CN110187442B - CVB channel demultiplexing system and method and multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system - Google Patents

CVB channel demultiplexing system and method and multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system Download PDF

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CN110187442B
CN110187442B CN201910279392.2A CN201910279392A CN110187442B CN 110187442 B CN110187442 B CN 110187442B CN 201910279392 A CN201910279392 A CN 201910279392A CN 110187442 B CN110187442 B CN 110187442B
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light spots
lens
cvb
arc
shaped light
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CN110187442A (en
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雷霆
方浚丞
谢振威
袁小聪
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Shenzhen University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0905—Dividing and/or superposing multiple light beams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
    • H04B10/25891—Transmission components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/2912—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data transmission, and discloses a CVB channel demultiplexing system, a method and a multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system, wherein the CVB channel demultiplexing system comprises a fan-out optical geometric transformation device and a lens group; the fan-out optical geometry transformation device comprises a replication unpacker and a phase corrector; the lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens and a cylindrical lens; the replication unpacker, the first lens, the phase corrector, the second lens and the cylindrical lens are sequentially arranged; and outputting the processed demultiplexing result through the cylindrical lens, and coupling the demultiplexing result with the optical fiber array, wherein the distance of the demultiplexing result is the same as that of the optical fiber array. The invention can separate the cylindrical vector beams of adjacent orders, so that the fan-out optical geometric variable energy conversion high-precision de-multiplexing CVB channel can be realized.

Description

CVB channel demultiplexing system and method and multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data transmission, in particular to a CVB channel demultiplexing system and method and a multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system.
Background
Over the past few decades, a breakthrough in a range of technologies has led to an increase in fiber capacity at a rate of about 10 times per four years. Thus, fiber optic transmission technology has heretofore been able to meet exponentially increasing capacity demands. However, with the rise of mobile internet, cloud computing, and 5G technologies, etc., in recent years, ultra-large IT facilities such as large data centers and super computers have become hot spots for the increase of the total amount of information and the density of information as information gathering places. Statistics show that the internet data volume follows an increase rate of about 60% per year. Based on this trend, it is generally accepted that the total amount of social information is expected to increase by 2-4 orders of magnitude in the next 10-30 years. While the single-mode fiber is limited by shannon limit, theoretically, the maximum channel capacity of a single fiber capable of transmitting is 100Tbit/s, and the capacity requirement of the big data era cannot be met. Space-division multiplexing (SDM) enables the same optical wave signal to be reused in different spaces, which can effectively increase the capacity of the optical fiber channel and is expected to break through the limit of the capacity of the optical fiber channel. Space division multiplexing has been reported as early as 1979, and until the development of manufacturing processes and the increase in channel capacity demand in recent years, there has been increasing interest. Developments in these manufacturing processes include improvements in fiber structures and improvements in fiber lasers, allowing these developments to make better use of the spatial domain. In order to meet the increasing capacity demand of data centers, a new technology must be found to meet the short-distance, high-capacity and low-delay data interconnection among chips, motherboards and devices in large-scale IT facilities. Spatial multiplexing can also be achieved by multiplexing means using spatially orthogonal modes, which are not only orthogonal to each other between different modes, but also in a conventional multiplexing manner such as: time division multiplexing, polarization multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, etc. These mutually orthogonal modes can be represented by a variety of modes, for example: orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), Cylindrical Vector Beams (CVBs), and the like. The cylindrical vector beam is used as an eigenmode of the optical fiber, has the characteristic of stable transmission in the optical fiber and is very suitable for transmission in the optical fiber. It can greatly raise channel capacity of optical fibre on the premise of not expanding system bandwidth.
