CN110186781A - A kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test - Google Patents
A kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110186781A CN110186781A CN201910563682.XA CN201910563682A CN110186781A CN 110186781 A CN110186781 A CN 110186781A CN 201910563682 A CN201910563682 A CN 201910563682A CN 110186781 A CN110186781 A CN 110186781A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of drop strong methods of geomechanics model comprehensive method test, comprising the following steps: S1. prepares different heatings and drops strong analog material；S2. is dropped by strong analog material and heat up for the heating and drop Strong shear test, acquire the analytical expression that the strong curve of drop that heats up of strong analog material drops in the heating；S3. rock mass is simulated using geomechanical model material, drops strong each weak structural face of equivalent material simulating using the heating；S4. it when building model, carries out subregion respectively in plane and facade, obtains several test areas；S5. it is dropped respectively in several heatings and arranges temperature elevation system and temperature control system in strong analog material；S6. by the way that several heatings are dropped with the difference of strong analog material heating, the model is obtained in the strong amplitude of drop of different zones.Invention achieves the effects of the weakening strength behavior of weak structure in simulation rock mass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geography information to obtain field, and the drop of specifically a kind of geomechanics model comprehensive method test is square by force
Method.
Background technique
There are three types of failure test methods, i.e. overload method, the strong method (Material Strength Reserve Method) of drop and synthesis for geomechanical model test
Method.Wherein, overload method and the strong method of drop are incorporated into one by synthesis, have both considered the burst flood being likely encountered in engineering,
It is also contemplated that the possibility that the mechanics parameter of rock mass and weak structural face gradually reduces under the effect of library water in engineering longtime running, is obtained
The many factors for influencing dam stability are taken, therefore more meet engineering reality.
But realizing for synthesis must be on the method for overloading and premised on dropping the realization of strong method, wherein overloading in model test
Method is tested by incrementally increasing upstream water ballast(ing), easy to accomplish in a model；Therefore, realize synthesis key be
The strong method of drop that material parameter gradually reduces is realized in the same model.Currently, the realization for dropping strong method is primarily present following problems:
1. the common trait of conventional model material is once prepared, mechanical parameters just immobilize, thus
The phenomenon that being unable to simulation rock and the reduction of weak structural face mechanical property；Strong method test is dropped to realize, then can only use a material
Expect the corresponding model of parameter, cause heavy workload, investment height and the period of test long, while cannot guarantee that test accuracy,
Therefore, it is difficult to meet the requirement of experimental study；
2. once there is scholar in such a way that same multiple proportions increases the self weight and external loads of engineering, margin of safety is equivalently acquired
Coefficient, such as international well-known scholar professor E.Fumagalli once the Ridracoli gravity-arch dam to height of dam 102m in 1975 into
In row Stress and stability model test, the bulk density of cast material is increased 42 times using the method that pull rod hangs counterweight, but use
The test interference that pull rod hangs counterweight weight increasing method is larger, arranges in the three-dimensional model more difficult；
3. the model of small size is suitable only for the method that centrifugal field replaces gravitational field equivalence to acquire margin of safety coefficient, and
It then will receive mould processing precision for the large-scale model more complex for geologic structure, paste foil gauge and installation displacement counting
The limitation of amount.
In conclusion needing a kind of test method that can reduce mechanical parameters, related geography information is obtained, thus
The weakening strength behavior that weak structure is likely to occur in simulation rock mass.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of geomechanics model comprehensive method tests
Strong method is dropped, to achieve the effect that simulate the weakening strength behavior that weak structure occurs in rock mass.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of drop of geomechanics model comprehensive method test
Strong method, comprising the following steps:
S1. several different heatings are prepared according to the difference in fault structure face and weak intercalated layer and drops strong analog material；
S2. strong analog material is dropped to several heatings and carries out heating drop Strong shear test, obtain several heating drops
Strong curve drops in the heating of strong analog material, and acquires the analytical expression that strong curve drops in several heatings；The Analytical Expression
Formula is in S6 step, the heating degree for dropping strong analog material to several heatings is accurately controlled；
S3. rock mass is simulated using geomechanical model material, it is each soft to drop strong equivalent material simulating using several heatings
Weak structure face；
When S4. building model, carries out subregion respectively in plane and facade, obtain several test areas；
S5. it is dropped respectively in several heatings and arranges temperature elevation system and temperature control system in strong analog material；
S6. strong analog material heating is dropped not to several heatings by the temperature elevation system and temperature control system
Together, the model is obtained in the strong amplitude of drop of different zones, realizes that subregion drop is strong.
