CN110185577A - 一种利用平行自偏航圆环摆尾式风力发电机组装置 - Google Patents
一种利用平行自偏航圆环摆尾式风力发电机组装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种利用平行自偏航圆环摆尾式风力发电机组装置,属新能源技术,风力发电领域,为景观风力发电机组,技术方案以风轮为主,包括平行式风车、圆环式风轮、摆尾式风叶。双风轮起到自动偏航作用,圆环式风轮,抗推力较强,平稳性好,主要功能为给风叶定位。摆尾式风叶起到换向作用,抗击冲击力,风速2‑12m/s时风叶为固定值,固定角为±20度,风速13m/s以上为变角值,摆角为±80度,使风速的推力与阻力大小相等,保持大风使用率,能抗拒台风,雷雨大风冲击。风力特别不稳定时,自动保护,超过30m/s以上自动停止,小于自动恢复运转,可并网使用。此装置增大捕风面积,有效利用低风速发电,提高风轮转速,增加发电功率,发电量为130KW/h,额定风速12m/s,额定转速30r/min。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及新能源风力发电领域,特别涉及一种利用自然风力资源,可自动偏航、大功率风力发电机组装置。
背景技术:
风力发电是一种清洁的新能源,既能解决能源问题,又能达到环保要求,是我国能源发展最大项目之一,也是世界能源发展的方向。目前国家大力发展新能源,大型风力发电已陆续入网使用。新能源发电装置也在不断更新,高效稳定的发电设备成为目前研究的热点,同时也是难题和挑战。现有的风力发电技术成果中,存在各种形式的设计,但主要以三叶风能发电机为主,装机主要以中.大型为主。装机量大,技术成熟,但捕风面积较小,无法将风能充分利用,即风力发电中的风能利用不充足。
比如,申请号201820685545.4的一种垂直轴风能发电机可变翼系统,解决了如下问题:在垂直轴风能发电机的叶片旋转过程中,降低负转矩的出现时间,甚至为零,使得垂直轴风能发电机的发电扭矩尽量均匀,从而提高风能利用率。其优化原有风力发电系统,提高了风能利用率,但未能充分利用风能,依然存在捕获风能不足的问题。
再比如,申请号201820805489.3的技术方案,增加了风能吸收装置,但对于低风速时并不适用,依然未能解决上述问题。
鉴于现有技术的缺陷,本设计解决捕风面积较小,风能利用不充足的问题。能够根据不同的风速调节捕风面积,从而能够使发电保持稳定,在低风速时也可发电。
发明内容:
本发明设计研发了双风轮自偏航大功率风力发电机组装置,本机有几大特点:
本机包括平行式风车、圆环式风轮、摆尾式风叶,双风轮自偏航大功率风力发电机组,本机与三叶机相比,在同等直径下,发电量是三叶机的11.6倍;
本机是以风速控制运转或停止,如;暴风,阵风,雷雨大风,性能特别不稳定。超过30m/s以上的风速风车自动停止,小于自动恢复运转。发电性能稳定,减少更多的电器控制。降低成本,接收能量大,可并网使用;
本机外形美观,可做景点景观设施。能有效的利用低风速的能源,在大风中使用正常。该发明不仅以多扇叶充分增加捕风面积,还依据高风速风叶减小之功能,而且可以根据实时风向,进行自动偏航,无需单独助力。
此风车抗拒冲击力高,能抗拒12级以上的台风,适合沿海装机和海上发电装置。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:以风轮组件为依据,主要是三点:双风轮平行式风力机、风轮为圆环式、风叶为摆尾式,两个风轮为一机组,平衡式无尾舵,多叶充分增加捕风面积。有效控制接收面积的大小,结构简单。接收能量是扫风面积的71%,各组件作用如下:
一.双风轮平行作用;自动偏航,风轮半径小,结构力强,便于安装与维修;