When the cylindrical vector light beams are used for transmitting information in a multiplexing mode, the cylindrical vector light beams of different orders are used for different channels to transmit information. These channels are spatially overlapped, so that when the information of the cylindrical vector beam is received by the receiving end, the information needs to be demodulated from different channels. At present, the anisotropic optical geometric transformation can realize the high-efficiency demultiplexing of cylindrical vector beams, so that the cylindrical vector beams of different orders are converged into strip-shaped light spots at different positions, and the strip-shaped light spots are coupled into optical fibers to realize information transmission. However, the method for demultiplexing the cylindrical vector beams through the anisotropic optical geometric transformation can only separate the cylindrical vector beams spaced by more than 3 orders, and if the cylindrical vector beams spaced by less than 3 orders are overlapped in the demultiplexing result, the separation cannot be realized, so that the communication multiplexing system cannot use the cylindrical vector beams spaced by small orders, and the demultiplexing result of the anisotropic optical geometric transformation is a long-strip-shaped light spot which is not matched with the optical fiber, so that most capacity of the optical fiber coupling is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a CVB channel demultiplexing system, a method and a multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system, which are used for solving the problem that cylindrical vector beams of adjacent orders cannot be separated in demultiplexing.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a CVB channel demultiplexing system, including a fan-out optical geometry transformation device and a lens group;
the fan-out optical geometry transformation device comprises a replica unpacker and a phase corrector;
the lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens and a cylindrical lens;
the replication unpacker, the first lens, the phase corrector, the second lens, and the cylindrical lens are arranged in sequence;
the replication unpacking device is used for unfolding N target cylindrical vector light beams CVB to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots, each group of arc-shaped light spots is mirror-symmetrical, and the M groups of arc-shaped light spots are made to enter the first lens, wherein N is a positive integer, and the target CVB is CVB with coaxial annular light intensity distribution of different orders;
m is a positive odd number, M is the number of arc-shaped light spots formed by the target CVB through the copying unpacker, and the value of M is determined by the design parameters of the copying unpacker;
the first lens is used for unfolding M groups of arc-shaped light spots into M groups of arc-shaped light spots at the focus of the first lens, and the arc-shaped light spots in each group are parallel to each other;
the phase corrector is used for correcting the M groups of arc-shaped light spots to obtain M groups of rectangular light spots, wherein each group of rectangular light spots are parallel to each other, and the M groups of rectangular light spots are made to be incident into the second lens;
the second lens is used for focusing and converging the M groups of rectangular light spots into N strip-shaped light spots;
the cylindrical lens is used for compressing the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots and coupling the N circular light spots into a 1 xN optical fiber array, wherein the pitch of the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 xN optical fiber array.
With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the phase corrector is located at a focal point of the first lens;
the cylindrical lens is located at the 9/10 focal length of the second lens;
the replication unpacker is located at an object focus of the first lens;
the phase corrector is positioned at an image-side focal point of the first lens;
the optical fiber array is positioned at the focus of the cylindrical lens;
the cylindrical lens focal length is 1/10 times the second lens focal length.
With reference to the first implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, in a second implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the replication unpacker is further configured to:
cutting the N targets CVB open to form M arc-shaped light spots;
respectively copying M arc-shaped light spots to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots;
and M groups of the circular arc-shaped light spots are incident into the first lens.
With reference to the second implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the directions of the N sets of circular arc-shaped spots that are vertically symmetric and cut by the duplication unpacking device are opposite.
In a fourth implementation form of the first aspect of the invention in combination with the first aspect of the invention, the fan-out optical geometry transforming device comprises an anisotropic liquid crystal material.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a CVB channel demultiplexing method, which is applied to the CVB channel demultiplexing system of the first aspect, and the method includes:
expanding N target CVBs (composite light-emitting diodes) through the copying unpacking device to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots, wherein each group of arc-shaped light spots are mirror-symmetrical and are made to enter the first lens, N is a positive integer, and the target CVBs are CVBs with different orders and coaxial annular light intensity distribution;
m is a positive odd number, M is the number of arc-shaped light spots formed by the target CVB through the copying unpacker, and the value of M is determined by the design parameters of the copying unpacker;
unfolding M groups of the arc-shaped light spots into M groups of arc-shaped light spots at the focus of the first lens through the first lens, wherein each group of the arc-shaped light spots are parallel to each other;
correcting M groups of arc-shaped light spots through the phase corrector to obtain M groups of rectangular light spots, wherein each group of rectangular light spots are parallel to each other, and the M groups of rectangular light spots are made to be incident into the second lens;
focusing and converging the M groups of rectangular light spots into N strip-shaped light spots through the second lens;
compressing the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots through the cylindrical lens, and coupling the N circular light spots into a 1 × N optical fiber array, wherein the pitch of the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 × N optical fiber array.
With reference to the second aspect of the present invention, in a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the expanding N target CVBs by the replication unpackager to form M groups of circular arc-shaped spots, each group of circular arc-shaped spots being mirror-symmetric and the M groups of circular arc-shaped spots being incident on the first lens includes:
cutting N CVBs, and unfolding M annularly distributed CVBs to form M arc-shaped light spots;
respectively copying M arc-shaped light spots to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots;
and M groups of the circular arc-shaped light spots are incident into the first lens.
With reference to the first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, in a second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the directions of the N sets of circular arc-shaped spots that are vertically symmetrical and are cut by the replication unpacking device are opposite.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system, including a CVB channel multiplexing system and the CVB channel demultiplexing system of the first aspect;
the CVB channel multiplexing system includes: the device comprises a laser, a one-to-two optical fiber coupler, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a collimating head, a vortex wave plate and a beam splitter;
the laser is used for generating a laser beam;
the one-to-two optical fiber coupler is used for dividing one optical fiber signal into two paths;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used for amplifying the laser beam;
the quasi-finger head is used for collimating the amplified laser beam;
the vortex wave plate is used for generating N different-order CVBs (composite video B), wherein N is a positive integer, and the target CVB is a CVB with different-order coaxial annular light intensity distribution;
the beam splitter is used for combining the N CVBs into coaxial CVBs and irradiating the N coaxial CVBs into the replication unpacker;
and the CVB channel demultiplexing system demultiplexes the N coaxial CVBs and couples the demultiplexing result into a 1 xN optical fiber array.