Through the above technical solutions, changing the friction type of contact surface by the method for heating during the test, make it
Shearing strength τ (f, c) is gradually reduced, to generate the variation of mechanics effect with fuel factor, has been reached and has been gradually reduced material power
Learn the effect of parameter；In addition to this, the different situations that geologic structure variation is considered when building model, by the plane
With subregion is carried out on facade, achieved the effect that the weakening strength behavior that weak structure occurs in abundant simulation rock mass.
Preferably, in S1, it includes blanc fixe, paraffin, machine oil, macromolecule material that the component of strong analog material drops in the heating
Expect that jack and film, the partial size of the blanc fixe are not more than 200 mesh, the film includes but is not limited to that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is thin
Film, polyethylene film, paraffin paper.
Through the above technical solutions, when the temperature increases, the high molecular material jack gradually dissolves, connect to change
The friction type of contacting surface gradually reduces its shearing strength τ (f, c), to generate the variation of mechanics effect with fuel factor, reaches
To the effect for gradually reducing mechanical parameters.
Preferably, it is to be uniformly mixed blanc fixe and paraffin that the production method of strong analog material drops in the heating, by it
It is put into after baking oven toasts 3h under conditions of 90 DEG C and takes out and be cooled to room temperature；The machine oil is then added to the heavy crystalline flour of drying
In paraffin, it is uniformly mixed and obtains mixture；Sieve plate followed by aperture no more than 1mm sieves the mixture,
Obtain screening material；The high molecular material jack is finally added in screening material, and that heating drop can be obtained is similar by force
Material.
Preferably, in S4, when building model, divided according to the difference of field strength parameter each in the same tomography
Area obtains several test areas.
Preferably, in S4, when building model, according to the reduction of each section intensive parameter in the identical region of intensive parameter
Rate difference carries out subregion, obtains several test areas.
Preferably, it in S4, when building model, is carried out first according to the difference of field strength parameter each in the same tomography
Subregion, then according to the different further subregions of the reduction rate of field strength parameter each in the identical part of intensive parameter, if obtaining
Dry test region.
Through the above technical solutions, being put forward for the first time partition method, each field strength in the same tomography has been fully considered
The reduction rate of each section intensive parameter is different in identical with the intensive parameter regions of difference of parameter, makes later described of scoring area
Model is more in line with reality, and having reached makes the more accurate effect of test result.
Preferably, the altitude range of several test areas is 10~50cm, the area model of several test areas
It encloses for 100~5000cm2。
Through the above technical solutions, the arrangement difficulty of the resistance wire is bigger since the range of the test area is smaller,
And the range of the test area is bigger, the heating drop strong required time is longer, therefore controls the range of the test area,
The time of the difficulty for arranging the temperature elevation system and temperature control system and the strong test duration of drop can be controlled in reasonable model
It encloses, has achieved the effect that keep the equilibrium relation between arrangement difficulty and test efficiency.
Preferably, in S5, the temperature elevation system includes resistance wire and pressure regulator, and the resistance wire is connected with pressure regulator, institute
It states resistance wire and is directly contacted with the surface that strong analog material drops in the heating, the pressure regulator is located at the outside of the model；Institute
Stating temperature control system includes the mathematical model device and thermocouple, and the mathematical model device is connected with thermocouple, described
The mathematical model device is located at the outside of the model, and the thermocouple is embedded in the heating and drops in strong analog material, described
Thermocouple and the resistance wire, which separate, to be arranged.
Through the above technical solutions, after the temperature elevation system and temperature control system are powered, the heated heating of the resistance wire
And transfer heat to the heating and drop strong analog material, so that the friction situation between contact surface is changed, thus testing
Change the shearing strength that strong analog material drops in the heating in journey；At this point, the temperature elevation system and temperature control system are to test
Process co- controlling has achieved the effect that be precisely controlled the rate of heating and the height of temperature.
Preferably, in S5, the resistance wire needs first to carry out electrified regulation to it before embedded, finally makes it naturally cold
But.
Through the above technical solutions, pre-process to the resistance wire, prevent it during embedded disconnected is reached
It splits and makes to stretch the effect for being more easier to carry out.
Preferably, in S6, the variation relation of temperature and intensity is judged by the analytical expression that strong curve drops in the heating,
Determine the numerical value that the temperature for dropping strong analog material to the different heatings is promoted.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. strong method drops in subregion in a kind of geomechanics model comprehensive method test of the invention, pass through during the test
The method of heating changes the friction type of contact surface, gradually reduces its shearing strength τ (f, c), to be generated with fuel factor
The variation of mechanics effect has achieved the effect that gradually reduce mechanical parameters.
