CN110187072A - A kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model - Google Patents
A kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model, it is related to a kind of method of water quality evaluation, the present invention uses the methods of water environment quality assessment that degree of membership is determined based on approach degree model for the first time, and fully considered the status of regional water environment index to be evaluated, the weight of each evaluation index is calculated based on water quality reaching standard situation.It is evaluation index with reference to the surface water environment matter standard elementary item in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen, quality of water environment is divided into 5 grades according to water environment quality standard, evaluation criterion value chooses the standard limited value of each index in water environment quality standard.This method considers the exceeded situation of evaluation index, comprehensively considers the water environment situation of each point to be evaluated, while this method is structurally reasonable and clear concept, flexible and convenient, is beneficial to be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of water environment quality assessment, more particularly to a kind of water environment based on exchange premium degree model
Quality evaluating method.
Background technique
Water resource is human being's production and develops indispensable natural resources, is played in people's daily life important
Effect, and the river as water resource important component, situation directly affect the water safety of resident.But with economy
Development, while people increase water demand, more and more industry, agricultural and sanitary wastewater are discharged into river, are made
It obtains water contamination accident to take place frequently, quality of water environment constantly declines, or even has jeopardized the health of people.Therefore, it is necessary to right
Quality of water environment carries out evaluation, accurately to assess water quality condition and its pollution level, and on the basis of water quality evaluation
Upper development countermeasure and Improving Measurements research provide basis to improve quality of water environment and environmental management level.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model, the present invention is one
Kind refers to water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002), the status for considering regional water environment index to be evaluated, avoids artificially
The evaluation method of the scientific evaluation quality of water environment based on approach degree of disturbing factor.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model, the method includes with water environment quality standard
(GB3838-2002) 21 kinds of elementary items are evaluation index in the surface water environment matter standard in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen,
And the standard limited value for choosing each index in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) is water quality evaluation index body
Quality of water environment is divided into 5 grades by water environment quality standard by the evaluation criterion value of system；Using overproof water quality situation as base
Plinth constructs index weights, selects the water standard grade compared according to regional actual conditions to be evaluated, is with three-level water standard
Example, the weight of the evaluation index more more than the point of three-level water standard are bigger；
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1: the foundation of assessment indicator system and the determination of evaluation criterion:
With the surface water environment matter standard in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen
In 21 kinds of elementary items be evaluation index, and choose the standard of each index in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002)
Limit value is the evaluation criterion value of water quality evaluation index system, and quality of water environment is divided by water environment quality standard
5 grades；
Step 2: the determination of evaluation criterion weight:
Index weights are constructed based on overproof water quality situation, select the water standard compared according to regional actual conditions to be evaluated
Grade；Step 3: carrying out water quality evaluation using the method based on exchange premium degree model:
(1) sample matrix is established, virtual " optimum point " or " most not good enough " is constructed；
(2) sample matrix R is established；
(4) each distance of the sample point away from " optimum point ", " most bad point " is calculated；
(5) approach degree of each sample point and standard value point is calculated；
(6) water quality evaluation.
A kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model, using being based on exchange premium in the step 3
The method for spending model carries out water quality evaluation, calculates distance of each sample point away from " optimum point ", " most bad point ", each to calculate
The distance between a sample point and standard value point and the optimum point of building, most bad point, calculate each sample point further according to the result
With the approach degree of standard value point.
A kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model, using being based on exchange premium in the step 3
The method for spending model carries out water quality evaluation, water quality evaluation, for the quality of water environment grade for determining evaluation point.
The advantages and effects of the present invention are:
The present invention uses the methods of water environment quality assessment that degree of membership is determined based on approach degree model for the first time, and fully considered to
The status for evaluating regional water environment index, calculates the weight of each evaluation index based on water quality reaching standard situation.This evaluation side
Method refers to water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002), it is determined that assessment indicator system and evaluation criterion, appraisement system are complete
Whole science.This method considers the exceeded situation of evaluation index, comprehensively considers the water environment situation of each point to be evaluated, while the party
Method is structurally reasonable, and clear concept, flexible and convenient, can be promoted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is methods of water environment quality assessment flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail for illustrated embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Methods of water environment quality assessment of the invention includes the following steps:
Step 1: the foundation of assessment indicator system and the determination of evaluation criterion:
With the surface water environment matter standard in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen
In 21 kinds of elementary items be evaluation index, and choose the standard of each index in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002)
Limit value is the evaluation criterion value of water quality evaluation index system, and quality of water environment is divided by water environment quality standard
5 grades, water quality evaluation index and each classification standard value are shown in Table 1.