The embodiment of the invention provides a CVB channel demultiplexing system, which receives N target CVBs through a copy unpacker and spreads the target CVBs into M groups of arc-shaped light spots, wherein the arc-shaped light spots of adjacent-order CVBs are obviously separated, so that coaxial CVBs with the separation distance smaller than 3 orders can be separated, the problem of light beam overlapping in demultiplexing is avoided, the CVBs are spread and then enter a lens group for demultiplexing in the form of the arc-shaped light spots, the N coaxial CVBs with different orders can be demultiplexed at the same time, the effects of multiplexing a multiplex signal and demultiplexing the multiplex signal at the same time are realized, and the higher energy utilization rate is realized; then, the second lens outputs demultiplexing results, namely N strip-shaped light spots, and the cylindrical lens compresses the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots, so that when the N strip-shaped light spots are coupled into a 1 XN optical fiber array, the space between the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 XN optical fiber array, adjacent stages of CVBs can be effectively separated, the number of CVB multiplexing channels is effectively increased, the CVB demultiplexing results are matched with optical fibers, the loss of optical fiber coupling is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a CVB channel demultiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diffraction diagram of a CVB of an on-axis annular light intensity distribution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 1 st-order target CVB plus polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a coherent light interferogram of a replica unpacker according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an expansion process of a third-order target CVB through a replication unpacker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first-order object CVB fully extended at the focal point of the first lens by the replication unpacker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of coherent light interference of a phase corrector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the 1 to 4 th order on-axis CVB demultiplexing result provided by the first embodiment of the present invention focused by the second lens;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circular light spot formed by focusing a 1-4-order coaxial CVB demultiplexing result by a cylindrical lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an image under a microscope of an optical fiber array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a CVB channel demultiplexing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-channel coaxial CVB communication system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a CVB channel demultiplexing system 100, which includes a fanout optical geometry transformation device 10 and a lens group 20;
the fan-out optical geometry transformation device 10 comprises a replica unpacker 11 and a phase corrector 12.
The lens group 20 includes a first lens 21, a second lens 22, and a cylindrical lens 23.
In the embodiment of the invention, the materials of the optical geometry device are all made of anisotropic liquid crystal materials, namely, the replication unpacking device and the phase corrector are all made of anisotropic liquid crystal materials. Since the liquid crystal material has a geometric phase, the replica unpacker also has a geometric phase. The geometrical phase of the liquid crystal material is expressed by a Jones matrix as follows:
Figure BDA0002021163730000071
where Q represents a matrix of the geometric phase of the liquid crystal material and α is the phase of the liquid crystal material orientation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the positional relationship of each part of the CVB channel demultiplexing system 100 is as follows:
the replication unpacker 11, the first lens 21, the phase corrector 12, the second lens 22 and the cylindrical lens 23 are sequentially arranged, and N target CVBs sequentially pass through the components to be demultiplexed; the target CVB is a CVB of coaxial annular light intensity distribution of different orders, and the cylindrical lens couples the processed demultiplexing result into the optical fiber array 24.
In a specific application, the expansion and correction of the N target CVBs are realized by setting the positions of the phase corrector, the first lens and the second lens.
In one embodiment, the phase corrector is located at the focal point of the first lens; the cylindrical lens is located at the 9/10 focal length of the second lens; the replication unpacker is positioned at the object focus of the first lens; the phase corrector is positioned at the image space focal point of the first lens; the optical fiber array is positioned at the focus of the cylindrical lens; the cylindrical lens focal length is 1/10 times the focal length of the second lens.
The replication unpacking device and the phase corrector are respectively positioned at an object space focus and an image space focus of the first lens, so that N coaxial CVBs with different orders can be fully unfolded, M groups of arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down are obtained, and N long strip-shaped light spots formed after demultiplexing are better arranged in parallel.
It should be noted that the replication unpacker may also be located in the local range of the object focus of the first lens, the phase corrector may also be located in the local range of the image focus of the first lens, the position of the second lens is not limited, the cylindrical lens is located at 9/10 of the focal length of the second lens, and the fiber array is located at the focal point of the cylindrical lens.