2. strong method drops in subregion in a kind of geomechanics model comprehensive method test of the invention, consider when building model
The different situations of geologic structure variation by carrying out subregion in the plane and facade have reached abundant fine analog rock
The effect for the weakening strength behavior that weak structure occurs in body.
3. strong method drops in subregion in a kind of geomechanics model comprehensive method test of the invention, fully considered in subregion
In the same tomography in the difference regions identical with intensive parameter of each field strength parameter each section intensive parameter reduction
Rate is different, and the model for keeping scoring area later is more in line with reality, and having reached makes the more accurate effect of test result.
4. strong method drops in subregion in a kind of geomechanics model comprehensive method test of the invention, before the test, to several
The heating drops strong analog material and has carried out heating drop Strong shear test, so that obtaining several heatings drops strong analog material
Heating strong curve drops, and by it to the temperature rise period in testing, reached the effect accurately controlled test process
Fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of heretofore described heating drop Strong shear test；
Fig. 2 is that strong curve and analytical expression drop in heretofore described heating；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of several test areas in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the position view of heretofore described temperature elevation system and temperature control system.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test, comprising the following steps:
S1. several different heatings are prepared according to the difference in fault structure face and weak intercalated layer and drops strong analog material；Heating
The component for dropping strong analog material includes blanc fixe, paraffin, machine oil, high molecular material jack and polytetrafluoroethylene film, weight
The partial size of spar powder is 100 mesh, and preparation method is to be uniformly mixed blanc fixe and paraffin, puts it into baking oven at 90 DEG C
Under the conditions of toast 3h after take out and be cooled to room temperature；Then machine oil is added in the heavy crystalline flour and paraffin of drying, is uniformly mixed
To mixture；Mixture is sieved followed by the sieve plate that aperture is 1mm, obtains screening material；Finally add in screening material
Entering high molecular material jack can be obtained the strong analog material of heating drop；
S2. strong analog material is dropped to several heatings and carries out heating drop Strong shear test (as shown in Figure 1), obtain several heatings
Strong curve drops in the heating for dropping strong analog material, and acquires the analytical expression (as shown in Figure 2) that strong curve drops in heating, Analytical Expression
Formula is in S6 step, the heating degree for dropping strong analog material to several heatings is accurately controlled；
S3. rock mass is simulated using geomechanical model material, drops each weak knot of strong equivalent material simulating using several heatings
Structure face, when the temperature increases, the high molecular material jack that heating is dropped in strong analog material are gradually dissolved, to change contact surface
Friction type, gradually reduce its shearing strength τ (f, c), to generate the variation of mechanics effect with fuel factor, reach
Gradually reduce the effect of mechanical parameters.
When S4. building model, subregion is carried out according to the different of field strength parameter each in the same tomography first, then root
According to the different further subregions of the reduction rate of each field strength parameter in the identical part of intensive parameter, several test areas are obtained
(as shown in Figure 3), the altitude range of test area are 10~50cm, and areal extent is 100~5000cm2；Pass through the square partition
Method, the model for keeping scoring area later are more in line with reality, and having reached makes the more accurate effect of test result；
S5. it is dropped respectively in several heatings and arranges temperature elevation system and temperature control system (as shown in Figure 4) in strong analog material；
Temperature elevation system includes resistance wire and pressure regulator interconnected；Resistance wire is directly contacted with the surface that strong analog material drops in heating,
Resistance wire needs first to carry out electrified regulation to it before embedded, finally makes its natural cooling, to reach not easy to break and easy
In the effect of stretching；Pressure regulator is located at the outside of model；Temperature control system includes that XJ-100 type temperature interconnected is touring
Detector and thermocouple, the mathematical model device are located at the outside of model, and thermocouple is embedded in heating and drops in strong analog material, heat
Galvanic couple and resistance wire, which separate, to be arranged；After temperature elevation system and temperature control system are powered, to test process co- controlling, reach pair
The effect that the rate of heating and the height of temperature are precisely controlled；
S6. the variation relation that temperature and intensity are judged by the analytical expression that strong curve drops in heating, determines to different
The numerical value that the temperature of strong analog material is promoted drops in heating, finally drops strong analog material to several heatings and carries out different degrees of liter
Temperature obtains model in the strong amplitude of drop of different zones, realizes that subregion drop is strong.