二.风轮的作用:增大捕风面积,用于抗拒的变形量,风轮的动能和势能
的变换量,起到稳速作用,固定风叶的位置及安装;
风叶的作用:风叶在风的控制大小变量,在2-12m/s时风叶为固定值,
固定角为±20度。在13m/s以上为变角值,摆角为±80度。摆角的大小由风速而确定,摆角的作用,使风速的推力与发电功率大小相等,转速稳定;
本发明专利动力来源主要是风轮组件:双风轮平行式、自由偏航,不同其他风机,本机设计增加了风轮,改变了风叶,增加了捕风面积和机械效率,可在轻风启动。在风速为12m/s-30m/s时,风叶在风压的推力下,自动变角,使动力和阻力大小相等,风机转速平稳。根据实验,风机超速最高1.3%。风速在13m/s以上风叶自动调转风叶角度,减小接收面积,保持推力、转速、阻力大小之和,可稳速运转。风速大于30米/秒,风车自动停止运转,小于30m/s时,风车自动恢复运转,转换灵活。
附图说明:
图1.为本发明的结构示意图。
图2.风轮组件结构示意图。
图3.风轮结构示意图。
图4.风叶结构示意图。
具体实施方式:
本机工作原理:
在风波吹动风叶时,风叶随之变动,推动两风轮反向运转,风轮连同风车齿轮箱,通过心轴传动,连接传动齿轮箱,由锥齿变向90度,传动给变速箱(变速箱附有刹车装置及稳速装置),变速箱轴由连轴器连接发电机发电,通过入网逆变器,电器装置并网使用。
本机机械构造:
基础组件(1)作用;稳固风车水平运转,连接塔筒。入网逆变器(2)作用;电能入网控制系统。塔筒组件(3)作用;与基础连接,支撑风车高度水平运作。风轮组件(4)作用;接收风力能源与稳速功能。风车齿轮箱(5)作用;支撑风车水平运转与变速。支架组件(6)作用;支撑两端风车平行水平运行。传动齿轮箱(7)作用;将两风轮的动能以变速形式传挮动力。变速箱组件(8)作用;速比1;12,5传挮给发电机的主要部件。防尘罩组件(9)作用;保护机舱各部件损坏功能。发电机(10)作用;发电设备。机舱组件(11)作用;偏航与设备连接。平行轮组件(12)作用;支撑机舱与水平转动。护栏组件(13)作用;维修与安装。刹车组件(14)作用;用于维修和停车。防雷系统(15)作用;设备防雷。安全带(16)作用;保护,安全设施。电缆线(17)作用;传挮电力。拉条组件(18)作用;保证风轮平行和支架的扭曲。付刹车组件(19)作用;辅助件保证刹车无误。充电装置(20)作用;充电设备保证电动汽车和其他设备充电。
塔筒附有护栏组件,塔筒顶部与机舱组件连接,机舱平台附有平行轮组件、防尘罩组件、支架组件,带有安全装置、防雷系统、安全带、电缆线、拉条组件、刹车组件、充电装置。
此风力机主要用于发电和景观,圆环摆尾式,接收能量大,天然清洁能源。有效利用低风速发电,风轮体积小接收能量大,提高风轮转速,双风轮作用自动偏航,本机发电量为130kw/h,额定风速12m/s,额定转速30r/min,可多台联机使用。
技术参数;
1.塔架高度;15m 2.刹车系统;手动刹车。
3.扫风面积;164.71m2 4.额定功率;130kw.
5.风轮直径;2XФ10.24m。 6.机械效率;70%.
7.额定风速;12m/s。 8.切入风速;2.5m/s。
9.切出风速;25m/s。 10叶轮转速;30r/分。
11.安全风速;12级 12叶片转角;90。
13.防雷技术;OK-FF40/690。 14叶片材料;Pc透明塑钢。
15.风叶数量;840x2=1680. 16.接收能量面积;117.0544m2
17.并网装置;OUYAD并网逆变器。 18操作;全自动。
19.电压;380-690v。 20;转速;1500r/min
21.启动扭矩;68.6Nm。 22寿命;20年。
23.润滑油型号;MobilsHcXMP320. 24.重量;101.6t.