Taking the example that the replication unpacker parameter M is equal to 3, the working principle of the CVB channel demultiplexing system provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the replication unpacking device, the first lens, the phase corrector and the second lens are sequentially placed, the replication unpacking device expands 3 groups of circular arc-shaped light spots which are formed by expanding N coaxial CVBs and are symmetrical up and down to enter the first lens, the first lens further expands the 3 groups of circular arc-shaped light spots which are symmetrical up and down to completely expand the focal point of the first lens to form 3 groups of circular arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down, the phase corrector is positioned at the focal point of the first lens and can correct the 3 groups of circular arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down to form 3 groups of rectangular light spots which are parallel up and down, then the 3 groups of rectangular light spots which are parallel up and down are entered into the second lens, the second lens focuses the 3 groups of rectangular light spots which are parallel up and down to form N strip-shaped light spots which are parallel to each other, a cylindrical lens is placed at the position 9/10 of the focal length of the second lens, and the focal length of the cylindrical lens is 1/10 of the second, the cylindrical lens compresses the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots, the strip-shaped light spots of the CVBs of adjacent orders have a certain interval, and the interval of the circular light spots is controlled through the interval of the strip-shaped light spots so that the circular light spots can be matched with the interval of the optical fiber array.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the replication unpackager 11 is configured to expand N target CVBs to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots, each group of arc-shaped light spots is mirror-symmetric, and the M groups of arc-shaped light spots are incident on the first lens, where M is the number of arc-shaped light spots formed by the target CVBs passing through the replication unpackager and is determined by design parameters of the replication unpackager, M is a positive odd number, and N is a positive integer.
In specific application, the target CVB is a coaxial annular light intensity distribution CVB with different orders, and has the characteristics of coaxial, multi-order and annular distribution.
As shown in fig. 2, the diffraction pattern of the CVB of the coaxial annular light intensity distribution is a far-field diffraction pattern of the CVB of the coaxial annular light intensity distribution is a plurality of concentric ring bright spots, the CVB of the coaxial annular light intensity distribution is formed by overlapping and expanding a plurality of concentric rings, the larger the order, the larger the radius of the rings, the larger the order, the higher the radius of the rings, the order of the CVB of the coaxial annular light intensity distribution may be 1 order or multiple orders, and the polarization distributions of the CVBs of the coaxial annular light intensity distributions of different orders are different.
Since a split phenomenon occurs after one polarizer is added to the CVB of the on-axis annular light intensity distribution, for example, referring to fig. 3, a target CVB of 1 st order after the polarizer is added is split into two lobes, the number of the split lobes is twice the order and rotates with the polarizer, and the order of the CVB of the on-axis annular light intensity distribution is negative and is positive when the CVB rotates in the same direction as the polarizer.
It should be noted that the N CVB channels respectively correspond to N CVBs of different orders, the N CVB channels are spatially overlapped, and light beams, which are irradiated on the replica unpacker, of the N CVB channels formed by the N concentric rings are the N coaxial CVBs of different orders. The CVB is a light beam with cylindrical symmetric polarization distribution, the singularity of the CVB is caused by the polarization distribution, and the specific formula of the CVB is represented by a Jones matrix as follows:
Figure BDA0002021163730000091
wherein m represents the order of the cylindrical vector beam, the value range of m is all integer values,
Figure BDA0002021163730000092
denotes the azimuth angle phi0Indicating the initial phase. By means of matrices
Figure BDA0002021163730000093
Represents right-hand circular polarization;
Figure BDA0002021163730000094
representing left-hand circular polarization, the CVB can be decomposed into orbital angular momenta of two topologically oppositely charged left-hand and right-hand circular polarizations.
According to the Jones matrix, the CVB is divided into orbital angular momentum of left-handed circular polarization and orbital angular momentum of right-handed circular polarization, and the expression of the Jones matrix of the two angular momenta is as follows:
Figure BDA0002021163730000095
Figure BDA0002021163730000096
LCP and RCP respectively represent orbital angular momentum of left-hand circular polarization and orbital angular momentum of right-hand circular polarization, and m is the order of CVB.
In one embodiment, the replication unpacker 11 may further be configured to:
cutting N targets CVB, and unfolding the targets to form M arc-shaped light spots;
respectively copying M arc-shaped light spots to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots;
m is the number of parts of the target CVB which form the arc-shaped light spots through the copying unpacking device and is determined by the design parameters of the copying unpacking device, wherein M is a positive odd number;
and enabling M groups of circular arc-shaped light spots to be incident into the first lens.
Therefore, the copying unpacking device can not only unfold the target CVB into vertically symmetrical circular arcs, but also copy the target CVB into M parts of completely consistent light spots, so that three groups of vertically symmetrical circular arc light spots are arranged in parallel; and the process of the copy unpacker expanding the CVB is a gradual expansion process.
In one embodiment, the replication unpackager cuts out the N target CVBs in opposite directions to spread them out to form M arc-shaped spots.