1 water quality evaluation index of table and each classification standard value (mg/L)
Step 2: the determination of evaluation criterion weight:
Index weights are constructed based on overproof water quality situation, select the water standard compared according to regional actual conditions to be evaluated
Grade.By taking three-level water standard as an example, the weight of the evaluation index more more than the point of three-level water standard is bigger.Specific meter
Calculation process is as follows: the value for counting each point evaluation index i first is more than the number of III Standard value, is denoted as
；Secondly, taking, the weight of last evaluation index i。
Step 3: carrying out water quality evaluation using the method based on exchange premium degree model:
(1) sample matrix is established, virtual " optimum point " or " most not good enough " is constructed
Assuming that quality of water environment monitoring point digit is m-1,For monitoring site,(m=1,2,3,
It 4,5) is the standard value point of Pyatyi quality of water environment grade.
By m-1 monitoring pointAn and standard value point21 evaluation indexes,
Constitute initial matrix:
WhereinIt is i-th of monitoring pointJ-th of evaluation index quantized value, i ∈ (1,2 ... m-1), j ∈ (1,2 ...,
21),It is j-th of index value of standard value.
(2) sample matrix R is established
It enables
Matrix (1) is normalized, sample matrix R is established:
In formula,For sample point to be optimized.
(3) optimum point and most bad point are constructed
The evaluation index of this evaluation method is negative sense index, i.e. index value is bigger, and water quality is poorer, therefore, after sample is comprehensive most
Advantage should be the minimum value meeting point of each index, and most bad point is then the maximum value meeting point of each index, it may be assumed that
Optimum point:
Most bad point:
The optimum point of building, most bad pointFor river sampling period to be evaluated, quality of water environment extreme situation (best, worst)
Virtual point.
(4) each distance of the sample point away from " optimum point ", " most bad point " is calculated
The distance between each sample point and standard value point and the optimum point of building, most bad point are calculated, is calculated further according to the result
The approach degree of each sample point and standard value point out.
I-th of sample point is at a distance from " optimum point " are as follows:
(4)
I-th of sample point with it is most not good enough at a distance from are as follows:
(5)
Standard value point is at a distance from " optimum point " and " most not good enough " are as follows:
(6)
(7)
In formulaFor weight of j-th of index (i.e. j-th of pollutant factor) in entire water quality assessment.
(5) approach degree of each sample point and standard value point is calculated
The approach degree of i-th sample point and standard value point m are as follows:
(6) water quality evaluation
Method as described above calculates the exchange premium degree of i-th of sample point and five opinion rating standard value points
, it defines i-th of sample point and the degree of membership of five opinion ratings is,
, i.e.,。
It takesWhen for minimum value, ifThen the quality of water environment grade of i-th of sample spot is m at this time, no
Then, the quality of water environment grade of the point is m-1；IfM value when for minimum value is 5, then the quality of water environment of the point
Grade is directly 5 grades.
Embodiment 1:
Based on the quality of water environment monitoring data of 8, river mainstream monitoring site, carry out water quality evaluation.
(1) foundation of index system:
With the surface water environment matter standard in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen
In 21 kinds of elementary items be evaluation index, and choose the standard of each index in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002)
Limit value is the evaluation criterion value of water quality evaluation index system, and quality of water environment is divided by water environment quality standard
5 grades, water quality evaluation index and each classification standard value are shown in Table 1.
(2) determination of evaluation criterion weight:
According to river pollution situation, three-level water standard is selected, the evaluation index more more than the point of three-level water standard
Weight is bigger.Specific calculating process is as follows: the value for counting each point evaluation index i first is more than the number of III Standard value, note
For；Secondly, taking, the weight of last evaluation index i.By the weight (permanganate indices, COD, five-day BOD, the ammonia that calculate each index
Nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, copper, zinc, fluoride, selenium, arsenic, mercury, chromium, lead, cyanide, volatile phenol, petroleum-type, anion surface active
Agent, sulfide, excrement colibacillus group) it is respectively 0.0548,0.0822,0.1096,0.1233,0.0822,0.1233,0.0137,
0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0137,0.0822,0.1233,
0.0137,0.0137,0.0548.