25.一体化风能逆变器;型号;xsz-130-690v.
26.速比;1;50
本机风叶转角为+90~-90度,旋转方向相同。
发动机参数;
型号:中心高;270mm,功率:130kw,电压:690v,重量:400kg,
动扭矩:68.6Nm,体积:1110*668*774mm。
外形尺寸:长22747mm,宽3220mm,高21737mm
本机重量:73348.8kg
本机使用参数;
额定功率输出:130KW-690V
最大输出功率:140KW
最大扭矩输出:68.6*50=3430N.m.
额定转速:30r/min
最高转速:38r/min
传动系统;
首先由风波吹动“风轮组件”(4)运转,经“风轮齿轮箱”(5)变速1/2传挮给心轴,另一端连接“传动齿轮箱”(7)此箱以速比1;2双向变速,经传动轴,连轴器连同变速箱主轴转动,传动给“变速箱组件”(8)[变速箱附有(8-6)稳速轮组件],变速箱以速比1;12.5通过连轴器,直接连接发电机运转。即从风轮到变速箱传动速比是1∶50,达到传动目的。使发电机达到1500r/min,达到额定输出。
风轮偏航技术;
两风轮在风力的推动下,随风向的改变绕轴自由平行转动,转动灵活。其主要功能;在迎面风力作用下,两风轮自由绕中心轴平行。以中心轴为焦点,在风力的扭力下连同,[风车齿轮箱(5),支架组件(6),传动齿轮箱(7),变速箱组件(8),防尘罩组件(9),发电机(10),机舱组件(11),刹车组件(14)拉条组件(18),付刹车组件(19)]一起转动。平行轮组件(12)是支撑部件平稳辅助作用,绕中心轴转动,减缓部件压力,支持风车的偏航极大作用。
应用范围:
主要应用风力较多的地方,如内蒙,新疆,河北,沿海地区,和海上发电以及田边,路边,楼房顶部,村庄等全国风力资源较多的地方,都可安装风力群,并网发电,遍布全国。使用功能:照明,家用电器以及各种用电,可直接转换为市电,还直接给电动汽车,电动自行车,电动摩托等充电,通过网络控制,建网站。风机可以遍布全国各地,每台风机都是电动汽车的充电站。
装配说明;
步骤一:首先将装配好的塔架组件立起,并水平固定,不平度不大于0.05度。护栏组件在塔架立起前装好,一同立起。
步骤二:下一步在装配机舱平台,轴承,附轴承,并水平安装牢固。不平度不大于0.1度。
步骤三:在平台上组装,传动齿轮变速箱组件,平行架组件,平行轴,变速箱组件,发电机、刹车组件、防尘罩组件等及其他部件。并以平台为基准在组装个各组件或部件。
步骤四:装两端风车齿轮变速箱组件,水平安装,风轮组件,与变速箱交角90度,水平安装,变速箱不得有泄漏现象,箱内加足齿轮油,轴承外部涂足黄油,转动灵活无卡阻。
步骤五:电器部分,逆变器、防雷器、和其他部件装在下部塔筒内。
步骤六:在装配过程中按工艺顺序组装。液体箱和油底壳做密封处理,不得有渗漏现象,整机装配完工后,经检验合格投入使用。
操作说明:
在使用前检查各部件是否正常,运行前检查螺栓是否有松动现象,运行后观察运转是否平稳,运转几小时后,停机检查各部件是否松动,漏油现象。进行检修,加足润滑油,检验各部位合格后,进行运转,第1年半年检修加油一次。以后每年检修一次。
电器应用说明:
逆变器;型号:xsz-32-130-690v,体积:高2000mm,宽1200mm,深800mm。逆变器主要用于控制电能入网装置,将发电机发出的高压电能,通过此设备直接入网,并且在电压较低时或风车停止时,电流不会反向逆流。此设备作用非常大,并还能将电压电流调整对外输出,是风力机不可缺少的重要部件。
润滑:
润滑保护是一个非常重要的环节。本机主要润滑,如发动机,减速机,主轴传动部件的润滑,发动机和减速机用高速齿轮油,主轴传动部件用积压工业齿轮润滑油150#,按时更换齿轮油。润滑油更换时间:3-9个月。如冬季使用,润滑轴承时,应使用3号锂基润滑脂。
保养:
风车是长期在野外作业的车辆,环境非常恶劣,保持本长期稳定发电本风车封闭性强。特别注意外表的面漆,如有磕碰或自然脱落,长期风吹雨打,影响使用寿命,应及时修复。
风车各部的齿轮变速箱的润滑,保证箱内的油面位置,以免造成齿轮、轴承等部件的毁坏,冬季应更换3号锂基润滑脂。第1年.半年检修加油一次,以后每年检修一次。平行轮滑道保持上油,不要过干造成磨损。