In a specific application, when the CVB is incident to the replica unpacker, the orbital angular momentum of the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization interact with the geometric phase, which can be expressed by the following formula:
M(x,y)ELCP＝E0M(x,y)[1；j]＝E0ej2α(x,y)[1；-j]＝ej2α(x,y)ERCP；
M(x,y)ERCP＝E0M(x,y)[1；-j]＝E0e-j2α(x,y)[1；j]＝e-j2α(x,y)ELCP；
wherein, alpha is the phase of the orientation of the liquid crystal material, the left-handed circularly polarized light becomes right-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the geometric phase, the right-handed circularly polarized light becomes left-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the geometric phase, and the interaction results in that the phases of the interaction are opposite, so that the spreading directions of the annular light spots of the upper part and the lower part are opposite.
The specific values of the phases of the orientations of the liquid crystal materials in the replica unpacker are as follows:
Figure BDA0002021163730000101
wherein, α1To replicate the phase of the orientation in the unpacker, λ is the wavelength 1550nm, f is the focal length of the first lens 200mm,d is the maximum width of CVB after being expanded by a copy unpacker, d is 8mm, the constant of b is 2mm, M is the copy number, M is equal to 3, theta is the fan-out angle, gmIs the tuning parameter, 2.65718.
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention further exemplarily shows a coherent light interference pattern of the replica unpacker.
As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention further exemplarily shows the third-order target CVB unfolding process through the replica unpacking machine, that is, the third-order coaxial ring-distributed CVB unfolding process through the replica unpacking machine; the three-order coaxial annularly distributed CVB is interacted with the geometric phase of the copying unpacking device, the copying unpacking device expands the CVB, the first lens is finally expanded to form three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are symmetrical up and down, the first lens further expands the three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are symmetrical up and down, three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down are formed at the focus of the first lens, and the copying unpacking device and the first lens are matched to fully expand the three-order coaxial annularly distributed CVB to form three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first lens 21 is configured to spread M groups of circular-arc-shaped light spots at a focal point of the first lens into M groups of arc-shaped light spots, where each group of arc-shaped light spots are parallel to each other.
As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention further exemplarily shows that the first-order object CVB is completely unfolded in the first lens by the replica unpacker, and it can be seen that the upper and lower portions of the arc-shaped light spots are opposite in phase, and the upper and lower arc-shaped light spots are also parallel and symmetrical.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase corrector 12 is configured to correct M groups of arc-shaped light spots to obtain M groups of rectangular light spots, where each group of rectangular light spots are parallel to each other, and the M groups of rectangular light spots are incident on the second lens.
As shown in fig. 7, still taking the third-order coaxial annular CVB as an example, the embodiment of the present invention further exemplarily shows a coherent light interference pattern of the phase corrector, and it can be seen that the phase corrector has an arc-shaped phase which is symmetric up and down and corresponds to an arc-shaped light spot where the CVB is fully spread. The phase corrector corrects three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down into three groups of rectangular light spots which are parallel up and down, wherein the mathematical expression of the phase corrector is as follows:
Figure BDA0002021163730000111
wherein, α2The phase corrector has the same parameter values as the replica unpacker for the phase of the phase corrector orientation. M being the number of copies of the spot, here for example M equals 3, the same parameter values include the value of lambda, the value of f, the value of a, the value of b,
Figure BDA0002021163730000112
to compensate for phase, when m is-1, 0, 1
Figure BDA0002021163730000113
Is composed of
Figure BDA0002021163730000114
In the embodiment of the present invention, the second lens 22 is used for focusing and converging the M groups of rectangular light spots into N strip-shaped light spots.
In specific application, after the coaxial CVBs with different orders are focused and converged into strip-shaped light spots, certain intervals are reserved between the strip-shaped light spots of adjacent orders.
In a specific application, the larger the CVB order, the farther the strip-shaped light spot formed by demultiplexing is from the middle light spot.
In the embodiment of the invention, taking three-order coaxial annular distributed CVBs as an example, three groups of rectangular light spots parallel to each other are converged into a long strip-shaped light spot after passing through the second lens. Because the gradient phases of the strip-shaped light spots converged by the CVBs of different orders are different, N long strip-shaped light spots formed after N channels are obtained and demultiplexed are arranged in parallel, the focusing position of the strip-shaped light spots is determined by the gradient phase, and the mathematical expression of the gradient phase is as follows:
Figure BDA0002021163730000121
m is the order of CVB, f2Is the focal length of the second lens, tmThe larger the order is, the larger the gradient phase is, and the farther the position of the formed strip-shaped light spot is from the central position, so that the size of the CVB order can be distinguished through the position of the strip-shaped light spot.