(3) water quality evaluation is carried out using the method based on exchange premium degree model:
According to the methods of water environment quality assessment, with the monitoring number of 21 monitoring indexes of 8 monitoring sites in river mainstream
Based on the standard value point with 5 quality of water environment grades, initial matrix is constructed, calculate and be related to different water environment matter
The sample matrix R for measuring grade fictionalizes " optimum point " for being related to different quality of water environment grades or " most not good enough ", according to formula
(4), formula (5) calculates each monitoring distance of the sampling point away from " optimum point ", " most bad point ".Calculated result is as follows: for 1 grade of water ring
Border quality standard, each monitoring site is followed successively by 0.1871 for the distance of optimum point, 0.3567,0.1763,0.1912,
0.1996,0.2642,0.2825 and 0.1998, for most bad point distance be 0.3347,0.2686,0.3304,0.3149,
0.2999,0.2787,0.2640 and 0.3243；For 2 grades of quality standard of water environment, distance of each monitoring site for optimum point
Be followed successively by 0.1590,0.3287,0.1494,0.1660,0.1768,0.2429,0.2584 and 0.1708, for most bad point away from
From being 0.4041,0.3489,0.3981,0.3878,0.3746,0.3552,0.3426 and 0.3906；For 3 grades of water environment matter
Amount standard, each monitoring site is followed successively by 0.1330 for the distance of optimum point, 0.2911,0.1200,0.1478,0.1513,
0.2230,0.2357 and 0.1490, for most bad point distance be 0.4226,0.3717,0.4169,0.4058,0.3943,
0.3779,0.3663 and 0.4106；For 4 grades of quality standard of water environment, each monitoring site is followed successively by the distance of optimum point
0.1176,0.2657,0.1055,0.1138,0.1261,0.1850,0.2012 and 0.1172, the distance for most bad point is
0.4716,0.4282,0.4666,0.4478,0.4422,0.4195,0.4129 and 0.4535；For 5 grades of quality of water environment marks
Standard, each monitoring site is followed successively by 0.0992 for the distance of optimum point, 0.2378,0.0948,0.0915,0.1059,0.1522,
0.1691 and 0.0850, for most bad point distance be 0.5907,0.5539,0.5869,0.5713,0.5671,0.5434,
0.5377 and 0.5777.
The patch of i-th of sample point and five opinion rating standard value points is calculated according to formula (6), formula (7) and formula (8)
Progress
, it defines i-th of sample point and the degree of membership of five opinion ratings is,, i.e.,。
The exchange premium degree for 5 quality standard of water environment of 8, river mainstream monitoring site is calculated according to the method described above.Calculated result
Be for 5 quality standard of water environment degrees of membership for, monitoring site 1 0.0058,0.5672,1.0261,2.1771,
3.8732 }, the degree of membership of monitoring site 2 is { -0.3541, -0.0289,0.2232,0.9706,2.0085 }, monitoring site 3
Degree of membership is { 0.0357,0.6236,1.1599,2.3899,3.9997 }, the degree of membership of monitoring site 4 be -0.0319,
0.5021,0.8655,2.1813,4.0650 }, the degree of membership of monitoring site 5 be -0.0749,0.4251,0.8187,
1.9688,3.6073 }, the degree of membership of monitoring site 6 is { -0.2347,0.1518,0.4178,1.3278,2.6782 }, monitoring
The degree of membership of point 7 is { -0.2800,0.0949,0.3561,1.2099,2.4659 }, the degree of membership of monitoring site 8 be -
0.0443,0.4794,0.8634,2.1381,4.3330 }.IfWhen for minimum value, ifThen i-th
The quality of water environment grade of sample spot is m at this time, and otherwise, the quality of water environment grade of the point is m-1；IfFor
M value when minimum value is 5, then the quality of water environment grade of the point is directly 5 grades.Therefore the quality of water environment of monitoring site 1,3
It is 1 grade, the quality of water environment of monitoring site 2 is 3 grades, and the quality of water environment of monitoring site 4,5,6,7,8 is 2 grades.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model, which is characterized in that the method includes with surface water
21 kinds of elementary items in surface water environment matter standard in environmental quality standards (GB3838-2002) in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen
Mesh is evaluation index, and the standard limited value for choosing each index in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) is water environment
Quality of water environment is divided into 5 grades by water environment quality standard by the evaluation criterion value of quality evaluation system；With water
Index weights are constructed based on the exceeded situation of matter, select the water standard grade compared according to regional actual conditions to be evaluated, with
For three-level water standard, the weight of the evaluation index more more than the point of three-level water standard is bigger；
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1: the foundation of assessment indicator system and the determination of evaluation criterion:
With the surface water environment matter standard in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) in addition to pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen
In 21 kinds of elementary items be evaluation index, and choose the standard of each index in water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002)
Limit value is the evaluation criterion value of water quality evaluation index system, and quality of water environment is divided by water environment quality standard
5 grades；
Step 2: the determination of evaluation criterion weight:
Index weights are constructed based on overproof water quality situation, select the water standard compared according to regional actual conditions to be evaluated
Grade；Step 3: carrying out water quality evaluation using the method based on exchange premium degree model:
(1) sample matrix is established, virtual " optimum point " or " most not good enough " is constructed；
(2) sample matrix R is established；
(4) each distance of the sample point away from " optimum point ", " most bad point " is calculated；
(5) approach degree of each sample point and standard value point is calculated；
(6) water quality evaluation.
2. a kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State in step 3 using based on exchange premium degree model method carry out water quality evaluation, calculate each sample point away from " optimum point ",
The distance of " most bad point ", to calculate each sample point and the distance between standard value point and the optimum point of building, most bad point, then root
The approach degree of each sample point Yu standard value point is calculated according to the result.
3. a kind of methods of water environment quality assessment based on exchange premium degree model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step 3 and carries out water quality evaluation using the method based on exchange premium degree model, water quality evaluation is commented for determination
The quality of water environment grade of valence point.
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Application publication date: 20190830 |