作用与用途;
双风轮自偏航大功率风力发电机组,主要用于风力发电,和景点观赏价值。此风力机发电量为130KW,(圆环摆尾式)即;风轮是圆环式.、风叶是摆尾式,
其电能可直接转成市电,也可并网发电。其主要功能:低风速发电,从风速2m/s-12m/s均能发电,其中12m/s能达到额定发电。12m/s以上到30m/s风叶自动变角,减小接收能量,风机转速保持在1-35r/min。达到动力和阻力之和,使风机在高速风的推力下,正常发电。在30m/s以上风机变角为80-85度角,切出动能风车自动停止,自动保护功能,此风车抗冲击力较强,能抗拒较大的台风。减小机械的损失自动保护功能。电压比较稳定,此风车自动跟踪风向。无须偏航设备,接收能量高,双轮做功稳定可靠,低风速可达额定输出。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种利用平行自偏航圆环摆尾式风力发电机组装置,所述发电组装置特征包括:
(1)双风轮:其特征在于由单风轮组成,环绕支架中心转动,采用偏航技术,具有平衡式和景观的特点。
(2)根据(1)所述,其特征还在于使用圆环式,材料45#,有增大捕风面积,保持风轮转速稳定的特性。
(3)风叶:其特征在于使用摆尾式方式,材料为Pc透明塑钢铸造,风叶在扭簧作用力下,自动转角±80度,其可保持风车在大风中稳速输出,风速在2-12m/s时,风叶角可保持固定值,13m/s以上风速时自动变角,风小自动返回,风叶变角特征,保持风车的推力与阻力大小相等稳速运行。
2.根据权利要求1(1)所述,双风轮主要结构包括:支架组件、风轮变速箱组件、传动系统,风轮在支架的作用下,平行围绕支架中心转动,在风力的控制下可起到自动偏航作用,偏航旋转角180度。
3.根据权利要求1(2)所述,风轮的主要结构包括:轴套、立轴、短拉筋、风叶定位圈、风叶组件、卡头部件,其特征在于平行安装在(支架)两端,连接件结构紧凑旋向固定,风轮接收能量为70%,属低风速高能量风轮。
4.如权利要求1(3)所述,风叶型号为1-5,其特征在于组件主要有:风叶轴、定位槽、扭簧、垫圈,安装在(风叶定位槽)两端,风叶轴和风叶两端装有(扭簧)。
5.根据权利要求4所述,其特征还包括风叶在扭簧的控制下,风叶双向摆动,绕风叶轴自由转动±160度,风叶定位角为±20度,摆角±80度,可根据风力方向自由摆动,风叶形状大小可随型号改变,但工作原理和构造不可改变。
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CN106930903A (zh) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-07 | 朱明志 | 一种风力发电机用风轮装置 |
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CN2274261Y (zh) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-02-11 | 陈向东 | 薄翼风轮组动力装置 |
US20180180022A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2018-06-28 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Control system for wind turbine having multiple rotors arranged to control support arm orientation |
CN106930903A (zh) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-07 | 朱明志 | 一种风力发电机用风轮装置 |
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