In the embodiment of the invention, the replication unpackager also adds the fan-out angle theta, so that the separation distance of the strip-shaped light spots is larger, and the optimized parameters enable CVBs of adjacent orders to be separated.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical lens 23 is used for compressing the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots and coupling the N circular light spots into the 1 × N optical fiber array, wherein the pitch of the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 × N optical fiber array.
In specific application, the N circular light spots are the final demultiplexing result of the embodiment of the invention, and the space between the N circular light spots is the same as that between the N circular light spots and the optical fiber array, so that the coupling degree between the CVB and the optical fiber array is enhanced, and the coupling loss is reduced.
As shown in fig. 8, the embodiment of the present invention further exemplarily shows a graph of the demultiplexing result of-2, -1, 1, 2-order coaxial CVB. It can be seen that different channels are reduced to stripe-shaped spots, and the larger the order, the farther from the center, the CVBs of adjacent orders can be separated.
In practical application, in order to realize the simultaneous demultiplexing of multiple paths, the finally demultiplexed light spots are simultaneously coupled into an optical fiber array, the distance between adjacent optical fibers in the optical fiber array is 127 micrometers, and the second lens f is tested through experiments2Has a focal length of 150mm, the pitch of the adjacent strip-shaped light spots just meets the pitch of 127 micrometers, so that f2The focal length is 150 mm. The coupling of the strip-shaped spot into the fiber is also very low and in order to efficiently use the energy of the spot we compress the strip-shaped spot into a circular shape similar to the fiber, so placing a cylindrical lens with a focal length of 15mm at 9/10 of the focal length of the second lens can compress the strip-shaped spot into a circular spot.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the embodiment of the present invention also exemplarily shows a bar-shaped light spot of-2, -1, 1, 2, a schematic diagram compressed into a circular light spot through a cylindrical lens, and a picture of a fiber array taken under a microscope. It can be seen that the shape and pitch of the circular spots just meet the pitch of the optical fiber array.
The CVB channel demultiplexing system provided by the embodiment of the invention receives N target CVBs through the replication and unpacking device and unfolds the N target CVBs into M groups of arc-shaped light spots, and because the circular light spots demultiplexed by adjacent orders of the CVBs are obviously separated, coaxial CVBs with the separation distance smaller than 3 orders can be separated, so that the problem of light beam overlapping in demultiplexing is avoided, and the CVBs are unfolded and then enter a lens group for demultiplexing in the form of the arc-shaped light spots, so that the N coaxial CVBs with different orders can be demultiplexed at the same time, the effects of multiplexing multi-path signals and demultiplexing the multi-path signals at the same time are realized, and the energy utilization rate is higher; then, the second lens outputs demultiplexing results, namely N strip-shaped light spots, and the cylindrical lens compresses the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots, so that when the N strip-shaped light spots are coupled into a 1 XN optical fiber array, the space between the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 XN optical fiber array, adjacent stages of CVBs can be effectively separated, the number of CVB multiplexing channels is effectively increased, the CVB demultiplexing results are matched with optical fibers, the loss of optical fiber coupling is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 11, an embodiment of the present invention provides a CVB channel demultiplexing method, which is applied to the CVB channel demultiplexing system provided in the first embodiment, and the method includes:
s101, unfolding N target CVBs through the copying unpacking device to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots, wherein each group of arc-shaped light spots is mirror-symmetrical, and enabling N groups of arc-shaped light spots to enter a first lens, wherein N is a positive integer.
S102, unfolding M groups of arc-shaped light spots into M groups of arc-shaped light spots at the focus of the first lens through the first lens, wherein the arc-shaped light spots are parallel to each other.
S103, correcting the M groups of arc-shaped light spots through the phase corrector to obtain M groups of rectangular light spots, wherein each group of rectangular light spots are parallel to each other, and the M groups of rectangular light spots are made to be incident into the second lens.
S104, focusing and converging the M groups of rectangular light spots into N strip-shaped light spots through the second lens.
S105, compressing the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots through the cylindrical lens, and coupling the N circular light spots into a 1 × N optical fiber array, wherein the pitch of the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 × N optical fiber array.
In a specific application, the spreading and correction of the N target CVBs are realized by setting the positions of the phase corrector, the first lens and the second lens.
In one embodiment, the phase corrector is located at the focal point of the first lens; the cylindrical lens is located at the 9/10 focal length of the second lens; the replication unpacker is located at an object focus of the first lens; the phase corrector is positioned at an image-side focal point of the first lens; the cylindrical lens focal length is 1/10 times the second lens focal length.
In a specific application, the replica unpacker and the phase corrector are respectively located at an object side focal point and an image side focal point of the first lens, the phase corrector is located between the first lens and the second lens, the cylindrical lens is located at a focal length 9/10 of the second lens, and the optical fiber array is located at a focal point of the cylindrical lens.