Test effect
In order to verify the correctness of the method for the present invention, tested.Test drop by force to each test area, obtains
Corresponding margin of safety COEFFICIENT K 1.As a result as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table, the margin of safety COEFFICIENT K 1 of available each test area by the method for the invention, passes through the examination
Proved recipe method, the temperature finally obtained and to drop the temperature that strong curve needs to be increased to according to heating essentially the same, error ±
0.3%, namely the strong amplitude of drop error ± 0.3% or so, demonstrate correctness of the invention.
In conclusion a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test of the invention, passes through subregion and reduction
The method of mechanical parameters has achieved the effect that simulate the weakening strength behavior that weak structure is likely to occur in rock mass.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein
Form should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be at this
In the text contemplated scope, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And those skilled in the art institute into
Capable modifications and changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection scope of appended claims of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1. several different heatings are prepared according to the difference in fault structure face and weak intercalated layer and drops strong analog material；
S2. strong analog material is dropped to several heatings and carries out heating drop Strong shear test, obtained several heatings and drop strong phase
Strong curve is dropped like the heating of material, and acquires the analytical expression that strong curve drops in several heatings；
S3. rock mass is simulated using geomechanical model material, drops each weak knot of strong equivalent material simulating using several heatings
Structure face；
When S4. building model, carries out subregion respectively in plane and facade, obtain several test areas；
S5. it is dropped respectively in several heatings and arranges temperature elevation system and temperature control system in strong analog material；
S6. the difference that by the temperature elevation system and temperature control system several heatings are dropped with strong analog material heating, is obtained
The model is obtained in the strong amplitude of drop of different zones, realizes that subregion drop is strong.
2. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S1
In, it includes blanc fixe, paraffin, machine oil, high molecular material jack and film, institute that the component of strong analog material drops in the heating
The partial size of blanc fixe is stated no more than 200 mesh, the film includes but is not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene film, polyethylene film, wax
Paper.
3. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
The production method that strong analog material drops in heating is to be uniformly mixed blanc fixe and paraffin, puts it into condition of the baking oven at 90 DEG C
It takes out and is cooled to room temperature after lower baking 3h；Then the machine oil is added in the heavy crystalline flour and paraffin of drying, is uniformly mixed
To mixture；Sieve plate followed by aperture no more than 1mm sieves the mixture, obtains screening material；Finally in institute
It states and the high molecular material jack is added in screening material the strong analog material of heating drop can be obtained.
4. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S4
In, when building model, different according to field strength parameter each in the same tomography carry out subregion, obtain several trial zones
Domain.
5. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S4
In, when building model, subregion is carried out according to the reduction rate difference of each section intensive parameter in the identical region of intensive parameter, is obtained
To several test areas.
6. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S4
In, when building model, subregion is carried out according to the different of field strength parameter each in the same tomography first, then according to intensity
The different further subregions of the reduction rate of each field strength parameter, obtain several test areas in the identical part of parameter.
7. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to any one of claim 4~6,
Be characterized in that: the altitude range of several test areas is 10~50cm, and the areal extent of several test areas is 100
~5000cm2。
8. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S5
In, the temperature elevation system includes resistance wire and pressure regulator, and the resistance wire is connected with pressure regulator, the resistance wire and the heating
The surface for dropping strong analog material directly contacts, and the pressure regulator is located at the outside of the model；The temperature control system includes
The mathematical model device and thermocouple, the mathematical model device are connected with thermocouple, and the mathematical model device is located at
The outside of the model, the thermocouple are embedded in the heating and drop in strong analog material, the thermocouple and the resistance wire
Separate setting.
9. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described
Resistance wire needs first to carry out electrified regulation to it before embedded, finally makes its natural cooling.
10. a kind of drop strong method of geomechanics model comprehensive method test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S6
In, judge the variation relation of temperature and intensity by the analytical expression that strong curve drops in the heating, determination is to described in different
The numerical value that the temperature of strong analog material is promoted drops in heating.
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| CN113189131A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-30 | 三峡大学 | Test model and method for simulating deformation and damage of rock mass structure under local rock mass degradation condition |
| CN113970494A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-25 | 北京建筑大学 | Test piece of asphalt pavement interlayer material in local release state and shear strength evaluation method |
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| CN113970494A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-25 | 北京建筑大学 | Test piece of asphalt pavement interlayer material in local release state and shear strength evaluation method |
| CN113970494B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-11-21 | 北京建筑大学 | Test piece and shear strength evaluation method for interlayer material of asphalt pavement in local release state |
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| CN110186781B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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