.
4. The finite element meshing-based linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 32, adding longitudinal splitting points between two adjacent longitudinal splitting points as required to form encrypted longitudinal splitting points; in step 33, a longitudinal slicing plane is established at each longitudinal slicing point and each encrypted longitudinal slicing point.
5. The finite element meshing-based linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal cutting plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis or a plane forming an included angle with the axis or a regularized non-plane according to requirements.
6. The finite element meshing-based linear engineering structure rapid BIM modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 43, the minimum angle in each regular quadrilateral is not less than 15 °.
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