The replication unpacking device and the phase corrector are respectively positioned at the object space focus and the image space focus of the first lens, so that N coaxial CVBs with different orders can be fully unfolded, three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down are obtained, and N long strip-shaped light spots formed after demultiplexing are better arranged in parallel.
It should be noted that the replication unpacker may also be located in the local range of the object focus of the first lens, the phase corrector may also be located in the local range of the image focus of the first lens, the position of the second lens is not limited, the cylindrical lens is located at 9/10 of the focal length of the second lens, and the fiber array is located at the focal point of the cylindrical lens.
In one embodiment, unfolding, by the replication unpackager, the N target CVBs into M groups of circular arc-shaped light spots, each group of circular arc-shaped light spots being mirror-symmetric and having the M groups of circular arc-shaped light spots incident into the first lens includes:
cutting N CVBs, and unfolding the N CVBs in annular distribution to form M arc-shaped light spots;
respectively copying M arc-shaped light spots to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots;
and N groups of the circular arc-shaped light spots are incident into the first lens.
Therefore, the copying unpacking device can not only unfold the target CVB into vertically symmetrical circular arcs, but also copy two identical light spots, so that three groups of vertically symmetrical circular arc light spots are arranged in parallel; and the process of the copy unpacker expanding the CVB is a gradual expansion process.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 12, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-path coaxial CVB communication system 200, including: a CVB channel multiplexing system 30 and a CVB channel demultiplexing system 100 as provided in the first embodiment, wherein the CVB channel multiplexing system 30 comprises: the device comprises a laser 31, a one-to-two optical fiber coupler 32, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 33, a collimating head 34, a vortex sheet 35 and a beam splitter 36.
The system 1 for demultiplexing CVB channels comprises a fanout optical geometry including a replica unpacker 11 and a phase corrector 12, a lens assembly including a first lens 21, a second lens 22 and a cylindrical lens 23, and an optical fiber array as in the first embodiment.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser for generating a laser beam;
the one-to-two optical fiber coupler is used for dividing one optical fiber signal into two paths;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used for amplifying the laser beam;
the quasi-finger head is used for collimating the amplified laser beam;
the vortex wave plate is used for generating N different-order CVBs (composite video B), wherein N is a positive integer, and the target CVB is the CVB of the coaxial annular light intensity distribution of different orders;
the beam splitter is used for synthesizing the N CVBs into coaxial CVBs and irradiating the N coaxial CVBs into the replication unpacker;
the CVB channel demultiplexing system demultiplexes the N coaxial CVBs and couples the demultiplexing results into a 1 XN fiber array.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the multiplexing process of the CVB channel multiplexing system 30 generating the CVB is as follows:
the output optical signal of the laser is divided into two paths of signals through a one-to-two optical fiber coupler, the two paths of signals are respectively amplified through two erbium-doped optical fiber amplifiers and then divided into 4 paths of signals through the two-to-one optical fiber coupler, the 4 paths of signals are transmitted for a distance through optical fibers with different lengths to obtain related 4 paths of signals, the related 4 paths of signals are output by an optical fiber collimating head and then are output by a vortex sheet to generate CVB, and the 4 paths of CVB channels are combined into a coaxial CVB channel through a beam splitter. And then the 4-path coaxial CVB channel is aligned with the replica unpacker.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the process of demultiplexing the CVB by the CVB channel demultiplexing system 100 is as follows:
and the copying unpacker expands the coaxial CVB synthesized by the 4 paths of coaxial CVB channels into three groups of arc-shaped light spots which are parallel up and down, so that the phase corrector corrects the arc-shaped light spots into three groups of rectangular light spots which are parallel up and down, the rectangular light spots are focused and converged into long strip-shaped light spots by the second lens, the cylindrical lens is placed at the focal length 9/10 of the second lens to compress the long strip-shaped light spots into circular light spots, and the circular light spots are coupled to the optical fiber array.
In one embodiment, the replication unpackager cuts out the N target CVBs in opposite directions to spread them out to form M arc-shaped spots.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In view of the above description of the multi-path coaxial CVB communication system, the demultiplexing method and the system provided by the present invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are variations in the specific implementation and application scope according to the concepts of the embodiments of the present invention, and in summary, the contents of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A CVB channel demultiplexing system, comprising a fan-out optical geometry transformation device and a lens group;
the fan-out optical geometry transformation device comprises a replica unpacker and a phase corrector;
the lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens and a cylindrical lens;
the replication unpacker, the first lens, the phase corrector, the second lens, and the cylindrical lens are arranged in sequence;
the copying unpacking device is used for cutting N channels formed by N target cylindrical vector light beams CVB, expanding the channels to form M arc-shaped light spots, respectively copying the M arc-shaped light spots, expanding the arc-shaped light spots to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots, wherein each group of arc-shaped light spots is mirror-symmetrical, and the M groups of arc-shaped light spots are incident into the first lens, N is a positive integer, and the target CVB is a coaxial annular light intensity distributed CVB of different orders;
m is a positive odd number, M is the number of arc-shaped light spots formed by the target CVB through the copying unpacking device, and the value of M is determined by the design parameters of the copying unpacking device;
the first lens is used for unfolding M groups of arc-shaped light spots into M groups of arc-shaped light spots at the focus of the first lens, and the arc-shaped light spots in each group are parallel to each other;
the phase corrector is used for correcting the M groups of arc-shaped light spots to obtain M groups of rectangular light spots, wherein each group of rectangular light spots are parallel to each other, and the M groups of rectangular light spots are made to be incident into the second lens;
the second lens is used for focusing and converging the M groups of rectangular light spots into N strip-shaped light spots;
the cylindrical lens is used for compressing the N strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots and coupling the N circular light spots into a 1 xN optical fiber array, wherein the pitch of the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 xN optical fiber array.
2. The CVB channel demultiplexing system according to claim 1, wherein said phase corrector is located at the focal point of said first lens;
the cylindrical lens is located at the 9/10 focal length of the second lens;
the replication unpacker is located at an object focus of the first lens;
the phase corrector is positioned at an image-side focal point of the first lens;
the optical fiber array is positioned at the focus of the cylindrical lens;
the cylindrical lens focal length is 1/10 times the second lens focal length.
3. The CVB channel demultiplexing system according to claim 2, wherein said replica unpackager cuts M sets of said circular arc shaped spots symmetrically up and down in opposite directions.
4. The CVB channel demultiplexing system according to claim 1, wherein said fan-out optical geometry transforming device comprises anisotropic liquid crystal material.
5. A CVB channel demultiplexing method, characterized in that it is applied in the CVB channel demultiplexing system according to any of claims 1 to 4, said method comprising:
expanding N target CVBs (composite light-emitting diodes) through the copying unpacking device to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots, wherein each group of arc-shaped light spots are mirror-symmetrical and are made to enter the first lens, N is a positive integer, and the target CVBs are CVBs with different orders and coaxial annular light intensity distribution;
m is a positive odd number, M is the number of arc-shaped light spots formed by the target CVB through the copying unpacking device, and the value of M is determined by the design parameters of the copying unpacking device;
unfolding M groups of the arc-shaped light spots into M groups of arc-shaped light spots at the focus of the first lens through the first lens, wherein each group of the arc-shaped light spots are parallel to each other;
correcting M groups of arc-shaped light spots through the phase corrector to obtain M groups of rectangular light spots, wherein each group of rectangular light spots are parallel to each other, and the M groups of rectangular light spots are made to be incident into the second lens;
focusing and converging the M groups of rectangular light spots into N strip-shaped light spots through the second lens;
compressing the M strip-shaped light spots into N circular light spots through the cylindrical lens, and coupling the N circular light spots into a 1 × N optical fiber array, wherein the pitch of the N circular light spots is the same as that of the 1 × N optical fiber array.
6. The CVB channel demultiplexing method according to claim 5, wherein the unfolding, by said replica unpackager, N target CVBs into M groups of circular arc shaped spots, each group of circular arc shaped spots being mirror symmetric and having M groups of said circular arc shaped spots incident into said first lens comprises:
cutting N CVBs, and unfolding the N CVBs in annular distribution to form M arc-shaped light spots;
respectively copying M arc-shaped light spots to form M groups of arc-shaped light spots;
and M groups of the circular arc-shaped light spots are incident into the first lens.
7. The CVB channel demultiplexing method according to claim 6, wherein said replica unpackager cuts M sets of said circular arc shaped spots in upper and lower symmetry in opposite directions.
8. A multi-lane coaxial CVB communication system comprising a CVB channel multiplexing system and a CVB channel demultiplexing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the CVB channel multiplexing system includes: the device comprises a laser, a one-to-two optical fiber coupler, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a collimating head, a vortex wave plate and a beam splitter;
the laser is used for generating a laser beam;
the one-to-two optical fiber coupler is used for dividing one optical fiber signal into two paths;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used for amplifying the laser beam;
the collimation head is used for collimating and outputting the laser beam in the optical fiber to a free space;
the vortex wave plate is used for generating N different-order CVB channels, wherein N is a positive integer, and the target CVB is the CVB with different-order coaxial annular light intensity distribution;
the beam splitter is used for synthesizing the N CVB channels into a coaxial CVB and irradiating the N coaxial CVBs into the copy unpacker;
and the CVB channel demultiplexing system demultiplexes the N coaxial CVBs and couples the demultiplexing result into a 1 xN optical fiber array.
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